CN109215825B - Quick degradation device for radioactive waste ion exchange resin - Google Patents
Quick degradation device for radioactive waste ion exchange resin Download PDFInfo
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- CN109215825B CN109215825B CN201811261200.7A CN201811261200A CN109215825B CN 109215825 B CN109215825 B CN 109215825B CN 201811261200 A CN201811261200 A CN 201811261200A CN 109215825 B CN109215825 B CN 109215825B
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- ion exchange
- exchange resin
- radioactive waste
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- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 44
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 44
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 28
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 27
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000012028 Fenton's reagent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009279 wet oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- TUJKJAMUKRIRHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyl Chemical compound [OH] TUJKJAMUKRIRHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 241000219492 Quercus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002915 spent fuel radioactive waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of radioactive waste treatment, in particular to a radioactive waste ion exchange resin rapid degradation device, which comprises a feeding system, a reaction system and a tail gas treatment system; the reaction system comprises a reaction kettle and a microwave heating device which is arranged at the outer side of the reaction kettle and used for microwave heating, the reaction kettle is provided with a discharge opening and an exhaust opening, and the feeding system comprises a catalyst feeding tank, a radioactive waste ion exchange resin feeding tank and an oxidant feeding tank which are respectively communicated with the reaction kettle and used for feeding materials into the reaction kettle; the tail gas treatment system comprises a first condensing pipe and a second condensing pipe, wherein the first condensing pipe is used for condensing reflux, the second condensing pipe is used for condensing steam, the first condensing pipe is sequentially communicated with the upper end exhaust port of the reaction kettle, and the air inlet of the first condensing pipe is communicated with the upper end exhaust port of the reaction kettle. Compared with the prior art, the degradation device has the advantages of high degradation speed, capacity reduction emission realization, low degradation and later-period cost, high working efficiency, stable performance and good economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radioactive waste treatment, in particular to a rapid degradation device for radioactive waste ion exchange resin.
Background
The ion exchange resin is a high molecular polymer with certain elasticity, and consists of two parts, namely a framework and active groups, and is mainly applied to the purification treatment of loop coolant and spent fuel pool water of a nuclear power plant reactor, the specific activity of the radioactive waste resin can generally reach 10 7～1013 Bq/kg, and the radioactive waste resin cannot be recycled and is required to be subjected to radioactive waste treatment. The radioactive waste resin is one of the most main solid products in the operation of the current nuclear facilities, the yield of the waste resin of a conventional nuclear power plant in one year is about tens of cubic meters, and the volume of the waste resin is close to 1000 cubic meters in the average life period of 30-40 years. Numerous studies have been made on the treatment of waste resins in all countries of the world, but the mature and ideal treatment methods are few, and most nuclear power plants store radioactive waste ion exchange resins in stainless steel tanks.
At present, the radioactive waste resin is mainly treated by degrading the waste resin and then solidifying cement, and the solidified body enters a medium-low-level disposal warehouse for long-term disposal. Among the radioactive waste resin degradation treatment technologies, fenton wet oxidation technology is one of ideal schemes for radioactive waste resin degradation due to mild reaction conditions, relatively small corrosiveness to equipment and easy treatment and control of reaction products. The Fenton wet oxidation technology mainly generates a large amount of hydroxyl free radicals (OH) to act with waste resin, and the strong oxidizing property of the hydroxyl free radicals damages the structure of the waste resin, so that the high molecular polymer is decomposed into linear macromolecules, and the linear macromolecules are further decomposed into small molecules until the small molecules become inorganic matters, thereby achieving the aim of facilitating further solidification.
The Fenton wet oxidation method for degrading the radioactive waste resin is greatly researched, and the technology mainly has the following defects in engineering application at present: 1. fenton wet degradation resin needs to reach the most obvious degradation effect at 90 ℃, and the traditional heating means can not realize rapid heating of the reagent and the inside of the resin. 2. The Fenton wet oxidation has lower degradation efficiency. The waste resin degradation time of the national laboratory of the oak tree is 9-10 hours, and taiwan is 8 hours, mainly because the survival time of hydroxyl radicals is short and the generation rate is low in the Fenton reaction process. 3. A large number of bubbles (particularly anionic resins) are generated during Fenton degradation. Mainly carbon dioxide, oxygen and other gases generated in the reaction process, on one hand, the degradation efficiency of the resin and the reagent is reduced by the generation of bubbles, and on the other hand, the pressure of the reaction container is increased by the bubbles, so that the nuclide overflows. 4. The Fenton reagent may cause the volume of residual liquid to increase after degradation, and the generated waste liquid needs further concentration and volume reduction treatment.
If the degradation efficiency of the Fenton reagent for degrading the waste resin can be effectively improved, the bubble quantity is controlled, and the volume reduction of the waste liquid is noted, the method can be rapidly applied to the degradation engineering of the radioactive waste resin, but in the field of waste ion resin treatment, few degradation devices for the Fenton reagent for treating the radioactive waste ion exchange resin are provided, and the degradation devices cannot solve the problems, so that the working efficiency is low, and therefore, a rapid degradation device is needed to be prepared for treating the radioactive waste ions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a rapid degradation device which can assist Fenton reagent wet oxidation reaction to treat radioactive waste ion exchange resin, so that the problem of low working efficiency is solved.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: a rapid degradation device for radioactive waste ion exchange resin comprises a feeding system, a reaction system and a tail gas treatment system; the reaction system comprises a reaction kettle and a microwave heating device which is arranged at the outer side of the reaction kettle and used for microwave heating, the reaction kettle is provided with a discharge opening and an exhaust opening, and the feeding system comprises a catalyst feeding tank, a radioactive waste ion exchange resin feeding tank and an oxidant feeding tank which are respectively communicated with the reaction kettle and used for feeding materials into the reaction kettle; the tail gas treatment system comprises a first condensing pipe and a tail gas processor, wherein the first condensing pipe is used for condensing and the tail gas processor is used for treating waste gas, and the air inlet of the first condensing pipe is communicated with the air outlet of the reaction kettle.
Wherein, the reaction kettle is spherical or hemispherical.
Wherein, from top to bottom, the cross-sectional area of reation kettle reduces in proper order.
Wherein, first condenser pipe is including setting up in its inside main condenser pipe, and main condenser pipe is the spiral shape, and main condenser pipe is provided with first coolant inlet and the first coolant outlet that is located first condenser pipe outside, first coolant inlet and first coolant outlet and first circulating water pump intercommunication.
The first condenser pipe is communicated with the tail gas processor through a second condenser pipe, a secondary condenser pipe is sleeved on the outer side of the second condenser pipe, a second cooling liquid inlet and a second cooling liquid outlet are formed in the secondary condenser pipe, and the second cooling liquid inlet and the second cooling liquid outlet are communicated with a second circulating water pump.
And a condensate storage tank for collecting condensate is arranged between the second condenser pipe and the tail gas treatment system.
The microwave heating device comprises a furnace body with a furnace chamber, a microwave magnetron is arranged in the furnace body, the reaction kettle is placed in the furnace chamber, and an exhaust port and a discharge port of the reaction kettle extend out of the furnace body respectively.
The reaction system further comprises a monitoring module, the monitoring module comprises a main controller, a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the furnace chamber, a touch display screen arranged on the furnace body, a COD sensor for monitoring liquid pollutants in the reaction kettle, a pH sensor for monitoring the pH value of the liquid in the reaction kettle and an oxidation-reduction potential sensor for measuring the oxidation-reduction capability of the liquid in the reaction kettle, wherein the temperature sensor, the touch display screen, the COD sensor, the pH sensor and the oxidation-reduction potential sensor are all in communication connection with the main controller.
The reaction system further comprises a remote control module, the remote control module comprises a regulator for regulating the microwave heating intensity, a cloud server and a mobile terminal, the regulator, the remote server and the mobile terminal are all in communication connection with the main controller, the temperature sensor, the COD sensor, the pH sensor and the redox potential sensor respectively generate sensing signals to the controller, the controller transmits the sensing signals to the cloud server according to the sensing signals, and the cloud server converts the sensing signals to display signals to the mobile terminal; the mobile terminal sends an operation signal to the cloud server, the cloud server converts the operation signal into a control signal and transmits the control signal to the controller, and the controller controls the regulator according to the control signal.
Wherein, control valves are arranged between the catalyst feeding tank and the reaction kettle, between the radioactive waste ion exchange resin feeding tank and the reaction kettle and between the oxidant feeding tank and the reaction kettle.
The application has the beneficial effects that: the application relates to a working process of a rapid degradation device for radioactive waste ion exchange resin. Firstly, a catalyst feeding tank, a radioactive waste ion exchange resin feeding tank and an oxidant feeding tank in a feeding system respectively throw catalyst, radioactive waste resin and oxidant into a reaction kettle in a reaction system, then a microwave heating device carries out microwave heating on mixed liquid in the reaction kettle, the mixed liquid realizes heating and degradation reaction of the system under the action of microwave heating, and waste liquid generated by the mixed liquid is discharged from a discharge opening of the reaction kettle. In the microwave heating reaction process, waste gas and steam generated by complete degradation of the resin are subjected to condensation recovery treatment through a first condensation pipe and a tail gas processor. Compared with the prior art, the condensation reflux enables the resin to be completely degraded in the degradation process, the reaction can be continuously carried out, the volume reduction of degradation waste liquid is realized by controlling the flow of condensate in the later period, the tail gas and the condensate are discharged after reaching standards, the device realizes the integration of resin degradation and volume reduction, and the volume reduction treatment of degradation residual liquid is not needed. In addition, the microwave heating can effectively improve the yield of hydroxyl radicals in the Fenton reagent, improve the degradation efficiency, shorten the degradation time, realize the rapid degradation of the radioactive waste ion exchange resin and improve the working efficiency. In addition, by combining microwave heating and reactor shape design and utilizing a condensation reflux system, the bubble yield in the reactor can be effectively inhibited, and the degradation efficiency of the resin is improved. The device adopts a secondary condensation system, and the first condensation system mainly condenses and flows back liquid into the reaction kettle, so that degradation can be continuously carried out; the second-stage condensing system is mainly used for condensing and collecting the volume-reducing evaporated steam in the later stage, so that the volume-reducing purpose is realized.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments do not constitute any limitation of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained by one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort from the following drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the rapid degradation apparatus for radioactive spent ion exchange resin according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: the device comprises a 1-catalyst feeding tank, a 2-catalyst control valve, a 3-radioactive waste ion exchange resin feeding tank, a 4-radioactive waste ion exchange resin control valve, a 5-furnace body, a 6-touch display screen, a 7-furnace door, an 8-signal terminal, a 9-reaction kettle, a 10-microwave magnetron, a 11-furnace chamber, a 12-radiating hole, a 13-furnace body support, a 14-discharge opening, a 15-oxidant feeding tank, a 16-oxidant control valve, a 17-first condensing pipe, a 18-first cooling liquid inlet, a 19-main condensing pipe, a 20-second cooling liquid outlet, a 21-second condensing pipe, a 22-secondary condensing pipe, a 23-second cooling liquid discharge opening, a 24-second cooling liquid inlet, a 25-condensate storage tank, a 26-condensate discharge opening, a 27-tail gas processor and a 28-tail gas discharge opening.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
An embodiment of the rapid degradation device for radioactive waste ion exchange resin of the present invention comprises a feeding system, a reaction system and an exhaust gas treatment system, and specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the feeding system comprises a catalyst feeding tank 1, a radioactive waste ion exchange resin feeding tank 3 and an oxidant feeding tank 15. A catalyst control valve 2 is arranged between the catalyst feeding tank 1 and the reaction kettle 9, and the catalyst control valve 2 is used for controlling the supply of catalyst into the reaction kettle 9; an oxidant control valve 16 is arranged between the oxidant feeding tank 15 and the reaction kettle 9, and the oxidant control valve 16 is used for controlling the supply of oxidant into the reaction kettle 9; a radioactive waste ion exchange resin control valve 4 is arranged between the radioactive waste ion exchange resin feeding tank 3 and the reaction kettle 9, and the radioactive waste ion exchange resin control valve 4 is used for controlling the supply of radioactive waste resin into the reaction kettle 9.
Please see fig. 1, the reaction system includes a reaction kettle 9, the reaction kettle 9 is provided with a discharge opening 14 and an exhaust opening, the discharge opening 14 is provided with a discharge valve, the reaction kettle 9 adopts a ceramic or glass which can be penetrated by microwaves, so that the temperature rising rate inside the reaction kettle 9 can be further increased, and the degradation rate inside the reaction kettle 9 is increased. In this embodiment, the reaction kettle 9 is spherically disposed, however, the reaction kettle 9 may be configured into a hemispherical shape or a geometric body with a cross-sectional area sequentially decreasing from top to bottom of the reaction kettle 9, that is, a shape with a large top and a small bottom may be achieved.
The reaction system further comprises a microwave heating device arranged outside the reaction kettle 9 and used for microwave heating, and specifically, the microwave heating device comprises a furnace body 5, a furnace chamber 11 and a furnace door 7, please refer to fig. 1, the furnace body 5 is placed on a furnace body support 13, and a microwave magnetron 10 is arranged between the furnace body 5 and the furnace chamber 11, wherein the specific microwave power is 0 to 6000W. The furnace body 5 is provided with a heat radiation hole 12 for radiating heat, in addition, the reaction kettle 9 is arranged in the furnace chamber 11, and an air outlet and a discharge opening 14 of the reaction kettle 9 respectively extend out of the furnace body 5. The microwave heating device can rapidly realize the heating of the whole reaction system, the optimal reaction temperature of Fenton reaction is reached, the radioactive waste resin, the catalyst and the oxidant which are led in by the feeding system realize Fenton wet oxidation rapid degradation in the reaction system, the hydroxyl radical yield in Fenton reagent is effectively improved, the degradation efficiency is improved, the degradation time is shortened, the rapid degradation of the radioactive waste ion exchange resin is realized, in addition, the microwaves generated by the device can expand the pore canal of the radioactive waste resin, the reagent and the hydroxyl radical can rapidly enter the resin, the waste resin is simultaneously degraded from the inside and the outside of the resin, and the degradation efficiency of the radioactive waste resin is improved.
In this embodiment, the exhaust gas treatment system includes a first condensing pipe 17 for condensation, a second condensing pipe 21 for secondary condensation, a condensate storage tank 25 for collecting condensed water, and an exhaust gas treatment device 27 for treating exhaust gas, which are provided in this order in communication. As shown in fig. 1, the air inlet of the first condensation pipe 17 is communicated with the air outlet of the reaction kettle 9, a spiral main condensation pipe 19 is arranged in the first condensation pipe 17, a first cooling liquid inlet 18 and a first cooling liquid outlet which are positioned outside the first condensation pipe 17 are arranged in the main condensation pipe 19, the first cooling liquid inlet 18 and the first cooling liquid outlet are communicated with a first circulating water pump (not shown), and it should be noted that the first condensation pipe 17 is arranged inside the first condensation pipe 17, and condensation heat exchange is carried out from the inside of the first condensation pipe 17. The secondary condenser tube 22 is sleeved outside the second condenser tube 21, the secondary condenser tube 22 is provided with a second cooling liquid inlet 24 and a second cooling liquid outlet 2320, the second cooling liquid inlet 24 and the second cooling liquid outlet 2320 are communicated with a second circulating water pump, and it should be noted that the second cooling liquid inlet 24 and the second cooling liquid outlet 2320 are not communicated with the second condenser tube 21, and the secondary condenser tube 22 is essentially a condensation water jacket and performs condensation heat exchange with the outside of the second condenser tube 21. The outlet of the second condenser tube 21 is communicated with one end of a condensate storage tank 25, a condensate discharge port 26 of the condensate storage tank 25 is communicated with an air inlet of an exhaust gas processor 27, and an exhaust gas discharge port 28 of the exhaust gas processor 27 is opened to the atmosphere. In addition, the flow of the first circulating water pump and the flow of the second circulating water pump are controlled, so that the condensation rate can be controlled, and the double-condensation structure can realize volume reduction emission; the continuous reaction can be realized at the initial reaction stage by controlling the flow, the volume reduction of degradation liquid can be realized at the later reaction stage, steam and waste gas generated by the reaction sequentially flow through the first condensing pipe 17 and the second condensing pipe 21 and are condensed into condensed water (condensate), the condensate can be directly discharged outwards, the volume reduction effect is achieved, and the waste gas is directly discharged after being processed by the tail gas processor 27.
In the working process of the rapid degradation device for radioactive waste ion exchange resin in this embodiment, firstly, a catalyst feed tank 1, a radioactive waste ion exchange resin feed tank 3 and an oxidant feed tank 15 in a feed system respectively throw catalyst, radioactive waste resin and oxidant into a reaction kettle 9 in a reaction system, then a microwave heating device carries out microwave heating on mixed liquid in the reaction kettle 9, the mixed liquid realizes heating and degradation reaction of the system under the action of microwave heating, reactants generated by the mixed liquid fall into a discharge opening 14 of the reaction kettle 9, in the microwave heating reaction process, waste gas or steam generated by complete degradation of the resin sequentially flows through a first condenser pipe 17 and a first condenser pipe 17, the first condenser pipe 17 and the first condenser pipe 17 carry out condensation reflux on steam and part of gas, and the waste gas which is not subjected to condensation reflux flows through a condensate storage tank 25 and then carries out condensation recovery treatment through a tail gas processor 27.
Compared with the prior art, the condensation reflux ensures that the resin is completely degraded in the degradation process, and ensures that the degradation reaction in the reaction kettle is continuously carried out; the device realizes the integration of resin degradation and volume reduction, does not need to carry out volume reduction treatment on degradation residual liquid (Fenton wet degradation has larger capacity for resin, traditional treatment mode needs to carry out evaporation concentration on degradation liquid, the device can directly realize the volume reduction in the later stage by utilizing the thermal effect of microwaves, and reduces the treatment cost and equipment), and in addition, can effectively improve the hydroxyl radical yield in Fenton reagent by utilizing microwave heating, reduce the resin surface activation energy, improve the degradation efficiency, shorten the degradation time, realize the rapid degradation of the radioactive waste ion exchange resin and improve the working efficiency.
It should be noted that, besides the characteristic of the self structure of the reaction kettle 9 can effectively control bubbles generated by degradation, microwaves heat the reaction kettle 9 in the rising process of the bubbles in the reaction kettle 9, the rising bubbles in the reaction kettle 9 continue to expand under the action of heat, the microwave heating helps to expand and collapse the bubbles, the system bubble amount is further reduced, in addition, the continuously rising bubbles enter the first condensing pipe 17, the condensing system generates lower in-pipe temperature, and the bubbles collapse due to thermal expansion and contraction, so that the output of the bubbles is effectively controlled.
In order to monitor the whole degradation reaction process, can realize carrying out remote operation to degradation device, please see fig. 1, furnace body 5 is provided with a plurality of signal terminals 8 that are used for reading detection data, in this embodiment, reaction system still includes monitoring module, monitoring module includes main control unit, a temperature sensor for monitoring furnace chamber 11 temperature, install at the touch-control display screen 6 of furnace body 5, a COD sensor for monitoring liquid pollutant in reation kettle 9, a pH sensor for monitoring liquid pH value in reation kettle 9 and a redox potential sensor for measuring the redox ability of liquid in reation kettle 9, temperature sensor, touch-control display screen 6, the COD sensor, pH sensor and redox potential sensor all are connected with main control unit communication, in practical application, the temperature signal that temperature sensor monitored, the COD signal that the COD sensor monitored, the pH signal that the pH sensor detected and redox potential sensor detected the redox signal, these sensing signals all can transmit to main control unit, these sensing signal are converted into these electrical signal to touch-control display screen 6 and can carry out the degradation condition that the degradation device in time can be adjusted in real time according to the actual condition, can be adjusted to the actual condition of the touch-control display screen 6. It should be noted that the catalyst control valve 2 and the oxidizer control valve 16 may also be communicatively connected to a main controller, and the main controller controls the feeding amounts of the respective reagents.
The reaction system further comprises a remote control module, the remote control module comprises a regulator for regulating the microwave heating intensity, a cloud server and a mobile terminal, the regulator, the remote server and the mobile terminal are all in communication connection with the main controller, the temperature sensor, the COD sensor, the pH sensor and the oxidation-reduction potential sensor respectively generate sensing signals to the controller, the controller transmits the sensing signals to the cloud server according to the sensing signals, and the cloud server converts the sensing signals to display signals to the mobile terminal; the mobile terminal sends an operation signal to the cloud server, the cloud server converts the operation signal into a control signal and transmits the control signal to the controller, and the controller controls the regulator according to the control signal, so that a user can remotely monitor and remotely control the whole degradation device through the mobile terminal, the automation degree of the device is improved, and the labor cost is reduced.
The application has the beneficial effects that: the application relates to a working process of a rapid degradation device for radioactive waste ion exchange resin. Firstly, a catalyst feeding tank 1, a radioactive waste ion exchange resin feeding tank 3 and an oxidant feeding tank 15 in a feeding system respectively throw catalyst, radioactive waste resin and oxidant into a reaction kettle 9 in a reaction system, then a microwave heating device carries out microwave heating on mixed liquid in the reaction kettle 9, the mixed liquid realizes heating and degradation reaction of the system under the action of microwave heating, reactants generated by the mixed liquid fall into a discharge opening 14 of the reaction kettle 9, and waste gas generated by complete degradation of the resin is condensed and recovered through a first condenser pipe 17 and a tail gas processor 27 in the microwave heating reaction process. Compared with the prior art, the condensation reflux enables the resin to be completely degraded in the degradation process, reduces the evaporation flow and ensures the degradation process; the volume reduction of degradation waste liquid is realized by the later evaporation and condensation, so that the tail gas and condensate reach the standard and are discharged, the device realizes the integration of resin degradation and volume reduction, and the volume reduction treatment of degradation residual liquid is not needed. In addition, the microwave heating can effectively improve the yield of hydroxyl radicals in the Fenton reagent, improve the degradation efficiency, shorten the degradation time, realize the rapid degradation of the radioactive waste ion exchange resin, improve the working efficiency and reduce the labor intensity and the cost of workers. The device adopts microwave heating, combines the shape design of the reaction kettle and a condensation reflux system, can effectively inhibit the quantity of reaction bubbles and improve the degradation efficiency of resin.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A radioactive waste ion exchange resin rapid degradation device is characterized in that: comprises a feeding system, a reaction system and a tail gas treatment system;
the reaction system comprises a reaction kettle and a microwave heating device which is arranged outside the reaction kettle and used for microwave heating, and the reaction kettle is provided with a discharge opening and an exhaust opening;
the feeding system comprises a catalyst feeding tank, a radioactive waste ion exchange resin feeding tank and an oxidant feeding tank which are respectively communicated with the reaction kettle and feed the inside of the reaction kettle;
the tail gas treatment system comprises a first condensing pipe for condensing and refluxing and a second condensing pipe for evaporating and condensing the volume-reduced steam, which are sequentially communicated, wherein an air inlet of the first condensing pipe is communicated with an air outlet of the reaction kettle;
the first condensing pipe comprises a main condensing pipe arranged in the first condensing pipe, the main condensing pipe is in a spiral shape, the main condensing pipe is provided with a first cooling liquid inlet and a first cooling liquid outlet which are positioned at the outer side of the first condensing pipe, and the first cooling liquid inlet and the first cooling liquid outlet are communicated with a first circulating water pump;
The first condenser pipe is communicated with the tail gas processor through a second condenser pipe, a secondary condenser pipe is sleeved on the outer side of the second condenser pipe, the secondary condenser pipe is provided with a second cooling liquid inlet and a second cooling liquid outlet, and the second cooling liquid inlet and the second cooling liquid outlet are communicated with a second circulating water pump;
a condensate storage tank for collecting condensate is arranged between the second condenser pipe and the tail gas treatment system;
the cross-sectional area of the reaction kettle is sequentially reduced from top to bottom.
2. The rapid degradation device for radioactive spent ion exchange resin according to claim 1, wherein: the microwave heating device comprises a furnace body with a furnace chamber, a microwave magnetron is arranged in the furnace body, the reaction kettle is placed in the furnace chamber, and an exhaust port and a discharge port of the reaction kettle extend out of the furnace body respectively.
3. The rapid degradation device for radioactive spent ion exchange resin according to claim 2, wherein: the reaction system further comprises a monitoring module, the monitoring module comprises a main controller, a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature of the furnace chamber, a touch display screen arranged on the furnace body, a COD sensor for monitoring liquid pollutants in the reaction kettle, a pH sensor for monitoring the pH value of the liquid in the reaction kettle and an oxidation-reduction potential sensor for measuring the oxidation-reduction capability of the liquid in the reaction kettle, and the temperature sensor, the touch display screen, the COD sensor, the pH sensor and the oxidation-reduction potential sensor are all in communication connection with the main controller.
4. A rapid degradation device for radioactive waste ion exchange resin according to claim 3, wherein: the reaction system further comprises a remote control module, the remote control module comprises a regulator for regulating the microwave heating intensity, a cloud server and a mobile terminal, the regulator, the remote server and the mobile terminal are all in communication connection with the main controller, the temperature sensor, the COD sensor, the pH sensor and the redox potential sensor respectively generate sensing signals to the controller, the controller transmits the sensing signals to the cloud server according to the sensing signals, and the cloud server converts the sensing signals to display signals to the mobile terminal; the mobile terminal sends an operation signal to the cloud server, the cloud server converts the operation signal into a control signal and transmits the control signal to the controller, and the controller controls the regulator according to the control signal.
5. The rapid degradation device for radioactive spent ion exchange resin according to claim 1, wherein: control valves are arranged between the catalyst feeding tank and the reaction kettle, between the radioactive waste ion exchange resin feeding tank and the reaction kettle and between the oxidant feeding tank and the reaction kettle.
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| CN110729068B (en) * | 2019-09-16 | 2021-04-06 | 华中科技大学 | Reaction device and method for degrading radioactive waste resin based on Fenton method |
| CN111644034A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-09-11 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Device and method for treating tail gas generated by Fenton oxidation of radioactive waste resin |
| CN112289476B (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2023-04-07 | 江苏中海华核环保有限公司 | Useless resin toper drying device of radioactivity |
| CN114242295B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2024-07-19 | 西南科技大学 | Method for solidifying radioactive waste liquid glass |
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