CN109216763A - A kind of phosphate-based electrolyte of non-water system high security high concentration metal salt - Google Patents
A kind of phosphate-based electrolyte of non-water system high security high concentration metal salt Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses providing a kind of non-water system high security high concentration metal salt phosphate-based electrolyte, including metal salt, phosphate.The electrolyte is by the metal salt of addition high concentration, and when being applied to lithium ion battery, compared with conventional electrolysis matter, the electrolyte of the high concentration has shown that the reducing/oxidizing tolerance of enhancing, with the good chemical compatibility of electrode and the incombustibility of height.The metal salt of present invention application high concentration has the function of widening electrolyte electrochemical window as solute；Inorganic SEI film derived from solute is generated on cathode, compares organic and inorganic SEI film derived from usual solvents, and inorganic SEI film has superior cyclical stability；It is compared with common carbonic ester electrolyte, high concentration metal salt electrolyte has good compatibility with graphite cathode.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to battery industry fields, and in particular to a kind of phosphate-based electrolyte of high concentration metal salt.
Background technique
Lithium ion battery have energy density is high, operating voltage is high, have extended cycle life, memory-less effect, can quick charge and discharge
The advantages that electric, is widely used to portable electronic product such as mobile phone, laptop and Miniature Power Unit driving equipment
Power supply.Currently, the electrolyte of lithium ion battery is mostly liquid organic electrolyte, it is made of organic solvent and electric conducting lithium salt.Often
Organic solvent is carbonats compound, such as ethylene carbonate (EC), diethyl carbonate (DEC) and methyl ethyl carbonate
(EMC) etc..But since these organic solvents have lower flash-point, higher volatility and highly flammable feature, cause
There are serious security risks for lithium ion battery.
For this phenomenon, people are used as ionic liquid, fluoro-ether, organo-silicon compound and phosphorus flame retardant etc. can not
Combustion solvent has carried out a large amount of research.Especially low molecular weight chain trimethyl phosphate (TMP), methyl-phosphoric acid dimethyl ester
(DMMP), triethyl phosphate (TEP) etc..Phosphate is as electrolyte solvent because it has similar physics and change with carbonic ester
Learn performance, and the incombustibility with height.But organophosphorus ester lithium ion battery application in, with graphite cathode
With poor compatibility, it is difficult to generate SEI film.Therefore, organophosphorus ester is only introduced as fire retardant in the electrolyte, difficult
The flammable requirement of electrolyte is reduced to be fully achieved.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the disadvantage that the above prior art and shortcoming, the primary purpose of the present invention is that providing a kind of highly concentrated
Spend application of the phosphate-based electrolyte of metal salt on lithium ion battery.The electrolyte passes through the metal salt of addition high concentration,
When being applied to lithium ion battery, compared with conventional electrolysis matter, the electrolyte of the high concentration has shown that the reducing/oxidizing of enhancing
Tolerance, with the good chemical compatibility of electrode and the incombustibility of height.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of phosphate-based electrolyte of high concentration metal salt, comprising: phosphate, lithium salts, sodium salt or sylvite, the phosphate
Structural formula it is as follows:
Wherein, R1、R2And R3Respectively indicating the alkyl, carbon atom number that carbon atom number is 1~10 is 1~10 containing fluoroalkyl
Or the alkyl containing chlorine that carbon atom number is 1~10.
In some embodiments, the phosphate is trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate (TEP), dimethyl methyl phosphonate
(DMMP), three (2,2,2- trifluoroethyl) phosphates (TFP), two (2,2,2- trifluoroethyl) methyl phosphorodithioates (BMP), (2,2,
2- trifluoroethyl) diethylphosphate (TDP), three (2- chloroethyl) phosphates (TCPP), 3- tri- (two chloropropyls) phosphate (TD
(3PP), three (2- chloroethyl) phosphates (TCEP).
In some embodiments, the lithium salts is lithium hexafluoro phosphate (LiPF6), it is bis- (fluorine sulphonyl) imine lithiums (LiFSI), double
(fluoroform sulphonyl) imine lithium (LiTFSI), LiBF4 (LiBF4), dioxalic acid lithium borate (LiBOB), difluoro oxalate boron
Sour lithium (LiDFOB), trifluoromethyl sulfonic acid lithium (LiSO3CF3), lithium perchlorate (LiClO4), hexafluoroarsenate lithium (LiAsF6) or it is double
Lithium trifluoromethanesulp,onylimide (Li (CF3SO2)2At least one of N).
In some embodiments, the sodium salt is sodium hexafluoro phosphate (NaPF6), trifluoromethayl sulfonic acid sodium (NaSO3CF3), it is double
(fluorine sulphonyl) imines sodium (NaFSI), bis- (fluoroform sulphonyl) imines sodium (NaTFSI), sodium tetrafluoroborate (NaBF4), dioxalic acid
Boratex (NaBOB), sodium perchlorate (NaClO4), hexafluoroarsenate sodium (NaAsF6), bis trifluoromethyl sulfimide sodium (Na
(CF3SO2)2At least one of N).
In some embodiments, the sylvite is Potassium Hexafluorophosphate (KPF6), it is bis- (fluorine sulphonyl) imines potassium (KFSI), double
(fluoroform sulphonyl) imines potassium (KTFSI), trifluoromethane sulfonic acid potassium (KSO3CF3), potassium hyperchlorate (KClO4), potassium hexafluoroarsenate
(KAsF6) or bis trifluoromethyl sulfimide potassium (K (CF3SO2)2At least one of N).
In some embodiments, the total concentration of the lithium salts, sodium salt and sylvite in phosphate ester solvent is 0.8~20mol/
L。
In further embodiments, the total concentration of the lithium salts, sodium salt or sylvite in phosphate ester solvent is 0.8~5,5
~10,10~15, at least one of 15~20mol/L.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of phosphate-based electrolyte of high concentration metal salt, comprising:
Phosphate is purified, impurity and water are removed；
Under nitrogen protection, lithium salts, sodium salt or sylvite is added to the phosphate of above-mentioned purifying；It is uniformly mixed to get electrolysis
Liquor；
The structural formula of the phosphate is as follows:
In some embodiments, the purification process are as follows: distillation and addition molecular sieve, calcium hydride, active carbon, dry oxidation
Calcium, lithium hydride, calcium chloride, phosphorus pentoxide, alkali metal, in alkaline-earth metal any one, two kinds phosphate is handled.
The present invention also provides a kind of lithium ion battery, electrolyte is any electrolyte.
The present invention also provides above-mentioned lithium ion battery prepare mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop, flashlight,
Digital camera, digital camcorder, LED glare light electric torch, laser flashlight, outdoor lighting torch, engineering illuminating lamp tool, mine lamp,
Emergency light, electronic toy, game machine, telecontrolled aircraft, electric tool, wireless household small electric appliance, electric bicycle, Comfortable electric
Application in vehicle, Portable audio number, instrument balance car, electric bicycle or electric car.
Beneficial effects of the present invention
(1) present invention uses organophosphorus ester as the solvent of ion electrolyte, such solvent, which removes, to be had and carbonic ester phase
As physics and chemical property, if operating temperature range is wide, Li salt dissolubility is good, and viscosity is low, and electrochemical properties are stablized outer, also has
There is the advantages of incombustibility, substantially increases the safety of electrolyte；
(2) present invention has the function of widening electrolyte electrochemical window using the metal salt of high concentration as solute；?
Inorganic SEI film derived from solute is generated on cathode, compares organic and inorganic SEI film derived from usual solvents, and inorganic SEI film has
Superior cyclical stability；It is compared with common carbonic ester electrolyte, high concentration metal salt electrolyte has with graphite cathode
Good compatibility.
(3) preparation method of the invention and required equipment are simple, easy to operate, and technological parameter is convenient for control, raw material and instrument
Equipment use cost is low etc..
Detailed description of the invention
The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows
Meaning property embodiment and its explanation are not constituted an undue limitation on the present application for explaining the application.
Fig. 1 is spherical graphite the following in the TMP electrolyte of 2.2mol/L KFSI prepared according to the method for embodiment 1
Ring figure；
Fig. 2 is the spherical graphite first lap charging and discharging curve figure of embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings of understanding.
A kind of phosphate-based electrolyte of high concentration metal salt, the electrolyte include metal salt, phosphate, the phosphoric acid
Ester has structural formula shown in formula I:
Preferably, R in formula1、R2And R3Respectively indicate the alkyl or fluorine-containing and chlorine alkyl of carbon atom number 1~10.
Preferably, the conductive metal salt includes lithium salts, sodium salt and sylvite.
Preferably, the metal salt salt includes lithium hexafluoro phosphate (LiPF6), it is bis- (fluorine sulphonyl) imine lithiums (LiFSI), double
(fluoroform sulphonyl) imine lithium (LiTFSI), LiBF4 (LiBF4), dioxalic acid lithium borate (LiBOB), difluoro oxalate boron
Sour lithium (LiDFOB), trifluoromethyl sulfonic acid lithium (LiSO3CF3), lithium perchlorate (LiClO4), hexafluoroarsenate lithium (LiAsF6), double three
Methyl fluoride sulfimide lithium (Li (CF3SO2)2N)；Sodium salt includes sodium hexafluoro phosphate (NaPF6), trifluoromethayl sulfonic acid sodium
(NaSO3CF3), bis- (fluorine sulphonyl) imines sodium (NaFSI), bis- (fluoroform sulphonyl) imines sodium (NaTFSI), sodium tetrafluoroborate
(NaBF4), dioxalic acid Boratex (NaBOB), sodium perchlorate (NaClO4), hexafluoroarsenate sodium (NaAsF6), bis trifluoromethyl sulphonyl
Imines sodium (Na (CF3SO2)2N)；Sylvite includes Potassium Hexafluorophosphate (KPF6), bis- (fluorine sulphonyl) imines potassium (KFSI), bis- (fluoroforms
Alkane sulphonyl) imines potassium (KTFSI), trifluoromethane sulfonic acid potassium (KSO3CF3), potassium hyperchlorate (KClO4), potassium hexafluoroarsenate
(KAsF6), bis trifluoromethyl sulfimide potassium (K (CF3SO2)2N)。
Preferably, concentration of the conductive metal salt in phosphate ester solvent is 0.8~20mol/L；
The preparation method of above-mentioned high concentration phosphorus perester radical electrolyte, includes the following steps:
(1) water is removed into organic solvent purifying removal of impurities；
(2) in the glove box of argon gas protection, electric conducting lithium salt is added in the solvent in above-mentioned (1)；
(3) in the glove box of argon gas protection, stirring a period of time, the electrolyte is obtained.
Clarification in step (1) goes water can be by distillation and molecular sieve, calcium hydride, active carbon, anhydrous calcium oxide, hydrogen
Change lithium, calcium chloride, phosphorus pentoxide, in alkali or alkaline earth metal any one or two or more handled.
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, and implementation is raw materials used to be all made of the commercially available pure examination of analysis
Agent.
Embodiment 1
(1) the first distillation purifying of trimethyl phosphate (TMP) is cleaned, then is removed water with lithium hydride；
(2) in the glove box that argon gas is protected, will be bis- (fluorine sulphonyl) imines potassium (KFSI) TMP in above-mentioned (1) is added
In, make ultimate density 2.2mol/L to get the phosphate-based electrolyte of high concentration safety is arrived；
(3) electrochemical property test
Cathode: using spherical graphite as active material, SP is that conductive agent CMC is binder, is sized mixing by the mass ratio of 8:1:1,
It is applied on copper foil and is made into electrode slice.Potassium piece, diaphragm and spherical graphite pole piece are assembled into button cell to test, current density
For 60mA g-1。
Embodiment 2
(1) trimethyl phosphate (TMP) is first subjected to distillation purifying removal of impurities, add 4A molecule weed out moisture in solvent and
Impurity alcohols；
(2) in the glove box of argon gas protection, by lithium hexafluoro phosphate (LiPF6) be added in the TMP in above-mentioned (1), make most
Final concentration of 2.2mol/L obtains the phosphate-based electrolyte of high concentration safety；
(3) electrochemical property test
Cathode: using spherical graphite as active material, SP is that conductive agent CMC is binder, is sized mixing by the mass ratio of 8:1:1,
It is applied on copper foil and is made into electrode slice.Lithium piece, diaphragm and spherical graphite pole piece are assembled into button cell to test, current density
For 60mA g-1。
Embodiment 3
(1) the first distillation purifying of trimethyl phosphate (TMP) is cleaned, then is removed water with lithium hydride；
(2) in the glove box that argon gas is protected, will be bis- (fluorine sulphonyl) imines potassium (KFSI) TMP in above-mentioned (1) is added
In, make ultimate density 3.3mol/L to get the phosphate-based electrolyte of high concentration safety is arrived；
(3) electrochemical property test
Cathode: using spherical graphite as active material, SP is that conductive agent CMC is binder, is sized mixing by the mass ratio of 8:1:1,
It is applied on copper foil and is made into electrode slice.Potassium piece, diaphragm and spherical graphite pole piece are assembled into button cell to test, current density
For 60mA g-1。
Embodiment 4
(1) the first distillation purifying of triethyl phosphate (TEP) is cleaned, then is removed water with anhydrous calcium oxide and 4A molecular sieve；
(2) in the glove box that argon gas is protected, will be bis- (fluorine sulphonyl) imine lithium (LiFSI) TEP in above-mentioned (1) is added
In, make ultimate density 4mol/L to get the phosphate-based electrolyte of high concentration safety is arrived；
(3) electrochemical property test
Cathode: using spherical graphite as active material, SP is that conductive agent CMC is binder, is sized mixing by the mass ratio of 8:1:1,
It is applied on copper foil and is made into electrode slice.Lithium piece, diaphragm and spherical graphite pole piece are assembled into button cell to test, current density
For 60mA g-1。
Embodiment 5
(1) the first distillation purifying of dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) is cleaned, then is removed water with calcium hydride, active carbon；
(2) in the glove box that argon gas is protected, by sodium hexafluoro phosphate (NaAsF6) be added in the DMMP in above-mentioned (1),
Make ultimate density 6mol/L, that is, obtains the phosphate-based electrolyte of high concentration safety；
(3) electrochemical property test
Cathode: using spherical graphite as active material, SP is that conductive agent CMC is binder, is sized mixing by the mass ratio of 8:1:1,
It is applied on copper foil and is made into electrode slice.Sodium piece, diaphragm and spherical graphite pole piece are assembled into button cell to test, current density
For 60mA g-1。
Embodiment 6
(1) the first distillation purifying of trimethyl phosphate (TMP) is cleaned, then is removed water with phosphorus pentoxide, active carbon；
(2) in the glove box that argon gas is protected, will be bis- (fluorine sulphonyl) imine lithium (LiFSI) be added in above-mentioned (1)
In DMMP, make ultimate density 8mol/L to get the phosphate-based electrolyte of high concentration safety is arrived；
(3) electrochemical property test
Cathode: using spherical graphite as active material, SP is that conductive agent CMC is binder, is sized mixing by the mass ratio of 8:1:1,
It is applied on copper foil and is made into electrode slice.
Embodiment 7
(1) the first distillation purifying of three (2- chloroethyl) phosphates (TCPP) is cleaned, then is removed water with 4A molecular sieve, active carbon；
(2) in the glove box that argon gas is protected, will be bis- (fluoroform sulphonyl) imine lithium (LiTFSI) above-mentioned (1) is added
In TCPP in, make ultimate density 10mol/L to get to the phosphate-based electrolyte of high concentration safety；
(3) electrochemical property test
Cathode: using spherical graphite as active material, SP is that conductive agent CMC is binder, is sized mixing by the mass ratio of 8:1:1,
It is applied on copper foil and is made into electrode slice.Lithium piece, diaphragm and spherical graphite pole piece are assembled into button cell to test, current density
For 60mA g-1。
Embodiment 8
(1) three (2,2,2- trifluoroethyl) phosphate TFP elder generation's distillation purifyings are cleaned, then is removed water with calcium hydride, active carbon；
(2) in the glove box that argon gas is protected, will be bis- (fluorine sulphonyl) imines potassium (KFSI) TCPP in above-mentioned (1) is added
In, make ultimate density 13mol/L to get the phosphate-based electrolyte of high concentration safety is arrived；
(3) electrochemical property test
Cathode: using spherical graphite as active material, SP is that conductive agent CMC is binder, is sized mixing by the mass ratio of 8:1:1,
It is applied on copper foil and is made into electrode slice.Potassium piece, diaphragm and spherical graphite pole piece are assembled into button cell to test, current density
For 60mAg-1。
Comparative example 1
(1) the first distillation purifying of trimethyl phosphate (TMP) is cleaned, then is removed water with 4A molecular sieve, active carbon；
(2) in the glove box that argon gas is protected, will be bis- (fluorine sulphonyl) imines potassium (KFSI) TMP in above-mentioned (1) is added
In, make ultimate density 0.5M/L to get phosphate-based electrolyte is arrived；
(3) electrochemical property test
Cathode: using spherical graphite as active material, SP is that conductive agent CMC is binder, is sized mixing by the mass ratio of 8:1:1,
It is applied on copper foil and is made into electrode slice.Potassium piece, diaphragm and spherical graphite pole piece are assembled into button cell to test, current density
For 60mA g-1。
Comparative example 2
(1) trimethyl phosphate (TMP) is first subjected to distillation purifying removal of impurities, add 4A molecule weed out moisture in solvent and
Impurity alcohols；
(2) in the glove box of argon gas protection, by lithium hexafluoro phosphate (LiPF6) be added in the TMP in above-mentioned (1), make most
Final concentration of 0.1M/L obtains phosphate-based electrolyte；
(3) electrochemical property test
Cathode: using spherical graphite as active material, SP is that conductive agent CMC is binder, is sized mixing by the mass ratio of 8:1:1,
It is applied on copper foil and is made into electrode slice.Lithium piece, diaphragm and spherical graphite pole piece are assembled into button cell to test, current density
For 60mA g-1。
Comparative example 3
(1) the first distillation purifying of triethyl phosphate (TEP) is cleaned, then is removed water with anhydrous calcium oxide and 4A molecular sieve；
(2) in the glove box that argon gas is protected, will be bis- (fluorine sulphonyl) imine lithium (LiFSI) TEP in above-mentioned (1) is added
In, make ultimate density 0.3M/L to get the phosphate-based electrolyte of high concentration safety is arrived；
(3) electrochemical property test
Cathode: using spherical graphite as active material, SP is that conductive agent CMC is binder, is sized mixing by the mass ratio of 8:1:1,
It is applied on copper foil and is made into electrode slice.Potassium piece, diaphragm and spherical graphite pole piece are assembled into button cell to test, current density
For 60mA g-1。
Comparative example 4
(1) the first distillation purifying of dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) is cleaned, then is removed water with calcium hydride, active carbon；
(2) in the glove box that argon gas is protected, by sodium hexafluoro phosphate (NaAsF6) be added in the DMMP in above-mentioned (1),
Make ultimate density 0.2M/L, that is, obtains the phosphate-based electrolyte of high concentration safety；
(3) electrochemical property test
Cathode: using spherical graphite as active material, SP is that conductive agent CMC is binder, is sized mixing by the mass ratio of 8:1:1,
It is applied on copper foil and is made into electrode slice.Sodium piece, diaphragm and spherical graphite pole piece are assembled into button cell to test, current density
For 60mA g-1。
Comparative example 5
(1) the first distillation purifying of trimethyl phosphate (TMP) is cleaned, then is removed water with phosphorus pentoxide, active carbon；
(2) in the glove box that argon gas is protected, will be bis- (fluorine sulphonyl) imine lithium (LiFSI) be added in above-mentioned (1)
In DMMP, make ultimate density 0.6M/L to get the phosphate-based electrolyte of high concentration safety is arrived；
(3) electrochemical property test
Cathode: using spherical graphite as active material, SP is that conductive agent CMC is binder, is sized mixing by the mass ratio of 8:1:1,
It is applied on copper foil and is made into electrode slice.
Comparative example 6
(1) the first distillation purifying of three (2- chloroethyl) phosphates (TCPP) is cleaned, then is removed water with 4A molecular sieve, active carbon；
(2) in the glove box that argon gas is protected, will be bis- (fluoroform sulphonyl) imine lithium (LiTFSI) above-mentioned (1) is added
In TCPP in, make ultimate density 0.2mol/L to get to the phosphate-based electrolyte of high concentration safety；
(3) electrochemical property test
Cathode: using spherical graphite as active material, SP is that conductive agent CMC is binder, is sized mixing by the mass ratio of 8:1:1,
It is applied on copper foil and is made into electrode slice.Lithium piece, diaphragm and spherical graphite pole piece are assembled into button cell to test, current density
For 60mA g-1。
Comparative example 7
(1) three (2,2,2- trifluoroethyl) phosphate TFP elder generation's distillation purifyings are cleaned, then is removed water with calcium hydride, active carbon；
(2) in the glove box that argon gas is protected, will be bis- (fluorine sulphonyl) imines potassium (KFSI) TCPP in above-mentioned (1) is added
In, make ultimate density 0.7mol/L to get the phosphate-based electrolyte of high concentration safety is arrived；
(3) electrochemical property test
Cathode: using spherical graphite as active material, SP is that conductive agent CMC is binder, is sized mixing by the mass ratio of 8:1:1,
It is applied on copper foil and is made into electrode slice.Potassium piece, diaphragm and spherical graphite pole piece are assembled into button cell to test, current density
For 60mA g-1。
Table 1
From the results shown in Table 1, electrolyte prepared by the present invention, due to having used the metal salt of high concentration, in stone
Black cathode generates inorganic SEI film derived from salt, and in the case where keeping first week higher capacity situation, the capacity retention ratio after 50 weeks begins
80% or more is maintained eventually, the advantages that with the good chemical compatibility of graphite and excellent cyclical stability.And use comparative example
When 1-7, first Zhou Rongliang is not only lower, but also capacity retention ratio is below 80% after 50 weeks.
Table 2 lists 15 kinds of phosphate electrolyte composition compositions and each electrolyte self-extinguishing time in embodiment and comparative example
Test data.
Table 2
As shown in table 2, due to being all made of the linear phosphate-based electrolyte of non-flammable low molecule chain, therefore the above electrolyte
It can reach non-flammable effect.Consolidated statement 1, when electrolyte phosphate-based using high concentration metal salt, not only electrolyte can
Reach non-flammable effect, due also to the metal salt of high concentration generates stable electrodeless SEI film in graphite cathode, makes itself and graphite
Cathode has good compatibility, so that cycle performance be made to greatly promote.
The foregoing is merely preferred embodiment of the present application, are not intended to limit this application, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, various changes and changes are possible in this application.Within the spirit and principles of this application, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of phosphate-based electrolyte of high concentration metal salt characterized by comprising phosphate, lithium salts, sodium salt or sylvite,
The structural formula of the phosphate is as follows:
Wherein, R1、R2And R3Respectively indicating the alkyl, carbon atom number that carbon atom number is 1~10 is 1~10 containing fluoroalkyl or carbon
The alkyl containing chlorine that atomicity is 1~10；
The total concentration of the lithium salts, sodium salt or sylvite in phosphate ester solvent is 0.8~20mol/L.
2. electrolyte as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the phosphate is trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate
TEP, dimethyl methyl phosphonate DMMP, three (2,2,2- trifluoroethyl) phosphate TFP, two (2,2,2- trifluoroethyl) methyl acid phosphates
Ester BMP, (2,2,2- trifluoroethyl) diethylphosphate TDP, three (2- chloroethyl) phosphate TCPP, 3- tri- (two chloropropyls) phosphorus
Acid esters TD (3PP), three (2- chloroethyl) phosphate TCEP.
3. electrolyte as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the lithium salts is lithium hexafluoro phosphate LiPF6, bis- (fluorine sulphonyl)
Imine lithium LiFSI, bis- (fluoroform sulphonyl) imine lithium LiTFSI, LiBF4 LiBF4, dioxalic acid lithium borate LiBOB, two
Fluorine Lithium bis (oxalate) borate LiDFOB, trifluoromethyl sulfonic acid lithium LiSO3CF3, lithium perchlorate LiClO4, hexafluoroarsenate lithium LiAsF6Or it is double
Lithium trifluoromethanesulp,onylimide Li (CF3SO2)2At least one of N.
4. electrolyte as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the sodium salt is sodium hexafluoro phosphate NaPF6, fluoroform sulphur
Sour sodium NaSO3CF3, bis- (fluorine sulphonyl) imines sodium NaFSI, bis- (fluoroform sulphonyl) imines sodium NaTFSI, sodium tetrafluoroborate
NaBF4, dioxalic acid Boratex NaBOB, sodium perchlorate NaClO4, hexafluoroarsenate sodium NaAsF6, bis trifluoromethyl sulfimide sodium Na
(CF3SO2)2At least one of N.
5. electrolyte as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the sylvite is Potassium Hexafluorophosphate KPF6, bis- (fluorine sulphonyl) it is sub-
Amine potassium KFSI, bis- (fluoroform sulphonyl) imines potassium KTFSI, trifluoromethane sulfonic acid potassium KSO3CF3, potassium hyperchlorate KClO4, hexafluoro
Macquer's salt KAsF6Or bis trifluoromethyl sulfimide potassium K (CF3SO2)2At least one of N.
6. electrolyte as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the lithium salts, sodium salt or sylvite are in phosphate ester solvent
Total concentration is 0.8~5,5~10,10~15, at least one of 15~20mol/L.
7. a kind of preparation method of the phosphate-based electrolyte of high concentration metal salt characterized by comprising
Phosphate is purified, impurity and water are removed；
Under nitrogen protection, lithium salts, sodium salt or sylvite is added to the phosphate of above-mentioned purifying；It is uniformly mixed molten to get electrolyte
Liquid；
The structural formula of the phosphate is as follows:
8. the method for claim 7, which is characterized in that the purification process are as follows: distillation and addition molecular sieve, hydrogenation
Calcium, active carbon, anhydrous calcium oxide, lithium hydride, calcium chloride, phosphorus pentoxide, alkali metal, in alkaline-earth metal any one, two
Kind handles phosphate.
9. a kind of lithium ion battery, which is characterized in that electrolyte is electrolyte described in any one of claims 1-6.
10. lithium ion battery as claimed in claim 9 is preparing mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop, flashlight, digital phase
Machine, digital camcorder, LED glare light electric torch, laser flashlight, outdoor lighting torch, engineering illuminating lamp tool, mine lamp, emergency light,
It is electronic toy, game machine, telecontrolled aircraft, electric tool, wireless household small electric appliance, electric bicycle, electric recreation vehicle, portable
Application in audio-video number, instrument balance car, electric bicycle or electric car.
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| CN111313086A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-06-19 | 安徽圣格能源科技有限公司 | Electrolyte and lithium ion battery |
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| CN113764739A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-12-07 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Wide-temperature-zone high-concentration double-salt flame-retardant electrolyte and application thereof in high-nickel lithium ion battery |
| CN114270589A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2022-04-01 | 阿尔特里斯股份制有限公司 | Electrolyte solution comprising alkali metal bis (oxalato) borate |
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| CN113764739A (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2021-12-07 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Wide-temperature-zone high-concentration double-salt flame-retardant electrolyte and application thereof in high-nickel lithium ion battery |
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