CN109250775B - Drinking water quality safety monitoring system and treatment method thereof - Google Patents
Drinking water quality safety monitoring system and treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109250775B CN109250775B CN201811335383.2A CN201811335383A CN109250775B CN 109250775 B CN109250775 B CN 109250775B CN 201811335383 A CN201811335383 A CN 201811335383A CN 109250775 B CN109250775 B CN 109250775B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a drinking water quality safety monitoring system, which comprises a water plant regulation device and a water source regulation device; the water plant regulating and controlling device comprises a raw water quality toxicity on-line monitor, a water outlet quality toxicity on-line monitor and a water plant central control PC; the raw water quality toxicity on-line monitor and the outlet water quality toxicity on-line monitor are connected with a central control PC (personal computer) of the water plant through signal lines; the water source regulation and control device comprises a water source water quality toxicity on-line monitor and a water source central control PC (personal computer) which are arranged at a water quality control point of a drinking water source; the water source water quality toxicity on-line monitor is connected with a central control PC (personal computer) in a wireless communication type water source area; the water source central control PC is connected with the water plant central control PC in a wireless communication mode or a network communication mode. The invention also relates to a drinking water quality safety monitoring system realized by the device and a treatment method thereof, which can enable the water factory process to quickly respond to the sudden water pollution problem so as to ensure the safety of factory water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water quality detection, in particular to a drinking water quality safety monitoring system and a treatment method thereof.
Background
At present, the pollution forms of surface water and underground water are still severe, and besides conventional pollutants, toxic and harmful novel pollutants represented by drug residues, personal care products, endocrine disrupters, disinfection byproducts and the like are continuously detected in the drinking water source water body, so that serious threat is brought to drinking water safety. The safety of the drinking water is directly related to the personal interests of each resident, is a first thing for ensuring the health of people, and is one of the biggest civil problems.
Aiming at the problem of how to measure the water quality safety level, researchers develop various methods and instruments for monitoring the acute biotoxicity and the comprehensive biotoxicity in water, an online biotoxicity monitoring and early warning system and the like. Some economically developed areas are provided with biotoxicity monitoring equipment in water source areas successively, and part of drinking water plants with conditions are also provided with biotoxicity monitoring equipment at raw water quality monitoring points for detecting comprehensive biotoxicity levels in water. However, the data collected by the biotoxicity instrument lacks effective guidance on the actual operation strategy of the water plant, and the biotoxicity instrument does not play a real role in guaranteeing the water quality safety. How to combine biotoxicity monitoring equipment with the operation regulation of each process link of a water plant, so that the process of the water plant can quickly respond to the problem of sudden water pollution, the safety of the water leaving the factory is ensured, and a system effective method is not yet available.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a drinking water quality safety monitoring system aiming at the defects of the prior art. The invention aims to solve the other technical problem of a drinking water quality safety monitoring and treating method realized by the device.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are realized by the following technical proposal.
The invention provides a drinking water quality safety monitoring system, which is characterized in that: comprises a water plant regulating device and a water source regulating device;
the water plant regulating and controlling device comprises a raw water quality toxicity on-line monitor installed at a raw water quality control point of the water plant, a water outlet quality toxicity on-line monitor installed at a water outlet quality control point and a water plant central control PC; the raw water quality toxicity on-line monitor and the outlet water quality toxicity on-line monitor are connected with a central control PC (personal computer) of the water plant through signal lines;
the water source regulation and control device comprises a water source water quality toxicity on-line monitor and a water source central control PC (personal computer) which are arranged at a water quality control point of a drinking water source; the water source water quality toxicity on-line monitor is connected with a central control PC (personal computer) in a wireless communication type water source area;
the water source central control PC is connected with the water plant central control PC in a wireless communication mode or a network communication mode.
Preferably, the central control PC of the water plant is connected with the electromagnetic valve of the dosing mechanism of the water treatment device in the water plant through a signal wire.
Preferably, the water plant regulation and control device also comprises a water plant real-time on-line monitor arranged at the raw water quality control point and the outlet water quality control point, wherein the water plant real-time on-line monitor comprises a turbidity sensor, a permanganate index sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, a total phosphorus sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor and a pH sensor; the real-time on-line monitor of the water plant is connected with the central control PC of the water plant through a signal line.
Preferably, the water source regulation and control device further comprises a water source real-time on-line monitor at a water quality control point of the drinking water source, wherein the water source real-time on-line monitor comprises a turbidity sensor, a permanganate index sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, a total phosphorus sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor and a pH sensor; the water source real-time on-line monitor is connected with the water source central control PC through a signal line.
Preferably, the water quality safety monitoring system further comprises a PLC substation for controlling each water treatment device in a matched manner; each PLC substation is in communication connection with an optical fiber Ethernet ring network formed by a central control PC unit of a water plant.
Preferably, a portable water toxicity detector and other water quality index portable detection instruments are provided at each water treatment device point.
Preferably, the water source central control PC and the water plant central control PC are in communication connection with the supervisory upper computer in a wireless communication mode or a network communication mode, and the water quality on-line monitoring ground real-time data is transmitted to the supervisory upper computer.
The invention provides a method for monitoring and treating the water quality safety of drinking water, which uses the drinking water quality safety monitoring system according to any one of the technical proposal to monitor and treat, and comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) starting detection: starting a water source water quality toxicity on-line monitor, a raw water quality toxicity on-line monitor and a water outlet water quality toxicity on-line monitor, wherein the 3 water quality toxicity on-line monitors divide toxicity levels based on luminous intensity inhibition rate levels before and after luminous bacteria are exposed to a detected water sample, display water quality toxicity monitoring results on site and upload signals to a water plant central control PC (personal computer), and if the water quality monitoring results are toxic, the monitoring sites and the water plant central control PC carry out sound or sound-light alarm;
(2) Water plant response: dividing the treatment process operation of each water treatment device of the water plant into four-level response mechanisms of I, II, III and IV from low to high according to the detection results of the raw water quality toxicity on-line monitor and the water quality toxicity on-line analyzer of the raw water and the water quality of the water discharged by the water plant, and switching the raw water inlet of the water plant into an emergency standby water source or suspending production of the water plant if the detection results of the water quality toxicity of the factory water do not return to the set safety range after the process of the water plant starts the level II, the level III and the level IV responses;
(3) Water source response: uploading the detection result of the water source water quality toxicity on-line monitor at the water source water quality control point to the water source central control PC, and when the safety risk occurs to the water quality of the water source, sending a raw water quality safety risk early warning to the water plant central control PC; the central control PC of the water plant compares the water quality indexes of all water quality control points according to the early warning, and rapidly starts a four-level response mechanism of the raw water treatment process of the water plant; meanwhile, the pollution of the source water is confirmed to be caused by comparing the characteristic pollutants in the source water with the point source pollution in the area, and the pollution source is subjected to emission reduction or production stopping treatment.
Preferably, the toxicity judging method of the 3 water toxicity on-line monitors comprises the following steps: when the luminous intensity inhibition rate level of the luminous bacteria is below 10%, the water quality detection result is judged to be nontoxic; when the luminous intensity inhibition rate level is 10% -20%, the water quality detection result is judged to be toxic; when the luminous intensity inhibition rate level is more than 20%, judging that the water quality detection result is extremely toxic;
the I-level response mechanism means that the water quality detection results of raw water and factory water are nontoxic;
the II-level response mechanism means that the raw water detection result is toxic and the factory water detection result is nontoxic;
the III-level response mechanism means that the raw water detection result is nontoxic and the factory water detection result is toxic;
the IV-level response means that the quality detection results of raw water and factory water are toxic.
Preferably, (1) when the I-level response mechanism is started, the conventional treatment process and the advanced treatment process of the water treatment device of the water plant are operated according to design process parameters;
(2) When a II-level response mechanism is started, the conventional treatment process and the advanced treatment process of the water treatment device of the water plant are operated according to design process parameters, the pretreatment process is started again, the sampling and detection frequency of a water sample is improved, the toxicity of water entering and exiting each process section is detected by using a portable water quality toxicity detector, and emergency treatment measures are ready to be started at any time;
(3) When a III-level response mechanism is started, a water treatment device of a water plant starts pretreatment and emergency treatment measures, a proper amount of powdered activated carbon is added before leaving the water plant, the cleaning frequency of an activated carbon filter tank is improved while the conventional treatment process is enhanced, the filtering contact time of the activated carbon is prolonged, the sampling and detection frequency of a water sample is improved, a portable water quality toxicity detector is used for detecting the toxicity of water entering and exiting each process section, the ozone addition amount is increased and decreased properly according to the toxicity change condition of water quality after ozone contact oxidation until the water quality detection result of water outlet is nontoxic, and the response level is reduced to be I-level or II-level response;
(4) When the IV-level sound is started, the water inflow load of a water plant is reduced, pretreatment and emergency treatment measures are started, the conventional treatment process is enhanced, the ozone adding amount and the contact oxidation time of the advanced treatment process section are increased, the cleaning frequency of the activated carbon filter tank is increased, the activated carbon filtration contact time is prolonged, and the response level is reduced to be II-level or III-level response until the effluent quality detection result is nontoxic.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The in-plant water biotoxicity monitoring is combined with the treatment process operation strategy regulation and control, so that the guidance of biotoxicity monitoring on the actual operation working condition of the water plant is enhanced; (2) The drinking water quality safety barrier is constructed through the linkage of the in-plant and out-plant combined monitoring and early warning and the in-plant treatment process regulation and control; (3) The division of the water quality safety risk level and the establishment of a corresponding water plant process operation response mechanism can effectively shorten the emergency response time of the water plant and comprehensively improve the capability of the water plant to cope with sudden water quality problems.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the invention are described further below in order to facilitate a further understanding of the invention by those skilled in the art without limiting the scope of the claims thereto.
In the case of example 1,
a drinking water quality safety monitoring system comprises a water plant regulation device and a water source regulation device;
the water plant regulating and controlling device comprises a raw water quality toxicity on-line monitor installed at a raw water quality control point of the water plant, a water outlet quality toxicity on-line monitor installed at a water outlet quality control point and a water plant central control PC; the raw water quality toxicity on-line monitor and the outlet water quality toxicity on-line monitor are connected with a central control PC (personal computer) of the water plant through signal lines;
the water source regulation and control device comprises a water source water quality toxicity on-line monitor and a water source central control PC (personal computer) which are arranged at a water quality control point of a drinking water source; the water source water quality toxicity on-line monitor is connected with a central control PC (personal computer) in a wireless communication type water source area;
the water source central control PC is connected with the water plant central control PC in a wireless communication mode or a network communication mode.
In the case of example 2,
the water plant central control PC machine in the embodiment 1 is connected with an electromagnetic valve of a dosing mechanism of a water treatment device in the water plant through a signal wire.
In the case of example 3,
the water plant regulation and control device of the embodiment 1 further comprises a water plant real-time on-line monitor arranged at the raw water quality control point and the outlet water quality control point, wherein the water plant real-time on-line monitor comprises a turbidity sensor, a permanganate index sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, a total phosphorus sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor and a pH sensor; the real-time on-line monitor of the water plant is connected with the central control PC of the water plant through a signal line.
In the case of example 4,
the water source regulation and control device of the embodiment 1 further comprises a water source real-time on-line monitor at a water quality control point of the drinking water source, wherein the water source real-time on-line monitor comprises a turbidity sensor, a permanganate index sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, a total phosphorus sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor and a pH sensor; the water source real-time on-line monitor is connected with the water source central control PC through a signal line.
In example 5 the process was carried out,
the water quality safety monitoring system of any one of embodiments 1-4 further comprising a PLC substation configured to control each of the water treatment devices; each PLC substation is in communication connection with an optical fiber Ethernet ring network formed by a central control PC unit of a water plant; the PLC substation collects the raw water quality parameters and the outlet water quality parameters and then uploads the raw water quality parameters and the outlet water quality parameters to a central control PC (personal computer) of the water plant through the Ethernet.
In example 6 the process was carried out,
each water treatment apparatus point described in example 5 was equipped with a portable water quality toxicity detector and other water quality index portable detection instrument.
In example 7,
the water source central control PC and the water plant central control PC of any one of embodiments 1 to 4 are in communication connection with a supervisory host computer through a wireless communication mode or a network communication mode, and real-time data of the water quality on-line monitoring site is transmitted to the supervisory host computer.
In the case of example 8,
a method for monitoring and treating the water quality safety of drinking water by using the device according to any one of embodiments 1 to 7, wherein the method uses the system for monitoring and treating the water quality safety of drinking water according to any one of the above embodiments, and the steps are as follows:
(1) And (3) starting detection: starting a water source water quality toxicity on-line monitor, a raw water quality toxicity on-line monitor and a water outlet water quality toxicity on-line monitor, wherein the 3 water quality toxicity on-line monitors divide toxicity levels based on luminous intensity inhibition rate levels before and after luminous bacteria are exposed to a detected water sample, display water quality toxicity monitoring results on site and upload signals to a water plant central control PC (personal computer), and if the water quality monitoring results are toxic, the monitoring sites and the water plant central control PC carry out sound or sound-light alarm;
(2) Water plant response: dividing the treatment process operation of each water treatment device of the water plant into four-level response mechanisms of I, II, III and IV from low to high according to the detection results of the raw water quality toxicity on-line monitor and the water quality toxicity on-line analyzer of the raw water and the water quality of the water discharged by the water plant, and switching the raw water inlet of the water plant into an emergency standby water source or suspending production of the water plant if the detection results of the water quality toxicity of the factory water do not return to the set safety range after the process of the water plant starts the level II, the level III and the level IV responses;
(3) Water source response: uploading the detection result of the water source water quality toxicity on-line monitor at the water source water quality control point to the water source central control PC, and when the safety risk occurs to the water quality of the water source, sending a raw water quality safety risk early warning to the water plant central control PC; the central control PC of the water plant compares the water quality indexes of all water quality control points according to the early warning, and rapidly starts a four-level response mechanism of the raw water treatment process of the water plant; meanwhile, the pollution of the source water is confirmed to be caused by comparing the characteristic pollutants in the source water with the point source pollution in the area, and the pollution source is subjected to emission reduction or production stopping treatment.
In example 9 the process was carried out,
the toxicity judging method of the 3 water toxicity on-line monitors described in the embodiment 8 is as follows: when the luminous intensity inhibition rate level of the luminous bacteria is below 10%, the water quality detection result is judged to be nontoxic; when the luminous intensity inhibition rate level is 10% -20%, the water quality detection result is judged to be toxic; when the luminous intensity inhibition rate level is more than 20%, judging that the water quality detection result is extremely toxic;
the I-level response mechanism means that the water quality detection results of raw water and factory water are nontoxic;
the II-level response mechanism means that the raw water detection result is toxic and the factory water detection result is nontoxic;
the III-level response mechanism means that the raw water detection result is nontoxic and the factory water detection result is toxic;
the IV-level response means that the quality detection results of raw water and factory water are toxic.
The luminous bacteria are vibrio fischeri, vibrio qinghaiensis or luminous bacillus; the water quality toxicity monitor can start negative quality control, positive quality control and water sample detection according to a preset program or on-site operation of an administrator.
In the example 10 of the present invention,
the response mechanism described in embodiment 9 is as follows:
(1) When the I-level response mechanism is started, the conventional treatment process and the advanced treatment process of the water treatment device of the water plant are operated according to design process parameters; the conventional treatment process is that raw water enters a high-density sedimentation tank and a V-shaped filter tank after being preozonated (0.5-1.5 mg/L); the ozone adding amount of the pre-ozone process section is 0.5-1.5 mg/L, the adding amount of coagulant polyaluminium chloride and coagulant aid polyacrylamide of the high-density sedimentation tank unit is 30-50 mg/L and 0.08-0.2 mg/L respectively, the V-shaped filter tank is filled with thick and homogeneous quartz sand filter materials, and the filtering speed is 7-8 m/h; the advanced treatment process is that the effluent of the V-shaped filter tank enters an ozone contact tank and a biological activated carbon tank, the ozone adding amount and the contact oxidation time are respectively 2.0-4.0 mg/L and 15 min, and the empty bed residence time of the biological activated carbon tank is close to 15 min;
(2) When a II-level response mechanism is started, the conventional treatment process and the advanced treatment process of the water treatment device of the water plant are operated according to design process parameters, the pretreatment process is started again, the sampling and detection frequency of a water sample is improved, the toxicity of water entering and exiting each process section is detected by using a portable water quality toxicity detector, and emergency treatment measures are ready to be started at any time;
(3) When a III-level response mechanism is started, a water treatment device of a water plant starts pretreatment and emergency treatment measures, a proper amount of powdered activated carbon is added before leaving the water plant, the cleaning frequency of an activated carbon filter tank is improved while the conventional treatment process is enhanced, the filtering contact time of the activated carbon is prolonged, the sampling and detection frequency of a water sample is improved, a portable water quality toxicity detector is used for detecting the toxicity of water entering and exiting each process section, the ozone addition amount is increased and decreased properly according to the toxicity change condition of water quality after ozone contact oxidation until the water quality detection result of water outlet is nontoxic, and the response level is reduced to be I-level or II-level response;
(4) When the IV-level sound is started, the water inflow load of a water plant is reduced, pretreatment and emergency treatment measures are started, the conventional treatment process is enhanced, the ozone adding amount and the contact oxidation time of the advanced treatment process section are increased, the cleaning frequency of the activated carbon filter tank is increased, the activated carbon filtration contact time is prolonged, and the response level is reduced to be II-level or III-level response until the effluent quality detection result is nontoxic.
Claims (2)
1. A method for monitoring and treating the water quality safety of drinking water is characterized in that: the method uses a drinking water quality safety monitoring system to monitor and treat; the drinking water quality safety monitoring system comprises a water plant regulation device and a water source regulation device;
the water plant regulating and controlling device comprises a raw water quality toxicity on-line monitor installed at a raw water quality control point of the water plant, a water outlet water quality toxicity on-line monitor installed at a water outlet water quality control point and a water plant central control PC; the raw water quality toxicity on-line monitor and the outlet water quality toxicity on-line monitor are connected with a central control PC (personal computer) of the water plant through signal lines;
the water source regulation and control device comprises a water source water quality toxicity on-line monitor and a water source central control PC (personal computer) which are arranged at a water quality control point of a drinking water source; the water source water quality toxicity on-line monitor is connected with a central control PC (personal computer) in a wireless communication type water source area; the water source central control PC is connected with the water plant central control PC in a wireless communication mode or a network communication mode;
the water plant central control PC is connected with an electromagnetic valve of a dosing mechanism of the water treatment device in the water plant through a signal wire;
the water plant regulation and control device also comprises a water plant real-time on-line monitor arranged at the raw water quality control point and the outlet water quality control point, wherein the water plant real-time on-line monitor comprises a turbidity sensor, a permanganate index sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, a total phosphorus sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor and a pH sensor; the real-time on-line monitor of the water plant is connected with a central control PC of the water plant through a signal line;
the water source regulation and control device also comprises a water source real-time on-line monitor at a water quality control point of the drinking water source, wherein the water source real-time on-line monitor comprises a turbidity sensor, a permanganate index sensor, an ammonia nitrogen sensor, a total phosphorus sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor and a pH sensor; the water source real-time on-line monitor is connected with a water source central control PC through a signal line;
the drinking water quality safety monitoring system also comprises a PLC substation matched with each water treatment device; each PLC substation is in communication connection with an optical fiber Ethernet ring network formed by a central control PC unit of a water plant;
a portable water quality toxicity detector is arranged at each water treatment device point;
the water source central control PC and the water plant central control PC are in communication connection with the supervisory upper computer in a wireless communication mode or a network communication mode, and real-time data of water quality on-line monitoring is transmitted to the supervisory upper computer;
the monitoring and processing method comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) starting detection: starting a water source water quality toxicity on-line monitor, a raw water quality toxicity on-line monitor and a water outlet water quality toxicity on-line monitor, wherein the 3 water quality toxicity on-line monitors divide toxicity levels based on luminous intensity inhibition rate levels before and after luminous bacteria are exposed to a detected water sample, display water quality toxicity monitoring results on site and upload signals to a water plant central control PC (personal computer), and if the water quality monitoring results are toxic, the monitoring sites and the water plant central control PC carry out sound or sound-light alarm;
(2) Water plant response: dividing the operation of the treatment process of each water treatment device of the water plant into four-level response mechanisms of I, II, III and IV from low to high according to the on-line detection results of the on-line raw water toxicity monitor and the on-line outlet water toxicity monitor on the raw water and the outlet water toxicity, and switching the raw water inlet of the water plant into an emergency standby water source or suspending production of the water plant if the results of the detection of the toxicity of the factory water quality do not return to the set safety range after the process of the water plant starts the response of the II, III and IV levels;
(3) Water source response: uploading the detection result of the water source water quality toxicity on-line monitor at the water source water quality control point to the water source central control PC, and when the safety risk occurs to the water quality of the water source, sending a raw water quality safety risk early warning to the water plant central control PC; the central control PC of the water plant compares the water quality indexes of all water quality control points according to the early warning, and rapidly starts a four-level response mechanism of the raw water treatment process of the water plant; meanwhile, the pollution of the source water is confirmed to be caused by comparing the characteristic pollutants in the source water with the point source pollution in the area, and the pollution source is subjected to emission reduction or production stopping treatment;
the toxicity judging method of the 3 water toxicity on-line monitors comprises the following steps: when the luminous intensity inhibition rate level of the luminous bacteria is below 10%, the water quality detection result is judged to be nontoxic; when the luminous intensity inhibition rate level is 10% -20%, the water quality detection result is judged to be toxic; when the luminous intensity inhibition rate level is more than 20%, judging that the water quality detection result is extremely toxic;
the I-level response mechanism means that the quality detection results of raw water and factory water are nontoxic;
the II-level response mechanism means that the raw water detection result is toxic and the factory water detection result is nontoxic;
the III-level response mechanism means that the raw water detection result is nontoxic and the factory water detection result is toxic;
the IV-level response means that the quality detection results of raw water and factory water are toxic.
2. The method for monitoring and treating the water quality safety of drinking water according to claim 1, wherein:
(1) When the I-level response mechanism is started, the conventional treatment process and the advanced treatment process of the water treatment device of the water plant are operated according to design process parameters;
(2) When a II-level response mechanism is started, the conventional treatment process and the advanced treatment process of the water treatment device of the water plant are operated according to design process parameters, the pretreatment process is started again, the sampling and detection frequency of a water sample is improved, the toxicity of water entering and exiting each process section is detected by using a portable water quality toxicity detector, and emergency treatment measures are ready to be started at any time;
(3) When a III-level response mechanism is started, a water treatment device of a water plant starts pretreatment and emergency treatment measures, a proper amount of powdered activated carbon is added before leaving the water plant, the cleaning frequency of an activated carbon filter tank is improved while the conventional treatment process is enhanced, the filtering contact time of the activated carbon is prolonged, the sampling and detection frequency of a water sample is improved, a portable water quality toxicity detector is used for detecting the toxicity of water entering and exiting each process section, the ozone addition amount is increased and decreased properly according to the toxicity change condition of water quality after ozone contact oxidation until the water quality detection result of water outlet is nontoxic, and the response level is reduced to be I-level or II-level response;
(4) When the IV-level sound is started, the water inflow load of a water plant is reduced, pretreatment and emergency treatment measures are started, the conventional treatment process is enhanced, the ozone adding amount and the contact oxidation time of the advanced treatment process are increased, the cleaning frequency of the activated carbon filter tank is increased, the activated carbon filtration contact time is prolonged, and the response level is reduced to be II-level or III-level response until the water quality detection result of the water outlet is nontoxic.
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| 水源水质预警系统的建立与应用;王春等;《饮用水安全控制技术会议暨中国土木工程学会水工业分会给水专业委员会第14届年会论文集》;第13-14页1水源水质预警系统的组成和2在线毒性仪子系统的运行与试验 * |
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