CN109255165A - A method of improving helical antenna bandwidth - Google Patents
A method of improving helical antenna bandwidth Download PDFInfo
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- CN109255165A CN109255165A CN201810970996.7A CN201810970996A CN109255165A CN 109255165 A CN109255165 A CN 109255165A CN 201810970996 A CN201810970996 A CN 201810970996A CN 109255165 A CN109255165 A CN 109255165A
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- spiral line
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/362—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith for broadside radiating helical antennas
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Abstract
The present invention relates to helical antenna technical fields, disclose a kind of method for improving helical antenna bandwidth.It specifically includes following procedure: step 1, two frequencies is selected between helical antenna operating frequency range, helical antenna is divided into three sections according to Frequency point, and increase by the 4th section spiral line in helical antenna tail portion；Step 2, the parameter of helical antenna is calculated, the parameter includes each section of diameter, screw pitch, spiral number of turns and alternation diameter；Step 3, the parameter that full-wave simulation adjusts helical antenna is carried out.Technical solution of the present invention makes in identical operating frequency range, better than performances such as, gains than the standing wave of existing Spiral antenna designs scheme, axis, and bandwidth of operation is much larger than traditional design method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to helical antenna technical field, especially a kind of method for improving helical antenna bandwidth.
Background technique
Helical antenna, that is, axial mode helical antenna, when referring to that screw diameter D is about 0.25~0.46 times of wavelength, greatest irradiation side
To the axis along helix, radiation field is circular polarisation, and input impedance is approximately the antenna of pure resistance.It is preferable generally for obtaining
Antenna performance, screw diameter D, screw pitch S and the spiral number of turns N of helical antenna need to meet stringent relationship with operation wavelength λ, and
The frequency range that three relationships can be met simultaneously is relatively narrow, so High performance spiral antenna can only operate in very narrow frequency range, in order to open up
The working band of wide High performance spiral antenna, can be straight with the related geometric parameter of alternation helical antenna, such as screw pitch S, helix
Diameter D etc..
In existing Spiral antenna designs method, to broaden Antenna Operation bandwidth, alternation helix screw pitch S and spiral linear diameter
D, but the screw pitch S of helix and spiral linear diameter D changing pattern only have one kind in entire antenna, i.e. and N circle is spiral yarn shaped at frustum
Taper be certain value, this method is limited to High performance spiral Antenna Operation frequency range broadening effect, can not achieve broader work
Make bandwidth.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: in view of the above problems, providing a kind of raising helical antenna
The method of bandwidth.
The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of method for improving helical antenna bandwidth, specifically includes following procedure:
Step 1, two frequencies are selected between helical antenna operating frequency range, and helical antenna is divided into three sections according to Frequency point,
And increase by the 4th section spiral line in helical antenna tail portion；Step 2, the parameter of helical antenna is calculated, the parameter includes each section
Diameter, screw pitch, spiral number of turns and alternation diameter；Step 3, the parameter that full-wave simulation adjusts helical antenna is carried out.
Further, in the step 1, the working frequency of helical antenna is fL~fH, in fL~fHBetween select two frequencies
Rate point f1、f2, then fL~f1, f1~f2And f2~fHThree frequency bands corresponding first section spiral line, the second section spiral line, third section
Helix, first section spiral line, the second section spiral line, third section spiral line and the 4th helix are sequentially connected end to end.
Further, the detailed process of the step 2 are as follows: step 21, according to Frequency point fL, f1、f2And fH, use diameterFormula calculates the corresponding four diameter D of Frequency point1、D2、D2、D4, wherein λ is the corresponding wavelength of Frequency point；Step 22,
According to screw pitch S=π D × tan α, wherein α is the lift angle (5 °~16 ° of value) of screw pitch, calculates the first section spiral line, second
Screw pitch S1, S2 and the S3 of section spiral line, third section spiral line；Step 23, it is required according to antenna gain and axial length L limits,
By L=S1N1+S2N2+S3N3+S4N4Calculate the spiral number of turns N of the first section spiral line, the second section spiral line, third section spiral line1,
N2And N3, first section spiral line, the second section spiral line, third section spiral line spiral number of turns N1,N2And N3It need to meet and be greater than
Condition equal to 2, wherein the 4th section spiral line N4It is 2；Step 24, according toWherein { 1,2,3,4 } i ∈,
D5The diameter at the not connected end of the 4th section spiral line (is less than D4, can be required according to helix mechanical erection is fixed, take lesser value),
Calculate the diameter alternation Δ D of the first section spiral line, the second section spiral line, third section spiral line, the 4th section spiral line1, Δ D2, Δ
D3, Δ D4。
Compared with prior art, by adopting the above technical scheme have the beneficial effect that technical solution of the present invention, make identical work
Better than performances such as, gains than the standing wave of existing Spiral antenna designs scheme, axis within the scope of working frequency, bandwidth of operation is much larger than
Traditional design method.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of high-performance broadband column helical antenna helix of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of high-performance broadband column helical antenna standing wave simulation curve of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is schematic diagram of the high-performance broadband column helical antenna axis of the present invention than simulation curve.
Fig. 4 is high-performance broadband column helical antenna Direction Pattern Simulation curve of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawing.
A method of improve helical antenna bandwidth, be the structural schematic diagram of helical antenna as shown in Figure 1, specifically include with
Lower process:
Step 1, two frequencies are selected between helical antenna operating frequency range, are divided helical antenna according to Frequency point
It is three sections, and increases by the 4th section spiral line in helical antenna tail portion；
The working frequency of the helical antenna of the present embodiment is 1GHz~1.7GHz, and two are selected between 1GHz~1.7GHz
Frequency point 1.2GHz, 1.45GHz, then tri- 1GHz~1.2GHz, 1.2GHz~1.45GHz, 1.45GHz~1.7GHz frequency bands
Corresponding first section spiral line, the second section spiral line, third section spiral line, first section spiral line, the second section spiral line, third
Section spiral line and the 4th helix are sequentially connected end to end.
Step 2, the parameter of helical antenna is calculated, the parameter includes each section of diameter, screw pitch, spiral number of turns and alternation
Diameter；
Wherein, the detailed process of the step 2 are as follows: step 21, according to Frequency point 1GHz, 1.2GHz, 1.45GHz and
1.7GHz uses diameterFormula calculates the corresponding four diameter D of Frequency point1、D2、D3、D4, wherein λ is corresponding for Frequency point
Wavelength；Step 22, according to screw pitch S=π D × tan α, the first section spiral line, the second section spiral line, third section spiral line are calculated
Screw pitch S1, S2 and S3, the screw pitch S4 of the 4th section spiral line is known quantity according to selected actual conditions；Step 23, according to day
Line gain requirement and axial length L limitation, by L=S1N1+S2N2+S3N3+S4N4Calculate the first section spiral line, the second section spiral line,
The spiral number of turns N of third section spiral line1,N2And N3, first section spiral line, the second section spiral line, third section spiral line spiral shell
Volution number N1,N2And N3The condition more than or equal to 2 need to be met, wherein the 4th section spiral line N4It is 2；Step 24, according toWherein { 1,2,3,4 } i ∈, D5The diameter at the not connected end of the 4th section spiral line, is known quantity, calculates first
Section spiral line, the second section spiral line, third section spiral line, the 4th section spiral line diameter alternation Δ D1, Δ D2, Δ D3, Δ D4。
Parameter occurrence such as the following table 1.
Table 1
| Frequency f | Alternation helix | D | S | N | ΔD |
| 1GHz | First segment | 95.5 | 31.5 | 3 | 1.5 |
| 1.2GHz | Second segment | 79.6 | 26.3 | 6 | 1.2 |
| 1.45GHz | Third section | 65.9 | 21.7 | 9 | 1 |
| 1.7GHz | 4th section | 56.2 | 18.5 | 2 | 6 |
Spiral line model is established with 1 geometric parameter of table, as shown in Figure 1, helix maximum gauge is 95.5mm, total length
For 485mm.
Step 3, the parameter that full-wave simulation adjusts helical antenna is carried out.
Antenna radiation performance is calculated using full-wave electromagnetic simulation software, geometric parameter is finely adjusted according to simulation result,
Antenna standing wave curve such as Fig. 2 is obtained, for full frequency band standing wave less than 1.38, axis is less than 0.72dB than curve such as Fig. 3, full frequency band axis ratio,
Directional diagram is as shown in figure 4, gain is greater than 12.2dBi.
The invention is not limited to specific embodiments above-mentioned.The present invention, which expands to, any in the present specification to be disclosed
New feature or any new combination, and disclose any new method or process the step of or any new combination.If this
Field technical staff is altered or modified not departing from the unsubstantiality that spirit of the invention is done, should belong to power of the present invention
The claimed range of benefit.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method for improving helical antenna bandwidth, which is characterized in that specifically include following procedure: step 1, in helical antenna
Two frequencies are selected between operating frequency range, helical antenna are divided into three sections according to Frequency point, and in helical antenna tail portion
Increase by the 4th section spiral line；Step 2, the parameter of helical antenna is calculated, the parameter includes each section of diameter, screw pitch, spiral
Enclose number and alternation diameter；Step 3, the parameter that full-wave simulation adjusts helical antenna is carried out.
2. improving the method for helical antenna bandwidth as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 1, helical antenna
Working frequency be fL~fH, in fL~fHBetween select two Frequency point f1、f2, then fL~f1, f1~f2And f2~fHThree frequencies
Rate section correspond to the first section spiral line, the second section spiral line, third section spiral line, first section spiral line, the second section spiral line,
Third section spiral line and the 4th helix are sequentially connected end to end.
3. improving the method for helical antenna bandwidth as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the detailed process of the step 2
Are as follows: step 21, according to Frequency point fL, f1、f2And fH, use diameterFormula calculates the corresponding four diameter D of Frequency point1、
D2、D3、D4, wherein λ is the corresponding wavelength of Frequency point；Step 22, according to screw pitch S=π D × tan α, wherein α is screw pitch
Lift angle calculates screw pitch S1, S2 and the S3 of the first section spiral line, the second section spiral line, third section spiral line；Step 23, according to day
Line gain requirement and axial length L limitation, by L=S1N1+S2N2+S3N3+S4N4Calculate the first section spiral line, the second section spiral line,
The spiral number of turns N of third section spiral line1,N2And N3, first section spiral line, the second section spiral line, third section spiral line spiral shell
Volution number N1,N2And N3The condition more than or equal to 2 need to be met, wherein the 4th section spiral line N4It is 2；Step 24, according toWherein { 1,2,3,4 } i ∈, D5The diameter at the not connected end of the 4th section spiral line, the first section spiral line of calculating,
Second section spiral line, third section spiral line, the 4th section spiral line diameter alternation Δ D1, Δ D2, Δ D3, Δ D4。
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| US5986620A (en) * | 1996-07-31 | 1999-11-16 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Dual-band coupled segment helical antenna |
| CN1239595A (en) * | 1996-10-04 | 1999-12-22 | 艾利森电话股份有限公司 | Multi-band non-uniform helical antennas |
| CN102856647A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2013-01-02 | 中国航天科技集团公司第五研究院第五一三研究所 | Method for adjusting direction of elevation angle of radiation pattern of S-band helical antenna |
| CN103943949A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-07-23 | 上海交通大学 | Fractal miniaturization method for axial mode cylinder helical antenna |
| CN104852126A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-08-19 | 上海航空机械有限公司 | High-efficiency broadband miniaturized conical spiral antenna |
| CN106910987A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-06-30 | 北京机电工程研究所 | A kind of helical antenna |
-
2018
- 2018-08-24 CN CN201810970996.7A patent/CN109255165B/en active Active
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5986620A (en) * | 1996-07-31 | 1999-11-16 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Dual-band coupled segment helical antenna |
| CN1239595A (en) * | 1996-10-04 | 1999-12-22 | 艾利森电话股份有限公司 | Multi-band non-uniform helical antennas |
| US6112102A (en) * | 1996-10-04 | 2000-08-29 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson | Multi-band non-uniform helical antennas |
| CN102856647A (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2013-01-02 | 中国航天科技集团公司第五研究院第五一三研究所 | Method for adjusting direction of elevation angle of radiation pattern of S-band helical antenna |
| CN103943949A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-07-23 | 上海交通大学 | Fractal miniaturization method for axial mode cylinder helical antenna |
| CN104852126A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-08-19 | 上海航空机械有限公司 | High-efficiency broadband miniaturized conical spiral antenna |
| CN106910987A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-06-30 | 北京机电工程研究所 | A kind of helical antenna |
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| HISAMATSU NAKANO 等: "A Wideband Circularly Polarized Conical Beam From a Two-Arm Spiral Antenna Excited in Phase", 《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION 》 * |
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