CN109232800B - Acrylamide copolymer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Acrylamide copolymer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN109232800B
CN109232800B CN201710556393.8A CN201710556393A CN109232800B CN 109232800 B CN109232800 B CN 109232800B CN 201710556393 A CN201710556393 A CN 201710556393A CN 109232800 B CN109232800 B CN 109232800B
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acrylamide copolymer
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CN109232800A (en
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张文龙
伊卓
祝纶宇
胡晓娜
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Sinopec Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
    • C08F2/04—Polymerisation in solution
    • C08F2/10—Aqueous solvent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
    • C08F220/52—Amides or imides
    • C08F220/54—Amides, e.g. N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N-isopropylacrylamide
    • C08F220/56—Acrylamide; Methacrylamide
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    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F226/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen
    • C08F226/06—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen
    • C08F226/10—N-Vinyl-pyrrolidone
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    • C08F230/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal
    • C08F230/04—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing a metal
    • C08F230/06—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing a metal containing boron
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    • C09K8/58—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
    • C09K8/588—Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific polymers

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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of oilfield chemicals, and discloses an acrylamide copolymer and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the acrylamide copolymer comprises a structural unit A, a structural unit B and a structural unit C, wherein the structural unit A is a structural unit shown in a formula (I), the structural unit B is a structural unit shown in a formula (II), and the structural unit C is a structural unit shown in a formula (III); and the content of the structural unit A is 70-90 wt%, the content of the structural unit B is 8-28 wt%, and the content of the structural unit C is 0.1-5 wt% based on the total weight of the acrylamide copolymer. The acrylamide copolymer can be used as a thermal thickener for tertiary oil recovery of high-temperature and high-salinity oil reservoirs.
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002

Description

Acrylamide copolymer and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oilfield chemicals, and particularly relates to an acrylamide copolymer and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The polymer flooding technology is an important technology for increasing the recovery rate of petroleum, and the basic principle is that a water-soluble polymer is added into water injection to increase the viscosity of an aqueous solution, reduce the water/oil fluidity ratio, enlarge the swept volume, increase the swept efficiency and reduce the oil saturation of the swept zone, thereby increasing the recovery rate of petroleum. Practice proves that the oil recovery rate can be greatly improved by adopting the polymer for oil displacement, and great economic benefit and social benefit are generated. For many years, the polymers used for polymer flooding were mainly artificially synthesized partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamides. The limitation of the common partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide is that the temperature resistance and salt tolerance are low, and the viscosity of the aqueous solution is greatly reduced under the conditions of high temperature and high salinity, thereby obviously influencing the oil displacement effect.
In order to develop a polymer oil displacement agent with better performance and capable of meeting the use requirement of tertiary oil recovery in a high-temperature oil field (the temperature is higher than 85 ℃), Chinese patent CN1240795A discloses a temperature-resistant salt-resistant copolymer thickening agent, which is a copolymer formed by copolymerizing an initiator, a monomer (A) and a monomer (B), and is characterized in that the monomer (A) is one or more water-soluble unsaturated monomers with olefinic chains, such as acrylamides, vinyl pyrrolidone, 2-acrylamide-2-methyl propanesulfonic acid and acrylic acid, and the monomer (B) is a paste obtained by mixing, heating and refluxing (polyoxyethylene) n-alkanol ether, toluene, maleic acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid, and removing excessive water and residual toluene by azeotropy; the copolymer is characterized in that molecules contain amphiphilic macromonomer chain links, and the temperature resistance of the copolymer is better than that of common partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide, but amphiphilic branched chains in the copolymer are connected with a main chain through ester bonds, and the ester bonds are easy to hydrolyze at high temperature, so that the stability of the polymer is influenced. Chinese patents CN1317501A, CN1414057A, CN1876751A and the like invented oil displacement agents of hydrophobic association polymers with different molecular structures, and the polymers are characterized in that a molecular main chain contains a certain number of hydrophobic molecular chain segments, and in an aqueous solution, the hydrophobic-hydrophobic interaction between hydrophobic side chains causes physical crosslinking among the polymer molecular chains, so that the viscosity and the anti-shearing performance of the solution are improved. However, the difficulty of forming effective hydrophobic associative thickening at lower polymer concentrations is not significant.
Thermo-thickening polymers are a class of polymers whose aqueous solution viscosity increases with increasing temperature over a range of temperatures. Chinese patent CN101302267A (200810095791.5) discloses a nonionic thermal tackifying water soluble polymer, which is a polymer formed by copolymerizing a monomer (A) and a monomer (B), and is characterized in that the monomer (A) is a nonionic monomer, and the monomer (B) is a nonionic macromonomer without surface activity; by adopting a molecular design method of the thermal tackifying water-soluble polymer and utilizing the copolymerization of the nonionic water-soluble macromonomer and the nonionic monomer acrylamide, the water solubility of the copolymer can be increased, and the viscosity of the copolymer can be obviously increased along with the increase of the temperature; however, as can be seen from fig. 1 and 2 of the patent, thickening is already evident at lower temperatures, which is detrimental to the migratory motion of the polymer in the formation.
Therefore, how to improve the stability of acrylamide copolymers, the thickening effect, especially at low temperature, remains a problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide an acrylamide copolymer and a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the present invention provides an acrylamide copolymer comprising a structural unit a, a structural unit B, and a structural unit C, wherein the structural unit a is a structural unit represented by formula (I), the structural unit B is a structural unit represented by formula (II), and the structural unit C is a structural unit represented by formula (III); based on the total weight of the acrylamide copolymer, the content of the structural unit A is 70-90 wt%, the content of the structural unit B is 8-28 wt%, and the content of the structural unit C is 0.1-5 wt%;
Figure GDA0002692222550000031
wherein R is1And R2Each independently is hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl, R3Is C1-C12 alkylene, R4、R5、R6And R7Each independently hydrogen or C1-C12 alkyl.
Preferably, the content of the structural unit A is 75 to 85 wt%, the content of the structural unit B is 14 to 24 wt%, and the content of the structural unit C is 0.2 to 2 wt%, based on the total weight of the acrylamide copolymer.
Preferably, the viscosity average molecular weight of the acrylamide copolymer is 1400 to 1800 ten thousand; more preferably, the viscosity average molecular weight of the acrylamide copolymer is 1580 ten thousand to 1750 ten thousand.
Preferably, R1And R2Each independently is H or methyl, R3Is C2-C6 alkylene, R4、R5、R6And R7Each independently is H or C1-C6 alkyl.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the acrylamide copolymer, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of carrying out polymerization reaction on a monomer mixture in water under the condition of solution polymerization reaction of olefin and in the presence of an initiator to obtain the acrylamide copolymer; the monomer mixture contains a monomer D, a monomer E and a monomer F, wherein the monomer D is a monomer with a structure shown in a formula (IV), the monomer E is a monomer with a structure shown in a formula (V), and the monomer F is a monomer with a structure shown in a formula (VI); and the weight ratio of the monomer D, the monomer E and the monomer F is 1: (0.089-0.4): (0.001-0.07);
Figure GDA0002692222550000041
wherein R is1' and R2' independently of one another are hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl, R3' is C1-C12 alkylene, R4′、R5′、R6' and R7' each independently is hydrogen or C1-C12 alkaneAnd (4) a base.
Preferably, the monomer D is used in an amount of 175-225 parts by weight, the monomer E is used in an amount of 15.6-90 parts by weight, and the monomer F is used in an amount of 0.19-16 parts by weight, based on 1000 parts by weight of water; preferably, the monomer D is used in an amount of 180-200 parts by weight, the monomer E is used in an amount of 29.6-72 parts by weight, and the monomer F is used in an amount of 0.36-6 parts by weight.
Preferably, the initiator is selected from azo-based initiators and redox-based initiators, the azo-based initiator being used in an amount of 0.0002 to 0.03 wt%, preferably 0.0015 to 0.01 wt%, based on the total weight of the monomers in the monomer mixture; the redox initiator is used in an amount of 0.0002 to 0.03 wt%, preferably 0.0015 to 0.01 wt%, based on the total weight of the monomers in the monomer mixture; the redox initiator comprises an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent, wherein the reducing agent is an inorganic reducing agent and/or an organic reducing agent, and the weight ratio of the oxidizing agent to the reducing agent is (0.1-1): 1;
preferably, the azo-based initiator is a water-soluble azo-based initiator selected from at least one of 2,2 ' -azobisisobutyronitrile, 2 ' -azobisisobutylamidine dihydrochloride, azobisisoheptonitrile, 2 ' -azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) hydrochloride, 2 ' -azo [2- (2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane ] dihydrochloride, and 4,4 ' -azobis (4-cyanovaleric acid);
preferably, the oxidizing agent is at least one of benzoyl peroxide, hydrogen peroxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5 bis (hydroperoxy) hexane, ammonium persulfate, sodium persulfate, and potassium persulfate; the inorganic reducing agent is at least one of ferrous sulfate, ammonium ferrous sulfate, cuprous chloride, potassium sulfite, sodium sulfite, ammonium bisulfite, potassium bisulfite, sodium thiosulfate, potassium thiosulfate, rongalite and sodium bisulfite; the organic reducing agent is at least one of N, N-dimethylethanolamine, N, N-dimethylpiperazine, tetramethylurea, N, N-dimethylethylenediamine and N, N, N ', N' -tetramethylethylenediamine.
Preferably, the monomer D is an acrylamide monomer, and the acrylamide monomer is one or more of acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-dimethylacrylamide, N-diethylacrylamide, N-isopropylacrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide and N-hydroxyethyl acrylamide;
preferably, the monomer E is N-vinylpyrrolidone;
preferably, the monomer F is represented by the formula (VI), wherein R2' is H, R3' is C2-C6 alkylene, R4′、R5′、R6' and R7' are each independently H or C1-C6 alkyl.
Preferably, the solution polymerization conditions of the olefin comprise: the solution polymerization reaction of the olefin is carried out in an inert atmosphere, the initiator is an azo initiator, the temperature is 40-70 ℃, the time is 2-10h, and the pH value is 6-8.
Preferably, the solution polymerization conditions of the olefin comprise: the solution polymerization reaction of the olefin is carried out in an inert atmosphere, the initiator is a redox initiator, the temperature is 15-30 ℃, the time is 5-10h, and the pH value is 6-8.
Preferably, the method further comprises drying the polymer obtained after the polymerization reaction, wherein the drying conditions comprise: the temperature is 40-120 ℃ and the time is 0.2-4 hours.
The invention also provides the application of the acrylamide copolymer prepared by the method as a thermal thickener.
The acrylamide copolymer provided by the invention simultaneously introduces the structural unit B shown in the formula (II) and the structural unit C shown in the formula (III), has better water solubility and low-temperature stability by introducing the structural unit B shown in the formula (II), and forms a large space network structure, namely a dynamic physical crosslinking network structure, by introducing the borate structural unit C with hydrophobic property shown in the formula (III) and utilizing hydrophobic effect to enable the acrylamide copolymer to form polymer intermolecular association, so that the solution viscosity is obviously increased compared with that of the acrylamide polymer; in addition, under the condition of formation temperature (85-95 ℃), the borate structure in the structural unit C can be partially hydrolyzed into a boric acid structure, new hydroxyl groups are generated, and the new hydroxyl groups, the structural unit B and carboxyl groups hydrolyzed from acrylamide can be subjected to micro-crosslinking reaction at high temperature, so that the viscosity of the acrylamide copolymer aqueous solution can be further improved, and the purpose of thickening is achieved.
In addition, under the high temperature condition of 85-95 ℃, the apparent viscosity of the aqueous solution of the acrylamide copolymer provided by the invention can reach more than 19mPa.s, so that the acrylamide copolymer has the advantage of great thickening, and the acrylamide copolymer provided by the invention can be used as a thickening agent, has stable structure and higher viscosity at normal temperature, does not reduce the viscosity at high temperature (higher than 85 ℃), has a certain increase, has the effects of reducing the water/oil flow ratio and improving the oil recovery ratio, and can be used as a thermal thickening agent for high-temperature high-salinity tertiary oil recovery.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Detailed Description
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
The invention provides an acrylamide copolymer, which comprises a structural unit A, a structural unit B and a structural unit C, wherein the structural unit A is a structural unit shown in a formula (I), the structural unit B is a structural unit shown in a formula (II), and the structural unit C is a structural unit shown in a formula (III); and the content of the structural unit a may be 70 to 90% by weight, the content of the structural unit B may be 8 to 28% by weight, and the content of the structural unit C may be 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the acrylamide copolymer;
Figure GDA0002692222550000071
wherein R is1、R2Each independently is hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl, R3May be C1-C12 alkylene, R4、R5、R6、R7May each independently be hydrogen or C1-C12 alkyl.
According to the present invention, the object of the present invention can be achieved to some extent by the acrylamide copolymer which contains the structural unit A, the structural unit B and the structural unit C and satisfies the above proportional relationship.
In the present invention, the alkyl group having 1 to 4 may be a straight chain or a branched chain. Examples of the C1-C4 alkyl group may include, but are not limited to: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl and tert-butyl.
In the present invention, the alkyl group having 1-12 carbon atoms may be linear or branched. Examples of the C1-C12 alkyl group may include, but are not limited to: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, tert-pentyl, neopentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl and n-dodecyl.
The inventors of the present invention have found, in their studies, that a polymer comprising a specific structural unit a, a specific structural unit B, and a specific structural unit C can achieve a good thickening effect when used in a thermal thickener. For example, R in the structural unit A represented by the formula (I)1Is H or methyl, R in a structural unit C represented by the formula (III)2Is H or methyl, R3Is any one of alkylene of C2-C6, R4、R5、R6And R7Each independently is H or any one of alkyl of C1-C6, wherein R4、R5、R6And R7May be the same or different.
In the present invention, although the object of the present invention can be achieved as long as the structural unit a, the structural unit B and the structural unit C are contained and the above proportional relationship is satisfied, it is preferable that the content of the structural unit a is 75 to 85% by weight, the content of the structural unit B is 14 to 24% by weight and the content of the structural unit C is 0.2 to 2% by weight based on the total weight of the acrylamide copolymer; more preferably, the content of the structural unit A is 76 to 83 wt%, the content of the structural unit B is 15 to 22 wt%, and the content of the structural unit C is 0.2 to 1.8 wt%, based on the total weight of the acrylamide copolymer.
In the present invention, the viscosity average molecular weight of the acrylamide copolymer is 1400 to 1800 ten thousand; preferably, the viscosity average molecular weight of the acrylamide copolymer is 1580 ten thousand to 1750 ten thousand.
In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the acrylamide copolymer, wherein the preparation method comprises the steps of carrying out polymerization reaction on a monomer mixture in water under the condition of solution polymerization reaction of olefin and in the presence of an initiator to obtain the acrylamide copolymer; the monomer mixture contains a monomer D, a monomer E and a monomer F, wherein the monomer D is a monomer with a structure shown in a formula (IV), the monomer E is a monomer with a structure shown in a formula (V), and the monomer F is a monomer with a structure shown in a formula (VI); and the weight ratio of the monomer D, the monomer E and the monomer F is 1: (0.089-0.4): (0.001-0.07);
Figure GDA0002692222550000091
wherein R is1' and R2' independently of one another are hydrogen or C1-C4 alkyl, R3' is C1-C12 alkylene, R4′、R5′、R6' and R7' are each independently hydrogen or C1-C12 alkyl.
In the present invention, the alkyl group having 1 to 4 may be a straight chain or a branched chain. Examples of the C1-C4 alkyl group may include, but are not limited to: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl and tert-butyl.
In the present invention, the alkyl group having 1-12 carbon atoms may be linear or branched. Examples of the C1-C12 alkyl group may include, but are not limited to: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, tert-pentyl, neopentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl and n-dodecyl.
According to the preparation method of the present invention, the object of the present invention can be achieved to some extent by the acrylamide copolymer prepared by copolymerizing the monomer D, the monomer E and the monomer F in the above-mentioned ratio relationship. Preferably, the weight ratio of the monomer D, the monomer E and the monomer F is 1: (0.16-0.32): (0.002-0.027).
According to the production method of the present invention, it is preferable that the polymerization reaction is a random copolymerization reaction.
The preparation method according to the present invention, wherein the monomer D having the structure represented by formula (iv) may be an acrylamide-based monomer, and examples that may be used include, but are not limited to, one or more of acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-dimethylacrylamide, N-diethylacrylamide, N-isopropylacrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide, and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide; preferably, the monomer D is acrylamide or methacrylamide.
According to the preparation method, the monomer E with the structure shown in the formula (V) is N-vinyl pyrrolidone, the addition of the monomer E in the polymerization reaction is beneficial to increasing the water solubility of the prepared acrylamide copolymer, and the synergistic addition of the monomer E and the monomer F in proportion to the polymerization reaction is beneficial to comprehensively optimizing the water solubility and the high-temperature thickening effect of the acrylamide copolymer.
The preparation method of the invention is characterized in that the monomer F with the structure shown in the formula (VI) can be simply called as a boron-containing monomer, and preferably, R in the formula (VI) is2' is H, R3' is any one of alkylene of C2-C6, R4′、R5′、R6' and R7' are each independently any of H or C1-C6 alkyl.
According to the production method of the present invention, by selecting a specific monomer D, a specific structural monomer E, and a specific structural monomer F to react, the thickening effect of the resulting polymer can be further improved.
According to the preparation method of the present invention, the solution polymerization reaction is carried out in water, and the ratio of the weight of the monomer mixture to the total weight of water and the monomer mixture at the start of the solution polymerization reaction of the olefin is not particularly limited and may be varied within a wide range as long as the monomer mixture can be dissolved in water to facilitate the solution polymerization reaction, and preferably, the water is deionized water. Preferably, the monomer D is used in an amount of 175-225 parts by weight, preferably 180-200 parts by weight, based on 1000 parts by weight of water. According to the conversion of the weight ratio of the monomer D, the monomer E and the monomer F, the amount of the monomer E is 15.6 to 90 parts by weight, preferably 29.6 to 72 parts by weight while the monomer D is added in 1000 parts by weight; the monomer F is used in an amount of 0.19 to 16 parts by weight, preferably 0.36 to 6 parts by weight.
According to the preparation method of the present invention, there is no particular requirement for the selection of the initiator as long as it can promote the solution polymerization of the olefin in the monomer D, the monomer E, and the monomer F, and examples thereof include, but are not limited to, azo-based initiators or redox-based initiators; wherein, the azo initiator can be used in an amount of 0.0002 to 0.03 wt%, preferably 0.0015 to 0.01 wt%, based on the total weight of the monomers in the monomer mixture; the redox initiator may be used in an amount of 0.0002 to 0.03 wt%, preferably 0.0015 to 0.01 wt%, based on the total weight of the monomers in the monomer mixture; the redox initiator includes an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent, the reducing agent is an inorganic reducing agent and/or an organic reducing agent, and the weight ratio of the oxidizing agent to the reducing agent may be (0.1-1): 1;
preferably, the azo-based initiator is a water-soluble azo-based initiator selected from at least one of 2,2 ' -azobisisobutyronitrile, 2 ' -azobisisobutylamidine dihydrochloride, azobisisoheptonitrile, 2 ' -azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) hydrochloride, 2 ' -azo [2- (2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane ] dihydrochloride, and 4,4 ' -azobis (4-cyanovaleric acid); more preferably, the water-soluble azo initiator is 2,2 '-azobisisobutylamidine dihydrochloride or 2, 2' -azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) hydrochloride;
preferably, the oxidizing agent is at least one of benzoyl peroxide, hydrogen peroxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5 bis (hydroperoxy) hexane, ammonium persulfate, sodium persulfate, and potassium persulfate; more preferably, the oxidizing agent is ammonium sulfate, potassium persulfate, or ammonium persulfate;
preferably, the inorganic reducing agent is at least one of ferrous sulfate, ferrous ammonium sulfate, cuprous chloride, potassium sulfite, sodium sulfite, ammonium bisulfite, potassium bisulfite, sodium thiosulfate, potassium thiosulfate, rongalite and sodium bisulfite; the organic reducing agent is at least one of N, N-dimethylethanolamine, N, N-dimethylpiperazine, tetramethylurea, N, N-dimethylethylenediamine and N, N, N ', N' -tetramethylethylenediamine; more preferably, the reducing agent is sodium sulfite or sodium bisulfite.
According to the preparation method, no special requirements are required for the conditions of the solution polymerization reaction of the olefin, and the corresponding reaction conditions can be reasonably adjusted according to the applicable conditions of the selected initiator.
Preferably, the solution polymerization conditions of the olefin comprise: the solution polymerization reaction of the olefin is carried out in an inert atmosphere, the initiator is an azo initiator, and the temperature is 40-70 ℃, preferably 45-50 ℃; the time is 2 to 10 hours, preferably 4 to 6 hours; the pH value is 6-8, preferably 6.5-7.5.
Preferably, the solution polymerization conditions of the olefin comprise: the solution polymerization reaction of the olefin is carried out in an inert atmosphere, the initiator is a redox initiator, and the temperature is 15-30 ℃, preferably 15-20 ℃; the time is 5 to 10 hours, preferably 6 to 7 hours; the pH value is 6-8, preferably 6.5-7.5.
Preferably, the pH in the solution polymerization conditions of the olefin is adjusted by adding a base and/or an acid, the base may be an inorganic base or an organic amine compound, such as at least one compound selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, aqueous ammonia, methylamine, ethylamine, ethanolamine and triethanolamine, and is preferably sodium hydroxide. The acid is preferably an inorganic acid, and the inorganic acid may be at least one of hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, nitric acid, and phosphoric acid.
Preferably, the inert atmosphere (also referred to as protective atmosphere) refers to an atmosphere in the presence of an inert gas (protective gas), wherein the inert gas (protective gas) is a gas that does not react with the raw materials and the products, and may be, for example, at least one of nitrogen gas or a gas of a group zero element (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon) in the periodic table of elements, which is conventional in the art; preferably, the inert gas is nitrogen.
According to the preparation method of the present invention, the inert atmosphere in the solution polymerization reaction conditions of the olefin is optionally realized by: continuously introducing inert gas in the process of the solution polymerization reaction of the olefin; or introducing inert gas into the aqueous solution mixed with the monomer mixture for a predetermined time before the solution polymerization of the olefin begins, and then sealing the solution polymerization space; preferably, the predetermined time is 20-40 min.
According to the preparation method, the acrylamide copolymer obtained after polymerization reaction is granulated, dried, crushed and screened. Wherein the drying step is not particularly required, and conventional methods known in the art can be adopted, for example, the drying method can be a hot air drying method, and the hot air drying temperature can be 40-120 ℃, preferably 70-90 ℃; the time is 0.2 to 4 hours, preferably 0.5 to 2 hours. The steps of granulation, pulverization and screening are not particularly required, and conventional methods known in the art can be adopted, and are not described in detail herein.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides an acrylamide copolymer prepared by the preparation method. The acrylamide copolymer has the same content of structural units as the acrylamide copolymer described above in the present invention, and will not be described herein again.
In addition, the invention also provides an application of the acrylamide copolymer as a thermal thickener. By adopting the acrylamide copolymer as the thickening agent, the high-temperature high-salinity oil reservoir tertiary oil recovery agent has the advantages of stable structure, high viscosity at normal temperature, no reduction of viscosity at high temperature (higher than 85 ℃), certain increase, reduction of water/oil flow ratio and improvement of oil recovery rate, and is suitable for tertiary oil recovery of high-temperature high-salinity oil reservoirs.
Hereinafter, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples.
In the following examples, the performance test of the product was carried out using the following method:
1. viscosity average molecular weight: according to formula Mv＝([η]/K)1\αCalculation was carried out where K ═ 4.5 × 10-3α is 0.80, intrinsic viscosity [. eta. ]]The determination is carried out according to the determination method of the intrinsic viscosity of the polyacrylamide in GB 12005.1-1989;
2. polymer dissolution time: the measurement was carried out according to the method specified in the Petroleum administration for victory enterprises Standard Q/SH 10201572-2006.
3. The apparent viscosities of the polymer solutions at different temperatures were measured using a rotational viscometer model DV-III ULTRA supplied by Bohler fly (Brookfield) USA.
The raw materials used in the following examples are illustrated below:
acrylamide is commercially available from momo biochemical industries, inc;
n-vinyl pyrrolidone is commercially available from Aladdin reagents, Inc.;
2,2 ' -azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) hydrochloride, 2 ' -azobisisobutylamidine dihydrochloride, and 4,4 ' -azobis (4-cyanovaleric acid) were all commercially available from Aldrich;
ammonium persulfate and sodium bisulfite are commercially available from Beijing Chemicals, Inc.
Preparation example 1
The structural monomer F of formula (VI) is prepared according to the preparation method of Acs Macro Letters, 2012,1(5): 529-:
Figure GDA0002692222550000141
that is, in the monomer F having a structure represented by the formula (VI), R2' is H, R3' is ethylene, R4′、R5′、R6' and R7' are each independently methyl.
Example 1
This example illustrates the preparation of acrylamide copolymers according to the present invention.
(1) Random copolymerization reaction: 190g of acrylamide (AM, monomer D), 50g of N-vinylpyrrolidone (monomer E) and 2g of the boron-containing monomer prepared in preparation example 1 above (monomer F) and 1000g of deionized water were added to a beaker at room temperature with stirring; after the raw materials are dissolved, adding sodium hydroxide into the aqueous solution to adjust the pH value of the aqueous solution to 7.5; then introducing nitrogen into the aqueous solution to remove oxygen for 30min, and sealing the beaker to form inert atmosphere; then 0.01g of ammonium persulfate and 0.01g of sodium bisulfite are added into the aqueous solution to be used as a redox initiation system, and then the mixture reacts for 7 hours at the constant temperature of 15 ℃ under normal pressure to obtain a colloidal polymer solution product;
(2) granulating, drying, crushing and screening: the gel-like polymer solution product was pelletized by a pelletizer into copolymer pellets of 4 to 6 mm, dried at 80 ℃ for 1 hour, and then sieved by pulverization to obtain an acrylamide copolymer product P1 of 20 to 80 mesh.
As a result, the viscosity-average molecular weight of the acrylamide copolymer product P1 was found to be 1750X 104The dissolving time is 80 min; and
according to the calculation of the charging amount, the structural unit A (wherein R is the total weight of the acrylamide copolymer product P1)1Is H) is 78.5% by weight, the structural unit B containsIn an amount of 20.7% by weight and structural units C (wherein R is2Is H, R3Is ethylene, R4、R5、R6And R7Methyl) was contained in the amount of 0.8 wt%.
Example 2
This example illustrates the preparation of acrylamide copolymers according to the present invention.
(1) Random copolymerization reaction: to a beaker, at room temperature, were added, with stirring, 180g of acrylamide (AM, monomer D), 57.6g of N-vinylpyrrolidone (monomer E) and 2.4g of the boron-containing monomer prepared in preparation example 1 above (monomer F) and 1000g of deionized water; after the raw materials are dissolved, adding sodium hydroxide into the aqueous solution to adjust the pH of the aqueous solution to 6.5; then introducing nitrogen into the aqueous solution to remove oxygen for 30min, and sealing the beaker to form inert atmosphere; then adding 0.02g of initiator 2, 2' -azobis (2-methyl propionamidine) hydrochloride (AIBA) into the aqueous solution, and reacting for 4 hours at constant temperature of 50 ℃ under normal pressure (water bath temperature control) to obtain a colloidal polymer solution product;
(2) granulating, drying, crushing and screening: the gel-like polymer solution product was pelletized by a pelletizer into copolymer pellets of 4 to 6 mm, dried at 80 ℃ for 1 hour, and then sieved by pulverization to obtain an acrylamide copolymer product P2 of 20 to 80 mesh.
As a result, it was found that the viscosity-average molecular weight of the acrylamide copolymer product P2 was 1720X 104The dissolving time is 82 min; and
according to the calculation of the charging amount, the structural unit A (wherein R is the total weight of the acrylamide copolymer product P2)1Is H) is 75% by weight, the content of structural units B is 24% by weight and structural units C (where R is2Is H, R3Is ethylene, R4、R5、R6And R7Methyl) was contained in an amount of 1% by weight.
Example 3
This example illustrates the preparation of acrylamide copolymers according to the present invention.
(1) Random copolymerization reaction: 200g of acrylamide (AM, monomer D), 32.9g of N-vinylpyrrolidone (monomer E) and 2.4g of the boron-containing monomer prepared in preparation example 1 above (monomer F) and 1000g of deionized water were added to a beaker at room temperature with stirring; after the raw materials are dissolved, adding sodium hydroxide into the aqueous solution to adjust the pH value of the aqueous solution to 7; then introducing nitrogen into the aqueous solution to remove oxygen for 30min, and sealing the beaker to form inert atmosphere; then adding 0.01g of initiator 2, 2' -azobisisobutylamidine dihydrochloride into the aqueous solution, and reacting for 5 hours at constant temperature of 45 ℃ under normal pressure to obtain a colloidal polymer solution product;
(2) granulating, drying, crushing and screening: the gel-like polymer solution product was pelletized by a pelletizer into copolymer pellets of 4 to 6 mm, dried at 80 ℃ for 1 hour, and then sieved by pulverization to obtain an acrylamide copolymer product P3 of 20 to 80 mesh.
As a result, it was found that the viscosity-average molecular weight of the acrylamide copolymer product P3 was 1700X 104The dissolving time is 82 min; and
according to the calculation of the charging amount, the structural unit A (wherein R is the total weight of the acrylamide copolymer product P3)1Is H) is 85% by weight, the content of structural units B is 14% by weight and structural units C (where R is2Is H, R3Is ethylene, R4、R5、R6And R7Methyl) was contained in an amount of 1% by weight.
Example 4
This example illustrates the preparation of acrylamide copolymers according to the present invention.
An acrylamide copolymer was prepared by the same preparation method as example 1, except that: acrylamide (AM, monomer D) was used in an amount of 190g, N-vinylpyrrolidone (monomer E) was used in an amount of 36.3g, and the boron-containing monomer (monomer F) prepared in the above preparation example 1 was used in an amount of 0.45g, to prepare an acrylamide copolymer product P4.
As a result, it was found that the viscosity-average molecular weight of the acrylamide copolymer product P4 was 1600X 104The dissolving time is 85 min; and
calculated and determined according to the feeding amount, and the acrylamide is used for co-polymerizationStructural unit A (wherein R is the total weight of the polymer product P4)1Is H) is 83.8% by weight, the content of structural units B is 16% by weight and structural units C (where R is2Is H, R3Is ethylene, R4、R5、R6And R7Methyl) was contained in the amount of 0.2 wt%.
Example 5
This example illustrates the preparation of acrylamide copolymers according to the present invention.
(1) Random copolymerization reaction: 185g of acrylamide (AM, monomer D), 41.6g of N-vinylpyrrolidone (monomer E) and 4.6g of the boron-containing monomer prepared in preparation example 1 above (monomer F) and 1000g of deionized water were added to a beaker at room temperature with stirring; after the raw materials are dissolved, adding sodium hydroxide into the aqueous solution to adjust the pH value of the aqueous solution to 7; then introducing nitrogen into the aqueous solution to remove oxygen for 30min, and sealing the beaker to form inert atmosphere; then adding 0.05g of initiator 2, 2' -azobis (2-methyl propionamidine) hydrochloride (AIBA) into the aqueous solution, and reacting for 6 hours at the constant temperature of 60 ℃ under normal pressure to obtain a colloidal polymer solution product;
(2) granulating, drying, crushing and screening: the gel-like polymer solution product was pelletized by a pelletizer into copolymer pellets of 4 to 6 mm, dried at 80 ℃ for 1 hour, and then sieved by pulverization to obtain an acrylamide copolymer product P5 of 20 to 80 mesh.
As a result, it was found that the viscosity-average molecular weight of the acrylamide copolymer product P5 was 1580X 104The dissolving time is 86 min; and
according to the calculation of the charging amount, the structural unit A (wherein R is the total weight of the acrylamide copolymer product P5)1Is H) is 80% by weight, the content of structural units B is 18% by weight and structural units C (where R is2Is H, R3Is ethylene, R4、R5、R6And R7Methyl) was contained in an amount of 2% by weight.
Example 6
This example illustrates the preparation of acrylamide copolymers according to the present invention.
An acrylamide copolymer was prepared by the same preparation method as in example 1, except that the boron-containing monomer (monomer F) used had the following structure:
Figure GDA0002692222550000181
that is, in the monomer F having a structure represented by the formula (VI), R2' is methyl, R3' is ethylene, R4′、R5′、R6' and R7' are each independently methyl.
The result was an acrylamide copolymer product P6.
As a result, it was found that the viscosity-average molecular weight of the acrylamide copolymer product P6 was 1650X 104The dissolving time is 84 min; and
according to the calculation of the charging amount, the structural unit A (wherein R is the total weight of the acrylamide copolymer product P6)1Is H) is 78.5% by weight, the content of structural units B is 20.7% by weight and structural units C (where R is2Is methyl, R3Is ethylene, R4、R5、R6And R7Methyl) was contained in the amount of 0.8 wt%.
Example 7
This example illustrates the preparation of acrylamide copolymers according to the present invention.
An acrylamide copolymer was prepared by the same preparation method as in example 1, except that the boron-containing monomer (monomer F) used had the following structure:
Figure GDA0002692222550000182
that is, in the monomer F having a structure represented by the formula (VI), R2' is H, R3' is ethylene, R4′、R5′、R6' and R7' are each independently H.
The result was an acrylamide copolymer product P7.
As a result, it was found that the viscosity-average molecular weight of the acrylamide copolymer product P7 was 1620X 104The dissolving time is 85 min; and
according to the calculation of the charging amount, the structural unit A (wherein R is the total weight of the acrylamide copolymer product P7)1Is H) is 78.5% by weight, the content of structural units B is 20.7% by weight and structural units C (where R is2Is H, R3Is ethylene, R4、R5、R6And R7Is H) is present in an amount of 0.8% by weight.
Example 8
This example illustrates the preparation of acrylamide copolymers according to the present invention.
An acrylamide copolymer was prepared by the same preparation method as in example 1, except that the boron-containing monomer (monomer F) used had the following structure:
Figure GDA0002692222550000191
that is, in the monomer F having a structure represented by the formula (VI), R2' is H, R3' is butylene, R4′、R5′、R6' and R7' are each independently H.
The result was an acrylamide copolymer product P8.
As a result, it was found that the viscosity-average molecular weight of the acrylamide copolymer product P8 was 1620X 104The dissolving time is 82 min; and
according to the calculation of the charging amount, the structural unit A (wherein R is the total weight of the acrylamide copolymer product P8)1Is H) is 78.5% by weight, the content of structural units B is 20.7% by weight and structural units C (where R is2Is H, R3Is butylene, R4、R5、R6And R7Is H) is present in an amount of 0.8% by weight.
Comparative example 1
An acrylamide copolymer was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the boron-containing monomer (monomer F) prepared in preparation example 1 was not added, and as a result, an acrylamide copolymer product P9 was obtained.
As a result, it was found that the viscosity-average molecular weight of the acrylamide copolymer product P9 was 1745X 104The dissolving time is 80 min; and
according to the calculation of the charging amount, the structural unit A (wherein R is the total weight of the acrylamide copolymer product P9)1H) was 79.17% by weight, and the content of structural unit B was 20.83% by weight.
Comparative example 2
An acrylamide copolymer was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that N-vinylpyrrolidone (monomer E) was not added, and as a result, an acrylamide copolymer product P10 was obtained.
As a result, the viscosity-average molecular weight of the acrylamide copolymer product P10 was found to be 1640X 104The dissolving time is 98 min; and
according to the calculation of the charging amount, the structural unit A (wherein R is the total weight of the acrylamide copolymer product P10)1H) in a content of 98.86% by weight, structural unit C (wherein R is2Is H, R3Is ethylene, R4、R5、R6And R7Methyl) was contained in the amount of 1.04 wt%.
Comparative example 3
An acrylamide copolymer was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the monomer D, the monomer E and the monomer F were used in a weight ratio of 1: 0.5: 0.1, the resulting acrylamide copolymer product P11.
As a result, it was found that the viscosity-average molecular weight of the acrylamide copolymer product P11 was 1020X 104The dissolving time is 105 min; and
according to the calculation of the charging amount, the structural unit A (wherein R is the total weight of the acrylamide copolymer product P11)1H) is 62.5% by weight, the content of structural unit B is 31.25% by weight,structural unit C (wherein R2Is H, R3Is ethylene, R4、R5、R6And R7Methyl) was contained in the amount of 6.25% by weight.
Test example 1
The acrylamide copolymer products P1-P8 and P9-P11 prepared in examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were used as thermal thickeners, and the apparent viscosities of the respective thermal thickeners at different temperatures were measured.
The test method comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing simulated mineral water with the total mineralization degree of 19334mg/L (wherein the total concentration of calcium ions and magnesium ions is 514mg/L) according to a method of enterprise standard Q/SH10201572-2006 of the Shengli Petroleum administration;
secondly, preparing a polymer (acrylamide copolymer products P1-P11) solution with the concentration of 3000mg/L by taking the simulated mineral water as a solvent, and stirring for 24 hours at room temperature;
finally, the apparent viscosities of the polymer solutions at different temperatures were measured using a rotational viscometer of the model DV-III ULTRA, available from Bohler fly (Brookfield) USA, with a constant shear rate of 25s-1The measuring temperature interval is 30-95 ℃, and the heating rate is 2 ℃/min.
The measurement results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure GDA0002692222550000211
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the viscosity of the aqueous solution of the acrylamide copolymer products P1-P8 provided by the invention has small change at 50 ℃ or below, and then increases with the temperature, reaches the maximum value at 85 ℃, and further increases to 90 ℃, and the viscosity can still keep a high state. The acrylamide copolymer products P9 prepared in comparative examples 1-3, which have no boron-containing monomer, have higher initial viscosity and gradually lower viscosity as the temperature increases; the acrylamide copolymer product P10 has a low molecular weight because it does not contain the monomer E, and the overall viscosity is low although the overall viscosity increases with the temperature rise; the acrylamide copolymer product P11 has a low molecular weight and a low overall viscosity due to improper mixture ratio of the three monomers. Therefore, the acrylamide copolymer product P1-P8 provided by the invention has obvious high-temperature thermal thickening property, belongs to a typical thermal thickening polymer, and is particularly suitable for the field of reservoir development with the formation temperature higher than 85 ℃.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable way, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosure of the invention, and all fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (14)

1. An acrylamide copolymer comprising a structural unit A, a structural unit B and a structural unit C, wherein the structural unit A is a structural unit represented by formula (I), the structural unit B is a structural unit represented by formula (II), and the structural unit C is a structural unit represented by formula (III); based on the total weight of the acrylamide copolymer, the content of the structural unit A is 70-90 wt%, the content of the structural unit B is 8-28 wt%, and the content of the structural unit C is 0.1-5 wt%;
Figure FDA0002692222540000011
wherein R is1And R2Each independently is hydrogen or C1-C4Alkyl of R3Is C1-C12Alkylene of (A), R4、R5、R6And R7Each independently is hydrogen or C1-C12Alkyl groups of (a);
wherein the viscosity average molecular weight of the acrylamide copolymer is 1400-1800 ten thousand.
2. The acrylamide copolymer according to claim 1, wherein the content of the structural unit a is 75 to 85 wt%, the content of the structural unit B is 14 to 24 wt%, and the content of the structural unit C is 0.2 to 2 wt%, based on the total weight of the acrylamide copolymer.
3. The acrylamide copolymer according to claim 1, wherein the viscosity average molecular weight of the acrylamide copolymer is 1580-1750 ten thousand.
4. The acrylamide copolymer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein R is1And R2Each independently is H or methyl, R3Is C2-C6Alkylene of (A), R4、R5、R6And R7Each independently is H or C1-C6Alkyl group of (1).
5. A preparation method of acrylamide copolymer is characterized in that the preparation method comprises the steps of carrying out polymerization reaction on a monomer mixture in water under the condition of solution polymerization reaction of olefin and in the presence of an initiator to obtain the acrylamide copolymer; the monomer mixture contains a monomer D, a monomer E and a monomer F, wherein the monomer D is a monomer with a structure shown in a formula (IV), the monomer E is a monomer with a structure shown in a formula (V), and the monomer F is a monomer with a structure shown in a formula (VI); and the weight ratio of the monomer D, the monomer E and the monomer F is 1: (0.089-0.4): (0.001-0.07);
Figure FDA0002692222540000021
wherein R is1' and R2' independently of one another are hydrogen or C1-C4Alkyl of R3' is C1-C12Alkylene of (A), R4′、R5′、R6' and R7' independently of one another are hydrogen or C1-C12Alkyl groups of (a);
wherein the initiator is selected from azo initiators or redox initiators, the usage amount of the azo initiators is 0.0002-0.03 weight percent of the total weight of the monomers in the monomer mixture, and the usage amount of the redox initiators is 0.0002-0.03 weight percent of the total weight of the monomers in the monomer mixture.
6. The process as claimed in claim 5, wherein the monomer D is used in an amount of 175-225 parts by weight, the monomer E is used in an amount of 15.6-90 parts by weight, and the monomer F is used in an amount of 0.19-16 parts by weight, based on 1000 parts by weight of water.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the monomer D is used in an amount of 180-200 parts by weight, the monomer E is used in an amount of 29.6-72 parts by weight, and the monomer F is used in an amount of 0.36-6 parts by weight.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein the azo-based initiator is used in an amount of 0.0015 to 0.01% by weight based on the total weight of monomers in the monomer mixture; the dosage of the redox initiator is 0.0015 to 0.01 percent of the total weight of the monomers in the monomer mixture; the redox initiator comprises an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent, wherein the reducing agent is an inorganic reducing agent and/or an organic reducing agent, and the weight ratio of the oxidizing agent to the reducing agent is (0.1-1): 1.
9. the process according to claim 5, wherein the azo-based initiator is a water-soluble azo-based initiator selected from at least one of 2,2 ' -azobisisobutyronitrile, 2 ' -azobisisobutylamidine dihydrochloride, azobisisoheptonitrile, 2 ' -azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) hydrochloride, 2 ' -azo [2- (2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane ] dihydrochloride, and 4,4 ' -azobis (4-cyanovaleric acid); the oxidant is at least one of benzoyl peroxide, hydrogen peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-bis (hydroperoxide) hexane, ammonium persulfate, sodium persulfate and potassium persulfate; the inorganic reducing agent is at least one of ferrous sulfate, ammonium ferrous sulfate, cuprous chloride, potassium sulfite, sodium sulfite, ammonium bisulfite, potassium bisulfite, sodium thiosulfate, potassium thiosulfate, rongalite and sodium bisulfite; the organic reducing agent is at least one of N, N-dimethylethanolamine, N, N-dimethylpiperazine, tetramethylurea, N, N-dimethylethylenediamine and N, N, N ', N' -tetramethylethylenediamine.
10. The method of claim 5, wherein the monomer D is an acrylamide-based monomer that is one or more of acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-dimethylacrylamide, N-diethylacrylamide, N-isopropylacrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide, and N-hydroxyethylacrylamide;
the monomer E is N-vinyl pyrrolidone; and
the monomer F is shown as a formula (VI), wherein R2' is H, R3' is C2-C6Alkylene of (A), R4′、R5′、R6' and R7' each independently is H or C1-C6An alkyl group.
11. The process of claim 5, wherein the solution polymerization conditions of the olefin comprise: the solution polymerization reaction of the olefin is carried out in an inert atmosphere, the initiator is an azo initiator, the temperature is 40-70 ℃, the time is 2-10h, and the pH value is 6-8.
12. The process of claim 5, wherein the solution polymerization conditions of the olefin comprise: the solution polymerization reaction of the olefin is carried out in an inert atmosphere, the initiator is a redox initiator, the temperature is 15-30 ℃, the time is 5-10h, and the pH value is 6-8.
13. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 12, wherein the method further comprises drying the polymer obtained after the polymerization, wherein the drying conditions comprise: the temperature is 40-120 ℃ and the time is 0.2-4 h.
14. Use of an acrylamide copolymer as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4 or prepared by a method as defined in any one of claims 5 to 13 as a thermal thickener.
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