CN109236547A - 一种组合式多级获能潮流能发电平台 - Google Patents

一种组合式多级获能潮流能发电平台 Download PDF

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CN109236547A
CN109236547A CN201811389600.6A CN201811389600A CN109236547A CN 109236547 A CN109236547 A CN 109236547A CN 201811389600 A CN201811389600 A CN 201811389600A CN 109236547 A CN109236547 A CN 109236547A
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capacitation
current energy
collection flow
flow cartridge
transmission shaft
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CN109236547B (zh
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王世明
王家之
李淼淼
李嘉鹏
龙振东
李泽宇
贾巧娇
马晨倍
龚芳芳
刘安东
董超
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Shanghai Maritime University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1805—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem
    • F03B13/1825—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem for 360° rotation
    • F03B13/183—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem for 360° rotation of a turbine-like wom
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1805—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem
    • F03B13/1825—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem for 360° rotation
    • F03B13/184—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is hinged to the rem for 360° rotation of a water-wheel type wom
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种组合式多级获能潮流能发电平台，其包括：水面潮流能发电系统，包括集流筒、浮体、旋转叶轮和第一发电机，所述浮体对称设置在所述集流筒的左右两侧，且所述浮体与所述集流筒的轴线位于同一水平面上，所述旋转叶轮安装在所述集流筒的内部，所述第一发电机与所述旋转叶轮相连接；水下潮流能发电系统，包括获能传动轴、碗式获能器和第二发电机，所述获能传动轴竖直固定在所述集流筒底部，所述碗式获能器安装在所述获能传动轴上，所述碗式获能器用于捕获任意流向的潮流能，并驱动所述获能传动轴转动，所述获能传动轴还经锥齿轮副与所述第二发电机相连接，所述第二发电机安装在所述集流筒中。本发明发电效率高、结构简单，制造成本低。

Description

一种组合式多级获能潮流能发电平台
技术领域
本发明涉及发电装置技术领域，尤其涉及一种组合式多级获能潮流能发电平台。
背景技术
潮汐是海水在月球、太阳等引力作用下形成的周期性海水涨落现象，海水潮汐伴随两种运动形态：一是涨潮和退潮引起的海水垂直升降，即通常所指的潮汐；二是海水的水平运动，即海流。前者(海水垂直升降)所携带的能量(潮汐能)为势能；而后者所携带的能量(潮流能)为动能。与其他发电方式相比，利用潮流能发电有以下特点：潮流能使一种可再生的清洁能源；潮流能的能量密度远大于风能和太阳能，且总储量巨大；潮流能是一种可随时间、空间而变化的能源，但其变化有规律可循，并可提前预测预报；潮流能发电无需拦海建坝，对海洋环境影响小。因此，开发设计能利用潮流能发电的装置不仅对于能源领域具有非常重要的意义，对于环境保护领域也同样意义重大。
发明内容
本发明主要是解决现有技术中所存在的技术问题，从而提供一种发电效率高的组合式多级获能潮流能发电平台。
本发明的上述技术问题主要是通过下述技术方案得以解决的：
本发明提供的组合式多级获能潮流能发电平台，其包括：
水面潮流能发电系统，包括集流筒、浮体、旋转叶轮和第一发电机，所述浮体对称设置在所述集流筒的左右两侧，且所述浮体与所述集流筒的轴线位于同一水平面上，所述旋转叶轮旋转安装在所述集流筒的内部，所述第一发电机与所述旋转叶轮相连接；
水下潮流能发电系统，包括获能传动轴、碗式获能器和第二发电机，所述获能传动轴竖直固定在所述集流筒底部，所述碗式获能器安装在所述获能传动轴上，所述碗式获能器用于捕获任意流向的潮流能，并驱动所述获能传动轴转动，所述获能传动轴还经锥齿轮副与所述第二发电机相连接，所述第二发电机安装在所述集流筒中。
进一步地，所述水面潮流能发电系统还包括导流体，所述导流体固定在所述集流筒的进口内侧上部，且所述导流体的下表面与所述集流筒的轴线相平齐。
进一步地，所述碗式获能器包括多个碗式获能器单体，多个碗式获能器单体沿所述获能传动轴的高度方向交错分布，每个所述碗式获能器单体包括连接套筒和多个碗状件，所述连接套筒固定在所述获能传动轴上，多个碗状件均布在所述连接套筒的四周，且每个碗状件经连接杆与所述连接套筒固定连接。
进一步地，所述浮体的下表面还设有双尾舵。
进一步地，所述锥齿轮副的外部还设有密封齿轮箱。
进一步地，所述集流筒的前端还设有集流罩。
本发明的有益效果在于：通过集流筒保持半腔进水状态，水流对旋转叶轮冲击带动第一发电机进行发电，同时，利用碗式获能器的凸面流速大，压强小；凹进部分的流速小，压强大的原理，使水下的碗式获能器始终保持朝同一转向转动，从而可以带动获能传动轴单向旋转，进而通过锥齿轮副把能量传递给第二发电机产生电能，其发电效率高、结构简单，制造成本低。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明的组合式多级获能潮流能发电平台的结构示意图；
图2是本发明的组合式多级获能潮流能发电平台的内部结构示意图；
图3是本发明的组合式多级获能潮流能发电平台的双尾舵的安装位置示意图；
图4是本发明的组合式多级获能潮流能发电平台的碗式获能器的结构示意图；
图5是本发明的组合式多级获能潮流能发电平台的导流体的作业原理图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
参阅图1-2所示，本发明的组合式多级获能潮流能发电平台，其包括：
水面潮流能发电系统1，包括集流筒11、浮体12、旋转叶轮13和第一发电机14，浮体12对称设置在集流筒11的左右两侧，且浮体12与集流筒11的轴线位于同一水平面上，旋转叶轮13旋转安装在集流筒11的内部，第一发电机14与旋转叶轮13相连接；本发明中，浮体12用于给整个装置提供浮力，具体地，当水流在贴近海面时水的流速最大，集流筒11保持半腔进水时，水流对旋转叶轮13造成的冲击效果最好。参阅图5所示，为了保持集流筒11的半腔进水，水面潮流能发电系统还包括导流体15，导流体15固定在集流筒11的进口内侧上部，且导流体15的下表面与集流筒11的轴线相平齐。本实施例中，导流体15的截面为直角三角形，导流体15不仅能够保持集流筒11的半腔进水，而且当浪过大时，还可以把没过集流筒11上半部分的海水顺着直角三角形的斜边引导至旋转叶轮13的下半部分，增加对旋转叶轮13的冲击，提高发电效率。
水下潮流能发电系统2，包括获能传动轴21、碗式获能器22和第二发电机23，获能传动轴21竖直固定在集流筒11底部，碗式获能器22安装在获能传动轴21上，碗式获能器22用于捕获任意流向的潮流能，并驱动获能传动轴21转动，获能传动轴21还经锥齿轮副24与第二发电机23相连接，第二发电机23安装在集流筒11中。
本发明通过集流筒11保持半腔进水状态，水流对旋转叶轮13冲击带动第一发电机14进行发电，同时，利用碗式获能器22的凸面流速大，压强小；凹进部分的流速小，压强大的原理，使水下的碗式获能器22始终保持朝同一转向转动，从而可以带动获能传动轴21单向旋转，进而通过锥齿轮副24把能量传递给第二发电机产生电能，其发电效率高、结构简单，制造成本低。
参阅图4所示，碗式获能器22包括多个碗式获能器单体，多个碗式获能器单体沿获能传动轴的高度方向交错分布，每个碗式获能器单体包括连接套筒221和多个碗状件222，连接套筒221固定在获能传动轴21上，多个碗状件222均布在连接套筒221的四周，且每个碗状件222经连接杆223与连接套筒221固定连接。本实施例中，碗式获能器单体采用上下两层设计，其目的是：避免碗式获能器单体在转动过程中作用给获能转动轴21的力始终作用于轴的一个点，防止获能转动轴21的折断，提高获能转动轴21的抗大风浪的能力。
参阅图3所示，浮体12的下表面还设有双尾舵16。双尾舵16的作用是保持集流筒11始终处于迎接来流方向，让旋转叶轮13始终处于迎接来流状态。
较佳地，锥齿轮副24的外部还设有密封齿轮箱25。以及，集流筒11的前端还设有集流罩17。
综上所述，本发明的优点在于：
1).导流体15结合浮体12，可以使集流筒11始终保持半腔进水的最佳发电状态。当风浪过大水流超过半腔时，导流体15可以把超过半腔的水流引导至集流筒11下半腔，提高发电效率。
2).设有碗式获能器22，可以收集任意流向的潮流能，提高发电效率。
3).碗式获能器22分层，减小获能传动轴21的最大受力，提高发电系统的稳定性和发电效率。
4).利用浮体12作为依托位于海面，可以作为一个平台，为渔业养殖、科研、航海所需的各种用电设备提供电能。
以上，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何不经过创造性劳动想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所限定的保护范围为准。

Claims (6)

1.一种组合式多级获能潮流能发电平台，其特征在于，包括：
水面潮流能发电系统，包括集流筒、浮体、旋转叶轮和第一发电机，所述浮体对称设置在所述集流筒的左右两侧，且所述浮体与所述集流筒的轴线位于同一水平面上，所述旋转叶轮安装在所述集流筒的内部，所述第一发电机与所述旋转叶轮相连接；
水下潮流能发电系统，包括获能传动轴、碗式获能器和第二发电机，所述获能传动轴竖直固定在所述集流筒底部，所述碗式获能器安装在所述获能传动轴上，所述碗式获能器用于捕获任意流向的潮流能，并驱动所述获能传动轴转动，所述获能传动轴还经锥齿轮副与所述第二发电机相连接，所述第二发电机安装在所述集流筒中。
2.如权利要求1所述的组合式多级获能潮流能发电平台，其特征在于，所述水面潮流能发电系统还包括导流体，所述导流体固定在所述集流筒的进口内侧上部，且所述导流体的下表面与所述集流筒的轴线相平齐。
3.如权利要求2所述的组合式多级获能潮流能发电平台，其特征在于，所述碗式获能器包括多个碗式获能器单体，多个碗式获能器单体沿所述获能传动轴的高度方向交错分布，每个所述碗式获能器单体包括连接套筒和多个碗状件，所述连接套筒固定在所述获能传动轴上，多个碗状件均布在所述连接套筒的四周，且每个碗状件经连接杆与所述连接套筒固定连接。
4.如权利要求1所述的组合式多级获能潮流能发电平台，其特征在于，所述浮体的下表面还设有双尾舵。
5.如权利要求4所述的组合式多级获能潮流能发电平台，其特征在于，所述锥齿轮副的外部还设有密封齿轮箱。
6.如权利要求5所述的组合式多级获能潮流能发电平台，其特征在于，所述集流筒的前端还设有集流罩。
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