The MMC-HVDC to power to passive network exchanges adaptive reclosing method
Technical field
The invention belongs to alternating current circuit error protection field, in particular to a kind of MMC-HVDC exchanges adaptive reclosing side
Method.
Background technique
Two class AC systems can be regarded as weak AC system: system impedance is big and system damping is small.The small friendship of capacity of short circuit
Streaming system can be considered first kind weak pattern system, limited containing capacity or AC system of equipment without spin can be considered the second class weak pattern
System, such as isolated island or wind power plant.In special circumstances, converter station is needed to have converts between networking and island state, such as Zhoushan multiterminal
Flexible direct current system has alternating current circuit connection between converter station when operating normally, but in failure or maintenance, power grid
In passive isolated island will occur, it is therefore desirable to some or certain several converter stations are to passive island power supply.
Compared to traditional D.C. high voltage transmission (Line Commuted based Converter-High Voltage
DC, LCC-HVDC) mode, flexible DC transmission (Voltage Source Converter based HVDC, VSC-HVDC)
Advantage is exactly can be to weak AC system even passive system power supply, such as isolated island, island load (such as offshore drilling platform), remote
Mountain area power supply, the Troll-A VSC-HVDC engineering of Norway are that first utilization VSC-HVDC is supplied to offshore drilling platform in the world
The commercialization engineering of electricity, or small power station's (such as wind-power electricity generation, solar power generation) of connection dispersion arrive power grid, flexible straight
Stream transmission of electricity is having broad application prospects to passive network for electrical domain.
Since passive electric network composition is more weak, and power supply lacks, and ac transmission power supply reliability and duration are poor, no
It is able to satisfy power grid future power demand.Passive network reliability and enhancing electrical stability are improved, unnecessary power off time is reduced
It is the major issue that need be solved.The failure overwhelming majority of electric system is transmission line malfunction, and voltage class is higher, single
The probability of phase fault is bigger, and adaptive reclosing improves power supply reliability and system stability is of great significance, and studies energy
Enough identify that the adaptive reclosing of nature of trouble receives significant attention.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of MMC-HVDC to power to passive network to exchange adaptive reclosing method,
It is intended to improve passive network reliability and enhancing electrical stability, reduces unnecessary power off time.The present invention is in exchange overhead line
After fault trip, by design MMC additional control strategy realize to ac bus inject characteristic signal, due to exchange phase loop line
Between there is coupling, failure phase loop line by inductance characteristics component;Secondly nature of trouble is realized using small echo quadratic spline difference approach
Differentiate, realize adaptive reclosing, the invention is to the power supply reliability of exchange overhead transmission line and the promotion of anti-interference ability
It is of great significance.
To realize above-mentioned target, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The MMC-HVDC to power to passive network exchanges adaptive reclosing method, comprising: in alternating current circuit single-phase fault/
In interval before being overlapped after the tripping of multi-circuit lines on the same tower three-phase fault with breaker, the attached of the MMC to power to passive network is utilized
Add control strategy, control MMC injects characteristic signal to ac bus, since failure phase/loop line and sound circuit have coupling, hands over
Flow failure phase/loop line inductance characteristics signal, characteristic signal in faulty line is in failure vanishes and failure, and there are still two states
Under propagation characteristic have differences, using the difference realize AC fault route property judgment, and then determine failure it is defeated
Whether electric line is overlapped breaker, realizes alternating current circuit error protection.
Further, the MMC is based on half-bridge, full-bridge or the modularization multi-level converter for mixing submodule.
Further, passive network is isolated island or wind power plant.
Further, before being overlapped after alternating current circuit single-phase fault/multi-circuit lines on the same tower three-phase fault tripping with breaker
Interval in, inject characteristic signal through fixed delay after failure.
Further, fixed delay 0.3s.
Further, the frequency selection purposes of characteristic signal consider the limit of line length, inverter submodule switching control period
(in actual DC engineering, the common MMC submodule switching control period is 100 μ s to system, protects the sample frequency of installation place to be
10kHz~50kHz.Since the transmission line of alternation current to power to passive network is not generally too long, selected characteristic signal it is lasting when
Between be Δ t=5ms), the selection of the amplitude of characteristic signal takes into account power electronic devices, the tolerance of sensibility load, power and passes
Requirement (the m of defeated fluctuationNFor modulation ratio amplitude rated value, Δ m modulation ratio amplitude variable quantity limited in additional control Δ m <
1.0mN)。
Further, characteristic signal is propagated on overhead transmission line, and traveling wave is reflected back MMC in fault point or line boundary
Property judgment is realized by using travelling wave ranging formula protection philosophy in side, and when being judged as that failure persistently exists, route two sides are disconnected
Road device is not overlapped, and when being judged as failure vanishes, route two sides breaker is overlapped.
Further, subtracted each other using the digital quantity of current demand signal and the digital quantity of previous cycle, obtain traveling wave fault point
Amount selects quadratic spline wavelet to detect the catastrophe point in unusual value sequence, the modulus maximum point and transient state travelling wave of wavelet transformation
Catastrophe point be one-to-one;The amplitude of Wavelet Modulus Maxima indicates the change intensity of signal, and polarity indicates the change of signal
Change direction, so that the analysis to transient state travelling wave Singular Point is converted into the analysis to the modulus maximum of signal;Work as Injection Signal
Preceding traveling wave arrival time tf, back wave arrival time tbTotal track length required time t is propagated with traveling wavelMeet formula (1), then judges
It does not disappear for this section of line fault, on the contrary then be judged as failure vanishes:
tb-tf≤2tl (1)
In a cycle of characteristic signal, if judging, failure exists and judges that number is less than setting value nset, then continue to infuse
Enter characteristic signal;If judging, failure exists and judges that number is greater than nset, fault distance is calculated, system does not restart and terminates to judge;
If judging, failure is not present, and reinjects characteristic signal auxiliary judgment, if subsequent be once judged to failure vanishes, system reboot,
It is switched to normal control strategy, otherwise continues to inject characteristic signal.
Compared with the existing technology, the invention has the following advantages:
The modularization multi-level converter (modular multilevel converter, MMC) powered to passive network
Because it provides new thinking with flexible control characteristic quickly for adaptive reclosing, therefore the present invention proposes active probe formula
Adaptive reclosing, under parallel lines on same tower more loop lines topology, there are mutual inductance between loop line, it is single-phase the adaptive reclosing of three-phase have
A possibility that realization;The MMC-HVDC to power to passive network proposed by the invention exchanges adaptive reclosing method, with
AC system based on overhead line realizes adaptive reclosing, and compared with passively detection method, this method does not depend on recovery
The electric characteristics such as voltage, secondary arc and shunt reactor electric current, therefore can realize repeatedly independent differentiation, it improves nature of trouble and sentences
Other reliability, the present invention are applicable not only to single loop line/more loop lines single-pole reclosing, and in the more loop line topologys of parallel lines on same tower
Under, there are mutual inductance between loop line, it is single-phase the adaptive reclosing of three-phase have a possibility that realization, improve power supply reliability and contracting
Short unnecessary power off time.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the MMC-HVDC system topological powered to passive network;
Fig. 2 is AC fault property method of discrimination schematic diagram;Wherein Fig. 2 (a) is the topology of single-pole reclosing, and Fig. 2 (b) divides
Not Wei more loop line three_phase reclosings topology;
Fig. 3 is receiving end converter station additional control strategy schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the faulted phase voltage waveform after the different amplitude Characteristics signals of injection;Wherein Fig. 4 (a) is Δ m=0.6p.u
When, the simulation waveform of faulted phase voltage;When Fig. 4 (b) is Δ m=1.0p.u, the simulation waveform of faulted phase voltage;
Fig. 5 is voltage traveling wave fault component and its modulus maximum after injection characteristic signal;Wherein Fig. 5 (a) is single-phase tripping
Voltage traveling wave fault component and its modulus maximum after injection characteristic signal afterwards, Fig. 5 (b) are after injecting characteristic signal after three-phase trips
Voltage traveling wave fault component and its modulus maximum;
Fig. 6 is the faulted phase voltage and its partial enlargement simulation result of transient fault;Wherein Fig. 6 (a) is faulty line
Characteristic signal is injected, Fig. 6 (b) is fault component, and Fig. 6 (c) is the modulus maximum of wavelet transformation;
Fig. 7 is adaptive reclosing simulation waveform;Wherein Fig. 7 (a) is ac bus voltage, and Fig. 7 (b) is failure mutually electricity
Flow ia, Fig. 7 (c) is faulted phase voltage ua, Fig. 7 (d) is DC voltage, and Fig. 7 (e) is DC current, and Fig. 7 (f) is DC side function
Rate.
Specific embodiment
The MMC-HVDC of opposite passive network power supply exchanges adaptive reclosing method and further illustrates with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Adaptive reclosing is exchanged using the MMC-HVDC to power to passive network the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of
Method, it is intended to improve passive network reliability and enhancing electrical stability, reduce unnecessary power off time.The present invention is in exchange frame
After ceases to be busy fault trip, by design MMC additional control strategy realize to ac bus inject characteristic signal, due to exchange phase
There is coupling between loop line, failure phase loop line by inductance characteristics component;Secondly failure is realized using small echo quadratic spline difference approach
Property differentiates, realizes adaptive reclosing, and the invention is to the power supply reliability and anti-interference ability for exchanging overhead transmission line
Promotion is of great significance.
The MMC-HVDC transmission system powered to passive system corresponding with Fig. 1 is established in PSCAD software, the present invention mentions
The principle of adaptive reclosing method out is as shown in Fig. 2, using fault clearance strategy and additional control plan as shown in Figure 3
Slightly, AC system voltage is 145kV, and line length 150km, passive load is constant power load model 150MW, route PSCAD
Frequency variable parameter model in software, route positive and negative order parameter z1=z2=0.03433+j0.4188 Ω/km, Zero sequence parameter z0=
Line fault occurs for 0.2912+j1.1566 Ω/km, passive AC system, and protection measurements are in the AC line close to converter station side
At way outlet.
The MMC-HVDC to power to passive network exchanges adaptive reclosing method, comprising:
Step 1, since the transmission line of alternation current to power to passive network is not generally too long (150km), traveling wave is perfecting line
Road, which is turned back, penetrates the time as 1ms, chooses additional policy of the invention and continues Δ t=5ms, since the additional control duration is short, electricity
Power electronic device is not subject to heavy current impact;
Step 2, before being overlapped after alternating current circuit single-phase fault/multi-circuit lines on the same tower three-phase fault tripping with breaker
In interval, the alternating voltage grade powered to passive network is low, and the arc extinction time is short, to escape the influence that electric arc interferes, therefore
Characteristic signal is injected through fixed delay 0.3s after barrier, makes to be able to achieve characteristic signal injection by additional control;
Step 3, after the starting of additional control strategy, being turned back to penetrate by traveling wave judges failure presence or absence.In data processing,
Digital quantity using the digital quantity and previous cycle of current demand signal subtracts each other, and obtains traveling wave fault component, and the present invention selects secondary
Spline wavelets detect the catastrophe point in unusual value sequence, modulus maximum point (the wavelet transform of wavelet transformation
Modulus maxima, WTMM) it with the catastrophe point of transient state travelling wave is one-to-one.The amplitude of Wavelet Modulus Maxima indicates signal
Change intensity, polarity indicate signal change direction, to be converted into the analysis of transient state travelling wave Singular Point to letter
Number modulus maximum analysis (present invention mainly utilizes amplitude criterion).The traveling wave arrival time t before Injection Signalf, back wave
Arrival time tbTotal track length required time t is propagated with traveling wavelMeet formula (1), is then judged as that this section of line fault does not disappear, instead
Be then judged as failure vanishes.
tb-tf≤2tl (1)
In a cycle of characteristic signal, if judging, failure exists and judges that number is less than nset, then continue to inject feature
Signal;If judging, failure exists and judges that number is greater than nset, fault distance is calculated, system does not restart and terminates to judge;If judgement
Failure is not present, and reinjects characteristic signal auxiliary judgment, if subsequent be once judged to failure vanishes, system reboot is switched to
Otherwise normal control strategy continues to inject characteristic signal.
Simulating, verifying:
Still electromagnetic transient simulation is carried out with the MMC-HVDC transmission system powered shown in Fig. 1 to passive system to calculate to verify
It is proposed by the present invention to utilize the performance that adaptive reclosing method is exchanged to passive network power supply MMC-HVDC.
Firstly, verifying inverter injects the feasibility of characteristic signal by additional control strategy to AC fault route, when
When single phase metal ground fault occurs for route 75km, from converter station to phase/loop line injected pulse signal is perfected, failure phase is (with A
For phase) corresponding characteristic component will be coupled, as Δ m=0.6p.u, shown in the simulation waveform of faulted phase voltage such as Fig. 4 (a),
Injected pulse signal is fairly obvious in faulty line traveling wave propagation characteristic;As Δ m=1.0p.u, the emulation wave of faulted phase voltage
Shape is shown as shown in Figure 4 (b), is compared by Fig. 4 (a) and Fig. 4 (b) it is found that changing injected pulse amplitude, the amplitude of failure phase character signal
Follow change.
Secondly, the accuracy of verifying wavelet algorithm.Fig. 5 give after single-phase tripping and three-phase tripping after failure phase (with A phase
For) voltage failure component Δ ua, the modulus maximum of scale one after being converted with quadratic spline wavelet, fault distance 90km,
Transition resistance is respectively 0.01 Ω and 50 Ω.It can be seen from the figure that as transition resistance increases, whether single-phase tripping or
Failure phase after three-phase fault tripping, anti-travelling waves are still obvious, and quadratic spline wavelet can accurately identify anti-traveling wave, number
It is usually no more than 5ms according to window length, and judges the time for Millisecond.
The present invention provide transient fault Injection Signal feature and wavelet transformation as a result, when the alternating current circuit t=0.8s
Generation A phase transient fault at 75km, t=0.82s tripping failure phase two sides AC circuit breaker, after constant time lag 0.3s, t=
1.1s switches additional control strategy, injects characteristic signal, as shown in Fig. 6 (a), fault component such as Fig. 6 (b) institute to faulty line
Show, first injection wave head is precipitous and has enough intensity, shown in the modulus maximum of wavelet transformation such as Fig. 6 (c), according to quadratic spline
Wavelet algorithm calculating knows that Injection Signal reflects at line end bus, and reflection polarity is identical as injection wave polarity, sentences
Break as failure vanishes.
Through different faults distance and transition resistance RfaultWhen permanent fault occurs, gained is calculated by quadratic spline wavelet
Fault distance, as shown in table 1, wherein f1And f3The fault distance calculated under single-phase fault and three-phase fault is respectively represented, benefit
Realize the calculating error of travelling wave ranging within a sampling interval with wavelet transformation.
1 permanent failure judgement result of table
The emulation of quick self-adapted reclosing is finally provided, when alternating current circuit is after A phase ground fault occurs for t=0.8s, t=
0.82s tripping failure phase two sides AC circuit breaker, t=1.1s is believed from MMC to sound phase injection feature after 0.3s constant time lag
Number, after being judged as transient fault, again to route injection characteristic signal reliably to judge nature of trouble.Implant operation twice
Between be divided into 50ms, it is main to consider total track length and injection the traveling wave factors such as propagation attenuation on the transmission line, subsequent t=1.2s
It is overlapped two sides breaker and restores power transmission.After ac bus voltage is it is found that additional control exits twice as shown in Fig. 7 (a),
The adjusting of conventional controller can make system be restored to the operating point of normal operation, and regulating time is shorter, and additional control is held
The continuous time is short (Millisecond), does not influence to exchange the normal power transmission in side;Fig. 7 (b) and Fig. 7 (c) is respectively faulted phase current ia
With voltage ua, Fig. 7 (d) and Fig. 7 (e) are DC voltage and electric current, and due to failure phase tripping, power transmission is reduced, DC current
It reduces, and converter station is when exchange unbalanced fault, for DC side there are second harmonic, DC side power such as Fig. 7 (f) is shown, attached
The fluctuation for adding control strategy to transmit dc power is very small.
It is proposed by the present invention reliably to differentiate event to the adaptive reclosing method of passive network power supply MMC-HVDC exchange
Hinder property and fault distance, realizes quickly restarting for transient fault.