CN109238987A - A kind of multispectral vehicle exhaust monitoring device - Google Patents

A kind of multispectral vehicle exhaust monitoring device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109238987A
CN109238987A CN201811186126.7A CN201811186126A CN109238987A CN 109238987 A CN109238987 A CN 109238987A CN 201811186126 A CN201811186126 A CN 201811186126A CN 109238987 A CN109238987 A CN 109238987A
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vehicle
multispectral
information
infrared
unit
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CN201811186126.7A
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CN109238987B (en
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胡长青
张宁
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Chengdu Zhongan Ruichen Science And Technology Co Ltd
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Chengdu Zhongan Ruichen Science And Technology Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/314Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry with comparison of measurements at specific and non-specific wavelengths
    • G01N21/3151Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry with comparison of measurements at specific and non-specific wavelengths using two sources of radiation of different wavelengths
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08GTRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00Traffic control systems for road vehicles

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of multispectral vehicle exhaust monitoring devices, including multispectral detection unit, environment acquisition unit, information of vehicles unit and main control unit;Multispectral detection system generates the infrared spectroscopy and ultraviolet spectra of vehicle exhaust;Infrared laser, ultraviolet laser, infrared spectrum detection device, ultraviolet spectra detector, spectral analysis module, environment acquisition unit, video camera, velocity measuring module and acceleration detection module are connect with main control unit respectively.The present invention issues laser from infrared and ultraviolet laser to detection road surface, and is imaged by corresponding multiband detector, and multispectral image is formed, and by analyzing the data of spectrum, obtains the emission data of road surface automobile.Simultaneously by image recognition technology, corresponding license plate number is identified, license plate number and the data of exhaust emissions is corresponding, so that the tail gas for completing more automobiles detects automatically.

Description

A kind of multispectral vehicle exhaust monitoring device
Technical field
The present invention relates to vehicle exhaust monitoring devices, and in particular to arrives a kind of multispectral vehicle exhaust monitoring device.
Background technique
As vehicle guaranteeding organic quantity increases year by year, influence of the automotive emission to atmospheric environment is increasingly severe, machine Motor-car tail gas pollution has become an important factor for influencing urban air-quality.To cope with this situation, country is successively put into effect Multiple relevant criterions are made automotive emission limit value and are distinctly claimed, and do not permit those exhaust emissions vehicle not up to standard Perhaps road travels thereon.For to automotive emission make science, accurate detection, strict control automotive emission, into One step increases Motor Vehicle Emission Control dynamics, it is necessary to reinforce in the detection with Maneuver seeker.
Current main method for detecting automobile exhaust gas is divided into three kinds: fixed test method moves detection method and remote sensing detection Method.Then fixed test method is detected, although can reach very by collecting vehicle exhaust using gas composition analysis equipment High detection accuracy, but since equipment volume is huge, testing process is complicated, and limitation is very big, seldom reuses now.
Mobile detection method is installed on vehicle to be detected by will test equipment, is overcome huge this of equipment volume and is lacked It falls into, there is certain progressive, but it still cannot achieve Fast Installation, real-time monitoring, and every trolley and all installs detection Equipment does not have feasibility.
The remote sensing detection method occurred in recent years, by measurement tail gas to the transmissivity of infrared and ultraviolet wave band analyze its composition at Point, have the characteristics that non-contact real-time, be widely applied, but it requires Laser emission reception device and automobile exhaust Position is relatively fixed, still has limitation for the detection of major vehicular movement.
In-Use Motor Vehicles mainly includes gasoline car and diesel vehicle, and the examination criteria and mode of gasoline car and diesel vehicle be not identical, The quantity of gasoline car is larger with respect to diesel vehicle, and the examination criteria of gasoline car is measured by detecting its exhaust emissions amount, Diesel engine mainly passes through the light obscuration of measurement tail gas, also referred to as opaque rate or smoke intensity etc..
In the prior art in order to realize while detecting, vapour is realized also by the light transmittance of the tail gas of detection gasoline engine The tail gas content detection of oil machine is conducive to realize same detection mode with diesel engine in this way.However this mode detects gasoline Machine, so that detection effect is protected from environmental larger, it is the tail gas due to motor vehicle emission in different temperatures, air pressure, wind speed and drop Diffusion is not identical in the case where rainfall, so that the association between testing result and environment is larger.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of multispectral vehicle exhaust monitoring devices.
In order to achieve the above object, providing a kind of multispectral vehicle exhaust monitoring device in one embodiment of the present of invention, wrap It includes
Multispectral detection unit;Multispectral detection unit includes infrared laser, ultraviolet laser, infrared spectrum detection device, purple External spectrum detector and spectral analysis module;Multispectral detection system is used to believe to carriageway surfacing transmitting is infrared with ultraviolet laser Number, generate the infrared spectroscopy and ultraviolet spectra of vehicle exhaust;
Environment acquisition unit;For acquiring temperature in environment, wind speed, PM value and the information parameter of rainfall;
Information of vehicles unit;Including video camera, velocity measuring module, acceleration detection module;It is respectively used to obtain the figure of vehicle Picture, velocity and acceleration;Video camera is installed by holder;
Main control unit;Including spectral analysis module and image analysis module;Spectral analysis module is used for infrared spectroscopy and ultraviolet Spectrum is parsed, and the parameter of vehicle emission pollutant hydrocarbon, oxynitrides and hydrocarbon is obtained Information;Image analysis module is for obtaining license plate number from the image of vehicle;
Infrared laser, ultraviolet laser, infrared spectrum detection device, ultraviolet spectra detector, spectral analysis module, environment acquisition Unit, video camera, velocity measuring module and acceleration detection module are connect with main control unit respectively.
One of preferred embodiment of the invention, multispectral detection unit further include reflection band.
One of preferred embodiment of the invention, information of vehicles unit are also configured with light source module, and light source module setting exists Video camera periphery is used to provide light source for video camera.
One of preferred embodiment of the invention, video camera are mounted on above road, and video camera is connect with video processor, The signal of processing is sent to main control unit by video processor.
One of preferred embodiment of the invention, main control unit are also configured with communication module, and communication module is used for and vehicle Monitoring platform realizes communication connection.
One of preferred embodiment of the invention, multispectral vehicle exhaust monitoring device further include impermeable optical detecting unit; Impermeable optical detecting unit includes the infrared transmitter and infrared remote receiver for being separately positioned on both sides of the road;Infrared transmitter and infrared Receiver is connect with sub-control processor, and sub-control processor is connect with main control unit.
One of preferred embodiment of the invention, main control unit control video camera first and are acquired to the image of vehicle, After obtaining license plate number according to image, inquiry request is sent to vehicle monitoring platform by communication module, and receive vehicle monitoring The information of vehicles including type of vehicle of platform feedback;And judge that type of vehicle belongs to diesel engine or gasoline engine;When vehicle class When type is determined as the case where gasoline engine, Master Control Center controls multispectral detection unit and detects vehicle exhaust emission;Work as type of vehicle When being determined as diesel engine, Master Control Center controls the light obscuration of impermeable optical detecting unit detection diesel engine vent gas.
One of preferred embodiment of the invention, main control unit judge whether the parameter information of the Vehicular exhaust of acquisition surpasses Mark, if binding the license plate number of the parameter information and acquisition after exceeded, and sending to vehicle monitoring platform includes tail gas The exceeded information of parameter information and license plate number.
After vehicle monitoring platform receives exceeded information, which is deposited for one of preferred embodiment of the invention Storage;And retrieve the license plate number in exceeded information is retrodicting whether have exceeded information in time t;Time t is being retrodicted when retrieving When inside having exceeded information, it is recorded as primary illegal information, and send short message prompt to the associated user of license plate number.
In conclusion the invention has the following advantages that
1, the present invention issues laser from infrared and ultraviolet laser to detection road surface, and is imaged by corresponding multiband detector, Multispectral image is formed, by analyzing the data of spectrum, obtains the emission data of road surface automobile.
2, by image recognition technology, corresponding license plate number is identified, license plate number and the data of exhaust emissions is corresponding, It is detected automatically to complete the tail gas of more automobiles;And the present invention automatically identify tail gas while, can also be tested the speed, It breaks rules and regulations equal monitoring, there is high integration, the significant increase efficiency of existing traffic monitoring apparatus.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the principle of the present invention block diagram.
Specific embodiment
A kind of multispectral vehicle exhaust monitoring device, including multispectral detection unit, environment acquisition unit, information of vehicles list Member and main control unit.
Multispectral detection unit includes infrared laser, ultraviolet laser, infrared spectrum detection device, ultraviolet spectra detector And spectral analysis module;Multispectral detection system is used to emit infrared and ultraviolet laser signal to carriageway surfacing, generates automobile The infrared spectroscopy and ultraviolet spectra of tail gas.
Two spectrum that multispectral detection unit generates are sent to spectral analysis module and are analyzed and processed, analysis module energy Enough from the parameter parsed in spectrum in vehicle exhaust.
Environment acquisition unit;For acquiring temperature in environment, wind speed, PM value and the information parameter of rainfall.The letter of rainfall Real-time rainfall when breath parameter is measurement can obtain the parameter of rainfall by precipitation rain fall sensor.
Information of vehicles unit;Including video camera, velocity measuring module, acceleration detection module;It is respectively used to obtain vehicle Image, velocity and acceleration;Video camera is installed by holder, and holder may be mounted on portal frame, and road is being arranged in just Top, portal frame can also be easily installed velocity measuring module, acceleration detection module etc..
Main control unit includes spectral analysis module and image analysis module;Spectral analysis module is used for infrared spectroscopy and purple External spectrum is parsed, and the ginseng of vehicle emission pollutant hydrocarbon, oxynitrides and hydrocarbon is obtained Number information;Image analysis module is for obtaining license plate number from the image of vehicle.
Infrared laser, ultraviolet laser, infrared spectrum detection device, ultraviolet spectra detector, spectral analysis module, environment Acquisition unit, video camera, velocity measuring module and acceleration detection module are connect with main control unit respectively.Main control unit can Obtaining equipment perhaps the collected information of module and can control above-mentioned module and be acquired movement or hair when needed Corresponding instruction out.
Infrared laser and ultraviolet laser can be mounted on a portal frame by multispectral detection unit of the invention, Infrared spectrum detection device and ultraviolet spectra detector are mounted on another portal frame.The signal of laser transmitting is anti-by ground Penetrate or gas diffusing reflection after enter in the range of receiving of detector.Laser can also be mounted on to the side of road, visited It surveys device and is mounted on the other side.
In optimal enforcement example of the invention, in order to the reflected signal strength of enhanced spectrum, multispectral detection unit is also Including reflecting band, reflection band is arranged on the road of detection zone.
In optimal enforcement example of the invention, information of vehicles unit is also configured with light source module, and light source module setting is imaging Machine periphery is used to provide light source for video camera, can execute clearly camera shooting at night and take pictures.
In optimal enforcement example of the invention, video camera is mounted on above road, and video camera is connect with video processor, video The signal of processing is sent to main control unit by processor, and video processor can obtain screenshot, during the image after screenshot enters The image analyzing unit of control unit is handled, and then obtains license plate number.
In optimal enforcement example of the invention, main control unit is also configured with communication module, and communication module is used for and vehicle monitoring Platform realizes communication connection.
In optimal enforcement example of the invention, multispectral vehicle exhaust monitoring device further includes impermeable optical detecting unit;It is impermeable Optical detecting unit includes the infrared transmitter and infrared remote receiver for being separately positioned on both sides of the road;Infrared transmitter and infrared receiver Device is connect with sub-control processor, and sub-control processor is connect with main control unit.
According to Lambert-Beer law, light obscuration N=(1-I/IO) × 100%;Wherein I is exiting light beam intensity, and IO is Incident intensity.The incident intensity of infrared transmitter of the invention is preset, therefore can directly be obtained according to preset value The numerical value of IO, exiting light beam intensity I are the luminous intensities that infrared remote receiver receives.The light obscuration N that this formula is calculated is practical On be under environmental activity, plume form have occurred and that variation after light obscuration.Because of the experiment condition of Lambert-Beer It is that form, concentration, the quality of absorbing material are detected in the case where not changing under closed environment, the present invention The data detected be actually the wind speed, rainfall the effects of under impermeable light data after gas diffusion, this and vehicle exhaust exist The data that slack speed method or simple condition method measure are devious certainly.For example, simple condition method is that sensor setting exists Measuring inside exhaust pipe is located inside exhaust pipe and not will receive wind speed etc. in environment and influence, i.e., gas will not Quick diffusion phenomena occur, concentration will not reduce.
It is learnt from Lambert-Beer law, concentration reduces after gas diffusion, can absorption coefficient be reduced, of the invention The result that light obscuration N value calculates is relatively low certainly.Therefore, when the gas that the present invention detects will lead to testing number because spreading According to relatively low, it is easy that some exceeded vehicle itself is allowed to evade punishment in this way.
According to the actual fact, car speed is faster, wind speed is bigger, faster, measurement data is inclined for temperature more high diffusivity speed It is small;Rainfall can make rainwater in detection process measurement data can be made bigger than normal some absorption of light when bigger;Air pressure is bigger Molecule diffusion is slow, and detection data is bigger than normal, but actual influence is smaller, therefore does not consider that air pressure bring influences.Therefore, of the invention The actual light obscuration M=1/6*K of vehicle1*K2*N;Wherein K1And K2For calibration factor under the influence of extraneous factor.The present invention People learns calibration factor K according to many experiments1With vehicle velocity V 1(metre per second (m/s)), wind speed V2, temperature T be positively correlated;That is vehicle velocity V 1, wind Fast V2, temperature T are bigger, K1Value is higher, and is greater than 1;With rainfall P at inverse correlation;That is rainfall (millimeter/square metre) bigger, K2 Value is lower, and is between 0 ~ 1.
That is calibration factor
Calibration factor.Due to the unit disunity of calibration factor, the value of calibration factor is subject to absolute value, Without containing unit, i.e., not unit of account when parameters calculate in the calculating process of calibration factor, evaluation.
Comparative test:
It is tested in laboratory, choosing in different time, there is different temperatures, wind speed and rainfall to be tested.Wind speed can be with By air-blower control, temperature can be controlled by airconditioning control, rainfall using spray equipment.
Test 1: vehicle exhaust is packed into air bag by collection part vehicle exhaust.Air bag is bundled in linear guide, is allowed Air bag can be moved in a straight line with guide rail.When test starts, linear guide is run with certain speed, and the gas in air bag is allowed to be pressurized It is discharged from air bag.Impermeable optical detecting unit setting of the invention carries out the gas of the air bag discharge of process in guide rail two sides Detection.Calculation formula: M=1/6*K1*K2*N ;N=(1-I/IO) × 100%.N is the light obscuration for testing detection unit measurement in 1 Parameter.
Test 2: the generator of light obscuration detection unit and receiver are arranged in closed container, in closed environment Then vehicle exhaust filled with collection detects the tail gas in closed container, blower is not turned in test 2, air-conditioning is protected 25 DEG C are held, vehicle exhaust is static, without rainfall.Detection parameters and the following table 1 of data.V1/V2, temperature, rainfall in table 1 Parameter is parameter used in test 1, unrelated with test 2.Calculation formula are as follows: N=(1-I/IO) × 100%.N is in test 2 The impermeable light data of detection unit measurement.
Two groups of tests use same vehicle exhaust, are carrying out same class testing examination, are using same temperature, air pressure, people Work rainfall etc., wherein V1 is linear guide speed, and V2 is the wind speed near the guide rail tested after blower is opened, and unit is equal For m/s, rainfall unit is every square metre of millimeter daily.
Table 1: 1 detection data of test
Experimental group V1 V2 Temperature Rainfall K1 K2 1/6*K1*K2
1 5 1 5 2 7.38 0.87 1.07
2 10 2 5 5 7.658 0.799 1.02
3 12 3 10 5 7.85 0.799 1.04
4 20 6 25 15 8.357 0.702 0.975
5 30 6 30 20 8.382 0.681 0.945
Wherein C=1/6*K1*K2Can be understood as C is detection unit when being detected in open-air atmosphere, under the influence of environment Overall calibration factor.From table 1 it follows that the degree of correlation of C and rainfall and wind speed and speed are larger, with temperature phase Guan Du is lower.
Table 2: the test result of test 1 and test 2
Experimental group Test 1 Test 2
1 1.78 1.69
2 1.94 2.03
3 1.23 1.26
4 1.46 1.54
5 1.16 1.21
From table 1 and 2 as can be seen that in every group of test of 1 ~ experimental group of experimental group 5, the test result of test 1 and test 2 has centainly Deviation, but it is smaller.Test 2 is the test carried out in ecotopia, is not influenced by environment, therefore as a result, quasi- True.Test 1 is tested in the case where other environment influence.
From Table 2, it can be seen that the data of test 1 and test 2 are closer to, illustrate that energy after calibration factor is added in test 1 Enough accurate datas with test 1 are closer to, and improve the reliability of the data of actual test.The calibration factor of test 1 can be with It is calculated by the parameter in table 1, accuracy can be significantly improved after the addition of calibration factor.Therefore the number of test 1 According to very close with the data of test 2, illustrate to can be improved the goodness of fit of detected value and actual value after calibrating, can allow inspection Survey is more nearly.
In optimal enforcement example of the invention, main control unit controls video camera first and is acquired to the image of vehicle, according to After image obtains license plate number, inquiry request is sent to vehicle monitoring platform by communication module, and receive vehicle monitoring platform The information of vehicles including type of vehicle of feedback;And judge that type of vehicle belongs to diesel engine or gasoline engine;When type of vehicle is sentenced When the case where being set to gasoline engine, Master Control Center controls multispectral detection unit and detects vehicle exhaust emission;When type of vehicle determines When for diesel engine, Master Control Center controls the light obscuration of impermeable optical detecting unit detection diesel engine vent gas.
The embodiment of the invention is to be able to be monitored according to the type of vehicle.Vehicle monitoring platform contains all The information of registered vehicle, including license plate number, owner, vehicle can accurately be learnt with time, discharge capacity and fuel oil model Vehicle belongs to gasoline car or diesel vehicle.Vehicle monitoring platform can be the traffic administration platform of existing vehicle administration office management;Or The platform with information of vehicles of other traffic administration institutes of person management.
When vehicle is determined as gasoline car, need through the monitoring to pollutant concentrations such as nitrogen oxides, these pollutants It can be detected by spectrum.Likewise, can realize tail by the monitoring of light obscuration when vehicle is set to diesel vehicle Gas pollution monitoring, these pollutants can be detected by light obscuration or light transmittance, transmissivity.
In optimal enforcement example of the invention, main control unit judges whether the parameter information of the Vehicular exhaust of acquisition is exceeded, if The license plate number of the parameter information and acquisition is bound after exceeded, and sending to vehicle monitoring platform includes that tail gas parameter is believed The exceeded information of breath and license plate number.After vehicle monitoring platform receives exceeded information, which is stored;And it retrieves License plate number in exceeded information is retrodicting whether have exceeded information in time t;There is exceeded letter when retrieving retrodicting in time t When breath, it is recorded as primary illegal information, and send short message prompt to the associated user of license plate number.
According to relevant laws and regulations, if exceeded to determine whether by the data that remote sensing equipment detects, need continuous six In a month once detection be judged as it is exceeded, can be determined vehicle belong to it is illegal exceeded.I.e. if within six months only It once will not then be determined illegal exceeded.
The present embodiment is designed for above-mentioned regulation, when the parameter letter of the Vehicular exhaust of this main control unit acquisition After breath belongs to exceeded information, vehicle monitoring platform is sent to after being bound, it is exceeded that vehicle monitoring platform is stored with all vehicles Information.When can be retrieved according to this information vehicle monitoring platform with license plate number, and then can learn this monitoring Between before, that is, retrodict in the time whether there are also illegal information.When detecting that there are also other illegal exceeded information to exist, then meet The judgement requirement of regulation, can be determined as illegal exceeded.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of multispectral vehicle exhaust monitoring device, it is characterised in that: including
Multispectral detection unit;
Multispectral detection unit include infrared laser, ultraviolet laser, infrared spectrum detection device, ultraviolet spectra detector and Spectral analysis module;Multispectral detection system is used to emit infrared and ultraviolet laser signal to carriageway surfacing, generates vehicle exhaust Infrared spectroscopy and ultraviolet spectra;
Environment acquisition unit;For acquiring temperature in environment, wind speed, PM value and the information parameter of rainfall;
Information of vehicles unit;Including video camera, velocity measuring module, acceleration detection module;It is respectively used to obtain the figure of vehicle Picture, velocity and acceleration;The video camera is installed by holder;
Main control unit;Including spectral analysis module and image analysis module;Spectral analysis module is used for infrared spectroscopy and ultraviolet Spectrum is parsed, and the parameter of vehicle emission pollutant hydrocarbon, oxynitrides and hydrocarbon is obtained Information;Image analysis module is for obtaining license plate number from the image of vehicle;
The infrared laser, ultraviolet laser, infrared spectrum detection device, ultraviolet spectra detector, spectral analysis module, environment Acquisition unit, video camera, velocity measuring module and acceleration detection module are connect with main control unit respectively.
2. multispectral vehicle exhaust monitoring device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the multispectral detection unit is also Including reflecting band.
3. multispectral vehicle exhaust monitoring device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the information of vehicles unit is also matched It is equipped with light source module, the light source module setting is used to provide light source for video camera on video camera periphery.
4. multispectral vehicle exhaust monitoring device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the video camera is mounted on road Top, video camera are connect with video processor, and the signal of processing is sent to main control unit by video processor.
5. multispectral vehicle exhaust monitoring device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the main control unit is also configured with Communication module, the communication module are used to realize with vehicle monitoring platform and communicate to connect.
6. multispectral vehicle exhaust monitoring device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the multispectral vehicle exhaust prison Surveying device further includes impermeable optical detecting unit;The impermeable optical detecting unit includes the infrared emission for being separately positioned on both sides of the road Device and infrared remote receiver;The infrared transmitter and infrared remote receiver are connect with sub-control processor, sub-control processor and master control list Member connection.
7. multispectral vehicle exhaust monitoring device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the main control unit controls first Video camera is acquired the image of vehicle, after obtaining license plate number according to image, by communication module to vehicle monitoring platform Inquiry request is sent, and receives the information of vehicles including type of vehicle of vehicle monitoring platform feedback;And judge type of vehicle category In diesel engine or gasoline engine;When type of vehicle being determined as gasoline engine the case where, Master Control Center controls multispectral detection unit Detect vehicle exhaust emission;When type of vehicle is determined as diesel engine, Master Control Center controls impermeable optical detecting unit and detects diesel oil The light obscuration of tail gas.
8. multispectral vehicle exhaust monitoring device as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the main control unit judgement acquisition Vehicular exhaust parameter information it is whether exceeded, if the license plate number of the parameter information and acquisition is bound after exceeded, and The exceeded information including tail gas parameter information and license plate number is sent to vehicle monitoring platform.
9. multispectral vehicle exhaust monitoring device as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that: the vehicle monitoring platform receives To after exceeded information, which is stored;And retrieve the license plate number in exceeded information retrodict in time t whether have it is super Mark information;When retrieving when retrodicting has exceeded information in time t, it is recorded as primary illegal information, and be associated with to license plate number User send short message prompt.
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