CN109253018A - The ignition method of double discharge mode plasma igniters with multianode structure - Google Patents
The ignition method of double discharge mode plasma igniters with multianode structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN109253018A CN109253018A CN201811257475.3A CN201811257475A CN109253018A CN 109253018 A CN109253018 A CN 109253018A CN 201811257475 A CN201811257475 A CN 201811257475A CN 109253018 A CN109253018 A CN 109253018A
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- anode
- becate
- long
- slot
- hollow
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P23/00—Other ignition
- F02P23/04—Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/2406—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/48—Generating plasma using an arc
Abstract
The ignition method of double discharge mode plasma igniters with multianode structure, belong to dynamic field, to solve the problems, such as that existing spark plug/ignitor can be applied on the engine of large space burning room, it is isolated between long anode and grounding electrode by anodized insulation positioning sleeve and dielectric barrier discharge occurs, arc discharge occurs between grounding electrode and long anode, the positioning ring of insulating positioning sleeve outputs short anode annular distance, long anode aperture, and the becate slot by forming the closed short anode of accommodating downwards below short anode annular distance with insulating materials, have between long anode and becate slot hollow, and first diameter value maintain section diameter value smaller radial value maintain section it is bigger so that grounding electrode and inner wall and becate slot outer wall between have it is hollow, it is hollow as the first ionization space between the hollow and long anode and becate slot, effect is using dielectric barrier discharge The mode of arc discharge combined discharge, can the lean flammability limit of nonequilibrium plasma is wide, reactivity is big.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to dynamic field, it is related to a kind of double discharge mode plasma igniters with multianode structure
Ignition method.
Background technique
Natural gas is used as engine fuel as a kind of clean energy resource extensively.In power train in vehicle application field, it is with CNG
The passenger car and load-carrying vehicle of fuel are increasing；In ship power field, CNG and LNG powered ship has become " made in China
Focus on research direction in 2025 " planning.Compared with gasoline, the natural gas as gaseous fuel needs bigger ignition energy,
This causes to be difficult with single spark ignitor natural gas the natural gas used for automobile engine of small cylinder diameter in actual use, because
This has to make engine work in such a way that gasoline ignites.Which results in system complex, costs to increase, under reliability
A series of problems, such as drop.Therefore, it is necessary to take novel ignition technology, using relatively simple structure, the height of natural gas is realized
Effect igniting and burning enable natural gas engine to stablize under single-fuel mode, reliable work.
Existing engine spark plug configuration is as shown in Figure 1, using thermal equilibrium plasma discharge principle, one in structure
As be made of a central electrode and the one or several lateral electrodes being closer with it.It is electric centered on ignition coil when work
Pole power supply, voltage are up to ten thousand volts of 1.5-2.Under action of high voltage between contre electrode and lateral electrode, gas is breakdown, at center
High temperature discharge channel is formed in small space between electrode and lateral electrode, igniting and burning start.
Often with very high temperature rise when existing spark-discharge, it is low and influence electrode to easily lead to ignition energy utilization rate
Service life；Ignition range is only located at the small space between central electrode and lateral electrode, applied to large bore engine or is not easy a little
When fuel (such as natural gas) of combustion, igniting less reliable is easily led to since ignition energy is too small.
Summary of the invention
To solve the problems, such as that existing spark plug/ignitor can be applied on the engine of large space burning room, and further solve
Ignition energy is small when certainly applying on natural gas engine, igniting poor reliability, the problems such as ignition energy utilization rate is low, and the present invention mentions
Following technical solution out: a kind of ignition method of double discharge mode plasma igniters with multianode structure, short anode
Individually powered with long anode by power supply, igniting starting, power supply powered with lower voltage so that short anode and grounding electrode it
Between dielectric barrier discharge occurred by isolation, and, be isolated between long anode and grounding electrode by anodized insulation positioning sleeve and occurred
Dielectric barrier discharge generates nonequilibrium plasma in the first ionization space, and dielectric barrier discharge generates flow field disturbance to gas
And heating, ionized gas moves downwardly to the second ionization space, and supply voltage increases and only to long anode supply, so that
Arc discharge occurs between grounding electrode and long anode, the gaseous mixture in the second ionization space occurs to light a fire rapidly and burn
Reaction；The forming method of first ionization space, the second ionization space: the positioning ring of insulating positioning sleeve outputs short anode ring
Hole, long anode aperture, and the becate slot by forming the closed short anode of accommodating downwards below short anode annular distance with insulating materials, will
Short anode limiting is in becate slot, and the first diameter value that becate slot extends to the lower part maintains in section, and long anode is by long anode aperture
Run through and extend to outlet section, becate grooved ring between long anode, long anode and becate slot have it is hollow, and the first diameter value tie up
Hold section diameter value smaller radial value maintain section it is bigger so that grounding electrode and inner wall and becate slot outer wall between have it is hollow, should
Hollow as the first ionization space between hollow and long anode and becate slot, the second diameter value in lower part maintains section, the second diameter value
Gradually segment, the second ionization space of hollow formation between long anode and grounding electrode inner wall.
The utility model has the advantages that the present invention uses dielectric barrier discharge-arc discharge combined discharge mode, it can will be non-equilibrium etc.
The lean flammability limit of gas ions is wide, reactivity is big and the advantages such as the operating air pressure height of thermal equilibrium plasma combine, and reaches
To the purpose for realizing high energy, stable ignition within the scope of wide fuel air ratio.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 available engine spark plug typical structure diagram；
Fig. 2 igniter structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 igniter is applied to ignition control block diagram when internal combustion engine；
Fig. 4 igniter is applied to ignition control block diagram when other engines and burner.
1. short anode, 2. long anodes, 3. long anode fastening nuts, 4. insulating positioning sleeves, 5. grounding electrodes, 6. transition regions,
7. the first ionization space, 8. second ionization spaces, 9. first diameter values maintain section, 10. first diameter values gradually segment, 11. second diameter values
Maintain section, 12. second diameter values gradually segment, 13. locating flanges, 14. positioning rings, 15. becate slots.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: a kind of double discharge mode plasma igniters with multianode structure, program structure such as Fig. 2
It is shown, it is exhausted including a centrally located long anode 2, multiple 1, one, short anode anodes of grounding electrode 5, one positioned at surrounding
2 fastening nut of edge positioning sleeve 4 and one long anode；The long anode 2 is installed on igniter center, and it is exhausted to be fixed on anode
4 center of edge positioning sleeve；1 quantity of short anode is two or more, is arranged on the outside of long electrode in a ring and is mounted on sun
On pole insulating positioning sleeve 4；The grounding electrode 5 passes through the fixed short anode 1 of insulating positioning sleeve 4 and long anode 2；The long anode 2
Fastening nut is used to long anode 2 being fixed on insulating positioning sleeve 4.5 lower end of grounding electrode have one for install the grade from
The locating flange 13 of sub- igniter.As needed, which may also set up in other positions.
Embodiment 2: a kind of double discharge mode plasma igniters with multianode structure, including shell, long anode
2, short anode 1, anodized insulation positioning sleeve 4 and grounding electrode 5 are installed with grounding electrode 5 in shell, and grounding electrode 5, which encloses, connects shape
At the hollow cylinder of indent, it is divided into two, top includes that major diameter value maintains section, path value to maintain section, and lower part includes the first diameter
Value maintains section 9, the first diameter value, and gradually segment 10, the second diameter value maintain section 11, the second diameter value gradually segment 12, and major diameter value maintain section with
Path value maintains the connection between section to form horizontally ring wall by grounding electrode 5 due to diameter value quickly reduces, and the insulation is fixed
Position set 4 includes the positioning ring 14 that can be positioned with ring wall snapping, which outputs short 1 annular distance of anode, 2 aperture of long anode,
And the becate slot 15 by forming the closed short anode 1 of accommodating downwards below short 1 annular distance of anode with insulating materials, multiple short anodes 1
It is limited in becate slot 15, is separated between multiple short anodes 1 with dielectric, becate slot 15 extends to the first diameter value dimension of the lower part
It holds in section 9, long anode 2 is run through by long 2 aperture of anode and extended to outlet section, and becate slot 15 is around long anode 2, long anode
Between 2 and becate slot 15 have it is hollow, and the first diameter value maintain section 9 diameter value smaller radial value maintain section it is bigger so that grounding electrode
5 and inner wall and becate slot 15 outer wall between have hollow, hollow between the hollow and long anode 2 and becate slot 15 is used as first
Ionization space 7, the second diameter value in lower part maintain section 11, the second diameter value gradually segment 12, between 5 inner wall of long anode 2 and grounding electrode
The second ionization space of hollow formation 8.
The long anode 2 stretches out and extends to outlet section from long 2 aperture of anode, it is decrescence small in outlet section its diameter value and as
Outlet section forms tip.The part that the long anode 2 is located at 14 upper end of positioning ring has long 2 fastening nut of anode to be connected to
The upper surface of positioning ring 14.The second diameter value maintains the periphery of the grounding electrode 5 near section 11 to form installation bolt hole, and
The periphery installation locating flange 13 of bolt hole is installed.The long anode 2 is fastened onto the insulation by long 2 fastening nut of anode
The upper surface of positioning sleeve 4, and long pole is located at more central position, short anode 1 is that the center of circle is surrounded on long anode 2 with long anode 2,
The more central position is the central location of insulating positioning sleeve 4 and/or shell.The above-mentioned diameter value addressed refers to the diameter of cylinder
Or the value of radius.Above scheme, working gas are entered from igniter the lowermost entrance.It (is especially grounded relative to electrode
Electrode), temperature is just very high before discharge for working gas.Working gas is along the second ionization space-insulating space-the
When flowing up in one ionization space, the grounding electrode for touching low temperature has certain heat and passes to ground connection electricity from gas
Pole, this will lead to working gas temperature decline.In this way, when starting DBD electric discharge in the first ionization space, due to work gas body temperature
Degree decline, lead to that DBD discharges it is not perfect (because electric discharge can cause ionization reaction, gas temperature more high ionization reaction is easier,
It is more thorough), influence discharge effect.Therefore, the present invention take increase grounding electrode insulation set scheme, reduce working gas to
The heat loss of upper motion stage (insulation sleeve uses high score molecular material or ceramic material, unsuitable thermally conductive).Moreover, raw after electric discharge
At be active particle, will cause active particle quantity if flowing through metal wall surface and sharply reduce.Use increased grounding electrode
Insulation sleeve, it is nonconducting, so also having the function of protection activity particle.
The ignition method of igniter is as follows, and short anode is individually powered with long anode by power supply, igniting starting, power supply with
Lower voltage is powered so that dielectric barrier discharge occurs by being isolated between short anode and grounding electrode, and long anode and ground connection are electric
It is isolated between pole by anodized insulation positioning sleeve and dielectric barrier discharge occurs, generates non-equilibrium plasma in the first ionization space
Body, dielectric barrier discharge generate flow field disturbance and heating to gas, and ionized gas moves downwardly to the second ionization space,
Supply voltage increases and only to long anode supply, so that arc discharge occurs between grounding electrode and long anode, is located at the second electricity
Igniting and combustion reaction occurs rapidly from the gaseous mixture in space；
The forming method of first ionization space, the second ionization space: the positioning ring of insulating positioning sleeve outputs short anode
Annular distance, long anode aperture, and the becate slot by forming the closed short anode of accommodating downwards below short anode annular distance with insulating materials,
By short anode limiting in becate slot, the first diameter value that becate slot extends to the lower part is maintained in section, and long anode is opened by long anode
Hole is run through and is extended to outlet section, and becate grooved ring has hollow, and the first diameter value between long anode, long anode and becate slot
Maintain section diameter value smaller radial value maintain section it is bigger so that grounding electrode and inner wall and becate slot outer wall between have it is hollow,
Hollow as the first ionization space between the hollow and long anode and becate slot, the second diameter value in lower part maintains section, the second diameter
It is worth gradually segment, the second ionization space of hollow formation between long anode and grounding electrode inner wall.
Embodiment 3: this programme is related to igniter mainly by multiple short anodes positioned at surrounding, a centrally located long sun
Pole, a grounding electrode, an anodized insulation positioning sleeve and one long anode fastening nut composition.
Since igniter is connected with engine chamber, existing in the first ionization space and the second ionization space can
The air and fuel mixture of combustion.
When work, power supply is first short anode supply (such as: 10,000 volts or less) with lower voltage, this duration anode is obstructed
Electricity；At the lower voltage, between grounding electrode-anodized insulation positioning sleeve-short anode and long electrode (is equivalent to ground connection at this time
Electrode) dielectric barrier discharge occurs between-anodized insulation positioning sleeve-short anode, positioned at the first ionization space gas outside plus
It is ionized under electric field action, generates free electron and the nonequilibrium plasma with positive charge cation composition, chemistry is anti-
Answer active raising.Since voltage is lower at this time, arc discharge does not occur in the second ionization space.
Since dielectric barrier discharge also has flow field disturbance and heat effect to gas, ionized gas acts on herein
Under move downward, by transition region enter the second ionization space.
After entering the second ionization space with the nonequilibrium plasma compared with high reaction activity, supply voltage raising (such as:
Ten thousand volts of 1.5-2), short anodal opening, long anodal closure at this time.Electricity occurs between anode long under action of high voltage and grounding electrode
Arc discharge.Since the reactivity of gaseous mixture at this time has improved, igniting and combustion reaction occur rapidly.Flame will be with big
The form of volume flame torch is gone out from spout, into engine chamber, is ignited and is located at the indoor flammable air-fuel that burns
Gaseous mixture.
The control strategy of the program is:
(1) piston-mode motor (reciprocating or rotary piston)
Crankshaft position sensor judges crank position, if current crank angle does not arrive setting value, continues to judge；If having arrived
Setting value then instructs power supply output low pressure discharge by ECU.
After power supply is connected to electric discharge instruction, a certain lower voltage U is exported to short anode1, it is denoted as time t at this time1.At this point, short sun
Pole and grounding electrode discharge, and form dielectric barrier discharge in the first ionization space, the gas quilt in the first ionization space
It is ionized into nonequilibrium plasma.It is moved downward with that is, being ionized gas, enters the second electricity by insulating space through the Δ t time
From space.
In t1+ time Δt, low pressure discharge instruction terminate, short anodal opening.At this point, ECU refers to power supply output electrion
It enables, power supply exports a certain high voltage U to long anode2(U2>U1).At this point, long anode and grounding electrode discharge, in the second ionization
Arc discharge is formed in space, the nonequilibrium plasma in the second ionization space with very high reaction activity is ignited,
Combustion reaction starts.Flame goes out spout in the form of flame torch, enters main chamber.
ECU reads cylinder pressure sensor signal.If cylinder presses p to be greater than a certain setting value p1, then it is assumed that it lights a fire successfully, ECU continues
CRANK SENSOR is read, subsequent cycle igniting is carried out；If cylinder presses p to be less than p1, then it is assumed that loss of ignition, at this time ECU
To power source output command, with U2+ Δ U continues to read cylinder pressure signal to long anode discharge, until lighting a fire successfully；If working as
Discharge voltage increases to always setting value U3(U3>U2) when still judge loss of ignition, for guarantee ignitor safely terminate electric discharge,
This circulation is no longer lighted a fire.
(2) other engines and burner
ECU issues low pressure discharge instruction to power supply.After power supply is connected to electric discharge instruction, a certain lower voltage is exported to short anode
U1, it is denoted as time t at this time1.At this point, short anode and grounding electrode discharge, dielectric barrier discharge is formed in the first ionization space,
Gas in the first ionization space is ionized to nonequilibrium plasma.It is moved downward with that is, being ionized gas, through Δ t
Time enters the second ionization space by insulating space.
In t1+ time Δt, low pressure discharge instruction terminate, short anodal opening.At this point, ECU refers to power supply output electrion
It enables, power supply exports a certain high voltage U to long anode2(U2>U1).At this point, long anode and grounding electrode discharge, in the second ionization
Arc discharge is formed in space, the nonequilibrium plasma in the second ionization space with very high reaction activity is ignited,
Combustion reaction starts.Flame goes out spout in the form of flame torch, enters main chamber.
ECU reads temperature sensor signal, obtains burning room temperature T.If temperature T is greater than a certain setting value T1, then recognize
To light a fire successfully, electrion instruction immediately is terminated, and long anodal opening, ignition process terminates.If temperature T is less than T1, then it is assumed that
Loss of ignition, ECU is to power source output command at this time, with U2+ Δ U continues to read temperature signal to long anode discharge, until point
Until igneous function；If when discharge voltage increases to always setting value U3(U3>U2) when still judge loss of ignition, for guarantee ignition power
Extremely safety terminates electric discharge, and exports failure alarm signal.
The preferable specific embodiment of the above, only the invention, but the protection scope of the invention is not
It is confined to this, anyone skilled in the art is in the technical scope that the invention discloses, according to the present invention
The technical solution of creation and its inventive concept are subject to equivalent substitution or change, should all cover the invention protection scope it
It is interior.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of ignition method of double discharge mode plasma igniters with multianode structure, which is characterized in that short sun
Pole (1) is individually powered with long anode (2) by power supply, igniting starting, power supply with lower voltage power so that short anode (1) with
Dielectric barrier discharge is occurred by isolation between grounding electrode (5), and, it is exhausted by anode between long anode (2) and grounding electrode (5)
Edge positioning sleeve (4) is isolated and dielectric barrier discharge occurs, and generates nonequilibrium plasma, medium resistance in the first ionization space (7)
Gear electric discharge generates flow field disturbance and heating to gas, and ionized gas moves downwardly to the second ionization space (8), power supply electricity
Pressure is increased and is only powered to long anode (2), so that arc discharge occurs between grounding electrode (5) and long anode (2), is located at second
Igniting and combustion reaction occur rapidly for the gaseous mixture in ionization space (8)；
First ionization space (7), the second ionization space (8) forming method: the positioning ring (14) of insulating positioning sleeve (4) is opened
Short anode (1) annular distance, long anode (2) aperture out, and by forming downward closed appearance with insulating materials below short anode (1) annular distance
Short anode (1) is limited in becate slot (15) by the becate slot (15) for setting short anode (1), and becate slot (15) extends to the lower part
The first diameter value maintain section (9) in, long anode (2) is run through by long anode (2) aperture and is extended to outlet section, becate slot
(15) have around long anode (2), between long anode (2) and becate slot (15) it is hollow, and the diameter value of the first diameter value maintenance section (9) compared with
Path value maintain section bigger so that grounding electrode (5) and inner wall and becate slot (15) outer wall between with hollow, this is hollow
Hollow as the first ionization space (7) between long anode (2) and becate slot (15), the second diameter value in lower part maintains section
(11), the second diameter value gradually segment (12), the second ionization space of hollow formation between long anode (2) and grounding electrode (5) inner wall
(8)。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811257475.3A CN109253018A (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2018-10-26 | The ignition method of double discharge mode plasma igniters with multianode structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811257475.3A CN109253018A (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2018-10-26 | The ignition method of double discharge mode plasma igniters with multianode structure |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109253018A true CN109253018A (en) | 2019-01-22 |
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ID=65046282
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811257475.3A Withdrawn CN109253018A (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2018-10-26 | The ignition method of double discharge mode plasma igniters with multianode structure |
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| CN (1) | CN109253018A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111022192A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-17 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Multi-cathode sliding arc plasma igniter |
-
2018
- 2018-10-26 CN CN201811257475.3A patent/CN109253018A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111022192A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-04-17 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Multi-cathode sliding arc plasma igniter |
| CN111022192B (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2021-12-10 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Multi-cathode sliding arc plasma igniter |
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Application publication date: 20190122 |
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