CN109257077A - A kind of new spatial modulator approach of combination huffman coding and Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Code - Google Patents
A kind of new spatial modulator approach of combination huffman coding and Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Code Download PDFInfo
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- CN109257077A CN109257077A CN201811362068.9A CN201811362068A CN109257077A CN 109257077 A CN109257077 A CN 109257077A CN 201811362068 A CN201811362068 A CN 201811362068A CN 109257077 A CN109257077 A CN 109257077A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/03—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words
- H03M13/05—Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits
- H03M13/13—Linear codes
- H03M13/15—Cyclic codes, i.e. cyclic shifts of codewords produce other codewords, e.g. codes defined by a generator polynomial, Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem [BCH] codes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M7/00—Conversion of a code where information is represented by a given sequence or number of digits to a code where the same, similar or subset of information is represented by a different sequence or number of digits
- H03M7/30—Compression; Expansion; Suppression of unnecessary data, e.g. redundancy reduction
- H03M7/40—Conversion to or from variable length codes, e.g. Shannon-Fano code, Huffman code, Morse code
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0602—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using antenna switching
- H04B7/0608—Antenna selection according to transmission parameters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
- H04L1/0009—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the channel coding
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Abstract
The invention discloses the new spatial modulator approaches of a kind of combination huffman coding and Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Code, with reference to the antenna choosing principles of Antenna Selection Technology, the signal circuit of closure is constituted, while greatly reducing decoded complexity and the bit error rate using the method for quantization when handling probability matrix；Present invention incorporates source coding and channel coding technologies to be improved and optimized to traditional space-modulation technique, information bit needed for huffman coding technology therein not only reduces transmission antenna serial number, more bits also are provided for transmission signal, increase channel capacity.Simulation result shows that improved space-modulation technique is significantly better than traditional space-modulation technique in the bit error rate, and increases channel capacity, reduces the hardware complexity of receiving end.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology field, especially a kind of novel air of combination huffman coding and Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Code
Between modulator approach.
Background technique
Nearly ten years, the MIMO transmission technology based on multiple antennas is quickly grown in wireless communication field, but mimo system exists
Exist in practical application: interchannel interference is relatively strong, multiple antennas synchronize be difficult to ensure, a plurality of radio frequency link makes cost increase, receive
Antenna number must be more than the problems such as transmitting antenna number.And in the case where actual terminal communicates such as mobile phone scene, the defect of MIMO is got over
It is aobvious serious.
The above problem can be effectively avoided in space-modulation technique.Space-modulation technique, which has the following characteristics that, only needs one
Radio frequency link, cost is relatively low；Digital modulation two-dimensional map is extended to three-dimensional mapping, reduces the bit error rate；It can be in receiving antenna
Number works normally in the case where being less than transmitting antenna；Information is sent every time and only uses an antenna, reduces the complexity of sending and receiving end
Degree.
Space-modulation technique has received widespread attention since the invention, especially quickly grows in recent years, has very much
New expansion.
(1) generalized space modulation technique combines spatial modulation and space diversity technology.It is modulated in generalized space
In system, a subset of transmission antenna combination is selected to be emitted, can be shown compared with individual antenna in conventional modulated is sent
The selection number for increasing sending mode is write, the higher availability of frequency spectrum is reached.
(2) empty to move keying, only activate the serial number of antenna to carry information to complete the tune to incoming bit stream by transmitting terminal
System.
(3) broad sense sky moves keying, selects more antenna combinations to form airspace constellation point optimal to reach system performance.
(4) transmission antenna is divided into several pieces by Trellis-coded modulation, make to have between adjacent-symbol maximum possible it is European away from
From thus the correlation between reducing antenna.
Modulation technique of the space-modulation technique as a kind of initiative, in many actual wireless communications application scene lower bodies
Reveal significant advantage, but still there are many problems demands to solve:
(1) spatial modulation is restricted to transmitting antenna number, it is necessary to be 2 n times side.
(2) the performance quality of the technology depends on the difference of channel gain between transmitting antenna, to the dependence of channel condition
It is relatively strong.
(3) space-modulation technique itself can not provide transmitting diversity, need to obtain by coding techniques.And coding techniques
The research of combination this respect just start to walk.
(4) space-modulation technique needs to carry out day line options, and antenna needs to keep selection state for a long time, and is sending day
Since pulse shaping can to transmit signal delay in line switching.Limit being switched fast for radio frequency link.
With increasing for correlative study in recent years, space-modulation technique has some important application scenarios.But there are also very
More places are worth exploring, such as the combination of the channel coding technologies such as modulation technique and Turbo code, LDPC code, polarization code.In addition,
Spatial modulation belongs to physical layer transmission technology, can communicate theory with combining with green, compromise optimization system capacity and energy consumption, this
It also can be a novel research field.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in provide the novel air of a kind of combination huffman coding and Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Code
Between modulator approach, improve information transmission accuracy rate, reduce the bit error rate.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the new spatial tune of a kind of combination huffman coding and Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Code
Method processed, includes the following steps:
(1) feedback loop is built between receiving end and transmitting terminal, each antenna that receiving end is detected leads to
Letter quality passes transmitting terminal back in real time in the form of probability matrix；
(2) transmitting terminal carries out a step pretreatment to the information with transmission and improves the accuracy of communication using Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Code；
(3) it is divided into two parts by the information of Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Code, a part is sent out after traditional modulation from radio frequency link
Out, another part is then lain in the antenna serial number selected after huffman coding；
(4) probability matrix received is subjected to quantification treatment in transmitting terminal, and in this, as the probability of huffman coding
Matrix carries out huffman coding to the aerial information sent in information.
Preferably, in step (1), each element in probability matrix selected by each antenna that receiving end is passed back is equal
It is necessary for 2 integral number power.
Preferably, in step (4), the probability matrix received is subjected to quantification treatment in transmitting terminal specifically: former probability
Value is 0-0.1, and quantization probability value is 0；Former probability value is 0.1-0.2, and quantization probability value is 1/8；Former probability value is 0.2-0.4,
Quantifying probability value is 1/4；Former probability value is 0.4-0.6, and quantization probability value is 1/2；Former probability value is 0.6-1, quantifies probability value
It is 1.
The invention has the benefit that the feedback of antenna select probability matrix, transmitting terminal select the quality of antenna in real time
It greatly improves, improves the accuracy rate of information transmission, reduce the bit error rate；Meanwhile the use of huffman coding increases channel
Capacity, the use of Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Code also reduce the bit error rate of transmission information by the way of redundancy check；Simulation result shows this
The space-modulation technique that invention provides reduces 3dB than the bit error rate of traditional space-modulation technique.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is system architecture schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention illustrates sky for transmitting 3Bit information, 2 transmitting antennas, 4 contrast systems, 4 receiving antennas
Between modulation technique antenna selection procedure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 be traditional space-modulation technique, the space-modulation technique of traditional huffman coding, Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Code space
Modulation technique is illustrated compared with the bit error rate of the space-modulation technique of combination huffman coding proposed by the present invention and Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Code
Figure.
Fig. 4 is traditional space-modulation technique, the space-modulation technique of huffman coding and is added at probability matrix quantization
Contrast schematic diagram of the space-modulation technique of huffman coding after reason in the bit error rate.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the new spatial modulator approach of a kind of combination huffman coding and Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Code, includes the following steps:
(1) feedback loop is built between receiving end and transmitting terminal, each antenna that receiving end is detected leads to
Letter quality passes transmitting terminal back in real time in the form of probability matrix；
(2) transmitting terminal carries out a step pretreatment to the information with transmission and improves the accuracy of communication using Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Code；
(3) it is divided into two parts by the information of Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Code, a part is sent out after traditional modulation from radio frequency link
Out, another part is then lain in the antenna serial number selected after huffman coding；
(4) probability matrix received is subjected to quantification treatment in transmitting terminal, and in this, as the probability of huffman coding
Matrix carries out huffman coding to the aerial information sent in information.
The basic principle of space-modulation technique is that each time slot is divided into two by the message bit stream that antenna transmits
Part, a part of information are identical with the processing step of traditional transmission information by traditional modulation, such as PSK, QAM etc..
Another part is then to be mapped to corresponding antenna by binary coding and sent.Antenna serial number also carries part in this way
Transmission information, the utilization rate of system can be effectively improved.But in receiving end, demodulating information and by estimating the information
Transmitting antenna serial number is compared, and the accuracy of simple modulation operations is higher, and complexity is also lower.So while in this way to information
System availability and channel capacity can be improved in division, but there is ample room for improvement for the bit error rate of system.Further, since table
Show that the information that those of antenna serial number bit is included is that random namely each antenna is activated no matter quality
Probability is identical.In this way, the communication quality of system is just largely dependent upon the quality of channel.
Antenna Selection Technology is in the selection principle of antenna with space-modulation technique just on the contrary, top-quality antenna chain
Lu Caihui is activated by selection.In this way, the communication quality of system is only related with the quality of best antenna, and do not have with other antennas
There is relationship, substantially increases the stability of system.
A kind of new, more perfect spatial modulation is created this invention address that the advantages of both technologies is combined
Technology.Firstly, the present invention needs to construct a feedback link between receiving end and transmitting terminal, that is, illustrate in attached drawing 1
Feedback Path, the real-time antenna quality detected for passing receiving end back.Transmitting terminal can be according to feedback letter in this way
The best antenna of breath selection communication quality sends information.Due to information can only in the form of binary bit stream in transmitting terminal and
It is transmitted between receiving end, so the real-time antenna quality information of feedback is with the shape of the antenna select probability matrix after quantization
Formula is fed back to transmitting terminal.All elements are all in the matrixIntegral number power.
When the probability matrix to day line options quantifies, there is a problem deserving of attention.As described above
Quantify criterion, all elements all should beIntegral number power.But in actual application, often there are some communication condition poles
Good antenna, the probability selected are significantly larger than 50%.At this point, withCome describe probability that the antenna is selected can exist compared with
Big error.As it means that those of remaining very poor antenna of quality similarly has 50% probability selected, undoubtedly drop
Low communication quality.For this purpose, we combine the experience of document and emulation, for being higher than 65% antenna, quilt by select probability
The probability quantification treatment selected is 1.The processing of such case and the principle of Antenna Selection Technology are identical.
So far, we have the select probability matrix of the information to be transmitted and each antenna.The one of following most critical
Step is how to connect the two, i.e., how the probabilistic information for selecting antenna to be included in the information to be transmitted.And
And the information to be transmitted is completely random for transmitting terminal.
Huffman coding is a kind of coding mode of variable word length.In computer digital animation, huffman coding is used
Variable length coding table encodes source symbol (letter in such as file), wherein variable length coding table be by it is a kind of assessment come
What the method that probability occurs in source symbol obtained, there is the high letter of probability and use shorter coding, otherwise it is low then probability occur
Using longer coding, this just reduces the average length of the character string after coding, desired value, to reach lossless compression number
According to purpose.
For example, in English, the appearance probability highest of e, and the probability of occurrence of z is then minimum.When utilization huffman coding pair
When one English is compressed, e is very likely indicated with a bit, and z may then spend 25 bits (not being 26).With
When common representation method, each English alphabet occupies a byte (byte), i.e. 8 bits.The two is compared, and e is used
1/8 length generally encoded, z have then been used more than 3 times.If we are able to achieve for letter probability of occurrence each in English
Accurate estimation, so that it may increase substantially the ratio of lossless compression.
The characteristics of huffman coding, just coincide our needs.I will enumerate the simple of four transmitting antennas below
Model illustrates the application of huffman coding in the present invention.Assuming that the probability that four antennas are selected is 0.5 respectively,
0.25,0.125,0.125.Four antennas are subjected to huffman codings, respectively 1,01,001,000.Huffman coding is a kind of
Prefix code.It in decoding, detects that 1 regards as No. 1 antenna, subsequent bit is not taken as decoded part yet, decode
Terminate.If detecting 0, next bit is continued to test.If 1, as No. 2 antennas, decoding terminates；If what is detected is 0, continue to examine
Next bit is surveyed, and so on.Obviously, the length of the antenna bigger by select probability, coding is shorter.
So, it is only necessary to a Huffman dictionary is constructed according to the antenna select probability matrix of feedback, it is to be sent detecting
When information, several positions are as prefix code before each time slot will be sent information, the Huffman dictionary completed according to building
Decoding can distribute corresponding antenna.By the characteristics of huffman coding it is found that the antenna bigger by select probability, code length are got over
It is short, therefore the bit occupied in total information is fewer.This means that more bits are saved out and transmit information,
Increase channel capacity.
When receiving end receives information, estimating the information first is transmitted by which root antenna.Equally, also have in receiving end
The probability matrix of its line options, it means that receiving end can carry out huffman coding according to the antenna serial number of estimation and obtain originally
Information.The essence of this method is using antenna serial number come transmitting portions information, to increase channel capacity, improves system
The availability of frequency spectrum.It is clear that as it can be seen that the bit error rate for the information that simple modulation and demodulation operate will be well below estimation
The bit error rate for the information that antenna serial number is restored.The bit error rate of spatial modulation system is the hot spot of research in this several years.
BCH code is a kind of cyclic error correcting code, can correct multiple random errors.Final step of the invention be exactly information into
Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Code is carried out before entering modulation.Increasing a step Error Correction of Coding is the bit error rate in order to reduce the system as far as possible.
Simulation result is as shown in Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, and two innovations of the invention can significantly reduce system
The bit error rate.
Claims (3)
1. the new spatial modulator approach of a kind of combination huffman coding and Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Code, which comprises the steps of:
(1) feedback loop, the communication matter for each antenna that receiving end is detected are built between receiving end and transmitting terminal
Amount passes transmitting terminal back in real time in the form of probability matrix；
(2) transmitting terminal carries out a step pretreatment to the information with transmission and improves the accuracy of communication using Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Code；
(3) it being divided into two parts by the information of Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Code, a part issues after traditional modulation from radio frequency link,
Another part is then lain in the antenna serial number selected after huffman coding；
(4) probability matrix received is subjected to quantification treatment in transmitting terminal, and in this, as the probability matrix of huffman coding,
Huffman coding is carried out to the aerial information sent in information.
2. combining the new spatial modulator approach of huffman coding and Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Code as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
In step (1), each element in probability matrix selected by each antenna that receiving end is passed back is necessary for 2 integer
Power.
3. combining the new spatial modulator approach of huffman coding and Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem Code as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that
In step (4), the probability matrix received is subjected to quantification treatment in transmitting terminal specifically: former probability value is 0-0.1, and quantization is general
Rate value is 0；Former probability value is 0.1-0.2, and quantization probability value is 1/8；Former probability value is 0.2-0.4, and quantization probability value is 1/4；
Former probability value is 0.4-0.6, and quantization probability value is 1/2；Former probability value is 0.6-1, and quantization probability value is 1.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112995199A (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2021-06-18 | 北京沃东天骏信息技术有限公司 | Data encoding and decoding method, device, transmission system, terminal equipment and storage medium |
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