CN109251748A - A kind of radioactive pollution soil conditioner and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of radioactive pollution soil conditioner and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109251748A CN109251748A CN201811254598.1A CN201811254598A CN109251748A CN 109251748 A CN109251748 A CN 109251748A CN 201811254598 A CN201811254598 A CN 201811254598A CN 109251748 A CN109251748 A CN 109251748A
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- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of radioactive pollution soil conditioners and preparation method thereof, belong to technical field of soil remediation.The present invention will react after the processing of montmorillonite sodium with intercalator, and obtained intercalation montmorillonite solution is reacted with sodium humate, soil conditioner is made.The present invention has good adsorption effect to radioactive element and heavy metal ion, can be widely used in the reparation of radioactive pollution soil and heavy-metal contaminated soil.Also, the present invention select raw material it is simple and easy to get, preparation process it is easy to operate, it can be achieved that conditioner industrialized production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of soil remediation, and in particular to a kind of radioactive pollution soil conditioner and its preparation side
Method.
Background technique
Radioactive pollution is current very important problem of environmental pollution, radiation different from the environmental pollution of other forms
Contact scar is not noticeable, but is easy to accumulate in vivo, thus generates deep and lasting influence, seriously affects the ecosystem
And human health.
Clay mineral large specific surface area, it is negatively charged, have strong absorption property, it can be achieved that absorption to metal cation,
In radioactive-waste disposal field, it is often used as the padded coaming for preventing radioactive element from migrating.Although single clay mineral
With absorption property, but it after adsorbing a certain amount of radioactive element or heavy metal ion, interlayer extension is limited, specific surface area
Reduce, absorption property reduces, and is unfavorable for using in seriously polluted area.And it is mostly that calcium base covers that China, which produces clay montmorillonite,
De- stone, absorption property are reported to the leadship after accomplishing a task, and limit the popularization and application of clay mineral disposition radioactive waste to a certain extent.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of radioactive pollution soil conditioners and preparation method thereof, to solve existing clay
Base soil conditioner repairs the ineffective problem of radioactive pollution soil.
The technical scheme to solve the above technical problems is that
A kind of preparation method of radioactive pollution soil conditioner will mix after the processing of montmorillonite sodium with intercalant solution
It closes, obtains intercalation montmorillonite solution, then sodium humate is added to the intercalation montmorillonite solution clock, soil conditioner is made.
Montmorillonite is carried out the specific surface area and dispersion performance that sodium processing improves montmorillonite by the present invention, is had excellent
Absorption property, and the montmorillonite after sodium is more advantageous to the progress of subsequent intercalation processing；The present invention is real by intercalator intercalation
The support between clay mineral crystal layer is showed, has guaranteed that montmorillonite its interlayer after Adsorption of Radioactive element and heavy metal ion extends
It is unaffected, it being capable of long-acting immobilization of radioactive element and heavy metal ion；In addition, the present invention passes through addition humic acid, it can
A large amount of heavy metal ion and moisture can be adsorbed by forming tridimensional network with montmorillonite, and easily be sent out with radioactive element
Raw complexing and chelatropic reaction, adsorb a large amount of radioactive elements, further enhance the absorption property of montmorillonite, and humic acid is used as certainly
The right already existing organic macromolecule in boundary not will cause secondary pollution, and the more artificial synthesized organic macromolecule of its price is just
Preferably, it can reduce the cured project cost of radioactive element.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, above-mentioned preparation method, comprising the following specific steps
(1) by montmorillonite and sodium chloride according to (9-12): perseverance of the deionized water at 55-65 DEG C is added in 1 mass ratio mixing
Stirring obtains sodium montmorillonite colloid to colloidal in tepidarium；
It (2) is the intercalant solution of 1-1.1% according to 1:(3.5-5 by the sodium montmorillonite colloid and mass fraction)
Mass ratio mixing, 60-70 DEG C, pH be 6-6.5 under conditions of react 22-26h, obtain intercalation montmorillonite solution；
(3) by the intercalation montmorillonite solution and sodium humate according to (2-4): 22-26h is reacted in 1 mass ratio mixing,
It is ground after drying, the soil conditioner is made.
The present invention carries out system condition control in intercalation under the weakly acidic condition of 6-6.5, so that more insert
Layer agent enters between montmorillonite crystal layer, further increases montmorillonite adsorption effect.
Further, in preferred embodiments of the present invention, above-mentioned intercalator is Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, 12
Alkyl trimethyl ammonium bromide or cetyl trimethylammonium bromide.Preferably Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide.
The radioactive pollution soil conditioner that above-mentioned preparation method is prepared.
Radioactive pollution soil conditioner of the invention includes sodium montmorillonite, the intercalator that mass fraction is 1-1.1%
Solution and sodium humate.
The invention has the following advantages:
Base material of the present invention using montmorillonite as conditioner, the absorption property having using montmorillonite itself is to radiation
Property element and heavy metal element adsorbed, compared with organic adsorption material, adsorption effect is secure, in combination with intercalator and
Humic acid improves the long-acting absorption property of montmorillonite, makes it possible to be widely used in radioactive pollution soil and heavy metal
The reparation of contaminated soil.Also, the present invention select raw material it is simple and easy to get, preparation process it is easy to operate, it can be achieved that conditioner work
Industry metaplasia produces.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the interaction schematic diagram of conditioner and radioactive element of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Principles and features of the present invention are described with reference to embodiments, the given examples are served only to explain the present invention,
It is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.The person that is not specified actual conditions in embodiment, according to normal conditions or manufacturer suggests
Condition carries out.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is the conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
Radioactive pollution soil conditioner of the invention is mainly made of three zones part.Wherein, clay mineral montmorillonite
As the substrate of conditioner, main function is fixed entire conditioner and adsorbed radioactive element, prevents absorption from radiating
Bulk migration occurs in Polluted Soil for the conditioner of property element；It is handled by sodium, montmorillonite is dispersed, be more advantageous to intercalation
Processing；Intercalator is mainly supported montmorillonite mineral crystal layer, is allowed to keep biggish interlamellar spacing, on the one hand can introduce
More humic acids, the adsorbable more radioactive element of another aspect.Meanwhile intercalator can pass through as a kind of macromolecular
A certain amount of radioactive element is adsorbed in complex reaction, improves the adsorption capacity of conditioner；Humic acid as organic macromolecule,
Organic hydrocarbon chain can make conditioner formed tridimensional network, in addition organic group thereon can with radioactive element occur complexing,
Chelatropic reaction greatly enhances conditioner to the adsorption capacity of radioactive element.Conditioner and radioactive element of the invention
Interaction schematic diagram as shown in Figure 1.
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1:
The preparation method of the radioactive pollution soil conditioner of the present embodiment, comprising the following specific steps
(1) montmorillonite and sodium chloride are mixed according to the mass ratio of 9:1, deionized water is added in 55 DEG C of water bath with thermostatic control
Stirring obtains sodium montmorillonite colloid to colloidal；The dosage of deionized water is preferably carried out according to the solid-liquid ratio of 12:1；In this hair
In bright other embodiments, it can also be advisable according to other ratios with can all dissolve material.
(2) by the sodium montmorillonite colloid and mass fraction be 1% intercalant solution according to 1:3.5 mass ratio
Mixing reacts 26h under conditions of 60 DEG C, PH are 6, obtains intercalation montmorillonite solution；
(3) the intercalation montmorillonite solution and sodium humate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 2:1,26h is reacted, after drying
Grinding, is made the soil conditioner.
Embodiment 2:
The preparation method of the radioactive pollution soil conditioner of the present embodiment, comprising the following specific steps
(1) montmorillonite and sodium chloride are mixed according to the mass ratio of 12:1, water bath with thermostatic control of the deionized water at 65 DEG C is added
Middle stirring obtains sodium montmorillonite colloid to colloidal；The dosage of deionized water is preferably carried out according to the solid-liquid ratio of 8:1；
(2) by the sodium montmorillonite colloid and mass fraction be 1.1% intercalant solution according to 1:5 mass ratio
Mixing reacts 22h under conditions of 70 DEG C, PH are 6.5, obtains intercalation montmorillonite solution；
(3) the intercalation montmorillonite solution and sodium humate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 4:1,22h is reacted, after drying
Grinding, is made the soil conditioner.
Embodiment 3:
The preparation method of the radioactive pollution soil conditioner of the present embodiment, comprising the following specific steps
(1) montmorillonite and sodium chloride are mixed according to the mass ratio of 10:1, water bath with thermostatic control of the deionized water at 60 DEG C is added
Middle stirring obtains sodium montmorillonite colloid to colloidal；The dosage of deionized water is preferably carried out according to the solid-liquid ratio of 10:1.
(2) by the sodium montmorillonite colloid and mass fraction be 1.05% intercalant solution according to 1:4 mass ratio
Mixing reacts for 24 hours under conditions of 65 DEG C, PH are 6.2, obtains intercalation montmorillonite solution；
(3) the intercalation montmorillonite solution and sodium humate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 3:1, is reacted for 24 hours, after drying
Grinding, is made the soil conditioner.
Test example
1, the radioactive pollution soil of earth's surface or less 0.5-1m native state is taken, radioactive element is uranium and caesium, basic object
Rationality matter index is shown in Table 1.
1 radioactive pollution soil matrix this physical property index of table
| Number | Moisture content | Density | Natural density | Dry density | Specific gravity | Void ratio | Liquid limit | Plastic limit | PH value |
| Polluted Soil 01 | 24.0% | 2.01 | 20.0 | 1.62 | 2.718 | 0.68 | 32.6 | 17.9 | 6.5 |
| Polluted Soil 02 | 24.2% | 1.96 | 19.2 | 1.58 | 2.740 | 0.74 | 39.4 | 21.1 | 6.7 |
2, conditioning of the invention is mixed according to the mass percentage of dry Polluted Soil 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%
Agent (is tested) by taking embodiment 3 as an example, while deionized water is added and is adjusted to 50% for water content of matter is mixed, and is carried out to mixture
After being sufficiently stirred, 7 days are stood, for testing.
3, it takes each sample 10g in closed polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) bottle respectively, deionization is added according to liquid-solid ratio 10:1 (L/kg)
Water covers bottle cap and is placed in oscillator and shakes 2h.
4, solid-liquid separation treatment is carried out to the solidliquid mixture after concussion using centrifuge, supernatant liquor is collected, for opening
Exhibition test.
5, the radioactive element for the supernatant liquor that test is collected, result are as follows:
Table 2 flies Fengshan plant area Polluted Soil 01
| Fixative incorporation | Radioactive element type | Concentration (mg/L) | Reduction ratio |
| 0% | Uranium | 0.0683 | / |
| 2% | Uranium | 0.0321 | 53.0% |
| 4% | Uranium | 0.0215 | 68.5% |
| 6% | Uranium | 0.0072 | 89.5% |
| 8% | Uranium | 0.0033 | 95.2% |
| 10% | Uranium | 0.0023 | 96.6% |
| 0% | Caesium | 0.0512 | / |
| 2% | Caesium | 0.0275 | 46.3% |
| 4% | Caesium | 0.0197 | 61.5% |
| 6% | Caesium | 0.0095 | 81.4% |
| 8% | Caesium | 0.0034 | 93.4% |
| 10% | Caesium | 0.0017 | 96.7% |
Table 3 flies Fengshan plant area Polluted Soil 02
| Fixative incorporation | Radioactive element type | Concentration (mg/L) | Reduction ratio |
| 0% | Uranium | 0.0133 | / |
| 2% | Uranium | 0.0062 | 53.4% |
| 4% | Uranium | 0.0042 | 68.4% |
| 6% | Uranium | 0.0022 | 83.5% |
| 8% | Uranium | 0.0012 | 91.0% |
| 10% | Uranium | 0.0009 | 93.2% |
| 0% | Caesium | 0.0109 | / |
| 2% | Caesium | 0.0067 | 38.5% |
| 4% | Caesium | 0.0039 | 64.2% |
| 6% | Caesium | 0.0015 | 86.2% |
| 8% | Caesium | 0.0009 | 91.7% |
| 10% | Caesium | 0.0006 | 94.5% |
From table 2 and table 3 as can be seen that two kinds of contaminated soils, be added to conditioner of the present invention compared to un-added,
Radioactive element concentration is substantially reduced, and as conditioner dosage constantly increases, and it is increasing to reduce ratio.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of preparation method of radioactive pollution soil conditioner, which is characterized in that by montmorillonite sodium processing after with intercalation
Agent solution mixing, obtains intercalation montmorillonite solution, then sodium humate is added into the intercalation montmorillonite solution, and soil tune is made
Manage agent.
2. the preparation method of radioactive pollution soil conditioner according to claim 1, which is characterized in that including following tool
Body step:
(1) by montmorillonite and sodium chloride according to (9-12): thermostatted water of the deionized water at 55-65 DEG C is added in 1 mass ratio mixing
Stirring obtains sodium montmorillonite colloid to colloidal in bath；
(2) by intercalant solution that the sodium montmorillonite colloid and mass fraction are 1-1.1% according to 1:(3.5-5) quality
Intercalation montmorillonite solution is obtained in 60-70 DEG C, pH to react 22-26h under conditions of 6-6.5 than mixing；
(3) by the intercalation montmorillonite solution and sodium humate according to (2-4): 22-26h, drying are reacted in 1 mass ratio mixing
After grind, the soil conditioner is made.
3. the preparation method of radioactive pollution soil conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that described to insert
Layer agent is Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide or cetyl trimethylammonium bromide.
4. the radioactive pollution soil conditioner that the described in any item preparation methods of claims 1 to 3 are prepared.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN112574754A (en) * | 2020-12-19 | 2021-03-30 | 四川大学 | Passivator for repairing heavy metal polluted farmland soil and application method |
| CN112808242A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-05-18 | 核工业西南勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Magnetic repairing agent and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113714270A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2021-11-30 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Remediation device and remediation method for soil radioactive element pollution |
| CN114712388A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-07-08 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院军事医学研究院 | Use of montmorillonite in preparation of medicine for reducing absorption of radioactive elements in human body |
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