CN109239517A - A kind of discrimination method of new photovoltaic system direct current arc fault and type - Google Patents
A kind of discrimination method of new photovoltaic system direct current arc fault and type Download PDFInfo
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- CN109239517A CN109239517A CN201811059114.8A CN201811059114A CN109239517A CN 109239517 A CN109239517 A CN 109239517A CN 201811059114 A CN201811059114 A CN 201811059114A CN 109239517 A CN109239517 A CN 109239517A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/66—Testing of connections, e.g. of plugs or non-disconnectable joints
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The discrimination method of a kind of photovoltaic system direct current arc fault and type is related to electrical engineering field, more particularly to a kind of new more criterion discrimination methods of photovoltaic system direct current arc fault and its experimental method；Its method uses three criterion algorithm of figure, time domain and frequency domain, technical solution are as follows: installs voltage, current sensor and infrared photography instrument, real-time collection voltages, current data in photovoltaic system header box input terminal, and obtains power by operation；Continuously detect whether photovoltaic system occurs DC Line Fault electric arc and recognize its fault type using the fault detection algorithm of image procossing, multiplexing comparison algorithm, Time Domain Piecewise fast Fourier analysis algorithm respectively；Different alarm signals is finally issued according to different fault types.The beneficial effects of the present invention are: judge that precision is high, versatile, is particularly suitable for middle and small scale photovoltaic generating system；Multiplex algorithm it is at low cost, it is easy extension, range is wide, effect is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrical engineering field more particularly to the identification sides of a kind of photovoltaic system direct current arc fault and type
Method.
Background technique
The continuous development of social economy, energy-output ratio is growing, and environmental degradation aggravates to cause the attention of people, this
Aspect China has selected the renewable and clean energy resources such as wind energy, photovoltaic.Solar energy installed capacity to the year two thousand forty China is expected to reach
738GW, this also implies that the photovoltaic industry of China will be continuously in booming state, more and more small house formulas or
It is that large capacity commerciality photovoltaic system is developed, while also exposing this serious problem of photovoltaic system direct-current arc.
Early stage photovoltaic system electrical fire accident can be traced to last century the nineties, in Sweden's Mont Soleil photovoltaic plant and one
Fire has occurred in the photovoltaic panel on family agriculture house top.Especially since two thousand six, photovoltaic fire incident is more and more.Due to sunlight
Prolonged exposure and so that the electric arc in circuit is constantly absorbed energy, if extinguishing electric arc not in time, it will arc burning is caused to develop
For route fire, lasting flame high temperature will seriously damage photovoltaic module, header box and electric wire etc..
Series fault arc and parallel arc fault can be divided by the difference that position occurs for fault electric arc in photovoltaic system.
Parallel connection type fault electric arc is typically due to caused by line insulation skin breakage leads to line short circuit, and tandem type fault electric arc mainly by
Caused by poor contact inside photovoltaic panel between silicon chip, in terminal box and between connecting line etc..And site test results table
It is bright, occur to be equivalent to when DC Line Fault electric arc and introduce arc resistance in circuit, branch current reduces instead, live fuse and disconnected
Road device cannot play a protective role.Again because the parallel arc fault that breaker front end occurs will not be put out because of cut-off breaker
It goes out, needs manually to participate in.Therefore, direct current arc fault signal and its failure classes can quickly and accurately be picked out by finding one kind
The method of type is at one of the feasible path for avoiding serious photovoltaic system failure.
Lack mature photovoltaic system direct current arc fault and type detection product in engineering at present, academia is mostly used electric current
Or the time domain data of voltage carries out the electrical parameters such as certain frequency-domain analysis of processing or electric current and judges system mode,
Or judged by the spectrum such as ultraviolet, infrared.But the time-domain analysis of existing electric current, voltage be protected from environmental compared with
Greatly, accuracy is still to be tested.The detection such as infrared, ultraviolet spectra is very high to detection environmental requirement, and the installation site of equipment is solid
It is fixed, can monitoring area it is smaller, it is difficult to meet the application of outdoor large photovoltaic system, and direct current cannot be distinguished in existing method
Arc fault type, it is difficult to which auxiliary carries out the formulation of specific aim protection scheme.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of new judgement precision height, versatile photovoltaic system direct current arc fault and
The detection algorithm of type.The present invention is directed to the deficiency of existing discrimination method, herein proposes a kind of photovoltaic system direct current arc fault
And the discrimination method of type.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of new photovoltaic system direct current arc fault and type discrimination method, specifically includes the following steps:
S01: installing voltage, current sensor and infrared photography instrument in photovoltaic system header box input terminal, real-time collection voltages,
Current data, and power is obtained by operation；
S02: the fault detection algorithm based on image procossing obtains the conclusion of image criterion, i.e., is set according to image processor performance
It sets Fixed Time Interval to handle infrared image, judge whether that DC Line Fault electric arc occurs and determines fault electric arc type；
S03: according to branch current, the temporal signatures that DC Line Fault electric arc occurs, algorithm is compared using multiplexing, obtains time domain
The conclusion of criterion；
S04: Time Domain Piecewise fast Fourier analysis algorithm is used for abnormal signal branch, obtains the conclusion of frequency domain criterion, i.e.,
Whether the abnormal signal branch occurs DC Line Fault electric arc；
S05: different alarm signals is issued according to different fault types.
The method for judging whether that DC Line Fault electric arc occurs and determines fault electric arc type, is according to series direct current
The difference of electric arc and parallel connection direct high arc temperature part distribution mode, by carrying out identifying processing to infrared image and judging.
This method S03 obtains the conclusion of time-domain criteria, that is, whether there is the branch of abnormal signal；Abnormal signal branch if it exists
Road is immediately performed image processing algorithm and further confirms that system mode then regardless of whether S02 arrives setting time.
The abnormal signal photovoltaic group string that this method S04 just sentences for the multiplexing comparison algorithm of S03, to its voltage, electricity
Stream and power data carry out Time Domain Piecewise fast Fourier analysis algorithm, judge whether that DC Line Fault electric arc occurs with this, by this
String electric current, voltage and power signal are divided into three sections, carry out digital filtering to each section of voltage, electric current and power signal and are Fu
In leaf transformation, find the characteristic value of key frequency band, make comparisons with given threshold, three segment signal characteristic values both mutually compared and also with often
One section of individual threshold value is compared, and judges whether that DC Line Fault electric arc occurs.
This method S05 is obtained according to the conclusion that obtains of multiplexing comparison algorithm, Time Domain Piecewise fast Fourier analysis algorithm
The priority for the conclusion that conclusion out and the fault detection algorithm based on image procossing obtain is different, finally issues alarm signal
Number, the priority of image criterion is highest, image criterion or frequency domain criterion output abnormality signal, then DC Line Fault electric arc occurs
A possibility that it is larger, and alarm immediately.
The S01 specifically:
According to specific photovoltaic system capacity, header box number, group string number, every string package count, sensor and central processing are reasonably selected
Device parameter, main includes measurement range, the arithmetic speed of precision and processor of sensor, voltage and current before and after acquisition header box
Data.
The S02 specifically:
Data processing is carried out for its site infrare image there are the photovoltaic module of data exception, is intercepted, is confirmed whether that electricity occurs
Arc and electric arc type it is known that electric arc will generate high temperature judge whether that DC Line Fault electric arc occurs using infrared image
It is very intuitive.In direct current system, metal connector loosens, animal grab sting cause line contacts bad etc. reasons may cause hair
The characteristics of raw series direct current electric arc, infrared image is the metallic conductor of high temperature to be coaxially distributed, and because of two damage in insulation branch
For the spacing of road electric wire close to the parallel connection direct electric arc generated, high-temperature part is that parallelly distribute on therefore can be by infrared image
Identifying processing is carried out, judges the type of DC Line Fault electric arc.
The S03 specifically:
According to collected voltage and current data, collection point power and equivalent resistance data everywhere are calculated；Experiment shows
When photovoltaic group string is there is no when DC Line Fault electric arc, equivalent circuit is photo-voltaic power supply and the concatenated form of load resistance, this
When branch current fluctuation it is weaker；If because environmental condition (such as temperature, humidity and intensity of illumination etc.) leads to violent wave
Dynamic, then more string signals can change according to identical rule simultaneously, and equivalent circuit is photo-voltaic power supply, electric arc after DC Line Fault electric arc occurs
The concatenated form of resistance, load resistance, since the acute variation of arc resistance causes the aggravation of branch current fluctuation.Fluctuation
Power indicated by the main features amount such as mean value and variance, and because signal time domain operand very little, it is believed that each string letter
It number collects for the same period, so the photovoltaic group for abnormal signal occurred can be found out using multiplexing comparison algorithm
String.The algorithm greatly reduces the operand of processor, also avoids the erroneous judgement that may cause by environmental catastrophe.
The S04 specifically:
For the multiplexing comparison algorithm just abnormal signal photovoltaic group string sentenced of S03, to its voltage, electric current and power data into
Row Time Domain Piecewise fast Fourier analysis algorithm judges whether that DC Line Fault electric arc occurs with this.We experimentally found that
Before DC Line Fault electric arc does not occur, the high frequency content of signal spectrum is less；In electric arc moment of breaking down, frequency spectrum is the most complicated；
Stablize the signal spectrum of burning arc therebetween.Detailed process are as follows: string electric current, voltage and the power signal are divided into three
Section carries out digital filtering to each section of voltage, electric current and power signal and does Fourier transformation, finds the feature of key frequency band
Value, makes comparisons with given threshold, and three segment signal characteristic values had both mutually compared or had been compared with each section of individual threshold value, judgement
Whether DC Line Fault electric arc is occurred.
The S05 specifically:
The conclusion and base obtained according to the conclusion that obtains of multiplexing comparison algorithm, Time Domain Piecewise fast Fourier analysis algorithm
It is different in the priority for the conclusion that the fault detection algorithm of image procossing obtains, finally issue alarm signal.It is known that image
Processing speed is most slow, but also most reliable, therefore the priority of image criterion is highest；Simultaneously as the importance of protected object,
Once image criterion or frequency domain criterion output abnormality signal, then it is assumed that a possibility that DC Line Fault electric arc occurs is larger, exists side by side
Alarm.
Compared with prior art, the features of the present invention and effect are as follows:
1, judge that precision is high, versatile.Compared to single criterion algorithm, the present invention uses three criterion algorithms, greatly improves standard
Exactness and reliability avoid erroneous judgement situation；The requirement that meets most of photovoltaic system fault diagnosises and protection, is particularly suitable for
Small-scale photovoltaic generating system.
2, multiplexing algorithm it is at low cost, it is easy extension, range is wide, effect is good.Each criterion of the present invention is well arranged, normal
When operation, time-domain criteria is to multiplex algorithm based on comparison algorithm, which is easy extension, and speed is fast, therefore drops significantly
The low requirement to processor performance, reduces the quantity of processor, reduces costs.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is experimental optical photovoltaic generating system structure chart；
Fig. 2 (a) is (b) that photovoltaic system operates normally and occur branch current time domain variation diagram when DC Line Fault electric arc；
Fig. 3 (a) is (b) that photovoltaic system operates normally and occur branch current spectrum distribution situation when DC Line Fault electric arc；
Fig. 4 is that DC Line Fault electric arc time-frequency domain threshold decision occurs；
Fig. 5 (a), (b) be tandem type electric arc infrared imaging figure and parallel connection type electric arc analogous diagram；
Fig. 6 is algorithm flow chart of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described in detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.It is retouched below with reference to attached drawing
The embodiment stated is exemplary, and for explaining only the invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
For the embodiment of the present invention for photovoltaic generating system shown in Fig. 1, putting in embodiment in Fig. 1 ' a ' is artificially to generate
Tandem type DC Line Fault electric arc, analyze DC Line Fault arc-detection algorithm detailed process of the present invention.
Concrete operation process of the invention are as follows: under photovoltaic generating system normal operation, DC Line Fault of the present invention
Detection algorithm rests on the time-domain criteria algorithm stage, is multiplexing comparison algorithm, branch current is as shown in Figure 2 (a), calculates
The mean value and variance of electric current at this time can be obtained, it is seen that no larger fluctuation (data mean value as shown is 5.736A, variance 0.0023).
If because environmental condition leads to big ups and downs, because the algorithm is brief, it is believed that multichannel data is synchronization acquisition, then should
There are multiple adjacent group of strings while abnormal signal occur, adjacent any burst of data may be selected and enter frequency domain criterion algorithm, if
It is no different regular signal, then handles lower a string of electric current time domain data rapidly, does not enter frequency domain criterion, the method can be substantially reduced to place
Manage the requirement of device operational performance.
After generating DC Line Fault electric arc, as shown in Fig. 2 (b), electric current mean value and variance generate acute variation (as schemed at this time
Show that data mean value is 5.482A, variance 0.0077), reach the threshold value of setting, then carry out the operation of S04 step, which is gone here and there
Number i.e. data such as collected voltage, electric current and power carry out Time Domain Piecewise fast Fourier analysis.As shown in Fig. 3 (a) and (b),
After time domain is divided into three sections, multiple fast Fourier analysis, and number is carried out to each section of voltage, electric current and power signal
Fourier transformation is filtered and done, key frequency band characteristic value is found and makes comparisons with given threshold, three segment signal characteristic values were both mutually compared
More also it is compared with each section of individual threshold value, finally judges whether that DC Line Fault electric arc occurs, as shown in Figure 4.The top Fig. 4
For current signal after digital filtering, lower part is frequency-domain analysis operating characteristic value.
The operation of S02 image criterion carries out simultaneously with frequency domain criterion, and in direct current system, series direct current arc fault is infrared
Feature is that the metallic conductor of high temperature is coaxial distribution, as Fig. 5 (a) show typical series direct current arc fault infrared imaging
Figure, it is seen that the infrared imaging figure and Characteristics of The Distribution of Temperature difference in parallel are obvious, are easy to analyze and determine electric arc type.
Finally, the conclusion obtained according to multiplexing comparison algorithm, Time Domain Piecewise fast Fourier analysis algorithm obtain
The priority for the conclusion that conclusion and fault detection algorithm based on image procossing obtain is different, finally issues alarm signal.
This i.e. a kind of new photovoltaic system direct current arc fault discrimination method, Fig. 6 is the flow chart of above-mentioned algorithm.
Claims (5)
1. the discrimination method of a kind of photovoltaic system direct current arc fault and type, it is characterised in that: this method uses figure, time domain
With three criterion algorithm of frequency domain, process is as follows:
S01: installing voltage, current sensor and infrared photography instrument in photovoltaic system header box input terminal, real-time collection voltages,
Current data, and power is obtained by operation；
S02: the fault detection algorithm based on image procossing obtains the conclusion of image criterion, i.e., is set according to image processor performance
It sets Fixed Time Interval to handle infrared image, judge whether that DC Line Fault electric arc occurs and determines fault electric arc type；
S03: according to branch current, the temporal signatures that DC Line Fault electric arc occurs, algorithm is compared using multiplexing, obtains time domain
The conclusion of criterion；
S04: Time Domain Piecewise fast Fourier analysis algorithm is used for abnormal signal branch, obtains the conclusion of frequency domain criterion, i.e.,
Whether the abnormal signal branch occurs DC Line Fault electric arc；
S05: different alarm signals is issued according to different fault types.
2. the discrimination method of a kind of photovoltaic system direct current arc fault according to claim 1 and type, it is characterised in that:
The described method for judging whether that DC Line Fault electric arc occurs and determines fault electric arc type is according to series direct current electric arc and simultaneously
The difference for joining direct-current arc high-temperature part distribution mode, by carrying out identifying processing to infrared image and judging.
3. according to claim 1 or the discrimination method of a kind of 2 described in any item photovoltaic system direct current arc faults and type,
Be characterized in that: this method S03 obtains the conclusion of time-domain criteria, that is, whether there is the branch of abnormal signal；Abnormal signal if it exists
Branch is immediately performed image processing algorithm and further confirms that system mode then regardless of whether S02 arrives setting time.
4. according to claim 1 or the discrimination method of a kind of 2 described in any item photovoltaic system direct current arc faults and type,
It is characterized in that: the abnormal signal photovoltaic group string that this method S04 just sentences for the multiplexing comparison algorithm of S03, to its voltage, electricity
Stream and power data carry out Time Domain Piecewise fast Fourier analysis algorithm, judge whether that DC Line Fault electric arc occurs with this, by this
String electric current, voltage and power signal are divided into three sections, carry out digital filtering to each section of voltage, electric current and power signal and are Fu
In leaf transformation, find the characteristic value of key frequency band, make comparisons with given threshold, three segment signal characteristic values both mutually compared and also with often
One section of individual threshold value is compared, and judges whether that DC Line Fault electric arc occurs.
5. the discrimination method of a kind of photovoltaic system direct current arc fault according to claim 1 and type, it is characterised in that:
This method S05 is according to the conclusion for multiplexing the conclusion for comparing algorithm and obtaining, Time Domain Piecewise fast Fourier analysis algorithm obtains
And the priority of conclusion that the fault detection algorithm based on image procossing obtains is different, finally issues alarm signal, image is sentenced
According to priority be highest, image criterion or frequency domain criterion output abnormality signal, then a possibility that DC Line Fault electric arc occurs
It is larger, and alarm immediately.
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| CN110568327A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-12-13 | 复旦大学 | Photovoltaic system direct current fault arc detection method based on machine learning |
| CN110618366A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2019-12-27 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Direct current arc detection method and device |
| CN111077406A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-04-28 | 西安交通大学 | Direct-current arc fault detection and positioning method based on pulse polarity characteristic distribution spectrogram |
| WO2020192314A1 (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2020-10-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | Energy storage system electric arc detection and protection method and related device |
| CN112305308A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-02-02 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Direct-current arc detection method and device and string inverter |
| CN112332779A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-02-05 | 西安泰峰电器设备厂 | Photovoltaic lightning protection combiner box and control method |
| CN112526243A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-03-19 | 南京航空航天大学 | Sectional type direct current arc noise model, parameter optimization and identification method |
| CN113051423A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-06-29 | 武汉瑞辉科技发展有限公司 | Intelligent online monitoring method for state of power transmission line of intelligent power grid based on big data analysis |
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| CN114487689A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-05-13 | 正泰集团研发中心(上海)有限公司 | Series arc fault detection method, apparatus, device and storage medium |
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| CN110568327A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-12-13 | 复旦大学 | Photovoltaic system direct current fault arc detection method based on machine learning |
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| CN111077406A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-04-28 | 西安交通大学 | Direct-current arc fault detection and positioning method based on pulse polarity characteristic distribution spectrogram |
| CN112305308A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-02-02 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Direct-current arc detection method and device and string inverter |
| CN112305308B (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2023-08-11 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | DC arc detection method, device and string inverter |
| CN112332779A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-02-05 | 西安泰峰电器设备厂 | Photovoltaic lightning protection combiner box and control method |
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| CN113051423A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-06-29 | 武汉瑞辉科技发展有限公司 | Intelligent online monitoring method for state of power transmission line of intelligent power grid based on big data analysis |
| CN113051423B (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2022-02-18 | 曲靖东电电力设计有限公司 | Intelligent online monitoring method for state of power transmission line of intelligent power grid based on big data analysis |
| CN113447773A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-09-28 | 东莞新能安科技有限公司 | Arc detection method and device and energy storage battery system |
| CN113687185A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-23 | 上海交通大学 | Double-conductor topological direct-current arc diagnosis and positioning method and system |
| CN114487689A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-05-13 | 正泰集团研发中心(上海)有限公司 | Series arc fault detection method, apparatus, device and storage medium |
| CN114487689B (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2023-10-03 | 上海正泰电源系统有限公司 | Series arc fault detection method, apparatus, device and storage medium |
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