CN109245600A - Non-coil type ultra-magnetic deformation actuator - Google Patents

Non-coil type ultra-magnetic deformation actuator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109245600A
CN109245600A CN201811323574.7A CN201811323574A CN109245600A CN 109245600 A CN109245600 A CN 109245600A CN 201811323574 A CN201811323574 A CN 201811323574A CN 109245600 A CN109245600 A CN 109245600A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
magnetizer
gmm
magnetic
permanent magnet
pole
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CN201811323574.7A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109245600B (en
Inventor
周景涛
何忠波
任国全
王怀光
范红波
石志勇
李志宁
曹凤利
韩兰懿
荣策
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Army Engineering University of PLA
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Army Engineering University of PLA
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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/02Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/02Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors
    • H02N2/04Constructional details
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/02Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors
    • H02N2/06Drive circuits; Control arrangements or methods
    • H02N2/062Small signal circuits; Means for controlling position or derived quantities, e.g. for removing hysteresis

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of non-coil type ultra-magnetic deformation actuators, are related to magnetic deformation actuator technical field.The actuator includes cylindrical permanent magnet, the pole N of the cylindrical permanent magnet and the pole S radial distribution, and when the pole N, S is located at vertical position, magnetizer in the face of the pole magnet N, upper magnetizer is magnetized to the pole N;Magnetizer under S grades of faces of magnet, lower magnetizer is magnetized to S grades, and passes through the effect of the non-conductor plate, the magnetic line of force reaches lower magnetizer by upper magnetizer again after GMM component, the closure magnetic line of force is formed, forms high-intensity magnetic field around GMM component, magnetic field acts on GMM component generation;After driving device drives the permanent magnet to be rotated by 90 °, the pole N, S is horizontally situated, and the magnetic line of force forms in upper and lower magnetizer closed circuit respectively, and upper and lower magnetizer demagnetizes rapidly, so that not having magnetic field around GMM component, will not act on GMM component generation.

Description

Non-coil type ultra-magnetic deformation actuator
Technical field
The present invention relates to magnetic deformation actuator technical fields more particularly to a kind of non-coil type ultra-magnetic telescopic to activate Device.
Background technique
Giant magnetostrictive material (Giant Magnetostrictive Material, abbreviation GMM) is a kind of applies more Extensive intellectual material has the physical effects such as magnetostriction, converse magnetostriction, torsion and jump.With piezoelectric material and tradition Magnetostriction materials compare, giant magnetostrictive material have higher energy density and the magnetomechanical coefficient of coup, at room temperature can Realize bigger magnetostrictive strain and power output, and the Curie temperature of giant magnetostrictive material and compression strength are higher, Working performance is also more stable.Therefore, giant magnetostrictive material is in magnetic field detection, Ultra-precision Turning, vibration and noise reducing and fluid device Part driving etc. has relatively broad application.
Super mangneto actuator is generally GMM(giant magnetostrictive material by magnetizing coil in the prior art) stick provide driving magnetic (shown in Fig. 1), electric current when work in magnetizing coil can cause coil heating, and heat can reach in GMM rod, lead to GMM Stick temperature increases, and temperature is fairly obvious on the influence of the magnetostriction coefficient of GMM, when temperature increases tens degree, because fever is led The thermal deformation displacement output phase of cause is very huge for its controllable displacement.
Summary of the invention
It is defeated the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to how provide a kind of coefficient of elongation of GMM rod not to be affected by temperature Non-coil type ultra-magnetic deformation actuator with high accuracy out.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of non-coil type ultra-magnetic telescopic causes Dynamic device, it is characterised in that: including cylindrical permanent magnet, the pole N of the cylindrical permanent magnet and the pole S radial distribution, the permanent magnetism Casing assembly is provided on the outside of body, the casing assembly includes non-magnetic plate and magnetic conduction subassembly, and the magnetic conduction subassembly is described Non-conductor plate is divided into magnetizer and lower magnetizer two parts, and the upper magnetizer and lower magnetizer are with the cylindrical permanent magnet It is symmetrical arranged for symmetry axis, the left end of the upper magnetizer and lower magnetizer has notch, passes through the right side of the upper magnetizer The right part of plate, the right side plate of lower magnetizer and non-magnetic plate closes the right end of the cylindrical permanent magnet, described outer GMM component mounting groove is provided on the right side of shell component, the mounting groove sequentially passes through the right side of the upper magnetizer from top to bottom Enter the right side plate part of the lower magnetic conductive board behind plate part and the non-magnetic plate, GMM component is located at GMM component peace In tankage, be provided with driving device on the outside of the actuator, the driving device for drive the cylindrical permanent magnet into Row rotation;
When the pole N, S is located at vertical position, magnetizer in the face of the pole permanent magnet N, upper magnetizer is magnetized to the pole N;Permanent magnet S grade Magnetizer under face, lower magnetizer are magnetized to S grades, and by the effect of the non-conductor plate, the magnetic line of force is passed through by upper magnetizer It crosses and reaches lower magnetizer after GMM component again, form the closure magnetic line of force, form high-intensity magnetic field around GMM component, magnetic field is to GMM component Generation effect, GMM rod extend output displacement;After driving device drives the permanent magnet to be rotated by 90 °, the pole N, S is located at level Position, the magnetic line of force form in upper and lower magnetizer closed circuit respectively, and upper and lower magnetizer demagnetizes rapidly, so that not having around GMM component There is magnetic field, GMM component generation will not be acted on, GMM rod is shunk.
Preferably, the non-magnetic plate is copper sheet.
A further technical solution lies in: the GMM component mounting groove is vertically arranged.
A further technical solution lies in: the GMM component mounting groove include positioned at downside GMM rod installation slot part, Drive rod positioned at middle part installs slot part and superposed adjusting nut installs slot part.
A further technical solution lies in: the GMM component includes positioned at the GMM rod of downside, positioned at the drive rod at middle part And the adjusting nut positioned at upside, the diameter of the GMM rod and the GMM rod installation diameter of slot part are equal and described The length of GMM rod is greater than the length of GMM rod installation slot part, the lower surface of the GMM rod and the GMM component mounting groove Bottom surface be in contact;The drive rod is inverted T shaped cylindrical assembly, including underdrive column and upper driving column, the underdrive column Diameter be greater than the diameter of the upper driving column and GMM rod, the lower end surface of the underdrive column and the upper surface of the GMM rod It directly contacts, the adjusting nut is fixed in adjusting nut installation slot part, is provided on the adjusting nut through thereon The upper driving column through hole of lower surface, the upper transmission between the lower end surface of the adjusting nut and the upper surface of the underdrive column Elastic component is arranged on column, and the elastic component is in confined state, the upper end of the upper driving column is through the upper driving column It is pierced by out of described adjusting nut after through hole.
Preferably, the elastic component is spring.
Preferably, the elastic component is elastic slice.
A further technical solution lies in: the actuator further includes fixing bolt, the fixing bolt from top to bottom according to It is secondary to be fixedly connected after the upper magnetizer, the non-magnetic plate and the lower magnetizer with fixed plate.
A further technical solution lies in: the driving device is connect by transmission device with the permanent magnet, and described The axle center of permanent magnet described in transmission device face.
The beneficial effects of adopting the technical scheme are that the expansion actuator is rotated using permanent magnet machinery Mode generate alternation driving magnetic field, GMM rod temperature remains unchanged, and the magnetostriction coefficient of GMM is not affected by temperature, output essence Du Genggao.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the location diagram of GMM rod and coil in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of actuator described in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that actuator described in the embodiment of the present invention removes the structural schematic diagram after driving device;
Fig. 4 is the schematic cross-sectional view of actuator described in the embodiment of the present invention (when magnetic field acts on GMM rod);
The right side structural representation of actuator described in embodiment of the present invention when Fig. 5 is Fig. 4 state;
Fig. 6 is the schematic cross-sectional view of actuator described in the embodiment of the present invention (when magnetic field acts on GMM rod);
The right side structural representation of actuator described in embodiment of the present invention when Fig. 7 is Fig. 6 state;
Fig. 8 is that actuator described in the embodiment of the present invention removes the schematic cross-sectional view after GMM component;
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of GMM component described in the embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein: 1, cylindrical permanent magnet;2, non-magnetic plate;3, upper magnetizer;4, lower magnetizer;5, GMM component mounting groove;51, GMM rod installs slot part;52, drive rod installs slot part;53, adjusting nut installs slot part;6, GMM component;61, GMM rod; 62, drive rod;621, underdrive column;622, upper driving column;63, adjusting nut;64, elastic component;7, driving device;8, fixed spiral shell Bolt;9, fixed plate;10, transmission device;11, coil.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Ground description, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention can be with Implemented using other than the one described here other way, those skilled in the art can be without prejudice to intension of the present invention In the case of do similar popularization, therefore the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As shown in Fig. 2-Fig. 7, the embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of non-coil type ultra-magnetic deformation actuators, including cylinder Shape permanent magnet 1, the pole N of the cylindrical permanent magnet and the pole S radial distribution.It is provided with casing assembly on the outside of the permanent magnet, The casing assembly includes non-magnetic plate 2 and magnetic conduction subassembly, and the magnetic conduction subassembly is divided into upper magnetizer 3 by the non-conductor plate 2 With lower 4 two parts of magnetizer, the upper magnetizer 3 is that symmetrical axial symmetry is set with the cylindrical permanent magnet 1 with lower magnetizer 4 It sets.The left end of the upper magnetizer 3 and lower magnetizer 4 has notch, and left end indentation, there is provided with closed plate, such as Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 institute Show, be provided with through-hole in the middle part of the closed plate, leak out the left side of the cylindrical permanent magnet 1, for facilitating connection institute State the axle center of permanent magnet.
It will by the right part of the right side plate of the upper magnetizer 3, the right side plate of lower magnetizer 4 and non-magnetic plate 2 The right end of the cylindrical permanent magnet 1 is closed.GMM component mounting groove 5, the mounting groove are provided on the right side of the casing assembly Sequentially pass through from top to bottom the upper magnetizer 3 right side plate part and the non-magnetic plate 2 after enter the lower magnetic conductive board 4 Right side plate part.GMM component 6 is located in the GMM component mounting groove 5, is provided with driving device on the outside of the actuator 7, for the driving device 7 for driving the cylindrical permanent magnet to be rotated, the prior art is can be used in the driving device In stepper motor etc..
Working principle: when the pole N, S in the permanent magnet is located at vertical position, magnetizer 3 in the face of the pole permanent magnet N, Upper magnetizer 3 is magnetized to the pole N;Magnetizer 4 under permanent magnet S grade face, lower magnetizer 4 are magnetized to S grades, and by described non- The effect of conductor plate, the magnetic line of force are reached lower magnetizer 4 by upper magnetizer again after GMM component 6, form the closure magnetic line of force, GMM 6 surrounding of component forms high-intensity magnetic field, and magnetic field acts on GMM component generation, and the GMM rod in the GMM component can be in magnetic field at this time The lower elongation of effect;After driving device 7 drives the permanent magnet to be rotated by 90 °, the pole N, S in the permanent magnet is located at horizontal position It sets, the magnetic line of force forms in upper and lower magnetizer closed circuit respectively, and upper and lower magnetizer demagnetizes rapidly, so that not having around GMM component 6 Magnetic field will not act on 6 generation of GMM component, at this point, the GMM rod after elongation will be retracted into the original length.
The expansion actuator generates alternation driving magnetic field by the way of the rotation of permanent magnet machinery, and GMM rod temperature is kept Constant, the magnetostriction coefficient of GMM is not affected by temperature, and output accuracy is higher.
Preferably, the non-magnetic plate 2 can be copper sheet, it should be noted that those skilled in the art can also basis Actual needs selects non-magnetic plate 2 made of other materials.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 6, it is preferred that the GMM component mounting groove 5 is vertically arranged, the installation of convenient device and number According to measurement.Further, as shown in figure 8, the GMM component mounting groove 5 includes the GMM rod installation slot part positioned at downside 51, the drive rod positioned at middle part installs slot part 52 and superposed adjusting nut installs slot part 53, GMM rod mounting groove Part 51 and drive rod installation slot part 52 between and drive rod installation slot part 52 and adjusting nut installation slot part 53 it Between be interconnected.
As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 6 and Fig. 9, the GMM component 6 includes the GMM rod 61 positioned at downside, the transmission positioned at middle part Bar 62 and adjusting nut 63 positioned at upside.The diameter phase of the diameter of the GMM rod 61 and GMM rod installation slot part 51 Deng, and the length of the GMM rod 61 is greater than the length of GMM rod installation slot part 51, the lower surface of the GMM rod 61 and institute The bottom surface for stating GMM component mounting groove 5 is in contact;The drive rod 62 is inverted T shaped cylindrical assembly, including 621 He of underdrive column Upper driving column 622, the diameter of the underdrive column 621 is greater than the diameter of the upper driving column 622 and GMM rod 61, under described The lower end surface of driving column 621 is directly contacted with the upper surface of the GMM rod 61, and the adjusting nut 63 is fixed on adjusting nut peace In tankage part 53, the upper driving column through hole through its upper and lower surface, the adjusting spiral shell are provided on the adjusting nut 63 It is arranged with elastic component 64 on upper driving column 622 between the lower end surface of mother 63 and the upper surface of the underdrive column 621, and described Elastic component 64 is in confined state, and the upper end of the upper driving column 622 is after the upper driving column through hole from the adjusting It is pierced by nut 63.
When extending under the action of the GMM rod 61 is by magnetic field, deformation quantity is passed to the biography by the GMM rod 61 of elongation Lever 62 is again acted on the deformation quantity that the GMM rod 61 generates by drive rod 62 outward, the adjusting nut 63 with it is described on Magnetizer 3 is fixed, and the drive rod 62 is slidably matched with the adjusting nut 63, by the position for adjusting the adjusting nut 63 Set the power that the adjustable elastic component 64 is applied on drive rod 62;When the magnetic field being applied in GMM rod 61 disappears, GMM Stick 61 is retracted to initial position, at this point, by the effect of the elastic component 64, so that the drive rod 62 returns to initial position.
Preferably, the elastic component 64 can be spring or elastic slice.Furthermore it should be noted that the actuator further includes Fixing bolt 8, the fixing bolt 8 sequentially pass through the upper magnetizer 3, non-magnetic plate 2 and the lower magnetic conduction from top to bottom It is fixedly connected after body 4 with fixed plate 9.Further, the driving device 7 can also pass through transmission device 10 and the permanent magnet Connection, and the axle center of permanent magnet described in 10 face of the transmission device.The driving device 7 is transmitted by the transmission device 10 The power of output can make its operation more stable.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of non-coil type ultra-magnetic deformation actuator, it is characterised in that: including cylindrical permanent magnet (1), the cylinder The pole N of permanent magnet and the pole S radial distribution are provided with casing assembly on the outside of the permanent magnet, and the casing assembly includes non-leads Magnetic sheet (2) and magnetic conduction subassembly, the magnetic conduction subassembly are divided into upper magnetizer (3) and lower magnetizer (4) two by the non-conductor plate (2) Part, the upper magnetizer (3) and lower magnetizer (4) are symmetrical arranged with the cylindrical permanent magnet (1) for symmetry axis, it is described on The left end of magnetizer (3) and lower magnetizer (4) has notch, passes through right side plate, the lower magnetizer (4) of the upper magnetizer (3) Right side plate and the right part of non-magnetic plate (2) right end of the cylindrical permanent magnet (1) is closed, the casing assembly Right side be provided with GMM component mounting groove (5), the mounting groove sequentially passes through the right side of the upper magnetizer (3) from top to bottom Plate part and the non-magnetic plate (2) enter the right side plate part of the lower magnetic conductive board (4) afterwards, and GMM component (6) is located at described It in GMM component mounting groove (5), is provided on the outside of the actuator driving device (7), the driving device (7) is for driving The cylindrical permanent magnet is rotated;
When the pole N, S is located at vertical position, magnetizer (3) in the face of the pole permanent magnet N, upper magnetizer (3) is magnetized to the pole N;Forever Magnetizer (4) under S grades of faces of magnet, lower magnetizer (4) is magnetized to S grades, and passes through the effect of the non-conductor plate, the magnetic line of force Lower magnetizer (4) are reached again after GMM component (6) by upper magnetizer, are formed the closure magnetic line of force, are formed around GMM component (6) High-intensity magnetic field, magnetic field act on GMM component generation, and GMM rod extends output displacement;Driving device (7) drives the permanent magnet rotation After 90 °, the pole N, S is horizontally situated, and the magnetic line of force forms in upper and lower magnetizer closed circuit respectively, and upper and lower magnetizer is rapid Demagnetization will not act on (6) generation of GMM component so that not having magnetic field around GMM component (6), and GMM rod is shunk.
2. non-coil type ultra-magnetic deformation actuator as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the non-magnetic plate (2) is Copper sheet.
3. non-coil type ultra-magnetic deformation actuator as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the GMM component mounting groove (5) it is vertically arranged.
4. non-coil type ultra-magnetic deformation actuator as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the GMM component mounting groove It (5) include GMM rod installation slot part (51) for being located at downside, positioned at drive rod installation slot part (52) at middle part and positioned at upper The adjusting nut in portion installs slot part (53).
5. non-coil type ultra-magnetic deformation actuator as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: the GMM component (6) includes GMM rod (61) positioned at downside, the drive rod (62) positioned at middle part and the adjusting nut (63) positioned at upside, the GMM rod (61) diameter is equal with the GMM rod installation diameter of slot part (51), and the length of the GMM rod (61) is greater than described GMM rod installs the length of slot part (51), the bottom surface of the lower surface of the GMM rod (61) and the GMM component mounting groove (5) It is in contact;The drive rod (62) is inverted T shaped cylindrical assembly, including underdrive column (621) and upper driving column (622), under described The diameter of driving column (621) is greater than the diameter of the upper driving column (622) and GMM rod (61), the underdrive column (621) Lower end surface is directly contacted with the upper surface of the GMM rod (61), and the adjusting nut (63) is fixed on adjusting nut installation groove portion Divide in (53), the upper driving column through hole through its upper and lower surface, the adjusting nut are provided on the adjusting nut (63) (63) elastic component (64) are arranged on the upper driving column (622) between the upper surface of lower end surface and the underdrive column (621), And the elastic component (64) is in confined state, the upper end of the upper driving column (622) is after the upper driving column through hole It is pierced by from the adjusting nut (63).
6. non-coil type ultra-magnetic deformation actuator as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: the elastic component (64) is bullet Spring.
7. non-coil type ultra-magnetic deformation actuator as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: the elastic component (64) is bullet Piece.
8. non-coil type ultra-magnetic deformation actuator as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the actuator further includes solid Determine bolt (8), the fixing bolt (8) sequentially pass through from top to bottom the upper magnetizer (3), the non-magnetic plate (2) and The lower magnetizer (4) is fixedly connected with fixed plate (9) afterwards.
9. non-coil type ultra-magnetic deformation actuator as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the driving device (7) is logical It crosses transmission device (10) to connect with the permanent magnet, and the axle center of permanent magnet described in the transmission device (10) face.
CN201811323574.7A 2018-11-08 2018-11-08 Non-coil type super magnetostriction actuator Active CN109245600B (en)

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