CN109253856A - A kind of different structure wall surface drag reduction test device based under varying environment - Google Patents
A kind of different structure wall surface drag reduction test device based under varying environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN109253856A CN109253856A CN201811149086.9A CN201811149086A CN109253856A CN 109253856 A CN109253856 A CN 109253856A CN 201811149086 A CN201811149086 A CN 201811149086A CN 109253856 A CN109253856 A CN 109253856A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 204
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011553 magnetic fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000251730 Chondrichthyes Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009972 noncorrosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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Abstract
A kind of different structure wall surface drag reduction test device based under varying environment, the device includes power transmission device, water supply device, tests exemplar test device and auxiliary device, tests exemplar test device is set in the rotation axis of power transmission device, it includes jet stream wall surface test device and Non-smooth surface wall surface test device, water supply device provides medium water for the tests exemplar test device, auxiliary device is used to support and fixes power transmission device, water supply device and the tests exemplar test device for providing support platform.Test device of the invention is compact-sized, it is cheap, convenient for loading and unloading, have underwater environment jet stream wall surface tests exemplar and non-smooth walls face tests exemplar and the test function based on the non-smooth walls face tests exemplar under water-less environment, and can adapt to different fluid test.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fluid resistance test device, specifically a kind of different structure based under varying environment
Wall surface drag reduction test device.
Background technique
With industry such as the essential automobile of national development, aviation and ship transportations, occupied always in energy consumption
It is high not under.However as the continuous popularization of the theories such as the increasingly in short supply of the energy, and green, energy-saving and environmental protection, how effectively, just
Energy consumption is reduced promptly causes the great interest of people.Currently, one of most efficient method is exactly to reduce resistance.Study table
Bright, the drag overall of submarine navigation device is mainly since the stickiness of fluid acts on, by this since stickiness effect is referred to as stickiness resistance
Power.Wherein frictional resistance is the direct exercising result of viscosity of fluid, is occupied in the overall resistances such as steamer, submarine, aircraft very big
Ratio is even as high as 70%.Therefore the resistance encountered in navigation how is reduced also just at the key of research, this problem
It is the hot spot studied now.
Research in relation to drag reduction technology has been carried out in succession in the 1930s, but until middle 1960s, grinds
Study carefully and focus primarily upon reduction surface roughness, is substantially based on the smaller traditional thinking mode of the more smooth resistance in surface.With imitative
The raw continuous development learned, is constantly found, wherein bionical jet stream wall surface drag reduction skill by the drag reduction technology that animal cuticle topography inspires
Art and Non-smooth surface wall surface drag reduction technology are the gill portion jet function and its cuticle topography inspired in shark respectively.When people are to various
It when drag reduction technology is studied, inevitably needs by means of the resistance measurements device such as water hole, wind-tunnel and sink, but these are filled
Set it is with high costs, take up a large area, due to complicated for operation, not easy to disassemble, experimentation cost is high etc., in drag reduction testing experiment
Cause inconvenience.
Summary of the invention
The problems such as big, at high cost, cumbersome, experimentation cost is high for the land occupation of existing fluid resistance test device, this
Invention proposes that a kind of different structure wall surface drag reduction test device based under varying environment, specific technical solution are as follows:
A kind of different structure wall surface drag reduction test device based under varying environment, which is characterized in that the device includes dynamic
Power transmission apparatus, water supply device, tests exemplar test device and auxiliary device, the tests exemplar test device are set in
In the rotation axis of the power transmission device comprising jet stream wall surface test device and Non-smooth surface wall surface test device, it is described
Water supply device provide medium water for the tests exemplar test device, the auxiliary device for providing support platform,
It is used to support and fixes power transmission device, water supply device and the tests exemplar test device.
Further, the power transmission device include first motor, it is the first torque signal coupler, line shaft, close
Sealed tube device, tests exemplar support frame, output shaft, the second torque signal coupler, the output shaft of the first motor and institute
The one end for the first torque signal coupler stated is fixedly connected, the other end of the first torque signal coupler and described
One end of line shaft is fixedly connected, and the line shaft passes through an end of the sealing drum device, tests exemplar support frame
Face, and the tests exemplar support frame is located in the sealing drum device, the axis of the output shaft is moved with described
Power axis, the first motor output shaft axis collinear, one end of the output shaft sequentially passes through the test sample
Part support frame, sealing drum device, the other end are fixedly connected with the second torque signal coupler；
The top of the sealing drum device opens up water inlet, exhaust outlet, and bottom end and side offer water outlet, described
Tests exemplar support frame be also it is cylindric, offer hole in upper end, lower end, left side and right side.
Further, the water supply device include the second motor, pump, the first water inlet pipe, the second water inlet pipe, pressure gauge,
Flowmeter, the first ball valve, the first outlet pipe, the second outlet pipe, the second ball valve, third ball valve, sink, second motor with
The pump is connected, and one end of first water inlet pipe and the second water inlet pipe is connected to the water inlet of the pump and goes out
The mouth of a river, the other end of first water inlet pipe protrude into the sink, the pressure gauge, flowmeter and the first ball valve according to
It is secondary to be mounted on second water inlet pipe, the other end of second water inlet pipe and the sealing drum device top into
Mouth of a river connection, one end of first outlet pipe and the second outlet pipe bottom end, side with the sealing drum device respectively
Water outlet connection, the other end protrudes into the sink, while installing the second ball valve on first outlet pipe,
Third ball valve is installed on second outlet pipe.
Further, the jet stream wall surface test device is to be set in the shape of the tests exemplar support frame periphery
For the jet stream wall surface tests exemplar of cylinder, the jet stream wall surface tests exemplar is circumferentially uniformly provided with several jet streams with axial
Hole；
The Non-smooth surface wall surface test device includes side non-smooth walls face tests exemplar and cover board pressing device, described
Non-smooth walls face tests exemplar be the cover board with Non-smooth surface wall surface, the cover board is located at the tests exemplar support frame
Right side and the sealing drum device right end medial surface between, be set on the output shaft, and can be along axial direction
Sliding, the diameter of the non-smooth walls face tests exemplar are greater than the distribution of the aperture of the tests exemplar support frame right side
Diameter；The cover board pressing device includes right end fixed lid, cut spring hook, diaphragm spring, interior steel wire support circle, outer steel wire
Support ring, rivet, thrust bearing, thrust bolt and thrust bearing support, the fixed lid are fixed on the tests exemplar
On the right side of support frame, and its middle part is also set on the output shaft, the non-smooth walls face tests exemplar, separation
Carbine, diaphragm spring, interior steel wire support circle and outer steel wire support circle are respectively positioned on inside it, and the right end of the fixed lid opens up
There is through-hole, the diaphragm spring is the cone shaped spring piece for having certain taper, central part to be uniformly provided with multiple radial slots,
It is set on the output shaft by the hole that middle part opens up, and left end is connected to the non-smooth walls face tests exemplar
On right side, the radial slot that the rivet passes through the diaphragm spring is fixed on the through-hole of the fixed lid, described
Interior steel wire support circle and outer steel wire support snare are distributed in the two sides of the diaphragm spring, institute on multiple rivets
The cut spring hook stated is fixed on the non-smooth walls face tests exemplar end face, and right end has a loop-hook, and described
Non-smooth walls face tests exemplar resist the outer end of the diaphragm spring together, the left side of the thrust bearing support with
The right end of the diaphragm spring contacts, and in the thrust bearing support inner hole, described stops the thrust shaft bearing sleeve
Thrust bearing support right end covers at the left side annular protrusion of the right end cap, and thrust bolt described in two passes through described
Right end cap is contacted with the thrust bearing support.
Further, the auxiliary device includes test platform, the first support, torque signal coupler support, idler wheel
Platform, the second support, the first floor, the second floor, water inlet pipe support frame, postive stop baffle, first support, idler wheel are flat
Platform, the second support, the first floor are each attached on the test platform, the first motor and the coupling of the first torque signal
Device is each attached on first support, and the sealing drum device is supported on first floor, and described second
Torque signal coupler is fixed on the torque signal coupler support, and the torque signal coupler support is fixed on
In the wheel platform, two guide rails are offered on the test platform, the wheel platform can be before two guide rails
After slide；The right end of the sealing drum device is supported on second floor, and the pump and the second motor are fixed on
On second support, the fixed support in the water inlet pipe support frame upper end second water inlet pipe, lower end is fixed on institute
On the test platform stated, the postive stop baffle is located at one end of the guide rail, fixes with the test platform.
Further, the output shaft is hollow shaft.
Further, the sealing drum device is made of left end cap, sealing drum and right end cap, the left end cap and the right side
End cap is respectively used to abut the tests exemplar support frame and described towards annular protrusion is provided on the end face of sealing drum
Cover board pressing device.
Further, the sealing drum device by between left end cap and the tests exemplar support frame, it is described close
Non-smooth walls face tests exemplar and the fixation between the right end cap of sealed tube device and the cover board pressing device, described
Sealing between lid inner end is all made of magnetic fluid sealing structure.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
Test device of the invention is small in size, it is compact-sized it is simple, it is required it is at low cost, easy to operate, experimental performance is strong, no
By surrounding test environmental restrictions and bydrofoil test boat exemplar is facilitated to load and unload, can satisfy every test requirements document during test,
Have a wide range of application, suitable for the test of Non-smooth surface wall surface and the test of different structure wall surface under varying environment；In pressing device
Diaphragm spring plays the role of compressing and separate, and keeps structure simpler compact, the selection of hollow shaft prevents resonance, makes to survey
The precision for measuring torque improves.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the main view of test device of the invention；
Fig. 2 is tests exemplar test device structure chart；
Fig. 3 is roller structure figure；
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of diaphragm spring；
Fig. 5 is magnetic fluid sealing structure figure；
Fig. 6 is the cover board pressing device schematic enlarged-scale view in Fig. 2；
Fig. 7 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of cut spring hook 47-2；
In figure, first motor 1, first shaft coupling 2, the first torque signal coupler 3, second shaft coupling 4, sealing drum device
5, third shaft coupling 6, the second torque signal coupler 7, the first ball valve 8, flowmeter 9, keyway plate 10, torque signal coupler branch
Seat 11, water inlet pipe support frame 12, wheel platform 13, postive stop baffle 14, guide rail 15, pressure gauge 16, the second water inlet pipe 17, pump 18,
4th shaft coupling 19, the second motor 20, the second support 21, sink 22, the first water inlet pipe 23, the first outlet pipe 24, the second water outlet
Pipe 25, third ball valve 26, the second ball valve 27, idler wheel 28, the second floor 29, the first floor 30, test platform 31, the first support
32, line shaft 33, left bearing lid 34, left connecting cylinder 35, end cover 36, fixed cylinder 37, left end cap 38, sealing drum 39, jet stream
Wall surface tests exemplar 40, tests exemplar support frame 41, hydraulically smooth surface pressing plate 42, anti-blocking bolt 43, non-smooth walls face tests exemplar
44, right end cap 45, device for sealing magnetic fluid 46, circlip for hole 46-1, permanent magnet 46-2, pole shoe 46-3, adjustment gasket
46-4, cover board pressing device 47, fixed lid 47-1, cut spring hook 47-2, diaphragm spring 47-3, interior steel wire support circle 47-4,
Outer steel wire support circle 47-5, rivet 47-6, thrust bearing 47-7, thrust bolt 47-8, thrust bearing support 47-9, right connecting cylinder
48, right bearing lid 49, output shaft 50, locking nut 51.
Specific embodiment
Below according to attached drawing and preferred embodiment the present invention is described in detail, the objects and effects of the present invention will become brighter
White, below in conjunction with drawings and examples, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that described herein specific
Embodiment is only used to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
As shown in figs. 1-7, a kind of different structure wall surface drag reduction test device based under varying environment, which is characterized in that
The device includes power transmission device, water supply device, tests exemplar test device and auxiliary device, and the tests exemplar is surveyed
Trial assembly, which is set, to be set in the rotation axis of the power transmission device comprising jet stream wall surface test device and Non-smooth surface wall surface are surveyed
Trial assembly is set, and the water supply device provides medium water for the tests exemplar test device, and the auxiliary device is for mentioning
For support platform, power transmission device, water supply device and the tests exemplar test device are used to support and fixed.
Power transmission device includes first motor 1, first shaft coupling 2, the first torque signal coupler combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2,
3, second shaft coupling 4, line shaft 33, left bearing lid 34, left connecting cylinder 35, end cover 36, fixed cylinder 37, sealing drum device 5,
Tests exemplar support frame 41, output shaft 50, third shaft coupling 6, the second torque signal coupler 7, the output shaft of first motor 1 with
One end of first torque signal coupler 3 is fixedly connected by first shaft coupling 2, the other end of the first torque signal coupler 3
It is fixedly connected with one end of line shaft 33 by second shaft coupling 4, line shaft 33 passes through left bearing lid 34, left connecting cylinder 35, close
One end face of sealed tube device 5, end cover 36, tests exemplar support frame 41, and the nut 51 that is locked is locked at tests exemplar
On the inner wall of support frame 41.The axis collinear of the axis of output shaft 50 and line shaft 33, the output shaft of first motor 1, output
One end of axis 50 sequentially passes through tests exemplar support frame 41, sealing drum device 5, right connecting cylinder 48, right bearing lid 49, and the other end is logical
Third shaft coupling 6 is crossed to be fixedly connected with the second torque signal coupler 7.
The rotation of first motor 1 drives line shaft 33 to rotate, and line shaft 33 drives tests exemplar branch by locking nut and key
Jet stream wall surface tests exemplar 40 on support 41 rotates, and the first torque signal coupler 3 is the dynamic for measuring jet stream wall surface
Torque.
Water supply device includes the second motor 20, the 4th shaft coupling 19, the 18, first water inlet pipe 23 of pump, the second water inlet pipe 17, pressure
Power meter 16, flowmeter 9, the first ball valve 8, the first outlet pipe 24, the second outlet pipe 25, the second ball valve 27, third ball valve 26, sink
22, the second motor 20 is connected with pump 18 by the 4th shaft coupling 19, one end difference of the first water inlet pipe 23 and the second water inlet pipe 17
The inlet and outlet of pump 18 are connected to, the other end of the first water inlet pipe 23 protrudes into sink 22, pressure gauge 16, flowmeter 9
It is sequentially arranged on the second water inlet pipe 17 with the first ball valve 8, the other end of the second water inlet pipe 17 and the water inlet on 39 top of sealing drum
One end of mouth connection, the first outlet pipe 24 and the second outlet pipe 25 connects with the water outlet of the bottom end of sealing drum 39, side respectively
It connects, the other end protrudes into sink 22, while the second ball valve 27 is installed on the first outlet pipe 24, pacifies on the second outlet pipe 25
Third ball valve 26 is filled, draining when the second outlet pipe 25 is mainly used for measuring resistance to jet stream wall surface tests exemplar 40 is finally passed through
Sink 22, the first outlet pipe 24 are used to drain in time when off-test, prevent etching part.
Sealing drum device 5 is made of left end cap 38, sealing drum 39 and right end cap 45, and left end cap 38 and right end cap 45 are towards close
It is provided with annular protrusion on the end face of sealed tube 39, is respectively used to abut tests exemplar support frame 41 and cover board pressing device 47.
The top of sealing drum 39 opens up water inlet, exhaust outlet, and bottom end and side offer water outlet, anti-blocking spiral shell are provided on exhaust outlet
Bolt 43, for observing water level and deflation, when on-test, screws on anti-blocking bolt 43；Tests exemplar support frame 41 is located at sealing wound packages
In setting comprising the cylinder of right-end openings and the hydraulically smooth surface pressing plate 42 being fixed in the right-end openings of cylinder, in left end
Face and right side offer hole, and in the circumferential direction of cylinder, begin with through-hole at interval of 90 °.
Jet stream wall surface test device be set in 41 periphery of tests exemplar support frame shape be cylinder jet stream wall surface examination
Exemplar 40 is tested, jet stream wall surface tests exemplar 40 is circumferentially uniformly provided with several jet holes with axial, when the jet hole and test
Jet stream can be realized to when corresponding in the circular hole of 41 periphery of exemplar support frame；
Non-smooth surface wall surface test device includes side non-smooth walls face tests exemplar 44 and cover board pressing device 47, Non-smooth surface
Wall surface tests exemplar 44 is the cover board with Non-smooth surface wall surface, and non-smooth walls face tests exemplar 44 is located at tests exemplar support frame 41
Hydraulically smooth surface pressing plate 42 right side and sealing drum device right end medial surface between, be set on output shaft 50, and can
It slides axially, is opened altogether on 42 end face of hydraulically smooth surface pressing plate there are five through-hole, at the center of circle one, 50 one end of output shaft can be made logical
Enter, when preventing from compressing, non-smooth walls face tests exemplar 44 falls off from output shaft 50, and in addition through-hole uniformly divides around the center of circle everywhere
Cloth is mainly used for water flowing, when carrying out based on underwater Non-smooth surface wall surface test, medium water can from this everywhere through-hole flow into
Hydraulically smooth surface pressing plate 42, to be contacted with non-smooth walls face tests exemplar 41.The diameter of non-smooth walls face tests exemplar 44 is greater than
The distribution diameter of the aperture of hydraulically smooth surface pressing plate 42；As shown in fig. 6, cover board pressing device includes the fixed lid 47-1 of right end, separation
Carbine 47-2, diaphragm spring 47-3, interior steel wire support circle 47-4, outer steel wire support circle 47-5, rivet 47-6, thrust bearing
47-7, thrust bolt 47-8 and thrust bearing support 47-9, fixed lid 47-1 are fixed on the right side of tests exemplar support frame 41
On, and its middle part is also set on output shaft 50, non-smooth walls face tests exemplar 44, cut spring hook 47-2, diaphragm spring 47-
3, interior steel wire support circle 47-4 and outer steel wire support circle 47-5 are respectively positioned on inside it, and the right end of fixed lid 47-1 offers through-hole,
As shown in figure 4, diaphragm spring 47-3 is the cone shaped spring for having certain taper, central part to be uniformly provided with multiple radial slots
Piece, in the case where its inner end does not have power effect, shape is arch, and diaphragm spring 47-3 has the function of compressing and separate, and is passed through
The hole that middle part opens up is set on output shaft 50, and left end is connected on the right side of non-smooth walls face tests exemplar 44, rivet
47-6 is fixed on the through-hole of fixed lid 47-1, interior steel wire support circle 47-4 and outer steel wire branch across the radial slot of diaphragm spring 47-3
It holds circle 47-5 to cover on multiple rivet 47-6, is distributed in the two sides of diaphragm spring 47-3, cut spring hook 47-2 is fixed on non-light
On 44 end face of slide wall face tests exemplar, right end has a loop-hook, resists diaphragm together with non-smooth walls face tests exemplar 44
The outer end of spring 47-3, the structure of cut spring hook 47-2 is as shown in Fig. 7.When there is no external force, by non-smooth walls face tests exemplar
41 1 end faces are compressed along 50 direction of output shaft and hydraulically smooth surface pressing plate 42, when having external force, pass through rivet 47-6 and diaphragm
Spring 47-3 forms leverage, and the non-smooth walls face tests exemplar 44 is retracted original place.Thrust bearing support 47-9's
Left side is contacted with the right end of diaphragm spring 47-3, and thrust bearing 47-7 covers in thrust bearing support 47-9 inner hole, thrust shaft
It holds support 47-9 right end to cover at the left side annular protrusion of right end cap 45, two thrust bolt 47-8 pass through right end cap 45 and institute
The thrust bearing support 47-9 contact stated.
Auxiliary device includes test platform 31, the first support 32, torque signal coupler support 11, wheel platform 13,
Two supports 21, the first floor 30, the second floor 29, idler wheel 28, water inlet pipe support frame 12, postive stop baffle 14, guide rail 15, it is described
First support 32, wheel platform 13, the second support 21, the first floor 30 are each attached on test platform 31, first motor 1 and
One torque signal coupler 3 is each attached on the first support 32, and sealing drum 39 is supported on the first floor 30, the second torque letter
The other end and keyway plate 10 of number coupler 7 are affixed, and keyway plate 10 is bolted on torque signal coupler support 11,
Torque signal coupler support 11 is fixed in wheel platform 13.Second torque signal coupler 7 is mainly for Non-smooth surface wall surface
When test, the static torque signal that non-smooth walls face tests exemplar 44 passes to output shaft 50 is received.
Right end cap 45 is supported on the second floor 29, and pump 18 and the second motor 20 are fixed on the second support 21, water inlet pipe
The second water inlet pipe 23 of the fixed support in 12 upper end of support frame, lower end are fixed on the test platform 31, and postive stop baffle 14 is located at
One end of the guide rail 15, it is fixed with test platform 31.As shown in figure 3, fixed idler whell guide rail 15 on test platform 31, rolling
Wheel guide rail 15 has twice groove, and idler wheel 28 is placed in groove, and the upper end is bolt, across the through-hole of wheel platform 13, handling examination
When testing exemplar, the nut of 28 upper end of idler wheel is unscrewed, by pressing force that wheel platform 13 and rolling wheel guide rails 15 is fixed, idler wheel is led
Postive stop baffle 14 is fixed on experiment porch 31 by one end of rail 15 by bolt, nut and spring shim, prevents test incident
Occur.
Output shaft 50 is hollow shaft, and hollow shaft is in the case where transmitting same torque condition, critical speed with higher, can be to prevent
Only during high speed rotation, because resonance causes the high vibration of output shaft, stabilization when output shaft transmitting torque is improved
Property, reduce uncertain, raising test accuracy.
Sealing drum device by between left end cap 38 and tests exemplar support frame 41, the right end cap 45 and cover board of sealing drum device
Sealing between pressing device 47, between non-smooth walls face tests exemplar 44 and the fixed lid inner end 47-1 is all made of magnet fluid sealing
Structure 46.
As shown in figure 5, magnetic fluid sealing structure 46 include pole shoe 46-3, permanent magnet 46-2, circlip for hole 46-1,
Adjust gasket 46-4 and magnetic fluid, in the fixed through-hole of permanent magnet 46-2, two pole shoe 46-3 are arranged on permanent magnet 46-2 two
Side, and magnetic fluid sealing structure 46 leads to magnetic fluid and forms ring packing gap, and circlip for hole 46-1 is embedded in pole shoe 46-3
It on outer wall, prevents from leaking between pole shoe 46-3 and installation through-hole, adjustment gasket 46-4 is put on the inner wall of pole shoe 46-3, is used for
Adjust the position of magnetic fluid sealing structure 46.46 advantage of magnetic fluid sealing structure:, it can be achieved that zero leakage in reasonable pressure；It should
Structure is non-contacting, so will not influence the accuracy decline problem of torque.
The working principle of test device is: main medium of the present invention is water, is also applied for other non-corrosive liquid and is situated between
Matter.When testing the non-smooth walls face tests exemplar under water-less environment, first by the first ball on the second water inlet pipe 17
Valve 8 is closed, and the first outlet pipe 24 and the second ball valve 27, third ball valve 26 on the second outlet pipe 25 are opened, and guarantees internal nothing
Water twists the thrust bolt on right end cap 45 outward, and non-smooth walls face tests exemplar 44 is under the pressing force of diaphragm spring 47-3
It is in close contact with hydraulically smooth surface pressing plate 42, opens first motor 1 at this time, line shaft 33 and hydraulically smooth surface pressing plate 42 is driven to revolve
Turn, hydraulically smooth surface pressing plate 42 and non-smooth walls face tests exemplar 44 are in close contact, and are delivered torque to output shaft 50, are passed through second
Torque signal coupler 7 can measure static torque.
Replacement non-smooth walls face tests exemplar: first unscrewing the nut on roller structure, then unscrew the bolt on right end cap 45,
Right end cap 45, output shaft 50 and the second torque signal coupler 7 are moved right by roller structure, until suitable position
When, the nut on roller structure is tightened, prevents from moving, then unscrews the nut and cut spring hook 47-2 on fixed lid 47-1
With the bolt between non-smooth walls face tests exemplar 44, non-smooth walls face tests exemplar 44 is unloaded, when installation non-smooth walls interview
When testing exemplar, first cut spring hook 47-2 and the bolt of non-smooth walls face tests exemplar 44 are tightened, then directly and diaphragm spring
47-3 contact screws on the bolt on fixed lid 47-1, the nut on roller structure is unscrewed, is moved back to original place again, by right end cap
Bolt on 45 is screwed on, and the nut on roller structure is finally tightened, and completes replacement Non-smooth surface wall surface.
When testing the non-smooth walls face tests exemplar under water environment, it is first turned on the second water inlet pipe 17
First ball valve 8 closes the first outlet pipe 24 and the second ball valve 27, third ball valve 26 on the second outlet pipe 25, opens sealing drum
Sink 22 is filled water by the anti-blocking bolt 43 of 39 upper ends, is injected water into sealing drum 39 by pump 18 and the second water inlet pipe 17,
Sealing drum 39 is covered with dampening, and air can be discharged by gas vent, anti-blocking bolt 43 is screwed on when water covers threaded hole, closed simultaneously
Pump 18 is closed, stops supplying water, then twist thrust bolt outward, compression of the non-smooth walls face tests exemplar 44 in diaphragm spring 47-3
It is in close contact under power with hydraulically smooth surface pressing plate 42, opens first motor 1 at this time, drive line shaft 33 and hydraulically smooth surface pressing plate 42
Rotation, hydraulically smooth surface pressing plate 42 and non-smooth walls face tests exemplar 44 are in close contact, and deliver torque to output shaft 50, by the
Two torque signal couplers 7 can measure static torque.
When testing jet stream wall surface tests exemplar, the first ball valve 8 being first turned on the second water inlet pipe 17, respectively
The second ball valve 27, the third ball valve 26 on the first outlet pipe 24 and the second outlet pipe 25 are closed, the anti-of 39 upper end of sealing drum is opened
Stifled bolt 43, fills water for sink 22, is injected water into sealing drum 39, is covered with dampening close by pump 18 and the second water inlet pipe 17
Sealed tube 39, air can be discharged by gas vent, screw on anti-blocking bolt 43 when water covers threaded hole.It opens on left end cap 38 at this time
The second outlet pipe 25 third ball valve 26, the water in cylinder is mapped to exemplar support frame from the through-hole in jet stream wall surface tests exemplar 40
It inside 41, then from the second outlet pipe 25 back flows back into sink 22, completes jet process.At this point, first motor 1 is opened, by dynamic
Power axis 33 drives jet stream wall surface tests exemplar 40, can thus be surveyed by the first torque signal coupler 3 on line shaft 33
Obtain dynamic torque when jet stream.Then it rechanges Smooth wall surface tests exemplar and measures dynamic torque, comparison calculates drag reducing efficiency.To
To off-test, extra water prevents part impaired from the first outlet pipe 24 discharge of 39 lower section of sealing drum.
Replacement jet stream wall surface tests exemplar: the bolt on the nut and right end cap 45 on roller structure is first unscrewed, rolling is passed through
Wheel construction moves right right end cap 45, output shaft 50 and the second torque signal coupler 7, until tightened when suitable position
Nut on roller structure, prevents from moving, and then unscrews the nut on fixed lid 47-1, unloads hydraulically smooth surface pressing plate 42, then twist
Open locking nut 51 unloads tests exemplar support frame 41, then by fixed cylinder 37 and tests exemplar support frame 41 and with penetrate
Bolt between stream wall surface tests exemplar 40 is unscrewed, and jet stream wall surface tests exemplar 40 is unloaded, another wall surface is changed, and again will
Fixed cylinder 37 and tests exemplar support frame 41 and the bolt between wall surface are screwed on, and tests exemplar support frame 41 is filled again
It returns on line shaft 33, tightens locking nut 51, then the bolt between hydraulically smooth surface pressing plate 42 and fixed lid 47-1 is screwed on, unclamp
Nut on roller structure, is moved back to original place again, and the bolt on right end cap 42 is screwed on, and finally tightens the spiral shell on roller structure
Mother completes replacement jet stream wall surface.
The present invention is on the basis of structured non-smooth surface drag-reduction effect is assessed in realization, moreover it is possible to which realization has water and nothing
Experimental study under two kinds of environment of water, while can also realize and jet surface drag-reduction effect is assessed.Data are logical in test
The drag reducing efficiency for crossing the different wall surface tests exemplars in data collection system acquisition experimental rig, carries out data comparison, obtains difference
The drag-reduction effect of surface texture, to study the property of reduction drag of wall surface surface texture.
It will appreciated by the skilled person that being not used to limit the foregoing is merely the preferred embodiment of invention
System invention, although invention is described in detail referring to previous examples, for those skilled in the art, still
It can modify to the technical solution of aforementioned each case history or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.It is all
Within the spirit and principle of invention, modification, equivalent replacement for being made etc. be should be included within the protection scope of invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of different structure wall surface drag reduction test device based under varying environment, which is characterized in that the device includes power
Transmitting device, water supply device, tests exemplar test device and auxiliary device, the tests exemplar test device are set in institute
In the rotation axis for the power transmission device stated comprising jet stream wall surface test device and Non-smooth surface wall surface test device, it is described
Water supply device provides medium water for the tests exemplar test device, and the auxiliary device is used for providing support platform
Power transmission device, water supply device and tests exemplar test device described in supporting and fixing.
2. the different structure wall surface drag reduction test device according to claim 1 based under varying environment, which is characterized in that
The power transmission device includes first motor (1), the first torque signal coupler (3), line shaft (33), sealing wound packages
Set, tests exemplar support frame (41), output shaft (50), the second torque signal coupler (7), the first motor (1) it is defeated
Shaft is fixedly connected with one end of the first torque signal coupler (3), the first torque signal coupler (3)
The other end is fixedly connected with one end of the line shaft (33), the line shaft (33) pass through the sealing drum device,
One end face of tests exemplar support frame (41), and the tests exemplar support frame (41) is located at the sealing drum device
Interior, the axis of the output shaft (50) and the axis of the line shaft (33), the output shaft of the first motor (1) are total
Line, one end of the output shaft (50) sequentially pass through the tests exemplar support frame (41), sealing drum device, the other end with
The second torque signal coupler (7) is fixedly connected.
The top of the sealing drum device opens up water inlet, exhaust outlet, and bottom end and side offer water outlet, the examination
Testing exemplar support frame (41) also is cylindrical shape, offers hole in upper end, lower end, left side and right side.
3. the different structure wall surface drag reduction test device according to claim 2 based under varying environment, which is characterized in that
The water supply device includes the second motor (20), pump (18), the first water inlet pipe (23), the second water inlet pipe (17), pressure gauge
(16), flowmeter (9), the first ball valve (8), the first outlet pipe (24), the second outlet pipe (25), the second ball valve (27), third ball
Valve (26), sink (22), second motor (20) are connected with the pump (18), first water inlet pipe (23) and
One end of two water inlet pipes (17) is connected to the inlet and outlet of the pump (18), first water inlet pipe (23)
The other end protrude into the sink (22), the pressure gauge (16), flowmeter (9) and the first ball valve (8) are successively installed
On second water inlet pipe (17), the other end of second water inlet pipe (17) and the sealing drum device top
Water inlet connection, one end of first outlet pipe (24) and the second outlet pipe (25) respectively with the sealing drum device
The water outlet connection of bottom end, side, the other end protrude into the sink (22), while in first outlet pipe (24)
The second ball valve of upper installation (27) installs third ball valve (26) on second outlet pipe (25).
4. the different structure wall surface drag reduction test device according to claim 2 based under varying environment, which is characterized in that
The jet stream wall surface test device be set in described tests exemplar support frame (41) periphery shape be cylinder jet stream
Wall surface tests exemplar (40), the jet stream wall surface tests exemplar (40) are circumferentially uniformly provided with several jet holes with axial.
The Non-smooth surface wall surface test device includes side non-smooth walls face tests exemplar (44) and cover board pressing device (47),
The non-smooth walls face tests exemplar (44) is the cover board with Non-smooth surface wall surface, and the cover board (44) is located at the examination
It tests between the right side of exemplar support frame (41) and the medial surface of the right end of the sealing drum device, is set in the output
It on axis (50), and can slide axially, the diameter of the non-smooth walls face tests exemplar (44) is greater than the tests exemplar
The distribution diameter of the aperture of support frame (41) right side；The cover board pressing device includes the fixed lid (47-1) of right end, separation
Carbine (47-2), diaphragm spring (47-3), interior steel wire support circle (47-4), outer steel wire support circle (47-5), rivet (47-6),
Thrust bearing (47-7), thrust bolt (47-8) and thrust bearing support (47-9), the fixed lid (47-1) are fixed on institute
On the right side for the tests exemplar support frame (41) stated, and its middle part is also set on the output shaft (50), and described is non-
Hydraulically smooth surface tests exemplar (44), cut spring hook (47-2), diaphragm spring (47-3), interior steel wire support circle (47-4) and outer steel
Silk support ring (47-5) is respectively positioned on inside it, and the right end of the fixed lid (47-1) offers through-hole, the diaphragm spring
(47-3) is the cone shaped spring piece for having certain taper, central part to be uniformly provided with multiple radial slots, is opened up by middle part
Hole be set on the output shaft (50), left end is connected to the right side of the non-smooth walls face tests exemplar (44)
On, the radial slot that the rivet (47-6) passes through the diaphragm spring (47-3) is fixed on the fixed lid (47-1)
Through-hole, the interior steel wire support circle (47-4) and outer steel wire support circle (47-5) cover on multiple rivets (47-6),
The two sides of the diaphragm spring (47-3) are distributed in, the cut spring hook (47-2) is fixed on the Non-smooth surface wall surface
On tests exemplar (44) end face, right end has a loop-hook, resists together with the non-smooth walls face tests exemplar (44)
The outer end of the diaphragm spring (47-3), the left side of the thrust bearing support (47-9) and the diaphragm spring
The right end of (47-3) contacts, and the thrust bearing (47-7) covers in described thrust bearing support (47-9) inner hole, described
Thrust bearing support (47-9) right end cover at the left side annular protrusion of the right end cap (45), thrust described in two
Bolt (47-8) passes through the right end cap (45) and contacts with the thrust bearing support (47-9).
5. the different structure wall surface drag reduction test device according to claim 3 based under varying environment, which is characterized in that
The auxiliary device includes test platform (31), the first support (32), torque signal coupler support (11), wheel platform
(13), the second support (21), the first floor (30), the second floor (29), water inlet pipe support frame (12), postive stop baffle (14), institute
The first support (32), wheel platform (13), the second support (21), the first floor (30) stated are each attached to the test platform
(31) on, the first motor (1) and the first torque signal coupler (3) are each attached on first support (32),
The sealing drum device is supported on first floor (30), and the second torque signal coupler (7) is fixed on
On the torque signal coupler support (11), it is flat that the torque signal coupler support (11) is fixed on the idler wheel
On platform (13), two guide rails (15) are offered on the test platform (31), the wheel platform (13) can be led along two
Rail (15) slides back and forth；The right end of the sealing drum device is supported on second floor (29), the pump (18)
It is fixed on the second motor (20) on second support (21), the fixed support institute in water inlet pipe support frame (12) upper end
The second water inlet pipe (23) stated, lower end are fixed on the test platform (31), and the postive stop baffle (14) is located at described
Guide rail (15) one end, it is fixed with the test platform (31).
6. the different structure wall surface drag reduction test device according to claim 2 based under varying environment, which is characterized in that
The output shaft (50) is hollow shaft.
7. the different structure wall surface drag reduction test device according to claim 4 based under varying environment, which is characterized in that
The sealing drum device is made of left end cap (38), sealing drum (39) and right end cap (45), the left end cap (38) and the right side
End cap (45) is respectively used to abut the tests exemplar support towards annular protrusion is provided on the end face of sealing drum (39)
Frame (41) and the cover board pressing device (47).
8. the different structure wall surface drag reduction test device according to claim 7 based under varying environment, which is characterized in that
The sealing drum device by between left end cap (38) and the tests exemplar support frame (41), the sealing drum device
Non-smooth walls face tests exemplar (44) between right end cap (45) and the cover board pressing device (47), described is consolidated with described
Sealing between fixed lid inner end (47-1) is all made of magnetic fluid sealing structure (46).
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| CN110553816A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2019-12-10 | 中国计量大学 | Fluctuating wall resistance testing device based on fish swimming posture |
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