CN109257136A - The two-way coding and decoding method of the JPEG2000 arithmetic code of combined signal source channel and safety - Google Patents
The two-way coding and decoding method of the JPEG2000 arithmetic code of combined signal source channel and safety Download PDFInfo
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- CN109257136A CN109257136A CN201710563716.6A CN201710563716A CN109257136A CN 109257136 A CN109257136 A CN 109257136A CN 201710563716 A CN201710563716 A CN 201710563716A CN 109257136 A CN109257136 A CN 109257136A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0009—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the channel coding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
Abstract
In order to improve error resilience and the safety of JPEG2000, the present invention proposes the two-way coding and decoding method of a kind of combined signal source channel and safe JPEG2000 arithmetic code.This method retains multiple redundant symbols in arithmetic code encoding model, realizes error detection；With the ratio of Chaotic system control redundant symbol, enhance the safety of arithmetic code coding, secure two-way code stream is then generated in Bit-Plane Encoding, channel coding error detection, error correction are combined with safe chaos encryption；, using the method for two-way decoding, the error correcting capability of arithmetic code is promoted aiming at the problem that arithmetic code error diffusion at decoding end, while by calculating corresponding threshold value, combining method progress arithmetic code decoding using soft, the hard decision that threshold value controls reduces decoding complexity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of joint coding and decoding methods of the communications field, and in particular to a kind of combined signal source channel and safety
JPEG2000 arithmetic code two-way coding and decoding method
Background technique
In traditional communication system, message sink coding, channel coding and information security are the separation theorems according to Shannon, are led to
It crosses and is separately optimized data compression, Error Control and encryption, coding and decoding overall performance is made to reach best.Separation algorithm design letter
List, versatility are good, but do not make full use of the status information of respective prior information, redundancy and channel, it is difficult to approach letter
The optimal performance of road capacity and safety.Therefore, message sink coding, channel coding and encryption technology are joined together to be necessary
's.
JPEG2000 as Static Picture Compression standard of new generation, be widely used in radar remote sensing, multimedia, database,
The fields such as wireless communication, random access with high-compressibility, progressive transmission, encoding region of interest and code stream etc. are excellent
Point.But due to having used arithmetic code, JPEG2000 is very sensitive to error code, and the single error code occurred in noisy channel can make
Entire code block is dropped.This problem is spread for error code, Grangetto proposes to add in arithmetic code cataloged procedure single superfluous
Remaining symbol makes arithmetic code have error detecing capability, by the Soft Inform ation of list entries when decoding, realizes maximum posteriori decoding.
However this method increases only single redundant symbol, and using Soft decision decoding when decoding, decoding complexity is higher.Gao
It is proposed that error detection and the method for cover are carried out to the coded data in data block solves the problems, such as that error code is spread, but this method is only
It is handled for video data, is not particularly suited for the code flow structure of JPEG2000.
Due to the accessibility of data, transmits data and be easy to be eavesdropped, ensure that the safety of information is particularly important.
Since chaology has good characteristic, chaos encryption receives the extensive attention of researcher in recent years.Many research achievements
JPEG2000 and chaos are combined together, arithmetic code encoding model is controlled by chaotic maps, realizes combined signal source and peace
Full encoding and decoding algorithm.
Comprehensive existing joint coding and decoding method, there are single redundancy symbol error detection energy for the coding and decoding method of combined signal source channel
Power is insufficient, can not error correction and the too big problem of decoding complexity；And combined signal source and the coding and decoding method of safety do not account for
Interchannel noise not can be carried out practical application.Therefore, for JPEG2000 standard, existing joint coding and decoding method cannot reach
Optimal performance can not ensure error resilience and the safety of transmission image.
Summary of the invention
In order to improve error resilience and the safety of JPEG2000, the present invention is by message sink coding, channel coding and encrypts skill
Art is joined together, and proposes the two-way coding and decoding method of a kind of combined signal source channel and safe JPEG2000 arithmetic code.This method
Retain multiple redundant symbols in arithmetic code encoding model, realizes error detection；With the ratio of Chaotic system control redundant symbol, enhancing
The safety of arithmetic code coding, then generates secure two-way code stream, by channel coding error detection, error correction and peace in Bit-Plane Encoding
Full chaos encryption combines；At decoding end aiming at the problem that arithmetic code error diffusion, using the method for two-way decoding, arithmetic is promoted
The error correcting capability of code, while by calculating corresponding threshold value, method is combined using soft, the hard decision that threshold value controls and carries out arithmetic
Code decoding reduces decoding complexity.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: in encoder-side, original image pretreatment is laggard
Row wavelet transform quantifies the wavelet coefficient of generation, as unit of code block, according to the method that binary digit is layered, from most
High significant bit-plane carries out three Channel scan modelings to least significant bit planes.In each bit plane, while to each
Band carries out three-pass scanning, realizes the parallel encoding of multi-ribbon.Each band individually carries out entropy coding, retains in MQ encoder
Multiple redundant symbols, key generate chaos sequence by Cat chaotic maps, control the ratio of redundant symbol in MQ encoder.Position
The data obtained after each band coding in plane are translated through the control of Logistic chaotic maps, are inverted and exclusive or, are generated
Secure two-way code stream.Decoder end is the inverse process of coding, and MQ decoder passes through according to current channel condition and transmission requirement
Corresponding threshold value is calculated, method is combined using soft, the hard decision that threshold value controls and carries out arithmetic code decoding.When bit plane decodes,
Positive decoding is first carried out, is decoded when the error occurs when positive, code stream is reversely decoded, correct decoding error.
The invention has the advantages that information source data to be input to the arithmetic encoder for being added to multiple controlled redundancy symbols
Middle realization error detection；By the ratio of the multiple redundant symbols of Chaotic system control, enhance the safety of arithmetic code；It is controlled using threshold value
Soft, hard decision combine method, realize the compromise of decoding performance and complexity；Asking for arithmetic code error diffusion simultaneously
Topic, using the method for two-way decoding, promotes the error correcting capability of arithmetic code.System has good while realizing Efficient Compression
Error resilience and safety.
Detailed description of the invention
The two-way coding and decoding method flow chart of the JPEG2000 arithmetic code of Fig. 1 combined signal source channel and safety.
In Fig. 1,1. pretreatments, 2. wavelet transforms, 3. quantizations, 4. Bit-Plane Encodings, 5. generate secure two-way code stream,
6.Logistic chaotic maps, 7.MQ coding, 8.Cat chaotic maps, the control of 9. code rates and code stream assembling, 10. noisy channels,
11. code stream is split, 12.MQ decoding, the control of 13. threshold values, the decoding of 14. bit planes, 15. two-way decodings, 16. inverse quantizations, 17. is discrete
Inverse wavelet transform, 18. post-processings, 19. original images, 20. compressed bit streams, 21. reconstruction images.
Fig. 2 generates secure two-way code stream process.
In Fig. 2, the code stream (T that is obtained after 22. the 1st bands coding1), the code stream that 23. n-th of band obtain after encoding
(Tn), 24. judge whether first numerical value of chaos sequence is more than or equal to 0.5 (z1>=0.5), 25. judge chaos sequence nth
Whether value is more than or equal to 0.5 (zn>=0.5), 26. first band of setting cache code stream (V1=T1), 27. first band of setting
Cache code stream (V1=T '1), 28. n-th of band of setting cache code stream (Vn=Tn), 29. n-th of band of setting cache code stream (Vn
=T 'n), 30. the 1st caching code stream (V1), 31. n-th of caching code stream (Vn), 32. w bits of translation, 33. indicate exclusive or behaviour
Make, the 34. secure two-way code streams generated.
Specific embodiment
1, robust mistake arithmetic code is encrypted
Combined signal source channel and the two-way coding and decoding method flow chart of the JPEG2000 arithmetic code of safety are schemed as shown in Figure 1:
In, wavelet transform 2 is carried out after the pretreatment of original image 19 1,3 are quantified to the wavelet coefficient of generation, according to binary digit point
Layer method, MQ arithmetic coding 7 is successively carried out from most significant bit plane to least significant bit planes, with Cat chaotic maps 8 into
Row encryption.
MQ encoder in JPEG2000 is adaptive binary arithmetic coding, is every time big by interal separation when coding
Probability symbols section and small probability symbol section.In an encoding process, encoder judges that it is according to input source symbol first
Maximum probability symbol or small probability symbol are then divided by the probability of source symbol by section is encoded, selection input information source
Section corresponding to symbol.It carries out repeatedly, until source sequence has been handled, obtains final coded sequence.
In order to improve the anti-error performance of arithmetic code, three controlled redundancy symbols are added in MQ encoder, are individually placed to
Encode the left end in section, the centre of two coded identifications and the right end for encoding section.The probability difference of three redundant symbols
For Qf1、Qf2And Qf3, the sum of probability is Qf.Three redundant symbols coding section in occupied section total amount be it is fixed, lead to
It crosses Cat mapping and generates two groups of password streamsWithControl the ratio of three redundant symbols:: Qf1=QfX/2, Qf2=Qf·y/
2, Qf3=Qf-Qf1-Qf2.The redundant symbol is not in practical code stream, once and decoder has translated redundancy symbol
Number, then detect occur mistake in code stream.
Under conditions of same redundancy is added, more redundant symbol arithmetic codes can be improved compared with single redundancy symbol arithmetic code is
The error detection function of system, and enhance safety.
2, based on the secure two-way coding and decoding method of JPEG2000 standard
In Fig. 1, the Bit-Plane Encoding 4 of coding side maps 6 encryptions with Logistic and generates secure two-way compiling code stream 5,
The bit plane decoding 14 at decoding end decodes code stream using two-way interpretation method 15.
In order to reduce error diffusion problem, this patent uses the independent Bit-Plane Encoding of band, i.e., in each bit plane,
Three-pass scanning is carried out to each band simultaneously, realizes the parallel encoding of multi-ribbon.Each band individually carries out entropy coding, enables Tn
Indicate the code stream obtained after n-th of band coding, T 'nIndicate the overturning of single band code stream.Safety is generated using buffer
Two-way decodable code stream, enables VnThe buffer of corresponding n-th of the band of expression, Logistic mapping, which generates chaos sequence and control, to be added
It is close.It is as shown in Figure 2 to generate secure two-way code stream process: as chaos sequence znWhen >=0.5, the buffer of n-th of band is enabled to save
The code stream obtained after n-th of band coding, i.e. Vn=Tn；Work as znWhen < 0.5, the buffer of n-th of band is enabled to save n-th
With the overturning code stream obtained after coding, Vn=T 'n.The buffer code streams of all bands is translated into w bit, then with band code stream
Exclusive or is carried out, generating two-way decodable code stream isWherein w is bit plane
The maximum codeword length of middle band.
When forward direction decoding, since two-way decodable code stream is different by band code stream and the caching code stream string that is shifted w bit
Or obtain, when decoding, can first read the preceding w bit for receiving code stream, obtain the code stream T of first band1.If z1>=0.5,
Then cache V1=W1；If z1< 0.5, then cache V1=W '1.By T1Translate w bit, then with receive code stream exclusive or, so that it may must
To T2.It so goes on, so that it may obtain the code stream of entire bit plane.
When forward direction decoding stopping decoding immediately when the error occurs, then reversely decoded.Reversed decoding is decoded with positive
It is similar, the rear w bit for receiving code stream is first read when decoding, is obtained the last one and is cached code stream Vn.If zn>=0.5, then it can obtain
To last band code stream Tn=Vn；If zn< 0.5, then Tn=V 'n.By TnTranslate w bit, then with reception code stream exclusive or,
It can be obtained by Vn-1.It so goes on, so that it may obtain the code stream of entire bit plane.
Using two-way coding and decoding method, compressed bit stream can not only carry out positive decoding at decoding end, when forward direction decodes out
When existing mistake, it can also reversely be decoded, realize the two-way decoding of code stream.It is carried out to greatest extent using the information being properly received
Decoding reduces error diffusion, corrects decoding error, enhances anti-error capability.
3, the arithmetic code decoding of threshold value control
In Fig. 1, code stream is split after noisy channel obtains each code block data, and each code block carries out arithmetic code respectively and translates
Code.MQ decoder 12 carries out arithmetic code decoding by 8 control of Cat mapping, using the method for threshold value control 13.
MQ decoder is to read codeword sequence as unit of byte to be decoded, therefore carrying out maximum a posteriori probability sequence
When column estimation, as unit of byte, each state can stretch out 256 branches.In each step of decoding, only extend top
The subsequent branches in path and corresponding branch metric, then by other paths in these new individual paths and storehouse by measurement
Size is ranked up, and is measured maximum path and is placed on storehouse top, and removes the lesser path of measurement.So constantly repeat,
Using maximum metric as benchmark extension path.
Increase retention number of paths when decoding, decoding performance can be promoted, but increase decoding complexity simultaneously.In order to
Weigh decoding performance and complexity, the present invention is using a kind of method that soft, hard decision combines by threshold value control realization.If bi
For i-th of bit of codeword sequence, riFor decoder end receive it is demodulated after i-th of bit.For each ri, use
Likelihood ratio can be write as in additive white Gaussian noise channel to define its reliability
A threshold value Γ is given, and makees following setting: as reliability ΛiWhen <-Γ, only extend the branch of " 0 "；Work as ΛiWhen > Γ, only
Extend the branch of " 1 "；As-Γ≤ΛiWhen≤Γ, extend the branch of " 0 " and " 1 ".
Defined function PmissIt is close with a series of mathematics by deriving for the probability for missing correct path because of threshold value control
Seemingly, in additive white Gaussian noise channel, threshold value can be obtained and the relationship for the probability for missing correct path is as follows
Increase threshold value, more paths are extended, and decoding performance is improved, but increases complexity；Reduce
Threshold value, complexity become smaller, but correct path is likely to be ignored.It therefore can be according to current channel condition and transmission
It is required that the probability P of correct path is missed in limitationmiss, the size of reasonable control threshold, the folding of realization decoding performance and complexity
In.
Claims (4)
1. the two-way coding and decoding method of the JPEG2000 arithmetic code of a kind of combined signal source channel and safety, it is characterized in that: encoding
Device end retains multiple redundant symbols in arithmetic code encoding model first and realizes error detection, increased with Chaotic system control redundant symbol
Add safety, secure two-way code stream is then generated in Bit-Plane Encoding, decoder end is the inverse process of coding, to what is received
There is noise cancellation signal to realize error correction using two-way interpretation method in bit plane decoding, then using soft, the hard decision phase of threshold value control
Arithmetic code decoding is carried out in conjunction with method.
2. the two-way coding and decoding method of the JPEG2000 arithmetic code of combined signal source channel according to claim 1 and safety,
It is further characterized in that: three controlled redundancy symbols are added in arithmetic code coder, are individually placed to encode the left end in section, two
The centre of a coded identification and the right end in coding section, three redundant symbols occupied section total amount in coding section are
Fixed, two groups of password streams are generated by chaotic maps, control the ratio of three redundant symbols.
3. the two-way coding and decoding method of the JPEG2000 arithmetic code of combined signal source channel according to claim 1 and safety,
It is further characterized in that: in Bit-Plane Encoding, each band absolute coding of bitplanes, the data that band obtains after encoding are through mixed
Ignorant mapping control translated, is inverted and exclusive or, generates secure two-way code stream, and decoder is the inverse process of coding, and when decoding is first
Positive decoding is carried out, is decoded when the error occurs when positive, code stream is reversely decoded, correct decoding error.
4. the two-way coding and decoding method of the JPEG2000 arithmetic code of combined signal source channel according to claim 1 and safety,
It is further characterized in that: when arithmetic code decodes, method is combined using soft, the hard decision that threshold value controls, according to current channel item
Part and transmission requirement, the size of control threshold define its reliability with likelihood ratio for each bit received, lead to
Reliability is crossed compared with threshold value, determines that decoding delay stretches branch's situation.
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Application publication date: 20190122 |