CN109238937A - A kind of test method of lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm porosity - Google Patents

A kind of test method of lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm porosity Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109238937A
CN109238937A CN201811095526.7A CN201811095526A CN109238937A CN 109238937 A CN109238937 A CN 109238937A CN 201811095526 A CN201811095526 A CN 201811095526A CN 109238937 A CN109238937 A CN 109238937A
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China
Prior art keywords
ion battery
lithium ion
ceramic diaphragm
battery ceramic
porosity
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CN201811095526.7A
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Inventor
许飞
赵永锋
陈芳杰
李莉
戚凤晓
史瑞星
席凯凯
谭倩
王宗葆
冯营
李明军
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Duofuduo (jiaozuo) Amperex Technology Ltd
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Duofuduo (jiaozuo) Amperex Technology Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/08Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
    • G01N15/088Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of test methods of lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm porosity, belong to lithium ion battery process material evaluation field.The test method of lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm porosity of the invention, comprising the following steps: the apparent volume of measurement lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm sample is recorded as V0;Using Archimedes principle-gas expansion displacement method measurement lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm sample skeleton volume, it is denoted as V1;The porosity of the diaphragm: P=(V is calculated according to the following formula0‑V1)/V0* 100%.The test method of lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm porosity of the invention, easy to operate, process is easy to standardize and quantify, and test equipment and condition requirement are low, can relatively accurately measure the porosity of ceramic diaphragm, strong operability.

Description

A kind of test method of lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm porosity
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of test methods of lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm porosity, belong to lithium ion battery process material Expect evaluation field.
Background technique
Diaphragm is the important component of lithium ion battery, mainly plays ion conducting and electronic isolation, existing production The polyethylene or polypropylene diaphragm of industry, because thickness, intensity and porosity etc. cannot integrally be taken into account, high temperature resistant and resistance to high current are filled Discharge performance is poor, so as to cause there are huge security risks on dynamic lithium battery is applied.Not for existing membrane properties Foot, research institution of various countries and enterprise are actively working to the development of high-performance power lithium battery diaphragm.Wherein, it is coated in membrane surface One layer of Al2O3、SiO2Or other heat resistant type inorganic matter ceramic particles, it is handled through special process and bond matrix is close, it will be organic The flexibility and the good thermal stability of inorganic matter of object are combined together into mainstream development trend.Inorganic coat on the one hand can be with Thermal runaway caused by PP, PE diaphragm are heat-shrinked is solved to cause the safety problem of cells burst, explosion, on the other hand, due to The ability that Ceramic Composite diaphragm and electrolyte and positive and negative pole material have good infiltration and imbibition to protect liquid, can increase substantially battery Service life.
The porosity of diaphragm is too low, leads to poor air permeability, and conductivity is low, and porosity is excessively high, and the puncture ability of diaphragm subtracts Weak, shrinking percentage increases and mechanical property is deteriorated, and there are security risks, therefore diaphragm porosity is in diaphragm production and use process Important Con trolling index, but composite diaphragm is difficult with traditional weight method since the density of different materials is not quite similar come quasi- The really porosity of measurement ceramic diaphragm.
Currently, there are many method of the porosity of test ceramic coating membrane, but process is cumbersome and test process is without regulation Model and quantization, subjective factor are affected to test result.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of be simple to operate and friendly to environment, lithium ion battery ceramics that testing efficiency is high every The test method of membrane porosity.
In order to achieve the goal above, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of test method of lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm porosity, comprising the following steps:
The apparent volume for measuring lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm sample, is recorded as V0
The skeleton volume of lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm sample is measured using Archimedes principle-gas expansion displacement method, It is denoted as V1
The porosity of the lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm is calculated according to the following formula:
P=(V0-V1)/V0* 100%.
The test method of lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm porosity of the invention, easy to operate, process is easy to standardize and measure Change, test equipment and condition requirement are low, can relatively accurately measure the porosity of ceramic diaphragm, strong operability.It needs to illustrate It is heretofore described skeleton volume containing closed pore volume.
The present invention measures Archimedes principle-gas expansion used by lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm sample skeleton volume Displacement method is the inert gas Bohr law (PV=nRT) under certain condition using small molecule diameter, by measurement due to The skeleton volume that the reduction that sample test chamber is put into sample test chamber gas capacity caused by sample accurately to measure sample (contains Closed pore), the as true volume of ceramic diaphragm.Gas expansion displacement method is the body for replacing liquid assay sample to be discharged with gas Product eliminates a possibility that immersion method dissolves sample, has the advantages that not damage sample.Since gas can penetrate into pole in sample The irregular hole of small hole and surface, therefore the sample volume measured is closer to the skeleton volume of sample.
Preferably, the lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm sample is regular shape on the surface in vertical thickness direction.Such as, institute Stating regular shape is rectangle, circle or diamond shape.Apparent body is convenient for using the lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm sample of regular shape Long-pending calculating;As regular shape be rectangle when, according to the thickness of rectangular length and width and sample, according to V0=long × wide × Thickness can calculate the apparent volume of sample.The apparent volume of sample is using measuring tools such as calibrator, rulers to the ruler of style After very little measurement, in order to guarantee the measuring accuracy of sample apparent volume, the precision of calibrator is at least 1 μm.In order to improve measurement Accuracy can also use other more accurate measuring instruments.
Preferably, the skeleton volume for measuring lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm sample carries out in real density instrument.
Preferably, the test method of above-mentioned lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm porosity further includes using Archimedes principle- Before gas expansion displacement method measures the skeleton volume of lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm sample, lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm is carried out Heating and thermal insulation processing.The purpose for carrying out heating and thermal insulation processing is the moisture for removing possible remaining in ceramic diaphragm sample hole, is mentioned The accuracy of height test.More preferred, heating and thermal insulation processing should carry out after test apparent volume is completed.
Preferably, the temperature of the heating and thermal insulation processing is 50~80 DEG C.The time of heating and thermal insulation processing is 0.5~ 2h。
The ceramic diaphragm includes basement membrane and is arranged in epilamellar ceramic coating.
Preferably, the basement membrane is polyolefin film.The ceramic coating includes ceramic particle and binder.
Preferably, the ceramic coating is aluminum oxide coating layer.
It is further preferred that the polyolefin film is PP film.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the test method of lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm porosity in embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the following further describes the technical solution of the present invention.
The real density instrument used in specific embodiment is Ultra PYC 1200e (Kang Ta instrument company of the U.S.).
The preparation method of lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm in specific embodiment, comprising the following steps:
1) raw material PP is subjected to melting extrusion, is heat-treated to obtain polyolefin film after cooling;The hole of polyolefin film Diameter is between 40~100nm;
2) vertical and horizontal stretching is carried out to polyolefin film respectively, is cut, is wound after thermal finalization;
3) basement membrane after winding is placed on coating machine, by ceramic slurry be coated in membrane surface obtain ceramic coated every Film to get;Ceramic slurry includes alumina particle and binder, and the mass ratio of alumina particle and binder is 99:1, is adopted Binder is aqueous polyacrylamide acrylic binders;The average grain diameter of alumina particle is 0.5 μm.
Embodiment 1
The test method of the lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm porosity of the present embodiment, flow chart is as shown in Figure 1, specifically include Following steps:
1) lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm is taken, cuts the cuboid lithium ion battery ceramics of appropriate size along straight steel ruler with knife Diaphragm is as sample to be tested;
Length, the width that rectangular-shape sample to be tested is measured with straight steel ruler, with miking rectangular-shape sample to be tested Thickness (thickness is repeatedly measured and is averaged), according to V0=length × width x thickness calculates the apparent volume V of sample to be tested0
2) sample to be tested is placed in 60 DEG C of air dry oven and keeps the temperature 1h, it is cold to be placed in progress nature in drier But, sample to be tested is put in real density instrument, carries out the measurement of true volume, the true volume measured is denoted as V1, i.e. bone Frame body product (contains closed pore);
3) according to formula P=(V0-V1)/V0* 100%, calculate the porosity of sample to be tested to get.
Embodiment 2
The lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm that thickness is about 20 μm, 18 μm and 16 μm three kinds of different sizes is chosen respectively, according to The test method of lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm porosity in embodiment 1, the porosity data tested are shown in Table 1.
The porosity of the lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm of 1 three kinds of different sizes of table
The test method of lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm porosity of the invention is obtained it can be seen from upper table data Data error is smaller, and data are more acurrate, and test process is simple, convenient, fast, lower to equipment requirement, illustrates the present invention Ceramic diaphragm porosity test method it is stable, reliable.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of test method of lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm porosity, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
The apparent volume for measuring lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm sample, is recorded as V0
Using Archimedes principle-gas expansion displacement method measurement lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm sample skeleton volume, it is denoted as V1
The porosity of the lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm is calculated according to the following formula:
P=(V0-V1)/V0* 100%.
2. the test method of lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm porosity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the lithium Ion battery ceramic diaphragm sample is regular shape on the surface in vertical thickness direction.
3. the test method of lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm porosity according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the rule Then shape is rectangle, circle or diamond shape.
4. the test method of lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm porosity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: measurement lithium The skeleton volume of ion battery ceramic diaphragm sample carries out in real density instrument.
5. the test method of lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm porosity according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: using Ah Before base Mead principle-gas expansion displacement method measurement lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm sample skeleton volume, by lithium ion battery Ceramic diaphragm carries out heating and thermal insulation processing.
6. the test method of lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm porosity according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described to add The temperature of hot isothermal holding is 50~80 DEG C, and the time is 0.5~2h.
CN201811095526.7A 2018-09-19 2018-09-19 A kind of test method of lithium ion battery ceramic diaphragm porosity Pending CN109238937A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111398127A (en) * 2020-04-26 2020-07-10 安徽科达新材料有限公司 Method for testing porosity of lithium ion battery pole piece
CN112098301A (en) * 2020-09-22 2020-12-18 国联汽车动力电池研究院有限责任公司 Method for testing porosity of diaphragm
CN112362549A (en) * 2019-12-25 2021-02-12 万向一二三股份公司 Method for measuring porosity of lithium ion battery pole piece
CN114221046A (en) * 2021-11-16 2022-03-22 天津力神电池股份有限公司 Method for testing residual space volume in hard-shell lithium ion battery
CN114646731A (en) * 2022-03-10 2022-06-21 欣旺达电动汽车电池有限公司 Decomposition method for irreversible expansion of battery pole piece

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WO2008145797A1 (en) * 2007-05-28 2008-12-04 Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas Device for determining the porosity of thin films and use thereof
CN103134743A (en) * 2011-12-02 2013-06-05 天津市捷威动力工业有限公司 Method of testing porosity
CN203758871U (en) * 2014-03-28 2014-08-06 贝士德仪器科技(北京)有限公司 True density and porosity analyzer
CN205538579U (en) * 2016-01-28 2016-08-31 新乡市中科科技有限公司 Lithium ion battery diaphragm porosity test system
CN106769599A (en) * 2016-12-03 2017-05-31 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 Method for testing porosity of lithium ion battery pole piece
CN107843533A (en) * 2017-10-26 2018-03-27 东莞市创明电池技术有限公司 Barrier film porosity method of testing

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008145797A1 (en) * 2007-05-28 2008-12-04 Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas Device for determining the porosity of thin films and use thereof
CN103134743A (en) * 2011-12-02 2013-06-05 天津市捷威动力工业有限公司 Method of testing porosity
CN203758871U (en) * 2014-03-28 2014-08-06 贝士德仪器科技(北京)有限公司 True density and porosity analyzer
CN205538579U (en) * 2016-01-28 2016-08-31 新乡市中科科技有限公司 Lithium ion battery diaphragm porosity test system
CN106769599A (en) * 2016-12-03 2017-05-31 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 Method for testing porosity of lithium ion battery pole piece
CN107843533A (en) * 2017-10-26 2018-03-27 东莞市创明电池技术有限公司 Barrier film porosity method of testing

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112362549A (en) * 2019-12-25 2021-02-12 万向一二三股份公司 Method for measuring porosity of lithium ion battery pole piece
CN111398127A (en) * 2020-04-26 2020-07-10 安徽科达新材料有限公司 Method for testing porosity of lithium ion battery pole piece
CN112098301A (en) * 2020-09-22 2020-12-18 国联汽车动力电池研究院有限责任公司 Method for testing porosity of diaphragm
CN114221046A (en) * 2021-11-16 2022-03-22 天津力神电池股份有限公司 Method for testing residual space volume in hard-shell lithium ion battery
CN114221046B (en) * 2021-11-16 2023-08-25 天津力神电池股份有限公司 Method for testing residual space volume in hard shell lithium ion battery
CN114646731A (en) * 2022-03-10 2022-06-21 欣旺达电动汽车电池有限公司 Decomposition method for irreversible expansion of battery pole piece
CN114646731B (en) * 2022-03-10 2023-10-20 欣旺达动力科技股份有限公司 Decomposition method for irreversible expansion of battery pole piece

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Address after: 454191 Industrial Cluster Area, Jiaozuo City, Henan Province, Standardized Workshop Area on the North Side of Xinyuan Road, West Park

Applicant after: Multi-fluorine New Energy Technology Co., Ltd.

Address before: 454191 Henan Jiaozuo industrial agglomeration area, West Park, Xinyuan Road, north side of the standardization workshop.

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Application publication date: 20190118