CN109227058B

CN109227058B - Machining method of casting

Info

Publication number: CN109227058B
Application number: CN201811438114.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨明川; 高松
Original assignee: Chongqing Yongchuan Zhiyuan Metal Casting Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Yongchuan Zhiyuan Metal Casting Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-11-27
Filing date: 2018-11-27
Publication date: 2020-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 2038-11-27
Also published as: CN109227058A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of casting processing, in particular to a casting processing method, which comprises the following steps: A. wrapping elastic protective film outside borax; B. taking a drill bit, wherein a chip removal cavity and a pouring cavity are formed in the drill bit, and borax with an elastic protective film is filled into the pouring cavity; C. identifying a defect area on the casting; D. cleaning the defect area by using polishing equipment, and removing an oxide layer and residual impurities on the defect area; E. machining a filling hole in the defect area, and stopping a drill bit in the filling hole after drilling; F. pouring the repairing liquid in a molten state into the pouring cavity, slowly pulling out the drill bit from the filling hole, and stopping pouring the repairing liquid into the pouring cavity after the drill bit is completely pulled out from the filling hole; G. and after the repaired area is solidified and cooled to normal temperature, polishing the repaired area to finish the repairing process. This scheme has reduced the waste of patching material.

Description

Machining method of casting

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of casting processing, in particular to a casting processing method.

Background

The cast is an article cast from molten iron. During the processing and production process of the castings, certain defects are often left for the castings due to various unexpected factors, the defects can be roughly divided into air holes, shrinkage cavities, shrinkage porosity, slag holes, sand holes and the like, the sizes of some defects are large, the safety of the integral structure of the castings is endangered, and subversion quality accidents can occur.

In order to solve the above technical problems, at present, a round through hole is usually formed in a defect area of a casting, and then a round bar is inserted into the through hole, and an outer wall of the round bar and an inner wall of the through hole are adhered to each other, thereby completing defect repair.

However, in the existing method, because the length of the round bar is fixed and the depths of the defect areas are different, when the round bars with the same length are adopted to repair the defects with different depths, the round bar is broken off probably because the length of the round bar is larger than the depth of the defect, thereby causing the waste of round bar raw materials; or the length of the round bar is smaller than the depth of the defect, so that the defect area cannot be completely repaired, and a plurality of round bars are required to be connected with each other for use during repair, so that the operation is troublesome.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a casting processing method to reduce the waste of repairing materials.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for processing a casting, comprising the steps of:

A. borax pretreatment: wrapping elastic protective film outside borax;

B. treating the drill bit: a chip removal cavity and a pouring cavity are formed in the drill bit, and borax with an elastic protective film is filled in the pouring cavity;

C. and (3) identifying defects: identifying a defect area on the casting;

D. preprocessing a defective area: cleaning the defect area by using polishing equipment, and removing an oxide layer and residual impurities on the defect area;

E. drilling: machining a filling hole in the defect area, and stopping a drill bit in the filling hole after drilling;

F. pouring repair liquid: pouring the repairing liquid in a molten state into the pouring cavity, slowly pulling out the drill bit from the filling hole, and stopping pouring the repairing liquid into the pouring cavity after the drill bit is completely pulled out from the filling hole;

G. and after the repaired area is solidified and cooled to normal temperature, polishing the repaired area.

When adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, have following beneficial effect:

1. the method fills the repair liquid into the filling hole through the pouring cavity on the drill bit, the drill bit is slowly pulled out from the filling hole in the process of filling the repair liquid, and the repair liquid is stopped pouring into the pouring cavity after the drill bit is completely pulled out from the filling hole, so that the volume of the repair liquid poured into the filling hole is equal to the volume in the filling hole, and further the repair liquid is prevented from being wasted due to the fact that the poured repair liquid overflows from the filling hole excessively. In addition, the filling hole is repaired by using the method, the round rod does not need to be broken or connected, the repairing is convenient and simple, and materials are saved.

2. When the repairing liquid is poured into the pouring cavity, the drill bit is positioned in the filling hole, and the repairing liquid enters the filling hole along the pouring cavity in the drill bit. On one hand, the drill bit can play a role in guiding flow, so that the repairing liquid can conveniently enter the filling hole; on the other hand, compared with the method of directly pouring the repair liquid into the filling hole, the method can prevent the repair liquid from being easily blocked by forming a liquid film at the opening part of the filling hole when the repair liquid is poured due to the fact that the filling hole is small, so that the formed liquid film is prevented from blocking the repair liquid from being poured into the filling hole, and the repair liquid is further prevented from being poured out of the filling hole.

3. The elastic protective film is wrapped outside the borax, so that the borax can be protected, the weathering denaturation of the borax is prevented, and the fusion effect of the borax as a fusion agent is favorably ensured. Moreover, the borax has certain toxicity, and the elastic protective film wraps the borax to prevent poisoning caused by direct contact of a human body with the borax, so that the health of the human body is facilitated. In addition, because the protective film has elasticity, the borax in the pouring cavity can block the pouring cavity, so that the pouring cavity cannot have gaps, and thus, in the drilling process, formed scraps cannot enter the pouring cavity to block the pouring cavity, so that the repair liquid is ensured to be poured into the pouring cavity subsequently, the protective film is melted, the borax is carried to flow into the filling hole together, and the liquidity of the pouring cavity is ensured.

4. The chip removal cavity is used for containing chips drilled by the drill bit, so that enough space is reserved in the filling hole for containing the drill bit. And the sweeps can block up the chip removal chamber in entering the chip removal chamber, like this, after borax in the pouring chamber is melted by the mending liquid, can not come out from the chip removal chamber after a small amount of borax is heated and volatilizes to can prevent that the workman from inhaling, do benefit to the health.

Further, the polishing device used in step D is an angle grinder or a polishing machine. The angle grinder and the polishing machine are common polishing equipment, and are convenient to purchase and configure.

Further, in the step B, a spiral channel is arranged in the chip removal cavity. In the drilling process of the drill bit, the spiral channel can play a role in upwards transferring the scraps, so that the scraps move upwards in the scrap discharging cavity, and the scraps can conveniently enter the scrap discharging cavity.

And step B, an observation cavity is formed in the drill bit, the bottom of the observation cavity is communicated with the bottom of the pouring cavity, and an observation hole is formed in the observation cavity. When the repair liquid is poured into the pouring cavity, one part of the repair liquid enters the filling hole, the other part of the repair liquid enters the observation cavity and rises along the observation cavity, and when the repair liquid is observed through the observation hole, the drill bit can be moved upwards at the moment. Therefore, the worker can conveniently hold the moment of moving the drill bit upwards.

Further, in the step a, the elastic protection film is foam or plastic. Both the foam and the plastic have certain elasticity. And the foam and the plastic can be heated, volatilized and disappear when being poured by the high-temperature repairing liquid, the fusion effect of the borax cannot be influenced, and the generated impurities are less.

Further, in the step F, the repair liquid is a molten liquid of the same material as the casting. Therefore, the material of the repair liquid is the same as that of the casting, and the appearance of the casting after repair is better.

Further, the method also comprises the step H: and pouring the scraps in the scrap discharge cavity into the high-temperature furnace. Therefore, the scraps poured into the high-temperature furnace are melted into the repair liquid again, so that the reutilization of the scraps is realized, and the resources are saved.

Further, in step B, the drill is mounted on a drilling apparatus. The drilling equipment is used for driving the drill bit to rotate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a drilling apparatus;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the drill bit of example 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the drill bit in embodiment 2.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a processing table 1, a pressing plate 2, a pressure spring 3, a fixing table 4, a drill bit 5, a rotating table 6, a motor 7, a cylinder 8, an annular channel 9, a first check valve 10, a liquid outlet pipe 11, a piston 12, a piston cylinder 13, a piston rod 14, a second check valve 15, a liquid inlet pipe 16, a high-temperature furnace 17, a driving gear 18, a driven gear 19, a chip removal cavity 20, a pouring cavity 21, borax 22, an observation hole 23 and an observation cavity 24.

Example 1

A method for processing a casting, comprising the steps of:

A. borax pretreatment: the borax is wrapped with an elastic protective film, the elastic protective film in the embodiment is foam or plastic, and the specific processing method comprises the following steps: processing the plastic or the foam into a cylindrical elastic protective film by using a plastic forming machine or a foam forming machine, filling the borax into the cylindrical elastic protective film, and sealing the cylindrical elastic protective film.

B. Treating the drill bit: referring to fig. 2, a chip removal cavity 20 and a pouring cavity 21 are formed in the drill bit 5, a spiral channel is formed in the chip removal cavity 20, borax 22 with an elastic protective film is filled in the pouring cavity 21, and a hole communicated with the chip removal cavity 20 and a hole communicated with the pouring cavity 21 are respectively formed in the bottom of the drill bit 5.

C. And (3) identifying defects: the defective areas on the casting are identified manually.

D. Preprocessing a defective area: and cleaning the defect area by using polishing equipment, wherein the polishing equipment in the embodiment is an angle grinder or a polishing machine, and removing an oxide layer and residual impurities on the defect area.

E. Drilling: the drill bit 5 is mounted on the drilling equipment in fig. 1, the drilling equipment is used for machining a filling hole in the defect area of the casting, and after drilling is finished, the drill bit 5 is stopped in the filling hole.

The drilling equipment that this embodiment relates to is shown in fig. 1, which comprises a frame, be equipped with processing platform 1 in the frame and be located the cylinder 8 of processing platform 1 top, cylinder 8 passes through the bolt and installs in the frame, cylinder 8's cylinder pole is down, install motor 7 through the bolt on cylinder 8's the cylinder pole, cylinder 8's cylinder pole can drive motor 7 vertical migration, install swivel platform 6 through the bolt on motor 7's the output shaft, the outside cover of swivel platform 6 is equipped with fixed station 4, swivel platform 6 passes through the bearing and rotates the connection on fixed station 4, the drill bit 5 that fig. 2 is shown is installed through the triangle chuck in the bottom of swivel platform 6, the vertical sliding connection of fixed station 4 is in the frame. The fixing table 4 is provided with a pressing plate 2 below, a pressure spring 3 is connected between the pressing plate 2 and the fixing table 4, a telescopic cylinder is sleeved on the outer side of the pressure spring 3, so that the pressure spring 3 is prevented from being bent when compressed, and the pressing plate 2 is provided with a through hole through which the drill bit 5 can pass. A piston cylinder 13 is arranged on the right side of the fixed table 4, a piston 12 is connected in the piston cylinder 13 in a sliding mode, the piston 12 is connected with a piston rod 14, the piston rod 14 is connected to the bottom end of the piston cylinder 13 in a sealing sliding mode, and the bottom end of the piston rod 14 is welded on the pressing plate 2. A liquid outlet pipe 11 is communicated between the bottom of the piston cylinder 13 and the rotary table 6, a first one-way valve 10 which can only enable the repair liquid in the piston cylinder 13 to flow into the rotary table 6 in a one-way mode is arranged on the liquid outlet pipe 11, an annular channel 9 is arranged on the outer side wall, attached to the fixed table 4, of the rotary table 6, the bottom of the annular channel 9 is communicated with a pouring cavity 21 of the drill bit 5, and due to the fact that the annular channel 9 is annular, the rotary table 6 can be always kept in a communicated state with the liquid outlet pipe 11 no matter how many angles the drill bit 5 rotates in the rotating process. A high-temperature furnace 17 for melting materials into repair liquid is arranged on the right side of the piston cylinder 13, a liquid inlet pipe 16 is communicated between the bottom of the high-temperature furnace 17 and the bottom of the piston cylinder 13, and a second one-way valve 15 which only enables the repair liquid to flow into the piston cylinder 13 from the high-temperature furnace 17 in a one-way mode is arranged on the liquid inlet pipe 16. The top of the high-temperature furnace 17 is provided with an opening, the opening is rotatably connected with a driven gear 19, the middle part of the driven gear 19 is provided with a bayonet communicated with the opening of the high-temperature furnace 17, and the bayonet is used for being clamped with the drill bit 5. The driven gear 19 is connected to a drive gear 18.

The repair material of the same material as the casting is put into the high temperature furnace 17, and the high temperature furnace 17 melts the repair material into the repair liquid. During drilling, the motor 7 and the air cylinder 8 are started, the motor 7 drives the rotating table 6 to rotate in the fixed table 4, and the rotating table 6 drives the drill bit 5 to rotate. Meanwhile, the motor 7 is driven by the cylinder 8 to move downwards, the motor 7 drives the rotating table 6 and the fixed table 4 to move downwards, and the fixed table 4 drives the pressing plate 2 to move downwards through the pressure spring 3. When the pressing plate 2 is attached to a casting on the processing table 1, the distance between the pressing plate 2 and the fixing table 4 is reduced, the pressure spring 3 is compressed, the pressure spring 3 generates elasticity for the pressing plate 2, the pressing plate 2 presses the casting downwards, meanwhile, the drill bit 5 is in contact with a defect area of the casting through a through hole in the pressing plate 2, and the drill bit 5 drills out a filling hole in the defect area. In the drilling process, because the spiral channel in the chip discharging cavity 20 is in a spiral shape, the spiral channel rotates in the process of feeding materials by utilizing the principle that the spiral channel can feed materials, so that the scraps generated in the filling hole move upwards along the chip discharging cavity 20 and are stored in the chip discharging cavity 20. Further, since the gap between the fixed table 4 and the platen 2 is gradually reduced, the piston 12 is pushed upward by the piston rod 14 to generate a negative pressure in a portion of the piston cylinder 13 located below the piston 12, and the repair liquid in the high temperature furnace 17 is sucked into the piston cylinder 13 and stored.

F. Pouring repair liquid: after the drilling is finished, the motor 7 is stopped and the cylinder 8 is moved upwards. At this time, the drill bit 5 is slowly pulled out of the filling hole, the distance between the fixed platform 4 and the pressure plate 2 is gradually increased during the pulling process, the piston 12 is pulled downwards by the piston rod 14, and the repairing liquid in the piston cylinder 13 is pressed into the liquid outlet pipe 11 and flows downwards into the pouring cavity 21 in the drill bit 5 through the annular channel 9 in the rotating platform 6. The elastic protective film on the outer side of the borax 22 in the casting cavity 21 is melted and volatilized to disappear by the high-temperature repairing liquid, the borax 22 and the repairing liquid are mixed to flow downwards into the filling hole, and the borax 22 is used as a fusion agent to enable the repairing liquid and the inner wall of the filling hole to be connected into a whole, so that repairing is realized. In the process that the drill bit 5 is pulled out from the filling hole, the pressing plate 2 is pressed on the casting all the time by the elasticity of the pressing spring 3 to fix the casting, so that the drill bit 5 is pulled out from the casting more stably.

G. And after the repaired area is solidified and cooled to normal temperature, polishing the repaired area to finish the repairing process.

H. And (3) scrap recycling: for the scraps remained in the drill bit 5, the drill bit 5 can be taken down from the drilling equipment, the drill bit 5 is clamped on the bayonet on the driven gear 19 in an inverted mode, the driving gear 18 is driven to rotate, the driving gear 18 drives the driven gear 19 to rotate, the driven gear 19 drives the drill bit 5 to rotate, the scraps in the drill bit 5 move downwards along the spiral channel and enter the high-temperature furnace 17 through the bayonet on the driven gear 19 and the opening on the high-temperature furnace 17 to be melted into repair liquid, and therefore the utilization of the scraps is achieved.

When the method is adopted, the following advantages are achieved:

1. the piston 12 also moves within the piston cylinder 13 when the drill bit 5 drills down on the casting, and the piston 12 also stops when the drill bit 5 stops drilling down. Therefore, the piston 12 and the drill bit 5 synchronously move, so that the depth of the drill hole of the drill bit 5 is in direct proportion to the volume of the repair liquid sucked by the piston cylinder 13, namely the depth of the filling hole is increased, and the repair liquid sucked by the piston cylinder 13 is correspondingly increased, so that the piston cylinder 13 can provide sufficient repair liquid for the filling hole, and the waste caused by excessive repair liquid sucked by the piston cylinder 13 can be avoided.

2. Since the drill bit 5 is located in the filling hole when the repair liquid is poured, the repair liquid enters the filling hole along the pouring cavity 21 in the drill bit 5. On one hand, the drill 5 can play a role in guiding flow, so that the repairing liquid can conveniently enter the filling hole; on the other hand, the repairing liquid is guided by the drill 5, and the repairing liquid is poured from the bottom of the filling hole, so that the opening of the filling hole can be prevented from being blocked by the repairing liquid forming a liquid film.

3. The elastic protective film is wrapped outside the borax, so that the borax can be protected, the weathering denaturation of the borax is prevented, and the fusion effect of the borax is guaranteed. Moreover, the borax has certain toxicity, and the elastic protective film wraps the borax to prevent poisoning caused by direct contact of a human body with the borax, so that the health of the human body is facilitated. In addition, the protective film has elasticity to extrude the inner wall of the pouring cavity 21, so that the borax 22 in the pouring cavity 21 can block the pouring cavity 21, the pouring cavity 21 cannot have gaps, and thus, in the drilling process, formed scraps cannot enter the pouring cavity 21 to block the pouring cavity 21, so that the repair liquid is guaranteed to be poured into the pouring cavity 21 subsequently, the protective film is melted and flows into the filling hole together with the borax 22, and the liquidity of the pouring cavity 21 is guaranteed.

4. The debris removal cavity 20 is used to contain debris drilled by the drill bit 5 so that there is sufficient space within the fill hole to accommodate the drill bit 5. And the scraps enter the scrap discharging cavity 20 to block the scrap discharging cavity 20, so that after the borax 22 in the pouring cavity 21 is melted by the repairing liquid, a small amount of borax 22 is volatilized and cannot come out from the scrap discharging cavity 20, thereby preventing workers from sucking and being beneficial to human health.

Example 2

Embodiment 2 differs from embodiment 1 in that, as shown in fig. 3, the inside of the drill 5 in this embodiment is further provided with an observation cavity 24, the bottom of the observation cavity 24 is communicated with the bottom of the pouring cavity 21, and the observation cavity 24 is provided with an observation hole 23. When the repair liquid is poured into the pouring cavity 21, a part of the repair liquid enters the filling hole, and the other part of the repair liquid enters the observation cavity 24 and rises along the observation cavity 24, and when the repair liquid is observed through the observation hole 23, the drill 5 can be moved upward. Thereby, it is convenient to grasp the timing and the scale of moving the drill 5 upward.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various changes and modifications without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these should be construed as the scope of protection of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent. The techniques, shapes, and structural parts, which are omitted from the description of the present invention, are all known techniques.

Claims

1. A processing method of a casting is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

A. borax pretreatment: wrapping elastic protective film outside borax;

C. and (3) identifying defects: identifying a defect area on the casting;

E. drilling: machining a filling hole in the defect area by using drilling equipment, and stopping a drill bit in the filling hole after drilling;

G. after the repaired area is solidified and cooled to normal temperature, polishing the repaired area;

the drilling equipment comprises a frame, a processing table and an air cylinder positioned above the processing table are arranged on the frame, an air cylinder rod of the air cylinder faces downwards, a motor is arranged on the air cylinder rod of the air cylinder, a rotating table is arranged on an output shaft of the motor, a fixed table is sleeved outside the rotating table, the rotating table is rotatably connected to the fixed table, a drill bit is arranged on the bottom of the rotating table, the fixed table is vertically and slidably connected to the frame, a pressing plate is arranged below the fixed table, a pressure spring is connected between the pressing plate and the fixed table, a piston cylinder is arranged on the right side of the fixed table, a piston is slidably connected in the piston cylinder, a piston rod is connected to the piston and is hermetically and slidably connected to the bottom end of the piston cylinder, the bottom end of the piston rod is welded on the pressing plate, a liquid outlet pipe is communicated between the bottom of, an annular channel is arranged on the outer side wall, attached to the fixed table, of the rotating table, the bottom of the annular channel is communicated with a pouring cavity of the drill bit, a high-temperature furnace used for melting materials into repair liquid is arranged on the right side of the piston cylinder, a liquid inlet pipe is communicated between the bottom of the high-temperature furnace and the bottom of the piston cylinder, and a second one-way valve only enabling the repair liquid to flow into the piston cylinder from the high-temperature furnace in a one-way mode is arranged on the liquid inlet pipe.

2. A method of machining a casting according to claim 1, wherein: and D, polishing equipment used in the step D is an angle grinder or a polishing machine.

3. A method of machining a casting according to claim 1, wherein: and in the step B, a spiral channel is arranged in the chip removal cavity.

4. A method of machining a casting according to claim 1, wherein: and in the step B, an observation cavity is formed in the drill bit, the bottom of the observation cavity is communicated with the bottom of the pouring cavity, and an observation hole is formed in the observation cavity.

5. A method of machining a casting according to claim 1, wherein: in the step A, the elastic protective film is foam or plastic.

6. A method of machining a casting according to claim 1, wherein: in the step F, the repair liquid is a molten liquid which is the same as the casting in material.

7. A method of machining a casting according to claim 6, wherein: further comprising the step H: and pouring the scraps in the scrap discharge cavity into the high-temperature furnace.