CN109217388A - 一种小水电站输出电压监测调控系统及监测调控方法 - Google Patents

一种小水电站输出电压监测调控系统及监测调控方法 Download PDF

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CN109217388A
CN109217388A CN201811356140.7A CN201811356140A CN109217388A CN 109217388 A CN109217388 A CN 109217388A CN 201811356140 A CN201811356140 A CN 201811356140A CN 109217388 A CN109217388 A CN 109217388A
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voltage
module
substation
small hydropower
monitoring
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陈凡
庄海峰
吴小佳
王健铎
姚永民
胡岳峰
叶劭阳
赵佳伟
李超
张坚
方冬旭
陈静
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Shexian Power Supply Co of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
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Shexian Power Supply Co of State Grid Anhui Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/50Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00019Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using optical means
    • H02J13/0075
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/70Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04SSYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/12Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04SSYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/16Electric power substations
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04SSYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
    • Y04S40/124Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04SSYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S40/00Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
    • Y04S40/12Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
    • Y04S40/126Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wireless data transmission

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种小水电站输出电压监测调控系统,包括变电站、小水电站和调度室,还包括:电压调控模块,安装在小水电站水轮机组的智能励磁控制装置,通信模块,将电压调控模块采集到的电流、电压、有功、无功参数传送至调度室;将变电站的三相电压参数传送至调度室;监控模块,设置在调度室内,包括网络服务器、主机和客户端计算机,网络服务器将收集的电压调控模块参数信息和变电站的电压参数信息存储,并通过主机和客户端计算机显示。本发明可在减少投入成本的情况下,实时调控水电站电压,调节无功功率进行,减少发电机对电网的无功需求。

Description

一种小水电站输出电压监测调控系统及监测调控方法
技术领域
本发明属于发电设备领域,具体涉及一种小水电站输出电压监测调控系统及监测调控方法。
背景技术
我国境内有许多小水电站受距离及季节影响,发电质量参差不齐。在枯水期,水电站产生的有功功率下降,为满足电能输送的要求,不得不提高无功功率来提升电网输出电压。无功含量的增加进一步抬高了电网电压,危及电网的安全和用户电气设备的安全。丰水期,水电站为了实现自身利益最大化,最大功率向电网输电,抬高了发电机机端输出电压。小水电的无序并网发电导致有水电站入网的变电站电压合格率达不到《电能质量·供电电压偏差》规定的要求,为降低电网电压的波动,保证电网及用电设备的安全,同时满足水电站利益最大化的要求,需要对其进行有效的监测调控。
发明内容
为克服上述问题,本发明提供一种小水电站输出电压监测调控系统和监测调控方法,可在减少投入成本的情况下,实时调控水电站电压,调节无功功率进行,减少发电机对电网的无功需求。
一种小水电站输出电压监测调控系统,包括变电站、小水电站和调度室,其特征在于,还包括:
电压调控模块,安装在小水电站水轮机组的智能励磁控制装置,采集水电站内发电机组的电流、电压、有功、无功参数,接收调度室的调节指令,对励磁调节器进行操作,调节水电站输出电压;
通信模块,将电压调控模块采集到的电流、电压、有功、无功参数传送至调度室;将变电站的三相电压参数传送至调度室;
监控模块,设置在调度室内,包括网络服务器、主机和客户端计算机,网络服务器将收集的电压调控模块参数信息和变电站的电压参数信息存储,并通过主机和客户端计算机显示。
进一步,所述的通信模块选择GPRS通信、微信通信和光纤通信中的一种。
进一步,所述的变电站内设置电压监测仪,并将监测信息传送至网络服务器。
一种小水电站输出电压监测调控方法,方法如下:
监控模块实时监测水电站机端电压UA1、UB1、UC1和变电站采集到的变电站UA、UB、UC三相电压;
若UA1、UB1、UC1偏离预先设定的正常值,通过监控模块向电压调控模块发送增加励磁电流、减少励磁电流指令,来调节励磁调节器,从而调整发电机出口电压UA1、UB1、UC1;同时对水电站水轮机组的无功功率进行调节,使发电机所发无功功率达到一个正常值,减少发电机对电网的无功需求。
本发明专利实现电压治理,可将小水电站的母线电压降低到38.5kV以下,改善璜田变电能质量低问题。既不影响居民用电问题,又能保证水电站产能。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的系统连接框图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例,对本发明做进一步说明。
歙县境内35千伏变电站18座,公用变14座,主变28台,总容量172.6兆瓦,用户变4座,主变4台,总容量24兆瓦。辖区内还有三座35千伏并网水电站,装机容量18.8兆瓦,10千伏并网小水电站20座,装机容量12.41兆瓦。
通过对歙县境内14座变电站进行历史数据进行查询,发现35kV璜田变电站母线电压比其他各站电压高发现璜田变电站35kV母线电压达不到《电能质量·供电电压偏差》规定的35kV电压合格率要求。通过对璜田变电站进行调查,发现其下属南源水电站,因采用35千伏上网。在丰水期,璜田变电站35千伏母线电压达39千伏,超过上限电压,引起35千伏母线电压不合格。但是如果水电站输出电压低于35kV值时,产生的电能将无法输送出去。由于设备老化,自身调节能力灵敏度差,为实现自身利益最大化,水电站会将发电机输出电压抬高。但是抬高输出电压,相应的电网电压将会升高,会对用电设备产生威胁。
本发明选取璜田变电站为实施例,由于歙县境内有小水电并网发电的变电站很多,多数存在电压质量不合格的现象,后期将对其他水电站进行推广。
我们知道,E0=4.44wfφ,由于发电机端电压U与E0成正比,且二者数值比较接近。由公式可知当w、f一定时,E0与φ成正比;要改变E0,只有改变φ。而φ是由励磁电流IF产生,所以当IF变动时,发电机端电压也相应改变(其中式中w为发电机绕组匝数,f为发电机频率;φ为发电机磁通)。因此调节励磁电流可以达到控制电压的目的。
实施例1
如图1所示,本实施例中,在璜田变电站安装电压监测仪,实时监测变电站的三相电压。在南源水电站,设置智能励磁控制装置,即励磁控制器,与直流励磁机连接,通过励磁控制器控制直流励磁机的工作,控制器安装在水电站,一方面采集水电站内电流,电压,有功,无功等参数,并将这些参数打包发送到县调度中心,以便供电公司随时了解水电站运行情况;另一方面,接收县供电公司的调节指令,对水电站站内励磁调节器进行操作,调节水电站输出电压,达到稳定电网电压的目的。璜田变电站采集到的电压信息和南源水电站采集到的电压信息通过光纤传输至县调度中心调度室内的网络服务器中,再通过主机和客户端计算机实时显示。当发现变电站输出的电压过高时,发送调节命令给水电站内的控制器,由控制器操作励磁调节器进行调节。整个过程不需要水电站内工作人员的参与,实现了完全由供电公司监控的目的。
本实施例中,歙县璜田变电站电压质量监测控制系统后台机,需实时监测璜田变电站的系统电压,通过采集南源水电站内励磁调节器采集到的水轮机组的相关参数。当璜田变电站的系统电压超过预定值之后,调节水电站两台水轮机组的无功值,调节水轮机组的机端出口电压,达到调节控制变电站系统电压的目的。变电站电压监测仪采集璜田变电站内母线三相电压有效值UA、UB、UC,电压监测仪与主控室网络服务器之间为光纤网络连接,采集到的电压有效值数据上传到电压在线监控自动调节主站装置的数据库。励磁调节器连接南源水电站内水轮发电机组,负责采集水轮发电机组机端电压、电流、励磁电流等发电机参数,通过控制发电机励磁电流来调控发电机的机端电压。采集到的相关参数通过光纤上传到电压在线监控自动调节主站装置。正常工作时,电压在线监控自动调节主站装置的主机后台程序负责收集变电站电压监测仪和水电站励磁调节器采集到的相关参数,实现实时在线监控,并通过数据计算实现自动调节功能,通过网页将监控数据展示出来。
本发明及本实施例中选用UT-5518作为本次加装的电压控制模块。
下面结合表格、数据对本发明实施例进行说明。
表一
表二
表一为2012、2013年度每月璜田变35kV母线最高电压。
表二为实施本发明改造后2014年度璜田变35kV母线电压(其中,4月之后为改造后的数据)
从表一和表二对比可以看出,采用发明监测调控系统后,璜田变电站母线电压全部在38.5kV以下,电压稳定,符合供电要求。
本发明监控系统的研制,成本为12000元。每年因水电站电压过高造成居民电器烧毁及变电站绝缘设备的提高花费的费用共计215*150+15000=47250元。(其中:215为璜田地区每年因电器烧毁的户数;150为每年每户因电器烧毁产生的费用;15000为变电站绝缘设备的提高的费用)除去制作成本,第一年共节约成本47250-12000=35250元。以后每年可节约215*150=32250元。经济效益下分显著,如进行推广,可节约大量成本。
本发明进行推广后,季节性用电瓶颈得到有效抑制,保证了水电站的发电效益,农村供电可靠率、电压合格率得到保证。
所有上述的首要实施这一知识产权,并没有设定限制其他形式的实施这种新产品和/或新方法。本领域技术人员将利用这一重要信息,上述内容修改,以实现类似的执行情况。但是,所有修改或改造基于本发明新产品属于保留的权利。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非是对本发明作其它形式的限制,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更或改型为等同变化的等效实施例。但是凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与改型,仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。

Claims (4)

1.一种小水电站输出电压监测调控系统,包括变电站、小水电站和调度室,其特征在于,还包括:
电压调控模块,安装在小水电站水轮机组的智能励磁控制装置,采集水电站内的电流、电压、有功、无功参数,接收调度室的调节指令,对励磁调节器进行操作,调节水电站输出电压;
通信模块,将电压调控模块采集到的电流、电压、有功、无功参数传送至调度室;将变电站的三相电压参数传送至调度室;
监控模块,设置在调度室内,包括网络服务器、主机和客户端计算机,网络服务器将收集的电压调控模块参数信息和变电站的电压参数信息存储,并通过主机和客户端计算机显示。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种小水电站输出电压监测调控系统,其特征在于,所述的通信模块选择GPRS通信、微信通信和光纤通信中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种小水电站输出电压监测调控系统,其特征在于,所述的变电站内设置电压监测仪,并将监测信息传送至网络服务器。
4.一种小水电站输出电压监测调控方法,其特征在于,方法如下:
监控模块实时监测水电站机端电压UA1、UB1、UC1和变电站采集到的变电站UA、UB、UC三相电压;
若UA1、UB1、UC1偏离预先设定的正常值,通过监控模块向电压调控模块发送增加励磁电流、减少励磁电流指令,来调节励磁调节器,从而调整发电机出口电压UA1、UB1、UC1;同时对水电站水轮机组的无功功率进行调节,使发电机所发无功功率达到一个正常值。
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CN104795890A (zh) * 2015-02-13 2015-07-22 国家电网公司 一种小水电集群优化调控系统
CN205265264U (zh) * 2015-07-10 2016-05-25 合肥科鼎电气有限公司 一种水电站并网发电电压在线监测自动调节系统

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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