CN109244781B - Automatic carbon brush replacing device - Google Patents
Automatic carbon brush replacing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109244781B CN109244781B CN201811342409.6A CN201811342409A CN109244781B CN 109244781 B CN109244781 B CN 109244781B CN 201811342409 A CN201811342409 A CN 201811342409A CN 109244781 B CN109244781 B CN 109244781B
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- carbon brush
- carbon
- switching control
- control ring
- brushes
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 241
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 241
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 244000185238 Lophostemon confertus Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000037805 labour Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/38—Brush holders
- H01R39/41—Brush holders cartridge type
- H01R39/415—Brush holders cartridge type with self-recoiling spring
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/38—Brush holders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/44—Devices for shifting brushes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R2201/00—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications
- H01R2201/10—Connectors or connections adapted for particular applications for dynamoelectric machines
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic carbon brush replacing device, and belongs to the technical field of carbon brushes. The invention comprises a clamping unit and a switching unit; the carbon brush holder of the clamping unit comprises more than two pairs of sleeves, the sleeves are fixed on the outer sides of the supporting rings, carbon brushes are arranged in the sleeves, when the carbon brushes work, only one pair of carbon brushes are in contact with the annular commutator through carbon brush extending holes of the switching unit, and other carbon brushes are used as standby carbon brushes; according to the invention, the inner side of the supporting ring is connected to the hollow upright post through the coil spring, and when the carbon brush is worn and used up soon, the coil spring drives the carbon brush holder to rotate, so that the standby carbon brush is contacted with the annular commutator, and automatic carbon brush replacement is realized. This structural design can be timely carries out automatic change to the carbon brush, has alleviateed the work load that all needs the manual replacement carbon brush after the carbon brush is used up at every turn, has improved work efficiency, has reduced the labour.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon brushes, in particular to an automatic carbon brush replacing device.
Background
At present, a brush is generally arranged in a brush motor or a generator, the brush is a device for transmitting energy or signals between a fixed part and a rotating part of the motor or the generator or other rotary machinery, carbon brushes are mostly adopted as brushes in the prior art to support the motor to work, and in the working process of the brush motor, the carbon brushes are contacted with the surface of a converter, a motor rotor rotates, and an electric signal is transmitted to a coil of the rotor through the converter. Because the main component of the carbon brush is carbon, the carbon brush is easy to wear in the use process and needs to be maintained and replaced regularly, but the following problems exist in the replacement process: (1) The service cycle of the carbon brush is short, the working efficiency of the motor can be reduced by manually and frequently replacing the carbon brush, and continuous production can not be realized; (2) The carbon brush can not be replaced in time after being used up, so that the motor is damaged, and the service life of the motor is shortened. It is therefore necessary to design a device capable of automatically replacing the carbon brush in time.
After searching, chinese patent number ZL 201120072002.3, the date of the authorized bulletin: 28 days of 2011 9 months, the invention creates the name: the application comprises a brush box, a carbon brush, a volute spring, a bracket and a brush box bottom plate, wherein the brush box bottom plate, the brush box, the carbon brush and the volute spring are fixedly assembled into an integral carbon brush assembly; the brush box bottom plate comprises a matching structure A, C, E, wherein the matching structure A is a square opening structure, the matching structure C is a chamfer structure, and the matching structure E is a convex structure; the support includes cooperation structure B, D, F, and cooperation structure B is a back-off structure, and cooperation structure D is a draw-in groove structure, and cooperation structure F is a platform structure, and the carbon brush subassembly is through cooperation structure A and B, C and D, E and F's cooperation, is connected together with support detachably. In this application, when the carbon brush is worn out, can take out brush box bottom plate structure is whole, changes new brush box and continues to use, but this application is not simultaneously installed a plurality of reserve carbon brushes, therefore carbon brush life cycle is short, need the manual periodic replacement, extravagant a large amount of labours.
Chinese patent No. ZL 201310304641.1, grant post day: the invention creates the name of 2015, 6 and 17 days: the application comprises a carbon brush holder and a plurality of carbon brushes arranged on the carbon brush holder, wherein the carbon brush holder comprises a first base, an elastic piece, a second base, a third base and a plurality of connecting rods, and one end of the elastic piece is connected with the first base; the second base is connected with the other end of the elastic piece; the third base is rotationally connected to the second base through a rotating shaft; the connecting rod is arranged on the third base along the circumferential direction and is perpendicular to the rotating shaft; the carbon brush is correspondingly connected with the connecting rod. The carbon brush subassembly among this application is at a plurality of brushes that its direction of rotation circumference set up, and one of them brush wear is depleted when, and the third base rotates and makes another brush rotate rapidly, contacts with the commutator to make the electric energy constantly carry the coil through the commutator, but this application is at the in-process of rotatory brush, can take place two brushes on the carbon brush subassembly and contact with the commutator simultaneously, leads to the electric current to produce the return circuit between two brushes, influences the rotation of coil.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that a carbon brush in the prior art cannot be automatically replaced in time after the use is finished, and provides an automatic carbon brush replacing device; according to the invention, the plurality of carbon brushes are arranged in the switching control ring, two of the carbon brushes are working carbon brushes, the working carbon brushes are contacted with the annular commutator, and the rest carbon brushes are standby brushes, so that the standby carbon brushes are contacted with the commutator under the torsion action of the coil springs after the working brushes are worn and cannot be used continuously, and the continuous working of the carbon brushes is ensured.
2. Technical proposal
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to an automatic carbon brush replacing device, which comprises a clamping unit and a switching unit;
the clamping unit comprises a carbon brush holder and a coil spring, wherein the carbon brush holder comprises more than two pairs of sleeves, the sleeves are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the outer side wall of the supporting ring, an opening is formed in one end, back to the supporting ring, of each sleeve, a carbon brush is arranged in each sleeve, the carbon brush is clamped by a front pushing block in each sleeve, and the carbon brush can stretch out and draw back at the opening; one end of the coil spring is connected with the inner side of the supporting ring, and the other end of the coil spring is connected with the hollow upright post;
the switching unit comprises a switching control ring and an annular commutator, wherein the switching control ring is arranged between the carbon brush frame and the annular commutator, a pair of carbon brush extending holes are formed in the switching control ring, and carbon brushes can extend from the carbon brush extending holes to be in contact with the annular commutator; when the carbon brush is worn until the carbon brush extends out of the carbon brush extending hole, the front pushing block rotates along the switching control ring.
As a further improvement of the invention, the front end of the front pushing block clamps the carbon brush through a carbon brush clamp; the rear end of the front pushing block is connected with a rear pushing block in the sleeve through a tension spring; the rear pushing block is connected with the supporting ring through a pressure spring, and a limit column is arranged on the upper top surface or/and the lower bottom surface of the rear pushing block.
As a further improvement of the invention, the rear pushing block is provided with a limiting block, and the side wall of the sleeve is provided with a limiting groove in sliding fit with the limiting block.
As a further improvement of the invention, a boss is arranged at the outlet end of the carbon brush extending hole, and one side of the front end surface of the boss is connected with the outer side surface of the switching control ring through a slope.
As a further improvement of the invention, an inner wall of the inlet end of the carbon brush extending out of the hole is in transitional connection with the inner side surface of the switching control ring through a guide surface, and the guide surface is an arc surface.
As a further improvement of the invention, the thickness E of the boss is 1/k of the distance between the outer side surface of the switching control ring and the inner side surface of the annular commutator, and the value of k is 2-5.
As a further improvement of the invention, the included angle a between the slope surface and the front end surface of the boss is 20-45 degrees.
As a further improvement of the invention, the width D of the side wall of the boss 1 The ratio of the distance between the two adjacent openings is 1/j, and the value of j is more than 1.
As a further development of the invention, the plug length L 2 Depth L of jack 1 And the ultimate elongation of the tension spring is larger than the vertical distance h between the upper end and the lower end of the guide surface.
As a further improvement of the invention, when the carbon brush in the sleeve works, the distance L between the limit post in the sleeve and the bottom surface of the front pushing block 4 The ratio of the wall thickness of the switching control ring to the wall thickness of the switching control ring is m, the value of m is 0.15-0.5, and L 4 ＞E。
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following remarkable effects:
(1) According to the automatic carbon brush replacing device, the carbon brush frame comprises more than two pairs of sleeves, the sleeves are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the outer side wall of the supporting ring, carbon brushes are arranged in the sleeves, and when the carbon brushes work, only one pair of carbon brushes are contacted with the annular commutator through carbon brush extending holes; the inner side of the supporting ring is connected with a hollow upright post through a coil spring, and the hollow upright post is fixed on the rear end cover; when the carbon brush abrasion can not be used, the carbon brush is just flush with the front end face of the boss, no action force exists between the carbon brush and the carbon brush extending hole, the carbon brush holder is driven to rotate under the torsion action of the coil spring until the next carbon brush extends out of the carbon brush extending hole and is contacted with the annular commutator.
(2) According to the automatic carbon brush replacing device, the front pushing block and the rear pushing block are axially arranged in the sleeve in a sliding manner, a tension spring is arranged between the front pushing block and the rear pushing block, and a limiting block is arranged on the rear pushing block and can slide in a limiting groove on the side wall of the sleeve; when the carbon brush is automatically replaced, the carbon brush holder rotates, the standby carbon brush rotates to the carbon brush extending hole, and the carbon brush slides along the limiting groove under the action of the pressure spring due to the fact that the switching control ring is not arranged, so that the carbon brush is pushed to extend out of the carbon brush extending hole, the carbon brush clamped by the front pushing block is prevented from shaking in the moving process of the carbon brush through the matching action of the limiting groove and the limiting block, in addition, the plug and the jack are designed, the front pushing block is prevented from shaking when the front pushing block acts on the rear pushing block, and the stability of the carbon brush during moving is further improved.
(3) According to the automatic carbon brush replacing device, one side of the front end face of the boss is connected with the outer side face of the switching control ring through the slope face, the inner side face of the switching control ring is in transitional connection with the inlet end of the carbon brush extending hole through the guide face, when the rear end of the carbon brush is level with the front end face of the boss, rotation occurs, the carbon brush can move along the slope face, the limit column on the rear pushing block just can move along the guide face until the next carbon brush contacts with the annular commutator, and the automatic carbon brush replacing device is simple and ingenious in structural design, and is convenient to replace the carbon brush by being matched with structures such as the coil spring, the switching control ring and the carbon brush extending hole.
(4) According to the automatic carbon brush replacing device, the thickness E of the boss is 1/k of the distance between the outer side face of the switching control ring and the inner side face of the annular commutator, and the value of k is 2-5; if the k value is too large, namely the thickness of the boss is too thin, the front end of the carbon brush cannot be completely separated from the annular commutator during replacement of the carbon brush, so that a plurality of pairs of carbon brushes are simultaneously contacted with the annular commutator, and the work of the carbon brush is influenced; if the k value is too small, namely the thickness of the boss is too thick, larger vibration is generated when the rear end of the carbon brush slides to the outer side face along the slope on the front end face, and the stability of the structure is affected.
(5) According to the automatic carbon brush replacing device, the included angle a between the slope surface and the front end surface of the boss is 20-45 degrees; the larger a is, the steeper the slope is, and when the rear end of the carbon brush slides to the outer side surface along the slope on the front end surface, larger vibration is generated; the smaller a is, the longer the slope length is, and the rear end of the carbon brush cannot reach the outer side surface at a later time when sliding along the slope, so that the replacement of the carbon brush is not facilitated.
(6) The invention relates to an automatic carbon brush replacing device, which is characterized in that the width D of the side wall of a boss is larger than the width D of the side wall of a boss 1 The ratio of the distance between the two adjacent openings is 1/j, and the value of j is more than 1; i.e. to ensure the width D of the side wall of the boss 1 The distance between two adjacent openings is smaller than that between two adjacent openings, and the fact that the next adjacent carbon brush is replaced before the rear end of the carbon brush slides down from the front end face is prevented, namely the two carbon brushes simultaneously contact the annular commutator, and the work of the carbon brushes is influenced.
(7) The invention relates to an automatic carbon brush replacing device, which has a plug length L 2 Depth L of jack 1 The ultimate elongation of the tension spring is larger than the vertical distance h between the upper end and the lower end of the guide surface; if L 1 And L 2 When the number is smaller than h, the plug is separated from the jack when the carbon brush is replaced, and the work of the carbon brush is affected; if the ultimate elongation of the tension spring is smaller than h, the tension spring can prevent the limit post from moving along the guide surface when the limit post moves along the guide surface, and even the tension spring can be broken, so that the device is damaged.
(8) The invention relates to an automatic carbon brush replacing device, wherein when a carbon brush in a sleeve works, the distance L between a limit column in the sleeve and the bottom surface of a front pushing block 4 The ratio of the wall thickness of the switching control ring to the wall thickness of the switching control ring is m, the value of m is 0.15-0.5, and L 4 > E; m is too large, resulting in cuttingWhen the carbon brush is replaced, the limiting column is contacted with the guide surface too late to cause the vertical distance of the limiting column moving along the guide surface to be too small, so that the brush is not thoroughly separated from the annular commutator due to too small tension force exerted by the tension spring; when the m is too small, opposite effects can occur, namely when the carbon brush is switched, the limiting column is too early contacted with the guide surface, so that the vertical distance of the limiting column moving along the guide surface is too large, the tensile force born by the tension spring is too large, the rotating resistance of the sleeve is increased, and the replacement of the carbon brush is prevented.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an internal structure of an automatic carbon brush replacing device according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of an external structure of an automatic carbon brush replacing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the clamping unit and the switching unit of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the inside of the sleeve according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a clamping unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a switching control loop according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a top view of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a terminal according to the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic view of a tablet configuration in the present invention.
Reference numerals in the schematic drawings illustrate:
100. a housing body; 110. a stator; 120. a rotor; 130. an output shaft;
200. a clamping unit; 210. a carbon brush holder; 211. a sleeve; 2111. a limit groove; 2112. a power connection hole; 2113. a carbon brush; 212. A support ring; 213. a front pushing block; 2131. a carbon brush clamp; 2132. a plug; 2133. a connecting piece; 2134. a tension spring; 214. a rear pushing block; 2141. a limit column; 2142. a limiting block; 2143. a jack; 215 opening; 216. a pressure spring; 220. a rear end cover; 221. a through hole; 222. a hollow upright; 223. a coil spring; 224. a mounting hole; 225. a lamination hole;
300. a switching unit; 310. switching the control loop; 311. a carbon brush extending out of the hole; 3111. a boss; 3112. a slope; 3113. a front end face; 3114. an inner wall; 312. an inner side surface; 313. an outer side surface; 314. an annular chute; 315. a guide surface; 316. a fixing plate; 320. an annular commutator;
400. a conductive unit; 410. a conductive rod; 411. an electrical contact; 420. tabletting; 430. and (5) a binding post.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples.
Example 1
An automatic carbon brush replacing device according to the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, includes a clamping unit 200 and a switching unit 300, wherein the clamping unit 200 and the switching unit 300 are installed in a housing body 100, as shown in fig. 1, wherein a stator 110 is provided in the housing body 100, a rotor 120 is rotatably provided at an inner side of the stator 110, and the rotor 120 is installed on an output shaft 130.
Referring to fig. 1, 3, 4 and 7, the clamping unit 200 in the present embodiment includes a rear end cover 220 and a carbon brush holder 210, and the rear end cover 220 is fixedly installed at one end of the case body 100; the carbon brush holder 210 is located between the rear end cover 220 and the rotor 120, and is sleeved on the output shaft 130. The carbon brush holder 210 comprises more than two pairs of sleeves 211, wherein the sleeves 211 are circumferentially arranged at equal intervals along the outer side wall of the support ring 212, an opening 215 is formed at one end of the sleeve 211, which is opposite to the support ring 212, carbon brushes 2113 are arranged in the sleeves 211, and the carbon brushes 2113 can stretch out and draw back at the opening 215.
A coil spring 223 is installed inside the support ring 212, one end of the coil spring 223 is connected with the support ring 212, the other end is connected with a hollow upright post 222, and the hollow upright post 222 is fixedly connected with the rear end cover 220, namely, the coil spring 223 is connected with the rear end cover 220. In addition, the output shaft 130 passes through a through hole 221 in the middle of the hollow upright 222.
The coil spring 223 in this embodiment has a certain elasticity when installed, that is, the coil spring 223 can drive the whole carbon brush holder 210 to rotate.
As a preferable example, a front push block 213 and a rear push block 214 are slidably provided in the sleeve 211 in the axial direction in the present embodiment, the front push block 213 is provided at one end of the opening 215, and a carbon brush clip 2131 for holding the carbon brush 2113 is provided on the front push block 213. The rear end of the front push block 213 is connected to the rear push block 214 by a tension spring 2134, and a connecting piece 2133 is provided in the tension spring 2134, and the connecting piece 2133 is fixed to the rear end of the front push block 213. The front push block 213 is provided with a plug 2132 on a side facing the rear push block 214, and a jack 2143 in sliding fit with the plug 2132 is provided on the rear push block 214. The push-back block 214 in this embodiment is connected to the outside of the support ring 212 by a compression spring 216. In order to facilitate the movement of the front push block 213 and the rear push block 214 inside the sleeve 211, a limiting block 2142 is arranged on the rear push block 214, a limiting groove 2111 in sliding fit with the limiting block 2142 is formed on the inner side wall of the sleeve 211, and the front push block 213 and the rear push block 214 are pushed to move under the action of the pressure spring 216, so that the carbon brush 2113 is driven to move.
Through the cooperation of the limiting groove 2111 and the limiting block 2142, the carbon brush 2113 clamped by the front pushing block 213 is prevented from shaking in the moving process, in addition, due to the design of the plug 2132 and the jack 2143, the front pushing block 213 is prevented from shaking when acting on the rear pushing block 214, and the stability of the carbon brush 2113 in moving is further improved.
Further, the rear cover 220 in the present embodiment is mounted with the conductive unit 400, and the conductive unit 400 includes a conductive rod 410, an electrical contact 411, a tab 420 and a post 430, wherein the tab 420 and the post 430 are configured as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the post 430 is disposed on the rear cover 220, and the post 430 is provided with a pin which is engaged with the tab hole 225 of the rear cover 220 to fix the post 430 to the rear cover 220. In addition, a wiring hole is formed in the wiring terminal 430 so as to be connected to an external circuit of the motor. As shown in fig. 8, the tab 420 is connected at one end to the post 430 and at the other end is resiliently biased against the electrical contact 411, which electrical contact 411 is fixedly disposed on top of the support ring 212. The conductive rod 410 is disposed at the top end of the sleeve 211 along the length direction of the sleeve 211, one end of the conductive rod 410 is connected with the electrical contact 411, and the other end passes through the electrical connection hole 2112 formed at the top of the sleeve 211 to be in sliding electrical contact with the carbon brush 2113 inside the sleeve 211. The conductive unit 400 communicates the outside of the motor with the inside of the motor, and ensures the operation of the motor. The number of electrical contacts 411, conductive bars 410 and sleeves 211 in this embodiment is the same.
Referring to fig. 1, 4, 9 and 10, the switching unit 300 in this embodiment includes a switching control ring 310 and an annular commutator 320, wherein three fixing holes are formed on the switching control ring 310, the three fixing holes pass through the fixing holes and are fixedly connected with the rear end cover 220 by fixing members, the switching control ring 310 is disposed between the carbon brush holder 210 and the annular commutator 320, in order to enable the carbon brush 2113 to contact with the annular commutator 320, a pair of carbon brush extending holes 311 are formed on the switching control ring 310, the carbon brush 2113 extends from the carbon brush extending holes 311, and tension force is provided by the pressure springs 216 at the rear end of the carbon brush 2113, so that the front end of the carbon brush 2113 always contacts with the annular commutator 320, thereby ensuring normal operation of the motor. As a preference, the two carbon brush extension holes 311 in the present embodiment are centered symmetrically about the axis of the replacement control ring 310.
Referring to fig. 4, 9 and 11, the outer side 313 of the switching control ring 310 in the present embodiment is provided with a boss 3111, the boss 3111 is located at the outlet end of the carbon brush extension hole 311, and one side of the front end 3113 of the boss 3111 is connected to the outer side 313 through a slope 3112; an inner wall 3114 of the inlet end of the carbon brush extending hole 311 is connected to the inner side surface 312 of the switching control ring 310 through a guide surface 315, and the guide surface 315 is an arc surface. To cooperate with the guide surface 315, a stop post 2141 is provided on the side of the push block 214, the stop post 2141 being movable along the guide surface 315.
When the carbon brush extending hole 311 on the switching control ring 310 is arranged at the upper end of the side wall of the switching control ring 310, in order to ensure that the limiting post 2141 contacts with the guiding surface 315, the limiting post 2141 is arranged at the upper top surface of the rear push block 214; when the carbon brush extending hole 311 of the switching control ring 310 is disposed at the lower end of the sidewall of the switching control ring 310, the limiting post 2141 is disposed at the upper bottom surface of the rear push block 214.
Preferably, the switching control ring 310 in this embodiment is provided with two switching control rings, which are divided into an upper switching control ring and a lower switching control ring, and a gap, that is, an annular chute 314 is left between the two rings. Half of the carbon brush extending holes 311 are positioned at the lower end of the side wall of the upper switching control ring, the other half of the carbon brush extending holes 311 are positioned at the upper end of the side wall of the lower switching control ring, and the carbon brush extending holes 311 are formed by the carbon brush extending holes; in addition, both the upper and lower switch control rings are provided with guide surfaces 315, and limit posts 2141 are provided on both the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the push back block 214 for use with the guide surfaces 315. In this embodiment, to ensure that the carbon brush 2113 only protrudes from the carbon brush protruding hole 311 and cannot protrude from the annular chute 314, the thickness of the carbon brush 2113 is between the height of the hole of the carbon brush protruding hole 311 and the width of the annular chute 314; in addition, in order not to affect the extension of the carbon brush 2113 along the carbon brush extension hole 311, the width of the annular chute 314 thereof is larger than the thicknesses of the front push block 213 and the rear push block 214; in this embodiment, the maximum distance between the limiting posts 2141 on the upper top surface and the lower bottom surface of the rear push block 214 is between the height of the hole of the carbon brush extending hole 311 and the width of the annular chute 314, i.e. the limiting posts 2141 do not obstruct the carbon brush 2113 from contacting with the annular commutator 320 when the carbon brush 2113 moves in the carbon brush extending hole 311, and when rotation occurs, the limiting posts 2141 are guaranteed to always abut against the inner side surface of the switching control ring 310, so that the carbon brush 2113 is not contacted with the annular commutator 320 after abrasion, and the motor operation is affected.
In this embodiment, when the rear end of the carbon brush 2113 is level with the front end surface 3113 of the boss 3111, the carbon brush 2113 moves along the slope 3112, and the limiting posts 2141 on the upper top surface and the lower bottom surface of the rear push block 214 just move along the guiding surface 315 until the next group of carbon brushes 2113 contacts the annular commutator 320.
In addition, the upper switching control ring is fixedly connected to the rear end cover 220 through three fixing holes on the ring, two fixing plates 316 are connected to the lower switching control ring, and both fixing plates 316 face the inner side of the lower switching control ring, as shown in fig. 9. In order to connect the lower switching control ring with the rear end cover 220, in this embodiment, a hole is formed in the fixing plate 316, and a mounting hole 224 is formed in the lower end of the hollow upright 222, and screws respectively pass through the hole in the fixing plate 316 and the mounting hole 224, so that the fixing plate 316 is fixedly connected to the hollow upright 222, that is, the lower switching control ring is connected with the rear end cover 220.
Referring to fig. 10, in this embodiment, the thickness E of the boss 3111 is 1/k of the distance between the outer side 313 of the switching control ring 310 and the inner side of the annular commutator 320, and k is 2-5; if the k value is too large, that is, the thickness of the boss 3111 is too thin, the front ends of the carbon brushes 2113 cannot be completely separated from the annular commutator 320 when the carbon brushes 2113 are replaced, so that a plurality of pairs of carbon brushes 2113 are simultaneously contacted with the annular commutator 320, the motor operation is affected, even short circuit is generated, and the motor is damaged; if the k value is too small, that is, the thickness of the boss 3111 is too thick, a large vibration is generated when the rear end of the carbon brush 2113 slides along the slope 3112 to the outer side surface 313 on the front end surface 3113, which affects the stability of the structure.
Referring to fig. 10, in this embodiment, the angle a between the slope 3112 and the front surface 3113 of the boss 3111 is 20 ° -45 °; the larger a is, the steeper the slope 3112 is, and when the rear end of the carbon brush 2113 slides along the slope 3112 on the front end surface 3113 to the outer side surface 313, a larger vibration is generated; the smaller a causes the length of the slope 3112 to be too long, and the rear end of the carbon brush 2113 cannot reach the outer side 313 late when sliding along the slope 3112, thereby being unfavorable for replacement of the carbon brush 2113.
Referring to fig. 10, the width D of the side wall of the boss 3111 in this embodiment 1 The ratio of the distance to the adjacent two openings 215 is 1/j, j has a value of j > 1; i.e. to ensure the sidewall width D of the boss 3111 1 Less than the distance between two adjacent openings 215, the rear ends of the carbon brushes 2113 are prevented from sliding down from the front end surface 3113 before the next adjacent carbon brush 2113 is replaced, that is, the two carbon brushes 2113 simultaneously contact the annular commutator 320, which affects the operation of the motor and even causes short circuit to damage the motor.
Referring to fig. 6 and 10, plug 2132 of the present embodiment has a length L 2 Depth L of receptacle 2143 1 And the ultimate elongation of the tension spring 2134 are both greater than the vertical distance h between the upper and lower ends of the guide surface 315; if L 1 And L 2 When h is smaller, the carbon brush 2113 is disconnected from the plug 2132 and the jack 2143 during replacement, which affects the operation of the motor; if the tension is sprungIf the ultimate elongation of the spring is less than h, the tension spring 2134 will block the movement of the stopper 2141 along the guide surface 315 when the stopper 2141 moves along the guide surface 315, and even the tension spring 2134 will be broken, which damages the motor.
Referring to fig. 5 and 10, in the present embodiment, when the carbon brush 2113 inside the sleeve 211 is operated, the distance L between the limiting post 2141 inside the sleeve 211 and the bottom surface of the push block 213 4 The ratio of the wall thickness of the switching control ring 310 is m, the value of m is 0.15-0.5, and L 4 > E; m is too large, which may cause the contact between the limiting post 2141 and the guide surface 315 to be too late when the carbon brush 2113 is switched, so that the vertical distance that the limiting post 2141 moves along the guide surface 315 is too small, and thus the pulling force exerted by the pulling force spring 2134 is too small, which may cause the brush to be incompletely separated from the ring commutator 320; when m is too small, the opposite effect is that, when the carbon brush 2113 is switched, the limiting post 2141 contacts the guide surface 315 too early, so that the vertical distance that the limiting post 2141 moves along the guide surface 315 is too large, and the tension force exerted by the tension spring 2134 is too large, so that the rotation resistance of the sleeve 211 is increased, and the replacement of the carbon brush 2113 is prevented.
The process of replacing the carbon brush by using the automatic carbon brush replacing device of the embodiment is as follows: when the motor is in operation, one pair of carbon brushes 2113 extends from the carbon brush extending holes 311, under the action of the pressure spring 216, the front ends of the carbon brushes 2113 are in contact with the annular commutator 320, the carbon brushes 2113 are in an operating state, and other carbon brushes 2113 can not extend to be matched with the annular commutator 320 due to the fact that the front ends of the carbon brushes 2113 are abutted against the switching control ring 310, and the inside of the switching control ring 310 is used for standby.
During operation, the carbon brush 2113 is continuously worn and moved forward under the action of the pressure spring 216, and when the rear end of the carbon brush 2113 is level with the front end surface 3113 of the boss 3111, that is, the carbon brush 2113 is pulled out of the carbon brush extending hole 311 and is no longer blocked by the carbon brush extending hole 311. In addition, since the width of the annular chute 314 is greater than the thicknesses of the front push block 213 and the rear push block 214, the front push block 213 enters the annular chute 314, and the carbon brush holder 210 rotates under the torsion of the coil spring 223, so as to drive the carbon brush 2113 to rotate along the switching control ring 310. During rotation, the limiting post 2141 on the rear push block 214 moves along the guide surface 315 to the inner side surface 312 of the switching control ring 310, and at the same time, the rear end of the carbon brush 2113 moves along the slope 3112 from the front end surface 3113 of the boss 3111 to the outer side surface 313 of the switching control ring 310, preventing the carbon brush 2113 from coming into contact with the annular commutator 320 again. Meanwhile, the standby carbon brush 2113 rotates to the carbon brush extending hole 311, and the stopper 2142 on the rear push block 214 is pushed to slide along the limiting groove 2111 under the action of the pressure spring 216 because the switching control ring 310 is not blocked, so that the carbon brush 2113 extends from the carbon brush extending hole 311 and contacts with the annular commutator 320, and the continuous operation of the motor is ensured.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment, the carbon brush 2113 is in an operating state, and the pressure spring 216 connected to the pushing block 214 and the supporting ring 212 is in a compressed state, so as to continuously push the carbon brush 2113 to contact with the annular commutator 320, thereby ensuring the operation thereof. In addition, the replaced carbon brush 2113 is located between the switching control ring 310 and the annular commutator 320, and due to the structural designs of the boss 3111, the tension spring 2134, the limiting post 2141, the replaced carbon brush 2113 is not contacted with the annular commutator 320 to affect the motor operation.
The structural design of the clamping unit 200 and the switching unit 300 of the embodiment realizes that when the carbon brush 2113 is worn out and is about to be used up, the carbon brush 2113 can be automatically replaced in time, the workload that the carbon brush 2113 needs to be manually replaced after each time the carbon brush 2113 is used up is reduced, the working efficiency is improved, the labor force is reduced, and in addition, the damage to a motor caused by the fact that a worker does not replace the carbon brush 2113 in time after the carbon brush 2113 is used up is prevented.
The invention and its embodiments have been described above by way of illustration and not limitation, and the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings and described in the drawings in which the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if one of ordinary skill in the art is informed by this disclosure, the structural mode and the embodiments similar to the technical scheme are not creatively designed without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An automatic carbon brush replacing device is characterized in that: comprises a clamping unit (200) and a switching unit (300); the clamping unit (200) and the switching unit (300) are installed in the shell body (100);
the clamping unit (200) comprises a carbon brush holder (210) and coil springs (223), wherein the carbon brush holder (210) comprises more than two pairs of sleeves (211), the sleeves (211) are circumferentially arranged at equal intervals along the outer side wall of the support ring (212), an opening (215) is formed in one end, opposite to the support ring (212), of each sleeve (211), carbon brushes (2113) are arranged in the sleeves (211), the carbon brushes (2113) are clamped by a front pushing block (213) in each sleeve (211), and the carbon brushes (2113) can stretch out and draw back at the openings (215); one end of the coil spring (223) is connected with the inner side of the supporting ring (212), and the other end is connected with the hollow upright post (222);
the switching unit (300) comprises a switching control ring (310) and an annular commutator (320), wherein the switching control ring (310) is arranged between the carbon brush holder (210) and the annular commutator (320), a pair of carbon brush extending holes (311) are formed in the switching control ring (310), and carbon brushes (2113) can extend from the carbon brush extending holes (311) to be in contact with the annular commutator (320); when the carbon brush (2113) is worn out and extends out from the carbon brush extending hole (311), the front pushing block (213) rotates along the switching control ring (310);
the front end of the front pushing block (213) clamps a carbon brush (2113) through a carbon brush clamp (2131); the rear end of the front pushing block (213) is connected with a rear pushing block (214) in the sleeve (211) through a tension spring (2134); the rear pushing block (214) is connected with the supporting ring (212) through a pressure spring (216), and a limit column (2141) is arranged on the upper top surface or/and the lower bottom surface of the rear pushing block (214);
a limiting block (2142) is arranged on the rear pushing block (214), and a limiting groove (2111) which is in sliding fit with the limiting block (2142) is formed in the side wall of the sleeve (211);
a boss (3111) is arranged at the outlet end of the carbon brush extending hole (311), and one side edge of the front end surface (3113) of the boss (3111) is connected with the outer side surface (313) of the switching control ring (310) through a slope (3112);
an inner wall (3114) of the inlet end of the carbon brush extending hole (311) is connected with the inner side surface (312) of the switching control ring (310) in a transition mode through a guide surface (315), and the guide surface (315) is an arc surface.
2. The automatic carbon brush replacing device according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness E of the boss (3111) is 1/k of the distance between the outer side surface (313) of the switching control ring (310) and the inner side surface of the annular commutator (320), and k takes a value of 2-5.
3. The automatic carbon brush replacing device according to claim 2, wherein: the included angle a between the slope (3112) and the front end surface (3113) of the boss (3111) is 20-45 degrees.
4. The automatic carbon brush replacing device according to claim 3, wherein: the width D of the side wall of the boss (3111) 1 The ratio of the distance between the two adjacent openings (215) is 1/j, and j is larger than 1.
5. The automatic carbon brush replacing device according to claim 4, wherein: when the carbon brush (2113) inside the sleeve (211) is working, the distance L between the limit column (2141) inside the sleeve (211) and the bottom surface of the push block (213) 4 The ratio of the wall thickness of the switching control ring (310) is m, the value of m is 0.15-0.5, and L 4 ＞E。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811342409.6A CN109244781B (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2018-11-12 | Automatic carbon brush replacing device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811342409.6A CN109244781B (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2018-11-12 | Automatic carbon brush replacing device |
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| CN109244781A CN109244781A (en) | 2019-01-18 |
| CN109244781B true CN109244781B (en) | 2024-02-09 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109301971B (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2023-10-27 | 安徽工业大学 | Carbon brush continuous power supply machine and carbon brush replacement method thereof |
| CN115007970B (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-10-25 | 长治市三耐铸业有限公司 | Rotary conductive device for vertical mill wear-resistant part surfacing platform |
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| CN101651380A (en) * | 2009-08-26 | 2010-02-17 | 余姚市爱优特电机有限公司 | Plastic bracket structure of motor with replaceable carbon brush |
| CN107658667A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-02-02 | 上海源盛机械电气制造有限公司 | Collector ring carbon brush with wear extent monitoring function |
| CN209133813U (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-07-19 | 安徽工业大学 | A kind of carbon brush apparatus for automatic change |
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| CN101651380A (en) * | 2009-08-26 | 2010-02-17 | 余姚市爱优特电机有限公司 | Plastic bracket structure of motor with replaceable carbon brush |
| CN107658667A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-02-02 | 上海源盛机械电气制造有限公司 | Collector ring carbon brush with wear extent monitoring function |
| CN209133813U (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-07-19 | 安徽工业大学 | A kind of carbon brush apparatus for automatic change |
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