CN109219511A - System and method for generating said three-dimensional body - Google Patents

System and method for generating said three-dimensional body Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109219511A
CN109219511A CN201780019390.9A CN201780019390A CN109219511A CN 109219511 A CN109219511 A CN 109219511A CN 201780019390 A CN201780019390 A CN 201780019390A CN 109219511 A CN109219511 A CN 109219511A
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semi
permeable layer
layer
phase
photoactive substance
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CN201780019390.9A
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CN109219511B (en
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K·斯黛德曼
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/264—Arrangements for irradiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
    • B29C64/129—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask
    • B29C64/135—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask the energy source being concentrated, e.g. scanning lasers or focused light sources
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
    • B29C64/218—Rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
    • B29C64/223—Foils or films, e.g. for transferring layers of building material from one working station to another
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/227—Driving means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/245—Platforms or substrates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/321—Feeding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
    • B29C67/24—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00 characterised by the choice of material
    • B29C67/242—Moulding mineral aggregates bonded with resin, e.g. resin concrete
    • B29C67/243—Moulding mineral aggregates bonded with resin, e.g. resin concrete for making articles of definite length
    • B29C67/244—Moulding mineral aggregates bonded with resin, e.g. resin concrete for making articles of definite length by vibrating the composition before or during moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/227—Driving means
    • B29C64/236—Driving means for motion in a direction within the plane of a layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)

Abstract

The system (1) that the present invention relates to a kind of for structural member, the system comprises: slot (13), the slot (13) have at least partly transparent base portion (23)；At least partly stretchable semi-permeable layer (7), for receiving photoactive substance (5)；And phase (9), the phase (9) are arranged in below the semi-permeable layer (7) and can form middle layer (11) in the photoactive substance (5)；Light source (25), the light source (25) are arranged in below the base portion (23) of the slot, for solidifying the photoactive substance (5) in some regions；And construction platform (31), the construction platform (31) is arranged in above the semi-permeable layer (7) and can be relative to its lifting, for receiving the component (3), at least one driver (15), the driver (15) at least extends from the semi-permeable layer (7) to the direction of construction platform (31), and it can be mobile to obtain laser propagation effect relative to the base portion (23) of the slot, so that the photoactive substance (5) is transferred in the gap (20) between construction platform (31) and the semi-permeable layer (7).

Description

System and method for generating said three-dimensional body
The present invention relates generally to a kind of for continuous in a manner of layer-by-layer and/or discontinuously construction said three-dimensional body stereolithography System.
It more particularly relates to which a kind of system for structural member, the system include: slot, the slot has At least partly transparent base portion；At least partly stretchable semi-permeable layer, for receiving photoactive substance；And phase, the phase cloth It sets below the semi-permeable layer and middle layer can be formed in the photoactive substance；Light source, the light source are arranged in slot Base portion below, for solidifying the photoactive substance in some regions；And construction platform, the construction platform are arranged in described And it can be relative to its lifting, for receiving the component or single component layer above semi-permeable layer.
At least one light source is provided, at least one described light source is at least moving in one direction below slot, uses In by chemical inertness phase, or the phase insensitive to light, and/or the solidification of the quick substance of intermediate phase control corresponding light.
In this respect, it is therefore an objective to by using semi-permeable layer, in a manner of continuously or discontinuously, independently of working as partial layer Preceding geometry generates three-dimension object, and will be integrated in the said three-dimensional body in the system or slot.
Generate three-dimensional (3D) body by photocuring substance (such as phytochrome), be it is successively cured, wherein passing through mask Sciagraphy generates cross section information by laser source, this is well-known with various titles, such as 3D printing, increasing material manufacturing or fast Fast prototype.In the production machine for being able to carry out continuous print procedure, the main DLP laser controlled using pixel, MEMS laser or controllable laser are exposed the cross section or layer.In this regard, photosensitive from liquid by exposure Substance generates solid layer.The solid layer adheres on supporter, and separates or move from reference surface by promoting supporter It removes.Therefore, said three-dimensional body is formed continuously from the photoactive substance.
Known solution describes stereolithography in the process in the reference surface of various formation from the prior art Pulling-out force or removal power during separation process, and disclose continuous print procedure.In the system exposed from below is provided, See, for example, 10 2,013 215 040 A1 of DE, greatest problem first is that removing or the component layer that has just generated of separation is without broken Bad component, so that new sensitive liquid be allowed to flow into the gap between component layer and reference surface.When component divides from the substrate of slot When from reliably to remove, this has negative effect to the speed of construction process.In the literature, such as in CA 2 In 054 276 A1, the various methods for removing component layer from slot base portion are described；In this respect, such as silicone resin is used Layer, separating foil etc..However, the method does not allow any continuous process, therefore they increase the build time of object.So And in this respect, it can produce the parts surface of substantially any size, such as by the height of backstroke and when introducing waiting Between, provide a possibility that new photoactive substance can continue to flow into wherein.
In nearest document, can find can for example promote continuous structure process by using multiphase system be System.In this respect, only one small backstroke is continuous.Therefore, the height in the gap formed for the flowing of photoactive substance Degree is in the order of magnitude of required thickness degree.Especially in the case where big parts surface, this causes new sensitive liquid insufficient Ground is transferred in gap.When using multiphase system, border surface is also unstable, and is likely to form ripple or wrinkle Deng.
An example of this technology is described in 4996010 A of US.Wherein, it provides a kind of photosensitive for receiving The slot of liquid, wherein the substance insensitive to light is also used as layer to be arranged below photoactive substance.From below by insensitive to light Layer be exposed, and layer solidify generation at two layers of phase boundary.It is rigid that the advantages of this arrangement, is that it minimizes separation Necessary power needed for rigid cured layer.
WO2015/164234A1 shows the system with several unmixing chemical phases, and wherein photosensitive layer is located at non-reaction Property carrier phase above.The arrangement is also used to continuously generate three-dimension object.In this respect, lower phase must have than as thereon The higher density of photoactive substance of layer setting.
In 10 2,013 102 377 A1 of DE, disclose another multiphase system, wherein component along phase boundary move with Just make phase boundary flat.The component is directly contacted with two-phase, and can correct the interaction between phase, this depends on component Cross section.However, being had the disadvantage in terms of the processing of the arrangement during operation.In addition, component can be moved along phase boundary Speed limited by flowing effect.
2 505 341 A1 of EP disclose it is a kind of for be layered constitute the object made of photopolymerization material technology, It is mobile to pass through photopolymerization material for middle elongated member, especially bar or line.The element only has mixed function.
The shortcomings that known technology, is, in the case where discontinuous generating means, according to geometrical layers information in carrier phase Impression pad is generated, this causes to deform or accumulate defect in component.Lower carrier must also mutually have than as layer setting thereon The higher density of photoactive substance.In addition, in discontinuous operation, processing speed is by can be along the limit for the component that phase boundary moves System.The material of the component moved along phase boundary is also limited by two-phase chemical property (corrosion).Moreover, the cleaning of component and slot It is very expensive.Technology stability in the case where two-phase directly contacts leads to undesirable effect during the entire process time The inclusion of carrier phase in fruit, such as cured component layer and part quality depending on cross section.
The purpose of the present invention is creating a kind of system in the proposed type in beginning, wherein disadvantages mentioned above is eliminated, and And by the system, even if low layer thickness and expose completely region in the case where can also promote more easily, more rapidly, it is more smart Really, said three-dimensional body continuously and/or discontinuously and is economically generated.The promotion due to the layer eventually formed should especially be solved and incited somebody to action New photoactive substance is transported to the problems in gap, and in this respect, system should be able to continuous process and non-continuous process it Between arbitrarily change, wherein should also realize the raising of system profitability.
Therefore, it is characterized in that in the present system of the mentioned type in beginning, at least one driver, the driver At least extend from semi-permeable layer to the direction of construction platform, and can be mobile to obtain laser propagation effect relative to the base portion of slot, Will pass through in the gap that photoactive substance is transferred between construction platform and semi-permeable layer by the flowing of induction.
Advantageous embodiment or further development are indicated in the following claims.
In stereolithography system of the invention, semi-permeable layer (such as foil) is provided, being conducive to chemical phase can lead to The semi-permeable layer diffusion is crossed, to interact with the photosensitive layer being arranged on semi-permeable layer, the chemistry is mutually located at half and seeps Can be existed according to the phase (gaseous state or liquid) used below permeable layers and with different coherent conditions.It does so, such as passes through Oxygen inhibition forms thin layer in photoactive substance, and the thin layer has the light sensitivity different from remaining photoactive substance.
By means of semi-permeable layer, transmittability is also created, new photoactive substance is transported to semi-permeable In the gap formed between layer and the component layer eventually formed.This comes real particularly by the geometric drive device forming of semi-permeable layer It is existing, wherein the forming can be by foil itself, by the way that at least one geometry protrusion at semi-permeable layer is arranged in (elevation), by being arranged in the displaceable element of semi-permeable layer below or above, or the controlled-deformation by the foil (such as pass through vibration or vacuum) realizes.Required laser propagation effect can also pass through the combination of activation configuration as described herein To realize.The conveying of sensitive liquid can for example promote by relative motion or by the removable protrusion of the semi-permeable layer Into.Preferably, the semi-permeable layer is in tensional state, it ensure that can produce smooth and uniform parts surface.
The semi-permeable layer can directly form the base portion of slot, or can provide other at least partly transparent base Portion.The slot is used for the reception and/or interaction of at least one photoactive substance and at least partly transparent non-photosensitivity phase.Especially Ground, the semi-permeable layer is located in slot or the major part of the layer is contacted with sensitive liquid.At least the one of the semi-permeable layer Side can at least partly be contacted with chemical substance；Preferably, the two sides of the semi-permeable layer are in contact from different chemistry.
Slot may include opening, and the semi-permeable layer is run by the opening, wherein opening is formed so that substantially not It will appear photoactive substance or other liquid or gas.The arrangement allows semi-permeable layer mobile relative to slot and/or component layer, Middle driver (or part thereof) do not contacted with photoactive substance etc., and the outside of slot device can also be set.Slot can have Multiple chambers or region, facilitating different phases can interact with semi-permeable layer, and the movement-of semi-permeable layer is simultaneously With interaction (diffusion)-with simple, compact and modular mode is promoted.
Enrichment or diffusion for forming the semi-permeable layer of photochemistry inertia middle layer in photoactive substance can also be half It is carried out except the region that permeable formation is contacted with light curable substance, particularly preferably in the area that semi-permeable floor is contacted with photoactive substance Domain.
By means of semi-permeable layer or by semi-permeable layer, geometry can also be formed, which generates geometry and drive Dynamic device protrusion, such as be located in the thickness degree or following region of component, but as described above, its be formed as allowing it is photosensitive The transmission possibility of substance.Preferably, geometry protrusion can be automatically adjusted to optimum height by control unit, the optimum height example Such as generated by the viscosity of technology parameter of such as thickness degree, transmission speed, photoactive substance.Thus promote photoactive substance effective and The transmission of intelligence, wherein photoactive substance is also possible to paste.
In this respect, it in each described modification, passes completely through or passes through by geometry protrusion at least one, it can To ensure the transmission of photoactive substance.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be further explained in detail by the preferred embodiment indicated in attached drawing, but it is of the invention It is without being limited thereto.In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of system；
Fig. 1 a is the details of the system；
Fig. 1 b is the detailed view for being used for transmission the possibility embodiment of geometric drive device protrusion of photoactive substance；
Fig. 2 a to Fig. 2 d shows the function of Fig. 1 system by schematic partial view, in order to better understand, these views Figure is limited to relevant portion and shows different method stage a) to d)；
Fig. 3 a, 3b, 3c, 3d show function of the second embodiment in different phase of system；
Fig. 3 a' is the scrap detail view of Fig. 3 a；
Fig. 4 is another exemplary embodiment of the invention, with improved transmission protrusion, in addition, the transmission protrusion can To realize in the first embodiment and in a second embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the exemplary embodiment relative to Fig. 4 modification, however, it can be used in each embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is possibility modification of the invention, and wherein transfer element is a part of system；With
Fig. 7 is another embodiment of the invention, and which provide moveable light sources, and wherein transfer element is set Meter is in pairs transparent in radiating.
Fig. 1 shows the system for three-dimensional part or main body 3 to be generated and (constructed) by so-called " rapid prototyping production " 1.Main body 3 can be by single layer 3iIt is formed in a manner of discontinuous or is continuous by photoactive substance 5, wherein i=1,2,3......, light Quick substance 5 can be solidified by light radiation, such as ultraviolet light.In this regard, under term " light ", it should be understood that be suitable for solidifying Every kind of electromagnetic radiation of respective substance 5.For example, photoactive substance 5 is generally " liquid ", wherein being also understood that under the term Pasty consistency with random viscosity.
Photoactive substance 5 is at least partly contacted with semi-permeable layer or plate layer 7, and semi-permeable layer or plate layer 7 are at least partly Ground is contacted with the second phase 9.In this respect, under term " phase ", it should be understood that the compound of any coherent condition, i.e. gas, such as Oxygen, air are at least partly transparent or translucent to radiate use in addition to the liquid with any consistency, such as water or silicone oil In solidification photoactive substance 5.
Semi-permeable layer 7 is at least partly permeable for phase 9, for example, by the diffusion of oxygen, and in this regard, with The phase 9, which occurs to interact, simultaneously to be caused to form interphase 11 in photoactive substance 5, have the reactivity at least limited or Not there is reactivity, therefore will not be solidified by incident radiation.Semi-permeable layer 7 forms the reference table for being used for stereolithography processes Face, is arranged interphase on the reference surface, and the interphase passes through layer 7 by phase 9 (such as air) and expands in photoactive substance 5 It dissipates and is formed.In this respect, semi-permeable layer 7 is at least stretched to such degree, i.e., it prevents from forming impression pad or by photosensitive Deformation/displacement of lower chemistry phase 9 caused by the liquid quality of substance 5, to prevent for example, by semi-permeable layer 7 (reference surface) Sagging form error.Radiation needed for solidification of the semi-permeable layer 7 for photoactive substance 5 be also it is at least partly permeable or Transparent, and it can for example be formed by astrafoil.Semi-permeable layer 7 can also be provided, to ensure or guarantee new photosensitive agent Matter 5 is in the component layer 3 eventually formedi-1Transmission between semi-permeable layer 7 or for providing new interphase 11.When not with When photoactive substance 5 contacts, the enrichment of the semi-permeable layer 7 and phase 9 that are used to form interphase 11 also be may be implemented, this can for example lead to The semi-permeable layer 7 at least partly stretched is crossed to realize relative to the relative motion of slot 13 or component 3.
Semi-permeable layer 7 has geometry protrusion, usually driver 15, supports the conveying of sensitive liquid 5.By means of for example Two rollers 17 that can stretch or receive semi-permeable layer 7 can by 19 preset rotation direction of apparatus control or control unit Realize the stretching and/or adjusting of semi-permeable layer 7, referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 the double-head arrow in a to Fig. 2 d.By means of sealing element 21, It prevents substance from occurring from slot 13, and promotes the removing of semi-permeable layer 7 when leaving.
Other than gas phase 9, liquid phase 9 can also be used, and slot 13 has transparent substrate 23, sets below substrate 23 It is equipped with removable and controllable light source 25, radiation needed for offer solidifies photoactive substance 5.Light source 25 for example can be number and cover Mould projection device, can LED by means of DLP chip and as radiation source it is in such a way that pixel is accurate that corresponding component is horizontal Section is exposed under light.
In the system shown in figure 1, phase 9 can be transported to slot by means of conduit 27' by pump unit 27 at any time In 13.In this respect, pump unit 27 can be designed so that it can promote the oscillation of semi-permeable layer 7, such as the body by phase 9 The time change of product flow, and thus the vibration generated causes (further) to the laser propagation effect of photoactive substance 5.The vibration of phase 9 Swinging can also for example be realized by the 27 ' ' of film in conduit 27' or in pump unit 27, such as shown in Fig. 1 a.
Above slot 13, it is located on support component 29 (referring to Fig. 1) or as part of it, is disposed with construction platform 31, The construction platform 31 is connected to driver 33, driver 33 is for example connected to system 1 by frame 35, and is able to maintain to be formed Component layer 31, 32Deng, and can be raised and reduced relative to slot 13.In its envelop of function, control unit 19 be can be realized respectively Kind of control and task is adjusted, such as the raising and reducing of structure platform 31, movement and light source of the light source 25 in power house 37 The control of energy, the stretching of semi-permeable layer 7 and the movement etc. of 25 inputs.
Construction platform 31 is designed substantially to so that it is provided for adhesive attachment means layer 3iPlane；In this respect, it constructs Platform 31 can also include geometry or structure, be conducive to the adherency of substance 5 or (uppermost) component layer, and at the same time Reduce the displacement of photoactive substance 5.
In the construction immersion photoactive substance 5 of platform 31, and when it is by 7 top of 11 top of interphase and/or semi-permeable layer Thickness degree (such as 100 microns) value arrangement when, light source 25 is activated, preferably by control unit 19 automatically activate.Structure Making platform 31 can continuously move up, and be connected to light source 25 by controller 19, according to the cross-sectional area of component 3 It is easy for carrying out continuous construction process.If the size or area of the cross section of component 3 are unfavorable for continuous structure process, this It will be identified and be understood from layer data by controller 19, and discontinuous construction process will be started, wherein moving semi-permeable layer 7 To ensure the transmission of the anti-quick substance 5 of light.Controller 19 can be according to layer 3iKnown cross-sectional data determine cross-sectional area, example Exist such as in the form of several images pixel-based.This for example passes through the cross section institute of the calculating main body or component 3 to be generated The pixel (for example, white pixel in black white image) needed is realized.
Light source 25 is adapted for carrying out continuous construction process, such as the light source controlled by using pixel, such as DLP projection Instrument can expose whole region simultaneously.Component layer 3 needed for as a result,iBy by the solidification subregion of photoactive substance 5 and It is formed selectively.
The geometry protrusion or driver 15 for being conducive to the horizontal transport of photoactive substance 5 can also be by the materials with semi-permeable layer 7 Expect different material compositions, and may be constructed a part or several parts.For example, at least one rod-shaped geometric drive device is convex Playing 15 also can have and triangular shaped different shape shown in Fig. 1.For example, protrusion 15 also can have rectangular cross-sectional Face, or as shown in Figure 1 b, several geometry protrusions 151,152,153... it waits and can be combined into 15i, it can be connected in series, And several parts can be divided if necessary and/or gradually implemented.It preferably, can also be using various geometry citation forms as production Raw geometry protrusion 15iOr 15 basis.
The base portion 23 of slot 13 itself has certain permeability for phase 9 (such as oxygen), to support interphase 11 It is formed, wherein being convenient for defencive function in the case where the failure of semi-permeable layer 7 simultaneously.
Fig. 2 a to Fig. 2 d is by showing modification or different method stages according to the components of system as directed of Fig. 1 description.? In Fig. 2 a, system 1 is in such position, wherein the layer 3 eventually formediThe thickness value of the layer newly formed is promoted.Component 3 has There is cross section, which cannot generate in the case where no 5 active transmission of photoactive substance is into generated gap 20.Root According to Fig. 2 b, movement by semi-permeable layer 7, geometric drive device protrusion 15 and interphase 11 relative to slot 13 causes to flow, New photoactive substance 5 is transported in gap 20.The method step will carry out at least once.
In figure 2 c, transmission process has been completed, and gap 20 can carry out new completely filled with photoactive substance 5 Exposure process, this will lead to form next component layer 3i。
In figure 2d, the component layer 3 of completion is showni, and then component 3 is promoted by constructing platform 31, Reach required thickness degree, and the process starts again at.
Fig. 3 a to Fig. 3 c shows one embodiment of the system, wherein semi-permeable layer 7 (such as foil) will be pressed by driver Pressure element 39 is stretched and is deformed, which can be arranged in 7 lower section of semi-permeable floor in such as slot room 41, Middle press element 39 can at least move in one direction in phase 9, and by forming geometry press element protrusion 15, will It can promote the horizontal transport of photoactive substance 5.For example, this is driven by electric linear as schematically shown in Fig. 3 a Dynamic device 43 realizes, which has a socket 45, and socket 45 is for example by magnetic coupler 47 by press element 39 and line Property axis 43 connect, wherein executing control by control unit 19.In this respect, press element 39 can both have been guided in chamber 41 or It can be guided outside chamber, and can be according to being highly adjusted (referring also to Fig. 6), to influence the geometry of semi-permeable layer 7 Protrusion 15, and preferably provide at least one such press element 39.Press element 39 has for example substantially rod-shaped shape Shape, at least random rod-shaped cross-sectional geometry (such as round, rectangle, U-shaped etc.).Therefore, by adjusting geometry Protrusion 15, also may be implemented and promotes the transmission of different thickness degree and new photoactive substance 5.In this respect, geometry protrusion 15 It is generated by direct or indirect adjoining of the semi-permeable layer 7 at press element 39.In particular, resilient middle layer 39' still may be used To be arranged between semi-permeable layer 7 and press element 39 (see Fig. 3 a').Preferably, geometry protrusion 15 is by the more of press element 39 Part-structure is formed, and the shadow for example by the position of multiple press elements (such as angle and distance relative to each other) It rings.For example, the rod-shaped press element of two substantial rectangulars can below semi-permeable layer 7 relative to each other at a certain distance and Certain angle positioning；By means of the distance of press element, the width of geometry protrusion 15 can be influenced, and passes through rod-shaped pressing member The angle of part can influence the height of geometry protrusion 15；For example, obtaining the geometry protrusion of slope shape.According to the direction of motion, example Such as the direction of geometry protrusion can be adjusted by changing the angle of press element.
Fig. 3 a to Fig. 3 d shows the continuous processing steps of the exemplary design of system, in order to generate the several of semi-permeable layer 7 What protrusion 15 can be moved relative to it using the press element 39 for being arranged in semi-permeable 7 lower section of layer and be advantageously implemented light Quick substance 5 enters the laser propagation effect in the gap 20 of 3 lower section of main body.Semi-permeable layer 7 by the arrangement in slot 13 at least partly Ground is stretched, and press element 39 can pass through the stretching of geometry and the semi-permeable layer 7 of height stand.
As shown in Figure 3b, it by the movement of press element 39 or by the movement of geometry protrusion 15, realizes substantially quiet The laser propagation effect at interphase 11 only.In figure 3 c, transmission process has been completed, and exposure process will start, and will be formed New component layer 3i, as shown in Figure 3d.After processing stage as shown in Figure 3d, it is opposite to execute the component layer 3i just generated In the promotion of slot 13, and the process will be repeated again.
Fig. 4 shows the improvement embodiment of system shown in Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 c, wherein not having below semi-permeable layer 7 (additional ) transparent substrates 23；Therefore, the simpler diffusion of phase 9 (such as air or oxygen) can be promoted, wherein geometry protrusion simultaneously 15 are formed in semi-permeable layer 7 by press element 39, the press element on the base portion (23 in Fig. 3 d) partially opened It is slided in induction element, induction element is not shown specifically.
Fig. 5 shows another modification, wherein opening 49 is for example disposed at the side surface of lower chambers 41, phase 9 (such as oxygen Gas or air) can by opening 49 flow into and can flow out, wherein transparent base 23 do not have to be it is semi-permeable simultaneously And wherein press element 39 is guided in chamber 41.In this respect, press element 39 can for example pass through magnetic as shown in Figure 3a Coupler is connected to driver.
In another embodiment, driving can be executed by the direct mechanical connection of press element 39, such as be passed through Slit (not shown) in substrate 23, or by omitting substrate 23 (referring to Fig. 6).
As shown in fig. 6, being shown at the slot 13 of lifting position can also be made of multiple components, and press element 39 It can be a part of system 1.Press element 39, which for example can be, adjusts height, the driving by other driver 44 Device 44 is located in power house 37 and for example connect with linear unit 43.By the way that slot 13 to be placed on support component 29, half seeps Permeable layers 7 will deform, this results in geometry protrusion 15, the geometry protrusion being approximately similar in Fig. 5.
Another modification is shown in FIG. 7.Here, transparent press element 39 is coupled to light source in this way 25 so that can also press element 39 it is mobile while (for example) execute exposure, and continuous exposure is realized, wherein can be with Press element 39 is run in front of light source 25 (such light source not instead of by press element, in parallel and with shift state It is exposed).In this respect, the cross sectional information generated by light source 25 will feed speed according to the position of press element 39 and path Rate and corresponding cross sectional information, for example, by mask based on digital pixel or by laser scanner (such as Galvano scanner or laser scanner with rotating polygon mirror wheel) change.This while exposure method itself is in art It is known under language " rolling ".In this respect, control unit 19 will be provided based on entire known cross sectional information and will be used for currently The corresponding information of the exposure of partial region, and the position of press element 39 and path feed rate will with light source 25 correspondingly Coordinate.Press element 9 is preferably made of the material at least partly permeable or transparent for the radiation generated by light source 25.? This respect, it is therefore particularly preferred that exposure can be with the positive influence of the geometry of depressed element 39.
Self-evident, the present invention is not limited to represented and description embodiments, but are defined by the claims including falling into The scope of the invention in all modifications, modifications and combinations.

Claims (15)

1. a kind of system (1) for structural member, the system comprises: slot (13), the slot (13) have at least partly thoroughly Bright base portion (23)；At least partly stretchable semi-permeable layer (7), for receiving photoactive substance (5)；And phase (9), the phase (9) it is arranged in below the semi-permeable layer (7) and middle layer (11) can be formed in the photoactive substance (5)；Light source (25), the light source (25) is arranged in below the base portion (23) of the slot, for solidifying the photoactive substance in some regions (5)；And construction platform (31), the construction platform (31) are arranged in the semi-permeable layer (7) top and can be relative to It goes up and down, for receiving the component (3) or single component layer (3i), which is characterized in that at least one driver (15), it is described Driver (15) at least extends from the semi-permeable layer (7) to the direction of construction platform (31), and can be relative to institute The base portion (23) for stating slot is mobile to obtain laser propagation effect, and the photoactive substance (5) is transferred to institute will pass through the flowing of induction It states in the gap (20) between construction platform (31) and the semi-permeable layer (7).
2. system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the driver (15) is deposited in the form of geometry raised (15) ?.
3. system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the height and/or shape of the geometry raised (15) are energy Enough adjust.
4. system according to any one of claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the semi-permeable layer (7) by with arrangement The interaction of phase (9) below the semi-permeable layer (7) forms middle layer or phase (11) in the photoactive substance (5), Wherein heterogeneous system is formed and the semi-permeable layer (7) at least partly stretches.
5. system according to any one of claim 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the geometry raised (15) is by pressing member Part (39) formation.
6. system according to any one of claim 1 to 5, which is characterized in that the phase (9) can have any aggregation State and density, it is at least partly transparent and can be with semi-permeable layer (7) interaction to form interphase (11).
7. the system according to any one of claim 4 to 6, which is characterized in that the middle layer or phase (11) relative to The component is removable.
8. the system according to any one of claim 4 to 6, which is characterized in that the middle layer (11) is at least substantially It is static.
9. system according to any one of claim 1 to 7, which is characterized in that the semi-permeable layer is deflectable, use In the transmission photoactive substance (5).
10. system according to any one of claim 1 to 9, which is characterized in that the driver (15) can with it is described Light source (25) is mobile simultaneously.
11. system according to any one of claim 1 to 10 is characterized in that the driver (15) at least partly thoroughly It is bright.
12. system according to any one of claim 1 to 11, which is characterized in that one is made in the driver (15).
13. system according to any one of claim 1 to 12, which is characterized in that the driver (15) is formed as bar Shape is used for transmission the photoactive substance (5).
14. system according to any one of claim 1 to 13, which is characterized in that the semi-permeable layer (7) is flexible And it is preferred that being formed by foil.
15. according to claim 1 to system described in any one of 14, which is characterized in that the semi-permeable layer (7) can move By the slot (13), and preferably, doing so the semi-permeable layer can be stretched and fix.
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