CN109223360B - Medical nursing sickbed capable of being lifted in linkage manner and inclining in multiple directions - Google Patents
Medical nursing sickbed capable of being lifted in linkage manner and inclining in multiple directions Download PDFInfo
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- A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
- A61G7/002—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons having adjustable mattress frame
- A61G7/008—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons having adjustable mattress frame tiltable around longitudinal axis, e.g. for rolling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
- A61G7/002—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons having adjustable mattress frame
- A61G7/005—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons having adjustable mattress frame tiltable around transverse horizontal axis, e.g. for Trendelenburg position
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种医用护理病床,具体的是一种联动升降多方向倾斜的医用护理病床。The invention relates to a medical nursing bed, in particular to a medical nursing bed with linkage lifting and inclining in multiple directions.
背景技术Background technique
现有技术当中,公开号CN201263760U公开了一种采用变形三角架实现床身整体升降、前后倾斜的病床,主要包括底架、升降转轴、升降三角架旋转臂、倾斜三角架支撑杆、倾斜三角架、床身倾斜转轴、床身、滑槽、升降推杆、倾斜推杆。其特征在于床身的整体升降和前后倾斜各用一个独立的机构便可实现。推动升降推杆,由升降三角架带动床身实现整体上升或下降;推动倾斜推杆,由倾斜三角架带动床身实现前倾或后倾,该发明改变了现有用两个悬臂支撑床身的结构,克服了以两个悬臂一起上升或下降带动床身上升或下降,或用两个悬臂之间的高度差,实现床身前后倾斜,对开拓多功能病床,提供了技术结构支持;In the prior art, Publication No. CN201263760U discloses a hospital bed that uses a deformable tripod to realize the overall lifting and front-to-rear inclination of the bed, which mainly includes a bottom frame, a lifting shaft, a lifting tripod rotating arm, a tilting tripod support rod, and a tilting tripod. , Bed tilt shaft, bed, chute, lift push rod, tilt push rod. It is characterized in that the overall lifting and front and rear inclination of the bed can be realized by an independent mechanism. Push the lifting push rod, and the lifting tripod drives the bed to achieve overall rise or fall; push the tilt push rod, and the tilting tripod drives the bed to tilt forward or backward. This invention changes the existing method of supporting the bed with two cantilevers. The structure overcomes the fact that the two cantilevers rise or fall together to drive the bed to rise or fall, or use the height difference between the two cantilevers to realize the front and rear inclination of the bed, which provides technical structural support for the development of multi-functional hospital beds;
公开号为CN205612655A的发明公开了一种医用床及其升降倾斜机构,其包括一个底座(10)、一个第一升降机构(20)和一个第二升降机构(30)。第一升降机构具有一个定位于底座的第一支撑端(22),和一个能够相对于所述第一支撑端作直线运动的第一驱动端(24),第一驱动端能够籍由一个第一铰接轴铰接于床体(80)。第二升降机构具有一个定位于底座的第二支撑端(32),和一个能够相对于第二支撑端作直线运动的第二驱动端(34),第二驱动端能够籍由一个第二铰接轴铰接于床体,且能够相对于床体滑动,第二铰接轴(342)平行于第一铰接轴(242),床体相对于第二驱动端的滑动方向垂直于第二铰接轴;The invention with publication number CN205612655A discloses a medical bed and its lifting and tilting mechanism, which comprises a base (10), a first lifting mechanism (20) and a second lifting mechanism (30). The first lifting mechanism has a first support end (22) positioned on the base, and a first drive end (24) capable of linear motion relative to the first support end, and the first drive end can be driven by a first drive end. A hinge shaft is hinged to the bed body (80). The second lift mechanism has a second support end (32) positioned on the base, and a second drive end (34) capable of linear motion relative to the second support end, the second drive end being capable of being connected by a second hinge The shaft is hinged to the bed body and can slide relative to the bed body, the second hinge shaft (342) is parallel to the first hinge shaft (242), and the sliding direction of the bed body relative to the second driving end is perpendicular to the second hinge shaft;
上述两个发明的结构存在控制精度不准,不能侧向倾斜,各个部位之间没有联动的功能,不能实现高效地调整病床上病人的位置。The structures of the above two inventions have inaccurate control accuracy, cannot be tilted laterally, and have no linkage function between various parts, and cannot efficiently adjust the patient's position on the hospital bed.
对于侧向倾斜的设置,公开号CN2838584Y一种电动式病人转运车,主要是在行走车架上连接有电动升降机构,它通过平移车面架与带有斜面的车面连接,而在电动升降机构的升降车架上连有电动平移机构和电动侧翻机构,它们二者均与车面相连接。这种病人转运车可电动升降、平移及侧翻,可使车面在500-900mm之间的高度任意升降,在1-30°之间任意侧翻。该侧翻结构由电动推杆控制,并且其支撑板为悬臂结构,受力和稳定性较差,不能稳定的控制病人的侧翻也不能很好的配合升降模块进行病人位置调整。For the setting of lateral inclination, the publication number CN2838584Y is an electric patient transfer vehicle, which is mainly connected with an electric lifting mechanism on the walking frame. The lifting frame of the mechanism is connected with an electric translation mechanism and an electric rollover mechanism, both of which are connected with the vehicle surface. This kind of patient transfer car can be lifted, translated and rolled over electrically, so that the car surface can be lifted and lowered arbitrarily at a height between 500-900mm and rolled over at any angle between 1-30°. The rollover structure is controlled by an electric push rod, and its support plate is a cantilever structure, which has poor force and stability, cannot stably control the patient's rollover, and cannot well cooperate with the lifting module to adjust the patient's position.
因此,提出一种可以联动的实现病床的升降、左右倾斜、左右移动、侧向倾斜的结构,并且各个部分按照一定的时序配合设置也可单独驱动设置,并且为了实现病床位置调整的可靠性,采用相比纯电动控制的更具有机械稳定性的更强的抗干扰能力的,凸轮机构对病床的位置进行驱动。通过凸轮图轮廓线的设置,以及各个凸轮的时序配合实现病床各个位置调整模块的联动。Therefore, a structure that can be linked to realize the lifting, left and right inclination, left and right movement, and lateral inclination of the hospital bed is proposed, and each part can also be independently driven and set according to a certain time sequence, and in order to achieve the reliability of the bed position adjustment, Compared with pure electric control, the cam mechanism is used to drive the position of the hospital bed, which is more mechanically stable and has stronger anti-interference ability. Through the setting of the contour line of the cam diagram and the timing coordination of each cam, the linkage of each position adjustment module of the hospital bed is realized.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的课题在于提出一种可以联动的实现病床的升降、左右倾斜、左右移动、侧向倾斜的结构,并且各个部分按照一定的时序配合设置也可单独驱动设置,并且为了实现病床位置调整的可靠性,采用相比纯电动控制的更具有机械稳定性的更强的抗干扰能力的,凸轮机构对病床的位置进行驱动。通过凸轮图轮廓线的设置,以及各个凸轮的时序配合实现病床各个位置调整模块的联动。The subject of the present invention is to propose a structure that can realize the lifting, left and right inclination, left and right movement, and lateral inclination of the hospital bed in linkage, and each part can also be independently driven and installed according to a certain time sequence. Reliability. Compared with pure electric control, the cam mechanism is used to drive the position of the hospital bed, which is more mechanically stable and has stronger anti-interference ability. Through the setting of the contour line of the cam diagram and the timing coordination of each cam, the linkage of each position adjustment module of the hospital bed is realized.
本发明的第一方面,医用护理病床主要有五个部分组成:底座1、安装在底座上的第一驱动机构、安装在第一驱动机构上方的中间座11、以及安装在中间座11上的第二驱动机构、以及由第二驱动机构驱动的可倾斜的床板A。In the first aspect of the present invention, the medical nursing bed is mainly composed of five parts: a
第一驱动机构驱动中间座11从而带动床板A的升降以及左右倾斜、以及左右移动。第二驱动机构实现床板A的前后倾斜。The first driving mechanism drives the
本发明的第二方面,底座1上安装有用于固定支撑第一驱动机构的横向墙板2,横向墙板2安装有两个平行设置的转轴,两个转轴上分别安装有两个第一凸轮21、两个第二凸轮22,第一凸轮21在同一轴上设置有两个,第二凸轮22在同一轴上也设置有两个,并且第一电机3驱动转轴带动两个第一凸轮21转动,第二电机4驱动转轴带动两个第二凸轮22转动,底座1上还安装有四个升降杆固定座5,升降杆固定座5为四个,其上铰接有升降杆10,升降杆10设置为4个,升降杆固定座5分布在底座1上的四个角,构成矩形的四个交点,位于左侧的升降杆10与位于右侧的升降杆10交叉设置,并且为了防止左侧的升降杆10与右侧的升降杆10产生干涉,将升降杆10中一部分的厚度变薄形成薄部分7,参见图3,并且将左侧的升降杆10的变薄部分与右侧的升降杆10的变薄部分面对设置,以便构成相互错位,并且形成可以发生相对运动的结构,第一驱动机构包括升降杆固定座5、升降杆10、第一凸轮机构。In the second aspect of the present invention, the
通过第一、第二凸轮的同步转动以及单独的转动实现床板A的升降和左右倾斜。The lifting and left-right inclination of the bed board A is realized through the synchronous rotation of the first and second cams and the independent rotation.
本发明的第三方面,两个第一凸轮21安装在由电机驱动的转轴上,凸轮轮廓表面与安装在左侧凸轮从动杆32上的滚轮33配合,通过凸轮转动来带动左侧凸轮从动杆32的摆动,其中左侧凸轮从动杆32铰接在升降杆10上,左侧的凸轮从动杆32与升降杆10之间通过较大弹性系数的压缩弹簧9连接,使得左侧凸轮从动杆32相对于升降杆10发生较小的摆动,起到减震的作用,并且起到防止凸轮的磨损。同样,右侧,其中右侧的凸轮从动杆32铰接在升降杆10上,右侧的凸轮从动杆32与升降杆10之间也通过较大弹性系数的压缩弹簧9连接,使得右侧的凸轮从动杆32相对于升降杆10发生较小的摆动,起到减震的作用,并且起到防止凸轮的磨损。此外,在左侧以及右侧的升降杆10与底座1之间分别设置有阻尼器8,阻尼器8可以承受一部分病床的压力,可以减小凸轮表面的压力,设置阻尼器8的阻尼系数使得滚轮33不脱离凸轮,并且使得凸轮表面承受适中的压力。In the third aspect of the present invention, the two
为了防止凸轮表面成承受较大的压力造成凸轮机构的卡死,设置阻尼器8用于承受一部分中间座以及床板A的重量,并且设置刚性系数较大的压缩弹簧9防止滚轮33与凸轮表面的刚性冲击。In order to prevent the cam mechanism from being stuck due to the high pressure on the cam surface, a
本发明的第四方面,第一凸轮、第二凸轮的工作在凸轮升程范围内的情况下,当需要实现左右位置倾斜时,保持一侧的第一凸轮21停止转动,另一侧的第二凸轮22继续转动,从而带动右侧的升降杆10摆动,通过右侧的升降杆10的摆动带动左支撑轴15在通槽内的滑动,因而带动左侧的中间座11被抬起,此时左侧的驱动气缸14的伸缩杆随动,右侧的驱动气缸17伸缩杆固定不动,因而实现了床板的顺时针倾斜。According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, when the first cam and the second cam work within the range of the cam lift, when the left-right position needs to be tilted, the
同理,保持一侧的第二凸轮22停止转动,另一侧的第一凸轮21继续转动,从而带动左侧的升降杆10摆动,通过左侧的升降杆10的摆动带动右支撑轴16在通槽内的滑动,因而带动右侧的中间座11被抬起,此时右侧的驱动气缸17的伸缩杆随动,左侧的驱动气缸14伸缩杆固定不动,因而实现了床板的逆时针倾斜。In the same way, the
当需要实现左右位置平移时,使得第一第二凸轮停止转动,通过驱动气缸14、17的伸缩杆配合移动实现中间座11的左右移动,当需要向左移动时,驱动气缸14伸缩杆伸长,驱动气缸17伸缩杆缩短;当需要向右移动时,驱动气缸14伸缩杆缩短,驱动气缸17伸缩杆伸长。When the left and right position translation needs to be realized, the first and second cams are stopped from rotating, and the left and right movement of the
通过凸轮的不同步的转动,实现床板的左右倾斜,通过驱动气缸14、17实现中间座以及床板的左右移动。Through the asynchronous rotation of the cams, the left and right inclination of the bed board is realized, and the left and right movement of the middle seat and the bed board is realized by driving the
本发明的第五方面,在工作时,前转轴19和后转轴24同步转动,当顺时针转动时,使得第三凸轮18为升程、第四凸轮23为降程,从而带动床板A靠近观察侧一端抬起,远离观察侧降低,当逆时针转动时,使得第三凸轮18为降程、第四凸轮23为升程,从而带动床板A靠近观察侧一端降低,远离观察侧抬起,最终实现,床板A的侧向倾斜。In the fifth aspect of the present invention, during operation, the front rotating
通过同步转动的两个不同凸轮的升程和降程实现床板的前后位置的倾斜。The inclination of the front and rear positions of the bed board is realized by the lift and drop of two different cams that rotate synchronously.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的医用护理病床的整体结构说明图。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the overall structure of the medical nursing bed of the present invention.
图2是医用护理病床侧向倾斜结构的说明图。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a laterally inclined structure of a medical nursing bed.
图3是医用护理病床升降结构、前后倾斜结构、前后移动结构说明图。FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the lifting structure, the front-rear inclination structure, and the front-rear movement structure of the medical nursing bed.
图4是医用护理病床侧向倾斜结构凸轮机构说明图。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a cam mechanism of a lateral inclination structure of a medical nursing bed.
图5是医用护理病床升降结构凸轮驱动机构说明图。FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a cam drive mechanism of a lifting structure of a medical nursing bed.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下,基于图示的优选实施方式,详述本发明。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings.
图1是本发明的医用护理病床的整体结构,该结构主要有五个部分组成:底座1、安装在底座上的第一驱动机构、安装在第一驱动机构上方的中间座11、以及安装在中间座11上的第二驱动机构、以及由第二驱动机构驱动的可倾斜的床板A。Fig. 1 is the overall structure of the medical nursing bed of the present invention, which is mainly composed of five parts: a
底座1下方安装有滚轮,方便病床的移动。底座1上安装有用于固定支撑第一驱动机构的横向墙板2,横向墙板2安装有两个平行设置的转轴,两个转轴上分别安装有两个第一凸轮21、两个第二凸轮22,第一凸轮21在同一轴上设置有两个,第二凸轮22在同一轴上也设置有两个,并且第一电机3驱动转轴带动两个第一凸轮21转动,第二电机4驱动转轴带动两个第二凸轮22转动,底座1上还安装有四个升降杆固定座5,升降杆固定座5为四个,其上铰接有升降杆10,升降杆10设置为4个,升降杆固定座5分布在底座1上的四个角,构成矩形的四个交点,位于左侧的升降杆10与位于右侧的升降杆10交叉设置,并且为了防止左侧的升降杆10与右侧的升降杆10产生干涉,将升降杆10中一部分的厚度变薄形成薄部分7,参见图3,并且将左侧的升降杆10的变薄部分与右侧的升降杆10的变薄部分面对设置,以便构成相互错位,并且形成可以发生相对运动的结构,第一驱动机构包括升降杆固定座5、升降杆10、第一凸轮机构。There are rollers installed under the
参见图5,详细说明第一凸轮机构的结构,两个第一凸轮21安装在由电机驱动的转轴上,凸轮轮廓表面与安装在左侧凸轮从动杆32上的滚轮33配合,通过凸轮转动来带动左侧凸轮从动杆32的摆动,其中左侧凸轮从动杆32铰接在升降杆10上,左侧的凸轮从动杆32与升降杆10之间通过较大弹性系数的压缩弹簧9连接,使得左侧凸轮从动杆32相对于升降杆10发生较小的摆动,起到减震的作用,并且起到防止凸轮的磨损。同样,右侧,其中右侧的凸轮从动杆32铰接在升降杆10上,右侧的凸轮从动杆32与升降杆10之间也通过较大弹性系数的压缩弹簧9连接,使得右侧的凸轮从动杆32相对于升降杆10发生较小的摆动,起到减震的作用,并且起到防止凸轮的磨损。此外,在左侧以及右侧的升降杆10与底座1之间分别设置有阻尼器8,阻尼器8可以承受一部分病床的压力,可以减小凸轮表面的压力,设置阻尼器8的阻尼系数使得滚轮33不脱离凸轮,并且使得凸轮表面承受适中的压力。5, the structure of the first cam mechanism is described in detail. The two
继续通过图1详细说明第二驱动机构,中间座11为壳状结构,其前后侧面开设有通槽,通槽内设置有左支撑轴15和右支撑轴16,左支撑轴15和右支撑轴16可以在通槽内滑动,左支撑轴15和右支撑轴16的轴线方向垂直于前后侧面,前后侧面分别开设的前后通槽内各自设置有两个驱动气缸14、17,左侧驱动气缸14一端设置在通槽左端,右侧驱动气缸17一端设置在通槽右端,左侧驱动气缸14另一端与左支撑轴15连接,右侧驱动气缸17另一端与右支撑轴16连接,进一步的参见,图3,左支撑轴15穿过左侧的前后平行设置的升降杆10的上端部的圆形通孔,左支撑轴15被水平支撑,并且其轴线前后分布,同理,右支撑轴16穿过右侧的前后平行设置的升降杆10的上端部的圆形通孔,右支撑轴16被水平支撑,并且其轴线前后分布。Continuing to describe the second driving mechanism in detail with reference to FIG. 1 , the
在上述设置的情况下,第一凸轮机构驱动升降杆10绕升降杆固定座5摆动,交叉的升降杆10带动中间座11上升和下降并且能够实现左右倾斜,当第一凸轮21与第二凸轮22同步转动时,升降杆10同步摆动,从而带动床板A竖直升降,在床板A竖直升降的过程中,左支撑轴15和右支撑轴16在通槽内滑动,为了防止中间座11的左右移动,将两个驱动气缸14、17与左支撑轴15和右支撑轴16联动,并且通过控制装置保证两个驱动气缸的升缩杆长度相等。In the case of the above arrangement, the first cam mechanism drives the lifting
第一凸轮、第二凸轮的工作在凸轮升程范围内的情况下,When the operation of the first cam and the second cam is within the cam lift range,
当需要实现左右位置倾斜时,保持一侧的第一凸轮21停止转动,另一侧的第二凸轮22继续转动,从而带动右侧的升降杆10摆动,通过右侧的升降杆10的摆动带动左支撑轴15在通槽内的滑动,因而带动左侧的中间座11被抬起,此时左侧的驱动气缸14的伸缩杆随动,右侧的驱动气缸17伸缩杆固定不动,因而实现了床板的顺时针倾斜。When the left and right position is required to be tilted, the
同理,保持一侧的第二凸轮22停止转动,另一侧的第一凸轮21继续转动,从而带动左侧的升降杆10摆动,通过左侧的升降杆10的摆动带动右支撑轴16在通槽内的滑动,因而带动右侧的中间座11被抬起,此时右侧的驱动气缸17的伸缩杆随动,左侧的驱动气缸14伸缩杆固定不动,因而实现了床板的逆时针倾斜。In the same way, the
当需要实现左右位置平移时,使得第一第二凸轮停止转动,通过驱动气缸14、17的伸缩杆配合移动实现中间座11的左右移动,当需要向左移动时,驱动气缸14伸缩杆伸长,驱动气缸17伸缩杆缩短;当需要向右移动时,驱动气缸14伸缩杆缩短,驱动气缸17伸缩杆伸长。When the left and right position translation needs to be realized, the first and second cams are stopped from rotating, and the left and right movement of the
参见图2、4具体说明床板A的前后倾斜驱动结构,中间座11上左右两端设置有用于转动安装前转轴19、后转轴24的支撑墙板,前转轴19、后转轴24可在支撑墙板25、26、27,前转轴19由第三电机12驱动,后转轴24由第四电机13驱动,前转轴19和后转轴24的中间位置分别设置有第三凸轮18、第四凸轮23,第三凸轮18和第四凸轮23的升程和降程相反,参见图4,床板A通过床板转轴30转动设置在中间座11上,床板A的横截面为倒等腰梯形,在床板A的两侧腰部平面上分别设置有弧形凸起28、29,弧形凸起28与第三凸轮18配合,弧形凸起29与第四凸轮23配合,并且为了防止产生干涉,在中间座11的上表面,与第三第四凸轮的对应的位置处设置有一长通槽,长通槽用于容纳第三、第四凸轮。Referring to Figures 2 and 4, the front and rear inclination drive structure of the bed board A is described in detail. The left and right ends of the
在工作时,前转轴19和后转轴24同步转动,当顺时针转动时,使得第三凸轮18为升程、第四凸轮23为降程,从而带动床板A靠近观察侧一端抬起,远离观察侧降低,当逆时针转动时,使得第三凸轮18为降程、第四凸轮23为升程,从而带动床板A靠近观察侧一端降低,远离观察侧抬起,最终实现,床板A的侧向倾斜。During operation, the front
以下是基于上述医用护理床的一种使用方法,第一凸轮21、第二凸轮22同步旋转,驱动气缸14、17伸缩杆同步伸长,使得床板A竖直上升,第一凸轮保持不动,第二凸轮22继续旋转,带动升降杆10顺时针转动,驱动气缸14伸缩杆继续伸长,驱动气缸17伸缩杆长度保持不变,中间座左侧被抬起,床板A一侧被抬起,同步顺时针转动第三电机12、第四电机13,第三凸轮18为升程、第四凸轮23为降程,床板A向远离观察者方向倾斜。The following is a method of using the medical nursing bed based on the above. The
以下是医用护理床恢复原状的使用方法,同步逆时针转动第三电机12、第四电机13,第三凸轮18为降程、第四凸轮23为升程,床板A恢复水平状态,第二凸轮22反向旋转,带动升降杆10逆时针转动,驱动气缸14伸缩杆收缩,中间座恢复水平状态,第一凸轮21、第二凸轮22同步反向旋转,驱动气缸14、17伸缩杆同步收缩,使得床板A竖直下降。The following is how to restore the medical nursing bed to its original state. The
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