CN109236201B - Centering guide - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a centralizer for horizontal well workover, the centralizer includes: the device comprises a righting mechanism and a rotary pipe column provided with a central pipe, a power mechanism and an unlocking mechanism; wherein the center tube has opposing first and second ends; righting the mechanism with be provided with first rolling member between the center tube, righting the mechanism and including: the upper righting seat, the righting block and the lower righting seat are sleeved outside the central tube from the first end to the second end in sequence; the power mechanism comprises: the driving piece is connected with the lower righting seat through a second rolling piece; the unlocking mechanism includes: and the anti-rotation joint is connected with the upper righting seat through a third rolling part and is fixedly connected with the first end of the central pipe. The application provides a centralizer can effectively realize between two parties of tubular column in the horizontal well workover, guarantees to creep into the accuracy of target to frictional resistance when can reducing the tubular column rotation.

Description

Centering guide

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of horizontal well workover in an oil field development process, in particular to a centralizer.

Background

A horizontal well is a well having a well bore that has an angle of inclination of at or near 90 ° and a length of well bore that is drilled horizontally. The well bore of the horizontal well horizontally extends for a certain distance in the oil reservoir, and compared with the common vertical well, the horizontal well can increase the contact area with the oil-gas reservoir. Therefore, horizontal wells have become an important means for increasing the productivity and recovery of oil wells.

The horizontal well workover treatment is a maintenance measure which is taken to ensure that the horizontal well can be used smoothly. For example, a common horizontal well workover procedure includes: drilling and plugging, and milling. When the horizontal well is repaired, the conventional underground pipe column is difficult to operate along an accurate drilling and repairing track due to the limitation of a well track and the self gravity.

Because the tubular column receives self gravity to influence, be difficult for centering when the horizontal well section operation, consequently need adopt effectual righting technique to guarantee that the tubular column is centered, just can control the drilling and repairing direction of tubular column, prevent that the tubular column from deviating the well orbit to guarantee the quality of horizontal well workover.

The existing centralizer commonly used in the horizontal well workover operation has certain limitations: the external diameter of centralizer is fixed dimension, and the centralizer external diameter is greater than the tubular column external diameter, and the drilling tool is when going down, often because of reasons such as well undergauge, deformation, leads to the card well for the drilling tool can't freely move about, takes place the accident in the pit easily.

Therefore, the centralizer in the prior art cannot well meet the requirements of horizontal well workover operation. The present application thus provides a novel centralizer.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to achieve the purpose, the application provides the following technical scheme:

a centralizer, comprising: the device comprises a righting mechanism and a rotary pipe column provided with a central pipe, a power mechanism and an unlocking mechanism; the center tube having opposite first and second ends; righting the mechanism with be provided with first rolling member between the center tube, righting the mechanism and including: the upper righting seat, the righting block and the lower righting seat are sleeved outside the central tube from the first end to the second end in sequence; the power mechanism comprises: the driving piece is connected with the lower righting seat through a second rolling piece; the unlocking mechanism includes: the anti-rotation joint is connected with the upper centering seat through a third rolling part and is fixedly connected with the first end of the central pipe; the lower centering seat drives the centering block to move to the first end of the central tube along the upper centering seat and be spread under the pushing of the driving piece; the rotating pipe column and the righting mechanism form a rolling friction pair through the first rolling part, the second rolling part and the third rolling part.

In a preferred embodiment, the upper centering seat surface is provided with a track groove with a symmetrical structure, and the track groove obliquely extends along a preset angle; the track grooves are provided with a plurality of track grooves, and the track grooves are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the central pipe sleeved with the upper centering seat; the centering block is provided with an inclined boss which extends obliquely along a preset angle, and the inclined boss of the centering block moves towards the first end of the central pipe along the track groove of the upper centering seat and is spread.

As a preferred embodiment, the upper centering seat is hollow and tubular as a whole, and the upper centering seat comprises: a connecting portion and a sliding portion, the track groove being provided on the sliding portion; the transition position of the connecting part and the sliding part forms a limiting step, and the righting block is propped against the limiting step after being propped open along the track groove.

In a preferred embodiment, the centering block has a circular arc top wall, and side walls disposed on both sides of the top wall, and the inclined bosses are disposed on the side walls, and the inclined bosses on the side walls extend to the outside of the side walls along a predetermined angle.

As a preferred embodiment, the track groove has a starting end far away from the limit step and a terminating end close to the limit step, and before centering, the inclined boss on the centering block is clamped to the starting end of the track groove.

As a preferred embodiment, the predetermined angle is between 10 ° and 15 °.

In a preferred embodiment, the centering block has a first end and a second end opposite to each other, the second end is close to the lower centering seat, a boss is formed on at least one side wall at the second end of the centering block, and the lower centering seat is provided with a groove for engaging with the boss.

As a preferred embodiment, the rolling friction pair is in the specific form: a plurality of balls distributed along the annular groove.

In a preferred embodiment, the inner surface of the upper centering seat is provided with a first annular groove, the inner surface of the lower centering seat is provided with a second annular groove, and the first rolling members are embedded in the first annular groove and the second annular groove.

As a preferred embodiment, an annulus is formed between the lower righting seat and the base pipe for inserting the driver, the driver being engaged by the annulus and abutting to the inside of the lower righting seat; the upper surface of driving piece is provided with the third ring channel, the internal surface of righting the seat down is provided with the fourth ring channel, the third ring channel with the fourth ring channel cooperate and form the cavity that is used for holding the second rolling piece.

In a preferred embodiment, an annulus is formed between the upper centering seat and the base pipe for inserting the anti-rotation joint, and the anti-rotation joint is inserted into the upper centering seat through the annulus; the upper surface of the anti-rotation joint is provided with a fifth annular groove, the inner surface of the upper righting seat is provided with a sixth annular groove, and the fifth annular groove and the sixth annular groove are matched to form a cavity for containing a third rolling part.

As a preferred embodiment, the power mechanism is specifically a hydraulic mechanism, and the power mechanism further includes: the hydraulic cylinder sleeve, the protection ring and the control pin are sleeved outside the central pipe; the driving piece is assembled in the hydraulic cylinder sleeve, the protection ring is arranged between the driving piece and the hydraulic cylinder sleeve, the protection ring and the driving piece are fixedly connected through the control pin, and a groove matched with the bottom of the control pin is formed in the upper surface of the driving piece; a liquid inlet cavity is formed between the hydraulic cylinder sleeve and the central pipe, an opening communicated with the liquid inlet cavity is formed in the central pipe, and when the hydraulic cylinder sleeve is pressed, pressure liquid enters the liquid inlet cavity through the opening, cuts off the control pin, pushes the driving piece to move, and drives the lower centering seat and the centering block to move upwards.

As a preferred embodiment, the unlocking mechanism further includes: the ball seat and the steel ball are arranged in the upper joint; the upper joint is fixedly connected with the anti-rotation joint, the upper joint is fixedly connected with the central pipe, one end of the ball seat is fixedly connected with the central pipe through the unlocking pin, and the other end of the ball seat is fixedly connected with a support ring for fixing the central pipe and the upper joint;

when the pipe is unlocked, the steel ball is thrown in, the steel ball pushes the ball seat to cut off the unlocking pin, the other end of the ball seat descends, the upper joint and the central pipe are in a separated state, the pipe column is lifted upwards, the anti-adapter drives the upper righting seat to move, and the righting block returns to a state before righting.

Has the advantages that:

in the well repairing operation, the centralizer in the embodiment of the application can utilize the power mechanism to provide power for the centralizing mechanism after the pipe column is lowered to the set position. The lower righting seat drives the righting block to move towards the first end direction of the central tube along the upper righting seat under the pushing of the driving piece. The centralizing block can be expanded under the action of the component force in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. The centralizer realizes the centering of horizontal well section tubular column with the mode that the external diameter increases, ensures operation tubular column and creeps into target stability and accuracy.

Meanwhile, the first rolling element arranged between the centering mechanism and the central pipe, the second rolling element arranged between the driving element and the lower centering seat, and the third rolling element arranged between the anti-rotation joint and the upper centering seat can ensure that the whole centering mechanism can not rotate along with the rotating pipe column when the rotating pipe column rotates, so that the centering mechanism in a centering state can not be influenced, and the abrasion between the centering device and the well wall or the casing pipe is reduced.

In addition, the centralizer in the embodiment of the application can reduce the friction resistance generated when the rotary pipe column and the centralizing mechanism rotate through the rolling friction pair formed by the first rolling part, the second rolling part, the third rolling part and the centralizing mechanism.

Specific embodiments of the present application are disclosed in detail with reference to the following description and drawings, indicating the manner in which the principles of the application may be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application are not so limited in scope. The embodiments of the application include many variations, modifications and equivalents within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Features that are described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments, in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.

It should be emphasized that the term "comprises/comprising" when used herein, is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a centralizer in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a centralizer in an embodiment of the invention in a centralizing state;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a centering block in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a left side view of a centering block in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an upper centralizer of an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken at C-C of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1;

fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D in fig. 2.

Description of reference numerals:

1. an upper joint; 2. a steel ball; 3. ball seat: 31. a support ring; 32. unlocking the pin; 4. an anti-rotation joint; 5. an upper righting seat: 51. a connecting portion; 52. a sliding part; 53. a track groove; 6. a third rolling member; 7. center tube: 71. a split claw; 8. a first rolling member; 9. a righting block: 91. inclining the boss; 92. a boss; 10. a lower righting seat; 11. a second rolling member; 12. a driving part: 121. a guard ring; 122. a control pin; 13. a cylinder liner; 14. and a lower joint.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various equivalent modifications of the present invention by those skilled in the art after reading the present disclosure fall within the scope of the present invention defined by the appended claims.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a centralizer, as shown in fig. 1 to 2, including: a righting mechanism and a rotary pipe column provided with a central pipe 7, a power mechanism and an unlocking mechanism; wherein the central tube 7 has opposite first and second ends; righting the mechanism with be provided with first rolling member 8 between the center tube 7, righting the mechanism and including: the upper centering seat 5, the centering block 9 and the lower centering seat 10 are sleeved outside the central tube 7 from the first end to the second end in sequence; the power mechanism comprises: a driving member 12 connected to the lower centering seat 10 through a second rolling member 11; the unlocking mechanism includes: the anti-rotation joint 4 is connected with the upper righting seat 5 through a third rolling element 6, and the anti-rotation joint 4 is fixedly connected with the first end of the central tube 7; the lower centering seat 10 drives the centering block 9 to move and expand towards the first end of the central tube 7 along the upper centering seat 5 under the pushing of the driving piece 12; the rotating pipe column and the righting mechanism form a rolling friction pair through the first rolling part 8, the second rolling part 11 and the third rolling part 6, and the rolling friction pair can reduce friction resistance generated when the rotating pipe column and the righting mechanism rotate.

In the well repairing operation, the centralizer in the embodiment of the application can utilize the power mechanism to provide power for the centralizing mechanism after the pipe column is lowered to the set position. The lower centering seat 10 drives the centering block 9 to move along the upper centering seat 5 towards the first end of the central tube 7 under the pushing of the driving member 12. The righting block 9 can be opened under the action of the component force in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction. The centralizer realizes the centering of horizontal well section tubular column with the mode that the external diameter increases, ensures operation tubular column and creeps into target stability and accuracy.

Meanwhile, through the first rolling element 8 arranged between the centering mechanism and the central pipe 7, the second rolling element 11 arranged between the driving element 12 and the lower centering seat 10 and the third rolling element 6 arranged between the anti-rotation joint 4 and the upper centering seat 5, the whole centering mechanism can not rotate along with the rotating pipe column when the rotating pipe column rotates, so that the centering mechanism in a centering state cannot be influenced, and the abrasion between the centering device and the well wall or the casing pipe is reduced.

In addition, in the centralizer provided by the embodiment of the invention, the friction resistance generated when the rotary pipe column and the centralizing mechanism rotate can be reduced through the rolling friction pair formed by the first rolling member 8, the second rolling member 11, the third rolling member 6 and the centralizing mechanism.

The left end and the right end of the rotary pipe column are connected with a drilling and repairing pipe column, and the drilling and repairing pipe column needs to rotate when the horizontal well operates, so that the rotary pipe column is driven to rotate. The rotary pipe string comprises: center tube 7, release mechanism and power unit.

The central pipe 7 is a steel pipe special for oil and gas well workover treatment, and the whole central pipe 7 is a hollow round pipe and is a main body part of the centralizer. The central tube 7 has opposite first and second ends, and a centering mechanism is sleeved outside the central tube.

Righting mechanism is used for making the external diameter increase of centralizer, and righting mechanism includes: the upper centering seat 5, the centering block 9 and the lower centering seat 10 are sequentially sleeved outside the central tube 7 from the first end of the central tube 7 to the second end of the central tube 7. The centering block 9 is connected with the lower centering seat 10, and the lower centering seat 10 can drive the centering block 9 to move and expand towards the first end of the central tube 7 along the upper centering seat 5.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 5, the surface of the upper centering seat 5 is provided with track grooves 53 with a symmetrical structure, and the track grooves 53 extend obliquely along a predetermined angle; the track grooves 53 are provided with a plurality of grooves, and are uniformly distributed on the upper centering seat 5 which is sleeved on the center pipe 7; the centering block 9 is provided with an inclined boss 91 extending obliquely along a predetermined angle, and the inclined boss 91 of the centering block moves and expands towards the first end of the central tube 7 along the track groove 53 of the upper centering seat 5.

Further, the upper centering seat 5 is integrally in a hollow tubular shape, and the upper centering seat 5 includes: a connecting part 51 and a sliding part 52, the track groove 53 is arranged on the sliding part 52. A limiting step is formed at the transition position of the connecting part 51 and the sliding part 52, and the righting block 9 is propped against the limiting step after being expanded along the track groove 53. The righting block 9 is provided with a first end and a second end which are opposite, the first end of the righting block 9 is close to the upper righting seat 5, and the first end is provided with a vertical end face. When the centering block 9 moves towards the first end of the central tube 7 along the track groove 53 provided on the sliding portion 52, the first end of the centering block 9 can abut against the limiting step between the connecting portion 51 and the sliding portion 52, so as to limit the movement of the centering block 9 in the horizontal direction. Because the end face of the first end of the righting block 9 is of a vertical structure, when the righting block is matched with the limiting step, a better opening effect of the righting block 9 can be achieved. To achieve a better centering effect of the pipe column, the number of the track grooves 53 is at least 3, and the specific number is not limited in this application.

The number of the centering blocks 9 is at least three, and the centering blocks are uniformly sleeved outside the central tube 7, in the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the centering blocks 9 is specifically 4, an included angle between two adjacent centering blocks 9 sleeved outside the central tube 7 is 90 °, and a person skilled in the art can adaptively adjust the number of the centering blocks 9 according to actual needs, which is not specifically limited herein. Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the centering block 9 has an arc-shaped top wall, and the radian of the arc surface of the centering block may be the same as the radian of a casing or a well wall sleeved outside the working string, so as to reduce the abrasion between the centering block 9 and the casing or the well wall. The righting block 9 further comprises two side walls, the inclined boss 91 is arranged on the side walls, and the inclined boss 91 on the side walls extends to the outside of the side walls along a predetermined angle, so that the inclined boss can be matched with the track groove 53 to form a structure capable of sliding obliquely.

The number of the inclined bosses 91 is matched with the number of the track grooves 53, the width of the inclined bosses 91 can be the same as that of the track grooves 53, and the inclined bosses 91 extending to the outside of the side wall of the centering block 9 slide obliquely through the track grooves 53. The track groove 53 has an inclined angle and has a symmetrical structure on the surface of the sliding part 52. Therefore, when the righting block 9 moves obliquely, the acting forces in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction can be resolved, so that the righting block 9 is expanded. The expanded righting block 9 is contacted with a casing or a well wall sleeved outside the operation pipe column through an inclined boss 91 on the side wall, so that the righting state of the righting block 9 is stabilized.

In this embodiment, the track groove 53 has a start end far from the limit step and a stop end near the limit step, and before centering, the inclined boss 91 on the centering block 9 is engaged with the start end of the track groove 53.

Before the centralizer works, a part of the inclined boss 91 extending to the outside of the side wall of the centralizing block 9 is clamped to the starting end of the track groove 53. Because the surfaces of the righting block 9 and the upper righting seat 5 are both provided with arc structures, the righting block 9 and the upper righting seat 5 can be attached. At the moment, the outer diameter of the centralizer is smaller, so that the pipe column can be conveniently put into the centralizer. When the righting block 9 is placed on the surface of the upper righting seat 5, a preset distance is formed between the upper righting seat 5 and the lower righting seat 10, and the lower righting seat 10 can have a sufficient movement space. When the centralizer works, the lower centralizing seat 10 pushes the centralizing block 9, the inclined boss 91 on the side wall of the centralizing block 9 can directly slide along the track groove 53, and the centralizing block 9 can be unfolded under the action of horizontal and vertical component forces to increase the outer diameter of the centralizer.

As shown in fig. 6 and 9, before the centralizer works, the centralizing blocks 9 are attached to the surface of the upper centralizing seat 5 and are symmetrically arranged around the central pipe 7. After the centralizer works, the centralizing block 9 slides along the surface of the upper centralizing seat 5 and is opened, so that the outer diameter of the centralizer is increased, and the centralizing block 9 is symmetrically distributed around the central pipe 7, so that the pipe column achieves the centering effect.

In one embodiment, the predetermined angle is between 10 ° and 15 °.

The centering block 9 slides obliquely along the track groove 53, and when the inclination angle of the track groove 53 to the horizontal direction is 10-15 degrees, the self-locking effect of the centering block 9 can be realized, that is, the centering block 9 cannot return to the initial state under the influence of static friction force. In the embodiment of the invention, the inclination angle of the track groove is 15 degrees.

In one embodiment, the centering block 9 has a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, the second end is close to the lower centering seat 10, a boss 92 is formed on at least one side wall of the second end of the centering block 9, and the lower centering seat 10 is provided with a groove which is clamped with the boss 92.

Specifically, the boss 92 arranged on the centering block 9 and the groove arranged on the lower centering seat 10 are clamped and connected, so that the centering block 9 and the lower centering seat 10 synchronously rotate, when the centralizer is unlocked, the boss 92 on the centering block 9 can apply a certain acting force on the lower centering seat 10, and the lower centering seat 10 pulls the centering block 9 to return to a state before the centralizer works. The boss 92 can be of a vertical structure at the second end face of the centering block 9, and because the first end and the second end of the centering block 9 are of vertical plane structures, the connecting part 51 of the upper centering seat 5 and the lower centering seat 10 can limit the centering block 9 in the horizontal direction when the centering block 9 is spread, so that a good spreading effect is kept.

In the present embodiment, the rolling friction pair is specifically formed as follows: a plurality of balls distributed along the annular groove.

Specifically, the inner surface of the upper centering seat 5 is provided with a first annular groove, and the first annular groove is arranged on the inner surface of the connecting portion 51 of the upper centering seat 5 in order not to affect the opening effect of the centering block 9 at the sliding portion 52. The inner surface of the lower righting base 10 is provided with a second annular groove, and the first rolling member 8 is embedded into the first annular groove and the second annular groove.

Further, the first rolling members 8 can convert sliding friction between the central tube 7 and the upper and lower centering seats 5 and 10 into rolling friction, so that friction force generated when the central tube 7 rotates is greatly reduced. The diameter and the number of the first rolling members 8 are not particularly required in the present application. As shown in fig. 8, the first annular groove and the second annular groove each form a circle around the center pipe 7. The groove depth of the first annular groove and the second annular groove may be the same as the diameter of the first rolling member 8, or may be slightly smaller than the diameter of the first rolling member 8. The number of the first annular grooves and the second annular grooves can be 1 or 2, and the specific number is according to actual needs and is not specifically required in the application. For example: in the present embodiment, the first annular groove and the second annular groove are two in number, and the first rolling members 8 are embedded in two rows in number.

In one embodiment, an annulus is formed between the lower seat 10 and the base pipe 7 for insertion of the driver 12, through which annulus the driver 12 engages and bears against the interior of the lower seat 10; the upper surface of the driving part 12 is provided with a third annular groove, the inner surface of the lower righting seat 10 is provided with a fourth annular groove, and the third annular groove and the fourth annular groove are matched to form a cavity for accommodating the second rolling part 11.

Further, the second rolling element 11 is capable of establishing a relative rotation between the driver 12 and the lower righting shoe 10. The diameter and the number of the second rolling elements 11 are not specifically limited in this application. The third annular groove and the fourth annular groove are matched to form a cavity matched with the second rolling member 11, and the diameter of the cavity may be the same as that of the second rolling member 11 or slightly smaller than that of the second rolling member 11. The number of the third annular grooves and the fourth annular grooves can be 1 or 2, and the specific number is according to actual needs, and the application does not make specific requirements.

In one embodiment, an annulus is formed between the upper seat 5 and the base pipe 7 for inserting the anti-rotation joint 4, through which the anti-rotation joint 4 is inserted inside the connection portion 51 of the upper seat 5; the upper surface of the anti-rotation joint 4 is provided with a fifth annular groove, the inner surface of the upper righting seat 5 is provided with a sixth annular groove, and the fifth annular groove and the sixth annular groove are matched to form a cavity for containing a third rolling piece 6.

Further, as shown in fig. 7, the third rolling element 6 is capable of establishing a relative rotation between the anti-rotation joint 4 and the upper centering seat 5. The diameter and the number of the third rolling elements 6 are not particularly limited in the present application. The fifth annular groove and the sixth annular groove cooperate to form a cavity matched with the third rolling member 6, and the diameter of the cavity may be the same as that of the third rolling member 6 or slightly smaller than that of the third rolling member 6. The number of the fifth annular groove and the sixth annular groove can be 1 or 2, and the specific number is according to actual needs, and the application does not make specific requirements.

In this embodiment, by providing the first rolling member 8, the second rolling member 11, and the third rolling member 6, it can be ensured that when the central tube 7, the driving member 12, and the anti-rotation joint 4 rotate, the upper righting seat 5, the righting block 9, and the lower righting seat 10 do not rotate along with the rotating pipe string, so that the righting mechanism in a righting state is not affected, and abrasion between the centralizer and the well wall or the casing is reduced.

Because the sand bed is easily formed in the horizontal well section, the friction resistance that the tubular column received is great, and operation tubular column and instrument meet the card easily and meet the resistance, in the horizontal well workover, need reduce the friction resistance of operation tubular column to guarantee that the workover can go on smoothly. In this embodiment, by providing the rolling friction pair formed by the first rolling member 8, the second rolling member 11, the third rolling member 6 and the righting mechanism, the friction resistance generated when the rotary pipe column rotates relative to the righting mechanism can be reduced.

In this embodiment, the power mechanism is specifically a hydraulic mechanism, and the power mechanism further includes: the hydraulic cylinder sleeve 13, the protection ring 121 and the control pin 122 are sleeved outside the central pipe 7; the driving part 12 is assembled in the cylinder sleeve 13, the protection ring 121 is arranged between the driving part 12 and the cylinder sleeve 13, the protection ring 121 and the driving part 12 are fixedly connected through the control pin 122, and a groove matched with the bottom of the control pin 122 is arranged on the upper surface of the driving part 12; a liquid inlet cavity is formed between the cylinder sleeve 13 and the central pipe 7, an opening communicated with the liquid inlet cavity is formed in the central pipe 7, and when the central pipe is pressurized, pressure liquid enters the liquid inlet cavity through the opening, the control pin 122 is cut off, the driving piece 12 is pushed to move, and the lower centering seat 10 and the centering block 9 are driven to move upwards.

Further, the power mechanism is fixedly connected with a lower joint 14 along the second end direction of the central tube 7, the lower joint 14 is substantially of an internal hollow structure and is fixedly connected with the central tube 7, and the fixed connection mode can be a tube threaded connection. The right side of the lower joint 14 is connected with a drilling and repairing pipe column. The central pipe 7 is provided with a liquid inlet hole at a position corresponding to the liquid inlet cavity, and is used for inputting drilling fluid and providing hydraulic power for the power mechanism. The protection ring 121 is fixedly connected with the cylinder sleeve 13 through threads. The operating pin 122 passes through the cylinder sleeve 13 and the protection ring 121 and is engaged with a groove on the driver 12. When the hydraulic pressure reaches a certain degree, the driving part 12 can be pushed to shear the control pin 122, so that the driving part 12 is pushed to move, the power mechanism is prevented from being opened in advance, and premature righting is realized. The number of the control pins 122 may be plural, and is not particularly required in this application.

And in the drilling and repairing process, drilling fluid is injected into the pipe column, when the pipe column is lowered to a set position, a pump is started at a wellhead to establish circulation, and the change condition of circulation pressure is observed. The liquid passes through the intake chamber and ultimately acts on the drive member 12. When the pressure reaches a set value (5 MPa-15 MPa), the driving piece 12 is pushed to move leftwards by hydraulic pressure, so that the lower centering seat 10 is driven to move leftwards.

In this embodiment, the unlocking mechanism further includes: the steel ball connecting structure comprises an upper joint 1, a ball seat 3 and a steel ball 2, wherein the ball seat 3 and the steel ball 2 are arranged in the upper joint 1; the upper joint 1 is fixedly connected with the anti-rotation joint 4, the upper joint 1 is fixedly connected with the central pipe 7, one end of the ball seat 3 is fixedly connected with the central pipe 7 through the unlocking pin 32, and the other end of the ball seat 3 is fixedly connected with the support ring 31 and used for fixing the central pipe 7 and the upper joint 1.

During unlocking, the steel ball 2 is thrown in, the steel ball 2 pushes the ball seat 3 to shear the unlocking pin 32, the other end of the ball seat 3 descends, the upper joint 1 and the central pipe 7 are in a separated state, the pipe column is lifted, the anti-rotation joint 4 drives the upper righting seat 5 to move, and the righting block 9 returns to a state before righting.

Specifically, a through hole is formed in the anti-rotation joint 4 and is fixedly connected with the upper joint 1 in a pipe thread mode. Prevent that the rotary joint 4 with the first end fixed connection of center tube 7, it is concrete, the surface of the first end of center tube 7 can have and prevent changeing the recess, prevent that the rotary joint 4 is provided with and prevents changeing the boss, prevent changeing the boss can with the recess cooperation of preventing changeing of center tube 7 is connected. The anti-rotation joint 4 is connected with the upper centering seat 5 through a third rolling member 6 in the direction of the second end of the central tube 7.

The upper joint 1 is of an internal hollow structure, the upstream of the upper joint 1 is used for connecting a drilling and repairing pipe column, the upper joint 1 is fixedly connected with the first end of the central pipe 7, specifically, the first end of the central pipe 7 can be provided with split claws, the upper joint 1 is provided with a split claw boss, and the split claw boss can be matched and connected with the split claws of the central pipe 7. Through the connection mode, when the drilling and repairing pipe column connected with the upper joint 1 rotates, the upper joint 1 can drive the central pipe 7 to rotate, and the central pipe 7 drives the lower joint 14 to rotate, so that the rotation of the whole operation pipe column is realized.

The ball seat 3 extends substantially horizontally and is placed inside the upper joint 1. The ball seat 3 and the support ring 31 may be connected by a screw, or may be connected by integrating the ball seat 3 and the support ring 31. The support ring 31 is located between the ball seat 3 and the split claws of the central tube 7, and is used for fixing the split claws of the central tube 7 with the upper joint 1. The unlocking pin 32 is used for fixing the central tube 7 and the ball seat 3, and the number of the unlocking pins is determined according to actual needs and is not limited in the application.

And when the underground operation is finished, the steel ball 2 is thrown in, and a pump is started at a well mouth to press the steel ball 2. The unlocking pin 32 is sheared off under the push of the steel ball 2. The central tube 7 is separated from the ball seat 3, and the ball seat 3 moves downward under the influence of its own weight. The split claws of the central tube 7 lose the support of the upper joint 1, and the split claws of the central tube 7 are separated from the upper joint 1. Because the upper joint 1 is fixedly connected with the anti-rotation joint 4 through pipe threads, the anti-rotation joint 4 is connected with the upper righting seat 5 through the third rolling part 6. At the moment, the pipe column is lifted upwards, the anti-rotation joint 4 drives the upper righting seat 5 to move, the righting block 9 can withdraw to an initial state along the track groove 53 on the surface of the upper righting seat 5 under the influence of external force, and the lower righting seat 10 is pushed to withdraw.

In one embodiment, the centralizer may further comprise a plurality of sealing rubber rings, which may be placed between the contact surfaces of the ball seat 3 and the base pipe 7 and inside anti-rotation grooves and protrusions on the surface of the base pipe 7. And may also be placed between the contact surfaces between the driver 12 and the cylinder jacket 13.

The working principle of the centralizer is further explained in a specific application scenario with reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2.

A centralizer, comprising: a righting mechanism and a rotary pipe column provided with a central pipe 7, a power mechanism and an unlocking mechanism; the central tube 7 has opposite first and second ends; righting the mechanism with be provided with first rolling member 8 between the center tube 7, righting the mechanism and including: the upper centering seat 5, the centering block 9 and the lower centering seat 10 are sleeved outside the central tube 7 from the first end to the second end in sequence; the power mechanism comprises: a driving member 12 connected to the lower centering seat 10 through a second rolling member 11; the unlocking mechanism includes: and the anti-rotation joint 4 is connected with the upper righting seat 5 through a third rolling part 6, and the anti-rotation joint 4 is fixedly connected with the first end of the central pipe 7. The rotating pipe column and the righting mechanism form a rolling friction pair through the first rolling part 8, the second rolling part 11 and the third rolling part 6, and the rolling friction pair can reduce friction resistance generated when the rotating pipe column and the righting mechanism rotate.

As shown in fig. 3 and 5, the surface of the upper centering seat 5 is provided with track grooves 53 with a symmetrical structure, and the track grooves 53 extend obliquely at an angle of 15 ° in the horizontal direction. The track grooves 53 are 16 in particular, and are uniformly distributed around the central tube 7 sleeved with the upper centering seat 5. The centering block 9 is provided with an inclined boss 91, and the inclined boss 91 of the centering block 9 moves towards the first end of the central tube 7 along the track groove 53 of the upper centering seat 5 and is spread.

The whole upper righting seat 5 is in a hollow tubular shape, and the upper righting seat 5 comprises: a connecting part 51 and a sliding part 52, the track groove 53 is arranged on the sliding part 52. A limiting step is formed at the transition position of the connecting part 51 and the sliding part 52, and the righting block 9 is propped against the limiting step after being expanded along the track groove 53

The surface of the righting block 9 is integrally arc-shaped and is provided with two side walls. The number of the righting blocks 9 is four, and the included angle between every two adjacent righting blocks 9 sleeved outside the central tube 7 is 90 degrees. The side wall of the righting block 9 is provided with inclined bosses 91 matched with the track grooves 53, the inclined bosses 91 on each righting block 9 are four, two inclined bosses 91 are arranged on each side surface, and the inclined bosses 91 are symmetrically distributed on the surface of the righting block 9.

The righting block 9 has opposite left and right ends. One end of which is connected to the lower righting base 10. The righting block 9 is provided with a vertical boss 92, the lower righting seat 10 is provided with a vertical groove matched with the vertical boss 92, and the lower righting seat 10 and the righting block 9 are connected in a clamping mode through the vertical groove and the vertical boss 92. The other end of the centering block 9 is of a vertical plane structure, when the lower centering seat 10 pushes the centering block 9 to move, because the left end and the right end of the centering block 9 are both of vertical plane structures, the connecting part 51 of the upper centering seat 5 and the lower centering seat 10 can limit the centering block 9 in the horizontal direction when the centering block 9 is spread, and a good spreading effect is kept.

The inner surface of the upper centering seat 5 is provided with a first annular groove, and the first annular groove is arranged on the inner surface of the connecting part 51 of the upper centering seat 5 in order not to influence the opening effect of the centering block 9 at the sliding part 52. The inner surface of the lower righting base 10 is provided with a second annular groove, and the first rolling member 8 is embedded into the first annular groove and the second annular groove. The first rolling member 8 can convert sliding friction between the central tube 7 and the upper and lower centering seats 5 and 10 into rolling friction, and friction force generated when the central tube 7 rotates is greatly reduced. The first annular groove and the second annular groove are two in number, and the embedded first rolling elements 8 are also two rows in number.

Power unit specifically is hydraulic pressure mechanism, and hydraulic pressure mechanism cover is located 7 outsides of center tube, it includes: the hydraulic cylinder sleeve 13, the driving part 12 assembled in the hydraulic cylinder sleeve 13, a protection ring 121 and a control pin 122. The cylinder sleeve 13, the protection ring 121 and the driver 12 are fixedly connected by a control pin 122. A liquid inlet cavity is formed between the cylinder sleeve 13 and the central pipe 7, an opening communicated with the liquid inlet cavity is formed in the central pipe 7, and when the central pipe is pressurized, pressure liquid enters the liquid inlet cavity through the opening, the control pin 122 is cut off, the driving piece 12 is pushed to move, and the lower centering seat 10 and the centering block 9 are driven to move upwards.

An annulus is formed between the lower seat 10 and the base pipe 7 for insertion of the driver 12, through which annulus the driver 12 engages and abuts against the interior of the lower seat 10. The upper surface of the driving part 12 is provided with a third annular groove, the inner surface of the lower righting seat 10 is provided with a fourth annular groove, the third annular groove and the fourth annular groove are matched to form a cavity for accommodating the second rolling parts 11, the third annular groove and the fourth annular groove are respectively provided with two channels, and the corresponding second rolling parts 11 are provided with two rows.

The unlocking mechanism includes: the anti-rotation joint comprises an upper joint 1, an anti-rotation joint 4 in threaded connection with the upper joint 1, a ball seat 3 arranged in the upper joint 1, a support ring 31 in threaded connection with the ball seat 3, and an unlocking pin 32 for fixedly connecting the ball seat 3 with a central pipe 7.

An annulus for inserting the anti-rotation joint 4 is formed between the upper centering seat 5 and the central tube 7, and the anti-rotation joint 4 is inserted into the connecting part 51 of the upper centering seat 5 through the annulus. The upper surface of the anti-rotation joint 4 is provided with a fifth annular groove, the inner surface of the upper righting seat 5 is provided with a sixth annular groove, and the fifth annular groove and the sixth annular groove are matched to form a cavity for containing a third rolling piece 6. The fifth annular groove and the sixth annular groove are respectively provided with two, and two rows of corresponding second rolling elements 11 are arranged.

Before the centering, the inclined boss 91 on the side wall of the centering block 9 is clamped with the track groove 53, and the right side of the centering block 9 is connected with the lower centering seat 10 through a vertical concave-convex groove. Firstly, injecting drilling fluid into a pipe column, starting a pump at a wellhead to establish circulation after the pipe column is lowered to a set position, and observing the change condition of circulating pressure. The liquid passes through the intake chamber and ultimately acts on the drive member 12. When the pressure reaches a set value (5 MPa-15 MPa), the driving part 12 is pushed to move leftwards under the hydraulic pressure, and the driving part 12 shears the control pin 122, so that the lower centering seat 10 is driven to move leftwards. The lower centering seat 10 pushes the centering block 9 to slide obliquely along the track groove 53, and when the centering block 9 moves obliquely, acting forces in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction can be decomposed, so that the outer diameter of the centralizer is expanded by the centering block 9. Thereby playing the role of righting and centering on the pipe diameter.

In the drilling and repairing process, the tubular column rotates to drive the upper joint 1, the anti-rotation joint 4, the central tube 7, the driving piece 12 and the lower joint 14 to rotate, and the anti-rotation joint 4 is connected with the contact surface of the upper righting seat 5, the driving piece 12 is connected with the contact surface of the lower righting seat 10, the central tube 7 is connected with the upper righting seat 5 and the lower righting seat 10 in a rolling ball manner, so that the frictional resistance in the rotating process can be reduced, and the free rotation of the operating tubular column connected with the upper joint 1 and the lower joint 14 can be realized. Meanwhile, the connecting mode of the rolling balls can ensure that the upper righting seat 5, the righting block 9 and the lower righting seat 10 cannot rotate in the rotating process of the pipe column, so that the centering effect of the centralizer in the well repairing operation process of the horizontal well cannot be influenced.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present application, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present application and implement the present application, and not to limit the protection scope of the present application. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present application should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

All articles and references disclosed, including patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. The term "consisting essentially of …" describing a combination shall include the identified element, ingredient, component or step as well as other elements, ingredients, components or steps that do not materially affect the basic novel characteristics of the combination. The use of the terms "comprising" or "including" to describe combinations of elements, components, or steps herein also contemplates embodiments that consist essentially of such elements, components, or steps. By using the term "may" herein, it is intended to indicate that any of the described attributes that "may" include are optional.

A plurality of elements, components, parts or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, part or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, part or step may be divided into separate plural elements, components, parts or steps. The disclosure of "a" or "an" to describe an element, ingredient, component or step is not intended to foreclose other elements, ingredients, components or steps.

It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. Many embodiments and many applications other than the examples provided will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading the above description. The scope of the present teachings should, therefore, be determined not with reference to the above description, but should instead be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. The disclosures of all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. The omission in the foregoing claims of any aspect of subject matter that is disclosed herein is not intended to forego the subject matter and should not be construed as an admission that the applicant does not consider such subject matter to be part of the disclosed subject matter.

Claims (12)

1. A centralizer, comprising: the device comprises a righting mechanism and a rotary pipe column provided with a central pipe, a power mechanism and an unlocking mechanism;

the center tube having opposite first and second ends;

righting the mechanism with be provided with first rolling member between the center tube, righting the mechanism and including: the upper righting seat, the righting block and the lower righting seat are sleeved outside the central tube from the first end to the second end in sequence; the surface of the upper righting seat is provided with track grooves with symmetrical structures, and the track grooves extend obliquely along a preset angle; the track grooves are provided with a plurality of track grooves, and the track grooves are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the central pipe sleeved with the upper centering seat; the centering block is provided with an inclined boss which extends obliquely along a preset angle, and the inclined boss of the centering block moves towards the first end of the central pipe along the track groove of the upper centering seat and is spread;

the power mechanism comprises: the driving piece is connected with the lower righting seat through a second rolling piece;

the unlocking mechanism includes: the anti-rotation joint is connected with the upper centering seat through a third rolling part and is fixedly connected with the first end of the central pipe;

the lower centering seat drives the centering block to move to the first end of the central tube along the upper centering seat and be spread under the pushing of the driving piece; the rotating pipe column and the righting mechanism form a rolling friction pair through the first rolling part, the second rolling part and the third rolling part.

2. The centralizer of claim 1, wherein the upper centralizer is generally hollow and tubular, the upper centralizer comprising: a connecting portion and a sliding portion, the track groove being provided on the sliding portion; the transition position of the connecting part and the sliding part forms a limiting step, and the righting block is propped against the limiting step after being propped open along the track groove.

3. The centralizer of claim 1, wherein the centralizer has a radiused top wall, and side walls disposed on either side of the top wall, the ramped bosses being disposed on the side walls, the ramped bosses on the side walls extending outwardly of the side walls at a predetermined angle.

4. The centralizer of claim 2, wherein the track groove has an initial end distal from the retention step and a terminal end proximal to the retention step, and wherein the sloped boss on the centralizer engages the initial end of the track groove prior to centralization.

5. The centralizer of any of claims 1-4, wherein the predetermined angle is between 10 ° and 15 °.

6. The centralizer of claim 3, wherein the centralizing block has first and second opposite ends, the second end being adjacent to the lower centralizing block, the second end of the centralizing block having a boss formed on at least one side wall, the lower centralizing block having a recess for engaging the boss.

7. The centralizer of claim 1, wherein the first roller, the second roller, and the third roller are of the specific form: a plurality of balls distributed along the annular groove.

8. The centralizer of claim 7, wherein the inner surface of the upper centralizer seat is provided with a first annular groove, the inner surface of the lower centralizer seat is provided with a second annular groove, and the first roller is embedded into the first and second annular grooves.

9. The centralizer of claim 7, wherein an annulus is formed between the lower centralizer and the base tubular for insertion of the driver, the driver being engaged by the annulus and abutting an interior of the lower centralizer; the upper surface of driving piece is provided with the third ring channel, the internal surface of righting the seat down is provided with the fourth ring channel, the third ring channel with the fourth ring channel cooperate and form the cavity that is used for holding the second rolling piece.

10. The centralizer of claim 7, wherein an annulus is formed between the upper centralizer seat and the base tubular for insertion of the anti-rotation joint, the anti-rotation joint being inserted through the annulus into the interior of the upper centralizer seat; the upper surface of the anti-rotation joint is provided with a fifth annular groove, the inner surface of the upper righting seat is provided with a sixth annular groove, and the fifth annular groove and the sixth annular groove are matched to form a cavity for containing a third rolling part.

11. The centralizer of claim 1, wherein the power mechanism is specifically a hydraulic mechanism, the power mechanism further comprising: the hydraulic cylinder sleeve, the protection ring and the control pin are sleeved outside the central pipe;

the driving piece is assembled in the hydraulic cylinder sleeve, the protection ring is arranged between the driving piece and the hydraulic cylinder sleeve, the protection ring and the driving piece are fixedly connected through the control pin, and a groove matched with the bottom of the control pin is formed in the upper surface of the driving piece;

a liquid inlet cavity is formed between the hydraulic cylinder sleeve and the central pipe, an opening communicated with the liquid inlet cavity is formed in the central pipe, and when the hydraulic cylinder sleeve is pressed, pressure liquid enters the liquid inlet cavity through the opening, cuts off the control pin, pushes the driving piece to move, and drives the lower centering seat and the centering block to move upwards.

12. The centralizer of claim 1, wherein the unlocking mechanism further comprises: the ball seat and the steel ball are arranged in the upper joint; the upper joint is fixedly connected with the anti-rotation joint, the upper joint is fixedly connected with the central pipe, one end of the ball seat is fixedly connected with the central pipe through an unlocking pin, and the other end of the ball seat is fixedly connected with a support ring for fixing the central pipe and the upper joint;

when the pipe is unlocked, the steel ball is thrown in, the steel ball pushes the ball seat to cut off the unlocking pin, the other end of the ball seat descends, the upper joint and the central pipe are in a separated state, the pipe column is lifted upwards, the anti-adapter drives the upper righting seat to move, and the righting block returns to a state before righting.

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