CN109217594B - 12/10 bearingless permanent magnet bias switched reluctance motor - Google Patents
12/10 bearingless permanent magnet bias switched reluctance motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN109217594B CN109217594B CN201811064460.5A CN201811064460A CN109217594B CN 109217594 B CN109217594 B CN 109217594B CN 201811064460 A CN201811064460 A CN 201811064460A CN 109217594 B CN109217594 B CN 109217594B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/17—Stator cores with permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N15/00—Holding or levitation devices using magnetic attraction or repulsion, not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bearing-free permanent magnet bias switched reluctance motor with an 12/10 structure, which consists of a suspension pole iron core, a torque pole iron core, a bias permanent magnet, a torque permanent magnet, a rotor iron core, a suspension pole winding coil, a torque pole winding coil and a shaft; the bias permanent magnet is embedded between the suspension pole iron core and the torque pole iron core, and the torque permanent magnet is embedded on the teeth of the torque pole iron core; the suspension pole winding coil and the torque pole winding coil are respectively wound on the suspension pole iron core and the torque pole iron core; the inside of suspension utmost point iron core and torque utmost point iron core is rotor core, and rotor core's inside is the axle. The 12/10-structure bearingless permanent magnet bias switch reluctance motor solves the coupling of a suspension pole and a torque pole through the bias permanent magnet and the air gap, increases electromagnetic torque through the torque permanent magnet, and improves torque density.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an 12/10 bearingless switched reluctance motor, in particular to a permanent magnet biased bearingless switched reluctance motor which can be used as a high-speed and high-precision driving motor.
Background
With the rapid development of the national industry, the development of high-speed and high-precision motors is more and more emphasized, however, the development of the high-speed and high-precision motors is restricted by the problems of reliability, high loss and the like. Therefore, the development of a motor with high reliability and low loss becomes an urgent need in the industrial technology. The traditional mechanical bearing motor has the defects of large friction loss, short service life of the motor and the like. The existing air-float and liquid-float bearings solve various problems caused by friction, but have the defects of complex structure, low efficiency, poor reliability and the like, so that the application range of the bearings is restricted.
In recent years, the switched reluctance motor has unique advantages in high-speed occasions due to the advantages of simple structure, high reliability, flexible control, high-speed adaptability and the like. The bearingless switched reluctance motor solves the problem of friction loss of a mechanical bearing motor and is low in cost, so that the bearingless switched reluctance motor is developed. However, the torque pole and the suspension pole of the conventional bearingless switched reluctance motor are usually on the same stator tooth, so that strong coupling exists between the two poles, the suspension magnetic field is unstable when the motor works, and the suspension of the motor is difficult to control stably. And because a part of the stator teeth are used as the suspension poles, the torque pole is correspondingly reduced, and the loss of the motor torque is caused. In the bearingless permanent magnet bias switched reluctance motor provided in the chinese patent application No. 201310711241.2, although the coupling situation is solved by separating the levitation pole and the torque pole by the magnetic isolation sleeve, the radial size of the motor is increased due to the presence of the magnetic isolation sleeve, so that the assembly is more complicated, and the torque loss caused by the presence of the levitation pole is not solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an 12/10 bearingless switched reluctance motor, which overcomes the defects of the existing bearingless permanent magnet biased switched reluctance motor technology, changes the distribution mode of a permanent magnet biased magnetic field, solves the coupling of rotor suspension control and torque control, and improves the torque density of the motor.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an 12/10 bearingless permanent magnet bias switch reluctance motor consists of four suspension pole iron cores, four torque pole iron cores, eight bias permanent magnets, four torque permanent magnets, a rotor iron core, a shaft, four suspension pole winding coils and eight torque pole winding coils, wherein the bias permanent magnets are embedded between the suspension pole iron cores and the torque pole iron cores; the torque permanent magnet is a cuboid and is embedded between two teeth of the torque pole iron core, a second air gap is reserved between the suspension pole iron core and the torque pole iron core, a suspension pole winding coil is wound on the suspension pole iron core, and a torque pole winding coil is wound on each tooth of the torque pole iron core. The central angle of the circular arc between the tooth of each floating pole core and the tooth of the torque pole core adjacent to the tooth of each floating pole core is 27 degrees, and the central angle of the circular arc between two teeth of each torque pole core is 36 degrees. The rotor iron core is arranged inside the suspension pole iron core and the torque pole iron core, and the shaft is arranged inside the rotor iron core; a first air gap exists among the suspension pole iron core, the torque pole iron core and the rotor iron core.
The principle of the scheme is as follows: every two bias permanent magnets provide a bias magnetic field for the bearingless switched reluctance motor to generate stable suspension force. The bias permanent magnet forms a magnetic circuit through the suspension pole iron core yoke part, the suspension pole iron core tooth part, the first air gap, the rotor iron core and the shaft, provides a permanent magnet bias magnetic field, and simultaneously adjusts current in the suspension pole winding coil to keep stable suspension force of the rotor of the bearingless switched reluctance motor. When the magnetic paths generated by the floating pole windings on the floating pole cores are seen in the directions of the magnetic paths generated by a1 and a2 (the floating pole cores are marked as a1, a2, B1 and B2), the magnetic paths generated by the floating pole windings on the floating pole cores are as follows: according to the winding mode of the coil, after being electrified, the A1 is equivalent to an N pole, the A2 is equivalent to an S pole, a magnetic circuit starts from the A1 of the suspension pole core, passes through a first air gap between the suspension pole and the rotor, the rotor core and the shaft, returns to the A2 pole, and then passes through a yoke part of the suspension pole core and two second air gaps to form a closed loop, as shown in FIG. 5. (the bias permanent magnets are marked as P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7 and P8) when the magnetic paths generated by the bias permanent magnets are seen in the directions of the magnetic paths generated by the P1, P2, P3 and P4, the magnetic paths generated by the bias permanent magnets are as follows: the magnetic circuit is sent from the N pole of the P1 to pass through the suspension pole iron core A1, the first air gap, the rotor iron core, the shaft and the suspension pole iron core B1, then returns to the S pole of the P2, and then returns to the S pole of the P1 from the N pole of the P2, namely, a magnetic field along the-y direction is generated downwards in the y-axis direction; the magnetic circuit from the N pole of P4 passes through the floating pole core a2, the first air gap, the rotor core, the shaft, the floating pole core B1, then returns to the S pole of P3, and then returns to the S pole of P4 from the N pole of P3, i.e. a magnetic field is generated in the y-axis direction along the + y direction, as shown in fig. 4. (the torque pole cores are denoted by T1, T2, T3, T4, T1 ', T2', T3 ', T4') to (T1, T2, T1 ', T2'), it is known that the principle of torque generation is: the coil windings on T1, T2, T1 ', T2' are connected in series and energized simultaneously, the torque winding coil generates a magnetic field, as shown in fig. 6, (torque permanent magnets are labeled PM1, PM2, PM3, PM4) with PM1, PM3 generating a magnetic circuit that starts from the N pole of PM1 and returns to the S pole of PM1 through the torque pole yoke when the torque winding coil is not energized; the magnetic circuit starts from the N pole of the PM3 and returns to the S pole of the PM3 through the torque pole yoke; when the torque winding coil is electrified, the magnetic circuit starts from the N pole of the PM1, passes through the torque pole iron core T1, the first air gap, the rotor iron core, the first air gap and the torque pole iron core T2 and then returns to the S pole of the PM 1; the magnetic circuit starts from the N pole of PM3, passes through the torque pole iron core T3, the first air gap, the rotor iron core, the first air gap and the torque pole iron core T4 and then returns to the S pole of PM 3; due to the existence of the torque permanent magnet, the magnetic field of the torque pole is increased, and therefore the torque is improved.
The 12/10-structure bearingless permanent magnet bias switch reluctance motor solves the coupling of a suspension pole and a torque pole through the bias permanent magnet and the air gap, increases electromagnetic torque through the torque permanent magnet, and improves torque density.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of an 12/10-structured bearingless permanent magnet biased switched reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a rotor core in an 12/10-structured bearingless permanent magnet biased switched reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of an 12/10-structured bearingless permanent magnet biased switched reluctance motor with a suspended pole core and a torque pole core;
fig. 4 is a flux path diagram of a flux of a floating-pole biased permanent magnet in an 12/10 configuration bearingless permanent magnet biased switched reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating the flux paths of the coils of the suspended pole winding in the 12/10 configuration bearingless permanent magnet biased switched reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flux path diagram of a torque pole winding coil in an 12/10 configuration bearingless permanent magnet biased switched reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a diagram of flux paths of a torque permanent magnet in an 12/10 configuration bearingless permanent magnet biased switched reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a diagram of flux paths when a torque pole winding and a torque permanent magnet of an 12/10 structure bearingless permanent magnet bias switch reluctance motor co-act according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a suspended pole stator core; 2. a torque pole iron core; 3. biasing the permanent magnet; 4. a torque permanent magnet; 5. a rotor core; 6. a shaft; 7. a suspended pole winding coil; 8. a torque pole winding coil; 9. a second air gap; 10. a first air gap.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, those skilled in the art will now describe the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, an 12/10 bearingless permanent magnet biased switched reluctance motor is composed of four stator cores 1 with suspended poles, four iron cores 2 with torque poles, eight biased permanent magnets 3, four permanent magnets 4 with torque poles, a rotor core 5, a shaft 6, four coils 7 with suspended poles and eight coils 8 with torque poles. The suspension pole iron core 1 is placed along the directions of + x, -x, + y, -y, and is wound with a suspension force winding coil 8; the torque pole cores 2 are evenly distributed on the circumference, and each torque pole core 2 is provided with two teeth, and is wound with a torque pole winding coil 8. Eight offset permanent magnets 3 are respectively located between the yoke portions of the floating pole core 1 and the torque pole core 2. The torque permanent magnet 4 is embedded in the teeth of the torque pole iron core, the offset permanent magnet 3 is of a hexahedral structure, one surface of the hexahedral structure is an arched surface, the other five surfaces of the hexahedral structure are planes, and two side surfaces of the hexahedral structure are connected with the side surfaces of the suspension pole iron core 1 and the torque pole iron core 2. The torque permanent magnet 4 is a cuboid and is embedded between two teeth of the torque pole iron core 2, a second air gap 9 is reserved between the suspension pole iron core and the torque pole iron core, and a suspension pole winding coil 7 is wound on the suspension pole iron core 1. The rotor core 5 is located inside the suspension pole core 1 and the torque pole core 2, and as shown in fig. 2, the structure of the rotor core 5 is a salient pole structure of ten magnetic pole teeth. Inside the rotor core 5 is a shaft 6, wherein the shaft 6 has to have good magnetic permeability to provide a magnetic flux path for levitation force. A first air gap 10 exists between the floating pole core 1, the torque pole core 2, and the rotor core 5.
Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of 12/10 bearingless permanent magnet bias switch reluctance machine with a suspension pole iron core 1 and a torque pole iron core 2, wherein the suspension pole iron core 1 has a group of teeth a1 and a2, and a group of teeth B1 and B2, and each group is connected with a group of coils in series. The central angle of the arc corresponding to the floating pole core tooth a1 and the torque pole core tooth T1 is 27 °, the central angle of the arc corresponding to the torque pole core tooth T1 and the torque pole core tooth T2 is 36 °, and the central angle of the arc corresponding to the torque pole core tooth T2 and the floating pole core tooth B1 is 27 °, as shown in fig. 3.
Fig. 4 is a magnetic flux path diagram of 12/10 bearingless permanent magnet bias switch reluctance machine when working, two bias permanent magnets 3 connected with each torque pole iron core 2 are in a group, a magnetic circuit starts from the N pole of one bias permanent magnet and passes through the floating pole iron core 1 close to the N pole of the bias permanent magnet, the first air gap 10, the rotor iron core 5 and the shaft, and returns to the S pole of the bias permanent magnet after passing through the floating pole iron core close to the S pole of the other bias permanent magnet, and then starts from the N pole of the bias permanent magnet and returns to the S pole of the previous bias permanent magnet to form a 1/4 circle closed loop, so as to provide a permanent magnet bias magnetic field.
Fig. 5 is a flux path diagram of 12/10 when a floating pole iron core 1 in a bearingless permanent magnet bias switched reluctance motor works, an equivalent magnetic field is formed after the floating pole iron core 1 in which two floating pole winding coils 7 are connected in series is electrified, wherein a magnetic circuit starts from the floating pole iron core 1 equivalent to an N pole, passes through a first air gap 10, a rotor iron core 5, a shaft 6 and the floating pole iron core 1 equivalent to an S pole, and forms a 1/2 closed circular magnetic field after passing through a yoke part of the floating pole iron core 1 and a second air gap 9. The suspension pole iron core 1 and the torque pole iron core 2 are all formed by punching and then stacking silicon steel sheets with good magnetic conductivity.
Fig. 6 is a flux path diagram of 12/10 bearingless permanent magnet bias switch reluctance motor in which the torque permanent magnets 4 are not energized in the torque pole winding coil 8, and each torque permanent magnet 4 starts from the N pole, passes through the teeth of the torque pole iron core 2 close to the N pole, the yoke part of the torque pole iron core 2, the teeth of the torque pole iron core 2 close to the S pole, and returns to the S pole of the torque permanent magnet 4 to form a closed loop of 1/4 circles.
Fig. 7 is a flux path diagram of a torque winding coil 8 in an 12/10 bearingless permanent magnet bias switched reluctance motor, wherein torque winding coils 8 of T1, T2, T1 ', T2' of a torque pole core 2 are connected in series, torque winding coils 8 of T3, T4, T3 ', T4' are connected in series, and the two groups of coils are sequentially and circularly electrified, in the figure, the torque winding coils 8 of T1, T2, T1 ', T2' are electrified to form a flux path diagram, after the coils are electrified, the torque pole core 2 forms an equivalent magnetic field, and as shown in fig. 7, the magnetic path starts from a torque pole core 2 tooth equivalent to an N pole, passes through a first air gap 10, and the rotor core 5 returns to an adjacent torque pole core 2 tooth equivalent to an S pole, and then forms a closed loop through a torque pole core 2 yoke.
Fig. 8 is a magnetic flux path diagram of a torque permanent magnet 4 and a torque pole winding coil 8 when a torque pole group coil 8 in an 12/10 bearingless permanent magnet bias switch reluctance motor is electrified, a magnetic flux path generated by the torque pole winding coil 8 is the same as that in fig. 7, a magnetic path of the torque permanent magnet 4 starts from an N pole, passes through a torque pole iron core 2 tooth close to the N pole, a first air gap 10, a rotor 5, and a torque pole iron core 2 tooth close to an S pole, and returns to the S pole of the torque permanent magnet 4 to form a 1/4 circle closed loop, so that a magnetic field of the torque pole is increased, and the torque is improved.
The shaft 6 used in the above technical scheme is made of materials with good magnetic permeability, such as electrician pure iron, 40Cr, various carbon steels and the like. The rotor core 5 may be formed by punching and laminating magnetic materials such as electrical steel sheets with good magnetic permeability, e.g., electrical pure iron, electrical silicon steel sheets DR510, DR470, DW350, 1J50, and 1J 79. The pole arc of the teeth of the suspension pole iron core 1 is equal to the pole pitch of the rotor iron core 5. The suspension pole iron core 1 and the torque pole iron core 2 are made of materials with good magnetic conductivity, such as electrician pure iron, 40Cr and silicon steel. The bias permanent magnet 3 is made of a rare earth permanent magnet or a ferrite permanent magnet with good magnetic property and has a hexahedral structure, one surface is an arched surface, the other five surfaces are planes, and the magnetizing direction is the direction of the perpendicular line of the straight lines at the two ends of the arc surface of the bias permanent magnet. The torque permanent magnet 4 is a cuboid, and the magnetizing direction is the perpendicular direction of the straight lines at the two ends of the surface of the torque permanent magnet embedded torque pole iron core 2. The suspension pole winding coil 7 and the torque pole winding coil 8 can be formed by winding electromagnetic wires with good electric conduction and then dipping in paint and drying. The levitation pole winding coil 7 and the torque pole winding coil 8 are preferably integrated.
The 12/10 structure bearingless permanent magnet bias switch reluctance motor solves the coupling of a suspension pole and a torque pole through the bias permanent magnet and the air gap, increases electromagnetic torque through the torque permanent magnet, and improves torque density.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. An 12/10 bearingless permanent magnet bias switch reluctance motor is characterized in that: the permanent magnet motor is characterized by comprising four suspension pole iron cores (1), four torque pole iron cores (2), eight bias permanent magnets (3), four torque permanent magnets (4), a rotor iron core (5), a shaft (6), four suspension pole winding coils (7) and eight torque pole winding coils (8), wherein the bias permanent magnets (3) are embedded between the suspension pole iron cores (1) and the torque pole iron cores (2), the torque permanent magnets (4) are embedded on teeth of the torque pole iron cores, the bias permanent magnets (3) are of hexahedral structures, one surface is an arched surface, the other five surfaces are planes, two side surfaces are connected with the side surfaces of the suspension pole iron cores (1) and the torque pole iron cores (2), and each torque pole iron core (2) is provided with two teeth; the torque permanent magnet (4) is a cuboid and is embedded between two teeth of the torque pole iron core (2), a second air gap (9) is reserved between the suspension pole iron core and the torque pole iron core, a suspension pole winding coil (7) is wound on the suspension pole iron core (1), and a torque pole winding coil (8) is wound on each tooth of the torque pole iron core (2); the central angle of an arc between the tooth of each suspension pole iron core (1) and the tooth of the adjacent torque pole iron core (2) is 27 degrees, and the central angle of an arc between two teeth of each torque pole iron core (2) is 36 degrees; the rotor iron core (5) is arranged inside the suspension pole iron core (1) and the torque pole iron core (2), and the shaft (6) is arranged inside the rotor iron core (5); a first air gap (10) exists among the suspension pole iron core (1), the torque pole iron core (2) and the rotor iron core (5).
2. 12/10 Bearingless permanent magnet biased switched reluctance machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, the suspension pole iron core (1) and the torque pole iron core (2) are made of material with good magnetic conductivity.
3. 12/10 Bearingless permanent magnet biased switched reluctance machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the floating pole winding coil (7) and the torque pole winding coil (8) are centralized.
4. 12/10 Bearingless permanent magnet biased switched reluctance machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the pole arc of the teeth of the floating pole core (1) is equal to the pole pitch of the rotor core (5).
5. 12/10 Bearingless permanent magnet biased switched reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein the magnetizing direction of the biased permanent magnet (3) is perpendicular to the straight lines at both ends of the arc surface of the permanent magnet.
6. 12/10 Bearingless permanent magnet biased switched reluctance machine according to claim 1, wherein the magnetizing direction of the torque permanent magnet (4) is perpendicular to both sides of the permanent magnet embedded in the torque pole iron core (2).
7. 12/10 Bearingless permanent magnet biased switched reluctance machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the shaft (6) is made of a material with good magnetic permeability.
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| CN201811064460.5A CN109217594B (en) | 2018-09-12 | 2018-09-12 | 12/10 bearingless permanent magnet bias switched reluctance motor |
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| CN201811064460.5A CN109217594B (en) | 2018-09-12 | 2018-09-12 | 12/10 bearingless permanent magnet bias switched reluctance motor |
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| CN109217594B true CN109217594B (en) | 2020-05-22 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010137766A1 (en) * | 2009-05-28 | 2010-12-02 | Kyungsung University Industry Cooperation Foundation | Hybrid pole bearingless srm |
| CN106981966A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-07-25 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of permanent magnet bias bearing-free switch magnetic-resistance starting/generator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105226894A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-01-06 | 赵明珍 | U-shaped stator permanent magnet switched reluctance machines |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2010137766A1 (en) * | 2009-05-28 | 2010-12-02 | Kyungsung University Industry Cooperation Foundation | Hybrid pole bearingless srm |
| CN106981966A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-07-25 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of permanent magnet bias bearing-free switch magnetic-resistance starting/generator |
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