CN109226329B - Square tube forming system and method - Google Patents
Square tube forming system and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109226329B CN109226329B CN201811236676.5A CN201811236676A CN109226329B CN 109226329 B CN109226329 B CN 109226329B CN 201811236676 A CN201811236676 A CN 201811236676A CN 109226329 B CN109226329 B CN 109226329B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013003 hot bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
- B21C37/0803—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams the tubes having a special shape, e.g. polygonal tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
- B21C37/083—Supply, or operations combined with supply, of strip material
Abstract
The invention discloses a square tube forming system and a method, which belong to the field of steel cold bending and are used for forming square tubes with larger specifications in cold bending. The invention can carry out bending arc treatment on the plate strip in the initial forming pass, can effectively prevent the phenomenon of concave instability in the forming process of the large-specification thin-wall pipe in the bending process, is beneficial to forming the upper and lower R angles, effectively avoids the phenomenon of thinning the bending part of the corner and improves the forming quality of the square tube.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel cold bending industry, and relates to a large-specification square tube forming process and a production line.
Background
At present, square tube forming is generally divided into two types, the first type is round forming, namely, a steel plate is formed into a round tube, then the round tube is formed through finish rolling, and the second type is direct forming, namely, the round tube is formed through multi-pass bending, and then the finish rolling is welded. The round square has the advantages that: the formed product has good quality, quick forming speed of a machine set, such as equal R angle, flat welding seam and good product appearance, but the round square material has relatively low utilization rate, high forming power, multiple production passes and poor roller commonality, and when thick-wall pipes are produced, if the hole pattern design is unreasonable, the metal is seriously accumulated at the corners and even causes the defects of fracturing and the like;
the direct forming process has the following advantages: the investment can be reduced due to simple process equipment, the unfolding width of the steel belt is small, the specified length is light, and the material is saved; the roller is formed by combining roller edges, has strong public performance, less spare parts of the roller, smaller forming force and low energy consumption, but has the defects that the inner angle R is uneven, the corner is easy to thin, the large-specification thin-wall pipe is easy to generate concave instability, and the forming quality and the dimensional accuracy are lower than those of a direct squaring process.
At present, compared with the process of 'round before' in the present state of the domestic cold bending industry, the process of 'direct forming' is more suitable for domestic enterprises.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the advantages and disadvantages of the round square and the direct square, the invention aims to provide a square tube forming system and a square tube forming method, which are a variant mode of the direct square, namely have the advantages of saving materials in the direct square, less forming pass, small forming force and the like, have the advantages of good forming quality of the round front and the direct square, low dimensional accuracy and the like, and can avoid the defects of concave instability, thinning or stacking of an R angle and the like of a large-specification thin-wall tube.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a square tube forming system and a square tube forming method, comprising a clamping and conveying unit for centering a square tube forming front plate belt, a forming unit for bending the plate belt into a convex square tube with radians on four sides through multiple passes, a welding unit for sealing and welding a closing opening of the convex square tube, a finishing mill unit for shaping the welded convex square tube and a flattening unit for straightening the shaped square tube, which are sequentially arranged according to the square tube forming direction.
By adopting the scheme, the forming system bends the plate strip into the convex square rectangular tube with the radian through the roller with the radian, and the finishing mill group and the flattening unit carry out precise shaping. Bending the upper edge of the square tube into an arc in the first time before alpha angle forming, and bending the bottom edge of the square tube into an arc in the first time at the same time, wherein the arc height can be 1/12-1/15 of the side length L; the two side walls of the square tube are bent into an arc in the first time before the beta angle is formed, the bottom edge of the square tube is bent into an arc in the first time of the beta angle, and the arc height can be 1/9-1/12 of the side length L1. Therefore, the arc formed in sequence can resist the phenomenon of concave instability in the square tube forming process, meanwhile, the forming angles of the angle alpha and the angle beta can be reduced to a certain extent due to the angle generated by bending into the arc, the forming of the angle alpha and the angle beta is facilitated, and finally, the convex square tube is subjected to finishing and leveling calibration, so that the forming quality and the dimensional accuracy are higher than those of a direct square forming mode. The arc length forming process is solid bending, the forming arc length radius is determined by the product size and the upper and lower R-angle radius, and the arc length arcing position is tangent with the R-angle arc length ending position; the roll pass of the angle forming machine frame, the angle forming machine frame and the closing port forming machine frame is changed into an arc-shaped roll with radian by a flat roll, and the arc-shaped roll is completely attached to the strip steel in the forming process.
Further, the bending pass of the forming unit is 11-13 times.
Further, the transmission mode of the forming unit adopts a lower transmission mode, and the rolling speed of the former pass is gradually increased compared with the rolling speed of the latter pass.
Further, the forming unit comprises an edge-growing arc forming machine frame, an alpha angle forming machine frame, a beta angle forming machine frame and a closed port forming machine frame.
Further, the side length arc forming machine frame, the alpha angle forming machine frame, the beta angle forming machine frame and the closed mouth forming machine frame all comprise a body, an upper horizontal roller and a lower horizontal roller which are arranged on the body, and a driving mechanism for driving the upper horizontal roller and the lower horizontal roller to rotate; the closed mouth forming machine frame also comprises vertical sticks positioned at two sides of the body.
Further, a conveying roller way is arranged among the clamping and conveying unit, the forming unit, the welding unit, the finishing mill unit and the leveling unit.
Furthermore, the welding mode of the welding unit adopts high-frequency welding or submerged arc welding.
The invention discloses a molding method utilizing the square tube molding system, which specifically comprises the following steps:
centering the uncoiled plate strip through a clamping and conveying unit and conveying the plate strip to a forming unit;
bending the plate strip into a convex square tube with four sides having radians through a forming unit for multiple times, and then sending the convex square tube to a welding unit;
sealing and welding the closed opening of the convex square rectangular tube by a welding unit, and then sending the sealed opening to a finishing mill unit;
shaping the welded convex square rectangular tube by a finishing mill group and then sending the shaped convex square rectangular tube to a leveling unit;
straightening the shaped square tube by a flattening unit to obtain the shaped square tube.
Preferably, the multi-pass bending mode of the forming unit is a bottom flush forming method, an ascending forming method or a descending forming method.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention fully utilizes the roller arc shape to form the square tube into the convex tube, and effectively counteracts the concave instability phenomenon in the forming process of the large-specification thin-wall tube through the arched radian;
2. the invention fully utilizes the advantages of two processes of round square and direct square, adopts an arc square mode, does not need multi-pass forming of round square, and has the advantage of high dimensional accuracy of round square
3. The arc has a certain bending angle, so that the angle a and the angle beta can form the convex square tube without bending by 90 degrees, and the defect of poor molding quality at the angle a and the angle beta of the direct square tube is overcome.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the specification.
Drawings
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a molding system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows the upper edge of the square tube in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the arc of two sides of a rectangular tube in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a bottom edge of the square tube in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a process of forming a square tube according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows the final shape of the convex square tube according to embodiment 1 of the present invention
FIG. 7 is a final molded section of a square tube according to example 1 of the present invention after finish rolling
FIG. 8 shows an upper edge of a square tube of an embodiment 1 of the present invention
FIG. 9 is a cross section of a square tube with curved sides in accordance with example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a bottom edge of the square tube of example 1 of the present invention in the form of an arc roller;
FIG. 11 shows a roll shape of a square tube open-close section roll in example 1 of the present invention
FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the horizontal and vertical roll forms of a square tube finishing mill group according to example 1 of the present invention;
reference numerals in the drawings: a clamping and conveying unit 1, a forming unit 2, a welding unit 3, a finishing mill unit 4 and a leveling unit 5.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic idea of the present invention by way of illustration, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a novel square tube forming process system, which is used for forming a square tube with a large specification, wherein the large specification refers to a square tube with a cross section with a maximum size exceeding 250 mm; the forming system comprises a clamping and conveying unit 1, a forming unit 2, a welding unit 3, a finishing mill unit 4 and a leveling unit 5 which are sequentially arranged along the forming direction of the plate strip, wherein the clamping and conveying unit 1 is used for transversely centering before the plate strip is formed and providing stable conveying power for the plate strip, the forming unit 2 forms the plate strip into an outer convex square tube through multiple passes, after the plate strip is formed into an outer convex square tube, the plate strip is closed through an opening, sealing and welding are performed at the welding unit 3 to form a closed section, and finally the plate strip is formed through shaping of the finishing mill unit 4 and then the plate strip is subjected to final straightening forming of the leveling unit 5.
The forming unit 2 forms the workpiece into an outer convex square rectangular tube from a plate and strip, and four sides of the cross section of the outer convex square rectangular tube are arc-shaped. The forming machine set consists of 11-13 times of frames, the forming advancing power is provided by the transmission of a lower horizontal roller, and an upper horizontal roller and a vertical roller are auxiliary rollers and do not provide power. As shown in a square tube forming process diagram in fig. 5, the forming process sequentially comprises: the upper edge of the square tube is formed into an arc, the square tube is formed into an angle a, the two side walls of the square tube are formed into an arc, the bottom of the square tube is formed into an arc, the square tube is formed into an angle beta, and the square tube closing opening is closed. The arc forming shape of the upper edge of the square tube is shown in fig. 2, the arc forming shape of the two side walls of the square tube is shown in fig. 3, the arc forming shape of the bottom of the square tube is shown in fig. 4, and the final forming section is shown in fig. 6. After the convex square tube is subjected to sealing welding through a welding unit, the convex square tube sequentially passes through a finishing mill unit and a leveling unit, and finally is formed into a square tube with high dimensional accuracy, and the cross section shape is shown in figure 7.
Preferably, the forming unit 2 is generally provided with 11 to 13 passes, the upper edge of the square tube forms an arc, the angle a can be formed by adopting a solid bending mode, the roll shape can be shown by referring to fig. 8, and the arc radius can be determined according to the forming size of the square tube. The two sides of the square tube form arcs, and the roll shape can be shown by referring to FIG. 9; the bottom of the square tube is arc-shaped, the roll shape of the beta angle forming can be referred to as shown in fig. 10, the roll shape of the roll in the closing mouth stage can be referred to as shown in fig. 11, and auxiliary standing rod forming is required to be added in the closing giving stage. After the welded seal, the finishing mill roll shape is shown with reference to FIG. 12.
The working flow of the invention is shown in figure 1, the uncoiled plate strip is centered by the clamping device, is quickly conveyed to the forming unit by the roller way, is subjected to 11-13-pass bending forming, is subjected to sealing welding by the welding unit, is finally shaped by the finishing mill unit, is straightened by the flattening unit, and finally forms the square tube section steel with high dimensional accuracy. The invention fully combines the advantages of the two forming processes of 'direct forming' and 'round first and rear second', firstly bends the plate strip into an arc shape, and then forms the angle alpha and the angle beta, thereby ensuring the forming of the square tube section steel with high quality and high quality, reducing the forming pass, and having high product quality and obvious cost control advantage.
Example 2
The difference between this example and example 1 is that the molding process in example 1 is that the upper edge of the square tube is formed into an arc-the square tube is formed into an alpha angle, the two side walls of the square tube are formed into an arc-the bottom of the square tube is formed into an arc-the square tube is formed into a beta angle, and the closing port of the square tube is closed, in this example, the sequence of the molding passes of the upper edge arc, the two side walls arc, the lower edge arc, the alpha angle and the beta angle can be exchanged, the steel plate is bent into an arc first, and then the alpha angle and the beta angle are molded.
Example 3
The difference between this example and example 1 is that the steel plate in example 1 is cold-formed at room temperature, and this example can be used for hot-forming large-sized square tubes of medium and thick plates. The roller shape can be the roller shape shown in the example 1, the roller surface is made of high temperature resistant materials, waste heat after plate and strip rolling forming is utilized, and the waste heat directly enters a forming unit after strip splitting for hot bending forming, so that the force energy parameters can be effectively reduced.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. The square tube forming system is characterized by comprising a clamping and conveying unit (1) for centering a square tube forming front plate belt, a forming unit (2) for bending the plate belt into a convex square tube with radian on four sides through multiple passes, a welding unit (3) for sealing and welding a closing opening of the convex square tube, a finishing mill unit (4) for shaping the welded convex square tube and a leveling unit (5) for straightening the shaped square tube, which are sequentially arranged according to the square tube forming direction, the forming unit comprises an edge arc forming machine frame, an alpha angle forming machine frame, a beta angle forming machine frame and a closed mouth forming machine frame, wherein the roll pass of the alpha angle forming machine frame, the beta angle forming machine frame and the closed mouth forming machine frame is an arc roll with radian.
2. The square tube forming system of claim 1, wherein the forming train has 11-13 bending passes.
3. The square tube forming system according to claim 2, wherein the forming unit is driven by a lower driving mode, and the rolling speed of the previous pass is increased compared with the rolling speed of the next pass.
4. The square tube forming system according to claim 1, wherein the side arc forming frame, the a angle forming frame, the β angle forming frame and the closed mouth forming frame each comprise a body, an upper horizontal roller and a lower horizontal roller arranged on the body, and a driving mechanism for driving the upper horizontal roller and the lower horizontal roller to rotate; the closed mouth forming machine frame also comprises vertical sticks positioned at two sides of the body.
5. The square tube forming system according to claim 1, wherein a roller way is arranged between each of the clamping unit, the forming unit, the welding unit, the finishing unit and the leveling unit.
6. The square tube forming system according to claim 1, wherein the welding mode of the welding unit adopts high-frequency welding or submerged arc welding.
7. A molding method using the square tube molding system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
centering the uncoiled plate strip through a clamping and conveying unit and conveying the plate strip to a forming unit;
bending the plate strip into a convex square tube with four sides having radians through a forming unit for multiple times, and then sending the convex square tube to a welding unit;
sealing and welding the closed opening of the convex square rectangular tube by a welding unit, and then sending the sealed opening to a finishing mill unit;
shaping the welded convex square rectangular tube by a finishing mill group and then sending the shaped convex square rectangular tube to a leveling unit;
straightening the shaped square tube by a flattening unit to obtain the shaped square tube.
8. The molding method of claim 7, wherein the multi-pass bending mode of the molding machine set is a bottom flush molding method, an ascending molding method or a descending molding method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811236676.5A CN109226329B (en) | 2018-10-23 | 2018-10-23 | Square tube forming system and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811236676.5A CN109226329B (en) | 2018-10-23 | 2018-10-23 | Square tube forming system and method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109226329A CN109226329A (en) | 2019-01-18 |
| CN109226329B true CN109226329B (en) | 2023-11-28 |
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| CN201811236676.5A Active CN109226329B (en) | 2018-10-23 | 2018-10-23 | Square tube forming system and method |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110116145B (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2020-07-10 | 太原科技大学 | Forming method of straight welded pipe |
| CN111215475B (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2022-01-21 | 武汉钢铁江北集团冷弯型钢有限公司 | Cold bending forming method of square sharp-corner steel pipe |
| CN112828070B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-02-11 | 燕山大学 | Cold bending forming process of square and rectangular pipe |
| CN113118232A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-16 | 中冶赛迪技术研究中心有限公司 | Closed-type steel hot roll bending production process |
| CN113118231B (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2023-05-09 | 中冶赛迪技术研究中心有限公司 | General technology for producing closed section steel through hot roll bending |
| CN114101374B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2024-04-12 | 武汉钢铁江北集团冷弯型钢有限公司 | Round square production method without roll replacement |
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