CN109215810A - A kind of accurate experiment acquisition methods of spacer grid of fuel assembly coefficient of partial resistance - Google Patents
A kind of accurate experiment acquisition methods of spacer grid of fuel assembly coefficient of partial resistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN109215810A CN109215810A CN201811082006.2A CN201811082006A CN109215810A CN 109215810 A CN109215810 A CN 109215810A CN 201811082006 A CN201811082006 A CN 201811082006A CN 109215810 A CN109215810 A CN 109215810A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
- G21C3/30—Assemblies of a number of fuel elements in the form of a rigid unit
- G21C3/32—Bundles of parallel pin-, rod-, or tube-shaped fuel elements
- G21C3/34—Spacer grids
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of accurate experiment acquisition methods of spacer grid of fuel assembly coefficient of partial resistance, comprising the following steps: fuel bundle channel pressure drop tests point position arrangement；Dropped without grid spacer fuel bundle in-passage pressure and test, obtains coefficient of frictional resistance using experimental data；Under same Reynolds number, the fuel bundle channel pressure drop experiment containing grid spacer is carried out, the coefficient of partial resistance that grid spacer is formed is obtained；It repeats the above steps and carries out drop test under different Reynolds number, to obtain the coefficient of partial resistance that coefficient of frictional resistance and grid spacer are formed under different Reynolds number；Based on the corresponding coefficient of frictional resistance of Reynolds number and coefficient of partial resistance, fitting obtains the calculating correlation of coefficient of frictional resistance and coefficient of partial resistance.Experimental method provided by the invention will make the measuring result of grid spacer resistance coefficient truer, conducive to the accurate of Study of Lifting result, to more preferably support fuel assembly R&D work.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to reactor core fuel assembly technical fields, and in particular to a kind of spacer grid of fuel assembly part
The accurate experiment acquisition methods of resistance coefficient.
Background technique
The reactor core being made of fuel assembly is the heart of nuclear power station, how to promote reactor fuel component economy and safety
It is the developing direction of PWR fuel assembly.Grid spacer is the key structure portion that fuel element pipe is supported and is fixed
Part, while there are significant impacts to the thermal property of fuel assembly, thus the performance study of grid spacer is Advanced fuel assembly
The core and key point of research and development.On the one hand grid spacer can strengthen screen work downstream crossing current, and then enhance fuel assembly thermal technology
Performance；On the other hand, the presence of screen work will increase flow resistance.Wherein grid spacer coefficient of partial resistance is fuel assembly research and development
One of the key technical indexes that must be paid close attention in the process.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of accurate experiments of the spacer grid of fuel assembly coefficient of partial resistance to solve the above problems
Acquisition methods will make the measuring result of grid spacer resistance coefficient truer based on the present invention, thus be conducive to research
As a result accuracy, to more preferably support Advanced fuel assembly R&D work.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of accurate experiment acquisition methods of spacer grid of fuel assembly coefficient of partial resistance, comprising the following steps:
Setp.1, fuel bundle channel pressure drop test point position arrangement；
Setp.2, drop without grid spacer fuel bundle in-passage pressure and tests, and obtains friction resistance using experimental data
Force coefficient；
Setp.3, under the same Reynolds number of Setp.2, carry out fuel bundle channel pressure drop containing grid spacer and test,
The coefficient of partial resistance that grid spacer is formed is obtained using experimental data；
Setp.4 repeats Setp.2 and Setp.3 and carries out drop test under different Reynolds number: including without grid spacer
Drop test under the conditions of fuel bundle channel and two kinds of fuel bundle channel with grid spacer, to obtain different Reynolds number
The coefficient of partial resistance that lower coefficient of frictional resistance and grid spacer are formed；
Setp.5, is based on the corresponding coefficient of frictional resistance of Reynolds number and coefficient of partial resistance, and fitting obtains frictional resistance system
Several calculating correlations with coefficient of partial resistance；
In the fuel bundle channel pressure drop experiment, main part includes outer flow passage, fuel rod and grid spacer.
Preferably, in the Setp.1, the drop test point position includes grid spacer upstream and downstream pressure drop measuring point position
It sets, and the axial distance of grid spacer upstream and downstream pressure drop measuring point and grid spacer foundation grid spacer is to upstream and downstream flow
Operating distance determines.
Preferably, in the Setp.2, coolant flowing is in stable state in fuel bundle channel when stable operation, this
When inertia pressure drop be zero, pressure drop can be expressed as formula (1):
Δ p=Δ pacc+Δpgrav+Δpfric+Δpform (1)
In formula (1), right side of the equal sign is respectively to accelerate pressure drop, promote pressure drop, friction pressure drop and partial drop of pressure；
Friction pressure drop is expressed as formula (2):
In formula (2), λ is coefficient of frictional resistance, and coefficient of frictional resistance is related with Reynolds number；L is flow channel length, and ρ is fluid
Density, ν are fluid mean flow rate, DhFor hydraulic diameter；
Partial drop of pressure is expressed as formula (3):
In formula (3), K is coefficient of partial resistance；
Voltage drop meter is accelerated to be shown as: △ Pacc=0；Promote pressure drop △ PgravLiquid-column height difference is offset between pressure guiding pipe.
Preferably, fuel bundle channel pressure drop of the measurement without grid spacer is △ p under a certain fixed Reynolds number1, this
When pressure drop be friction pressure drop, coefficient of frictional resistance calculation formula under the fixed Reynolds number are as follows:
Preferably, the fuel bundle channel pressure drop experiment containing grid spacer is carried out under same Reynolds number, utilizes experiment
The coefficient of partial resistance that data acquisition grid spacer is formed:
It is △ p that differential pressure pickup, which measures pressure difference, in formula (5), in experiment2, △ p1It is expressed as friction pressure drop.
Preferably, in the Setp.5, fitting is fitted coefficient of frictional resistance and local resistance system by independent variable of Reynolds number
Number correlation, fitting correlation form are as follows:
λ=aReb (6)
K=cRed (7)
In formula (6) and (7), a, b, c, d are fitting coefficient undetermined, and Re is Reynolds number.
Preferably, the fitting formula of exponential form uses least square fitting, and specific practice is to take logarithm by correlation shape
Formula becomes linear relation, takes its expression formula after logarithm as follows:
Ln λ=blnRe+lna (8)
LnK=dlnRe+lnc (9)
By least square fitting and the corresponding coefficient of frictional resistance of Reynolds number and coefficient of partial resistance can obtain a,
B, c, d fitting coefficient undetermined, and then obtain fuel bundle channel resistance characteristic rule.
Preferably, in drop test measuring point pressure measuring service, along the circumferentially uniformly distributed multiple surveys in cylinder fuel bundle channel
Pressure point is simultaneously averaged to replace section average pressure.
The present invention has the advantage that and the utility model has the advantages that
Pressure drop before and after the coefficient of partial resistance of grid spacer is based on grid spacer in present invention experiment obtains, due to
There are great turbulence levels and vortex after grid spacer, therefore the distance of pressure-measuring-point in the axial direction is long after grid spacer, coupling
Influence of the cluster along journey frictional resistance.And be based on method proposed in this paper, then it can consider that friction pressure drop and part are pressed respectively
The influence of drop, so that the spacer grid of fuel assembly calculating coefficient of partial resistance of measurement is more accurate, and result can be answered quickly
It is predicted for band grid spacer cluster channel resistance.
Specifically, the present invention is rubbed in channel with Important Projects background, clusters such as the researchs of cluster channel resistance specificity analysis
The current demand that pressure drop and grid spacer influence pressure drop gives based on experimental data to cluster passage friction resistance coefficient
With the calculation method of coefficient of partial resistance.In this calculation method, carry out respectively under the same Reynolds number without grid spacer
Optical wand beam passage drop measurement tests and is this calculation method implementation process with the drop experiment of grid spacer cluster in-passage pressure
Committed step.Screen work, which can be quickly calculated, based on this calculation method relational expression obtained forms drag overall size.The present invention provides
Cluster channel pressure drop in frictional resistance subtraction method, necessary ginseng can be provided for fuel assembly drag characteristic analysis and optimization
It examines.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing described herein is used to provide to further understand the embodiment of the present invention, constitutes one of the application
Point, do not constitute the restriction to the embodiment of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is cluster channel cross-section structural schematic diagram of the invention；Arrow indicates liquid flow path direction；
Fig. 2 is (D under grid spacer downstream difference hydraulic diameter of the inventionh) sectional pressure distribution.
Label and corresponding parts title in attached drawing: 1- outer flow passage, 2- fuel rod, 3- grid spacer, the pressure of the downstream 4-
Point, the upstream 5- pressure point.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing, to this
Invention is described in further detail, and exemplary embodiment of the invention and its explanation for explaining only the invention, are not made
For limitation of the invention.
Embodiment
Present embodiments provide a kind of accurate experiment acquisition methods of spacer grid of fuel assembly coefficient of partial resistance, and with
For the experiment of 5 × 5 cluster channel pressure drops, cluster channel Longitudinal cross section schematic is led as shown in Figure 1, in the experiment of cluster channel pressure drop
Body portion includes outer flow passage 1, fuel rod 2 and grid spacer 3；Experiment specific step is as described below:
Setp.1, fuel bundle channel pressure drop test point position arrangement:
Fluid will form great turbulence level and vortex after flowing through grid spacer, so that pressure-measuring-point should not be arranged in positioning lattice
More nearby, distance depends on grid spacer to the operating distance of downstream flow in frame downstream.With international benchmark problem MATiS-H
For experiment, using 5 × 5 cluster channels as research object, and the boundary condition for choosing robustness combination has carried out grid spacer stream
Numerical Simulation work, screen work downstream are axially different as shown in Figure 2 apart from lower sectional pressure distribution.As shown in Figure 2, for standard
Fork row's class grid spacer, downstream measuring point should be more than 15Dh (hydraulic diameter) at a distance from screen work.
In conclusion compared with the optical wand beam without grid spacer, due to grid spacer upstream and downstream flow field can be generated compared with
Strong influence, therefore grid spacer upstream and downstream measuring point there are certain requirements away from screen work distance；Since screen work band can be to upstream flow
Field generates certain influence, therefore grid spacer upstream measuring point should be not less than 5Dh away from screen work entrance；Mixing blade on grid spacer
In the presence of meeting so that screen work downstream more nearby has more tyrannical stream and vortex, grid spacer downstream measuring point and should be not less than away from screen work
15Dh。
In addition, in the measurement of pressure point pressure, it is contemplated that circumferential pressure nonunf ormity, processing mode are circumferential uniformly distributed
Multiple pressure taps are simultaneously averaged to replace section average pressure, reduce the uneven bring error of cross-sectional distribution.
Setp.2, drop without grid spacer fuel bundle in-passage pressure and tests, and obtains friction resistance using experimental data
Force coefficient:
Since distance is longer between grid spacer upstream and downstream pressure tap, the influence of friction pressure drop be can not ignore, the mode of solution
It is the drop measurement experiment that optical wand beam (without grid spacer) is carried out before grid spacer drop measurement, to obtain frictional resistance
Coefficient.
Coolant flowing is in stable state in fuel bundle channel when stable operation, and inertia pressure drop at this time is zero, pressure drop
It can be expressed as formula (1):
Δ p=Δ pacc+Δpgrav+Δpfric+Δpform (1)
In formula (1), right side of the equal sign is respectively to accelerate pressure drop, promote pressure drop, friction pressure drop and partial drop of pressure；
Friction pressure drop is expressed as formula (2):
In formula (2), λ is coefficient of frictional resistance, and for particular geometric configuration, coefficient of frictional resistance is related with Reynolds number, can
To obtain the relationship of coefficient of frictional resistance and Reynolds number by experiment or numerical simulation；L is flow channel length, and ρ is fluid density, ν
For fluid mean flow rate, DhFor hydraulic diameter；
Partial drop of pressure is expressed as formula (3):
In formula (3), K is coefficient of partial resistance；
In the experiment of cluster channel Single-phase pressure drop, accelerate pressure drop negligible, therefore voltage drop meter is accelerated to be shown as: △ Pacc
=0；Promote pressure drop △ PgravIt is offset by liquid-column height difference between pressure guiding pipe.
In conclusion if the pressure difference result measured is friction for the optical wand beam passage without grid spacer between measuring point
Pressure drop；If having grid spacer between measuring point, the pressure difference result that differential pressure pickup measures is friction pressure drop and partial drop of pressure
Coupling.Therefore to carry out the optical wand beam passage without grid spacer before carrying out containing the experiment of grid spacer cluster channel pressure drop
The research of internal pressure drop characteristic.
Obtain the concrete operations of coefficient of frictional resistance are as follows: measurement is free of the fuel of grid spacer under a certain fixed Reynolds number
Cluster channel pressure drop is △ p1, pressure drop at this time is friction pressure drop, coefficient of frictional resistance calculation formula under the fixed Reynolds number are as follows:
In formula (4), hydraulic diameter DhIt is it is known that density p can be obtained by temperature and pressure, averagely with flow channel length L
Flow velocity ν can be calculated by flow.Therefore it can be obtained by formula (4) without coefficient of frictional resistance λ under the conditions of grid spacer optical wand.
Setp.3, under the same Reynolds number of Setp.2, carry out fuel bundle channel pressure drop containing grid spacer and test,
The coefficient of partial resistance that grid spacer is formed is obtained using experimental data；
On the basis of optical wand beam passage flowing experiment, it can carry out and band grid spacer stick under Reynolds number identical in Setp.2
Experiment in beam passage.Pressure difference measured by differential pressure pickup is the coupling of friction pressure drop and partial drop of pressure at this time, to obtain
Grid spacer is formed by coefficient of partial resistance, needs to separate friction pressure drop from overall presure drop, and the purpose removed in this way is
It is that pressure drop is divided into two parts to consider in order to which subsequent calculating screen work forms drag overall, it can be by coefficient of frictional resistance and local resistance
Coefficient quickly finds out the overall presure drop of screen work formation.If it is △ p that differential pressure pickup, which measures pressure difference, in experiment2, then local resistance system
Number can be calculate by the following formula:
It is △ p that differential pressure pickup, which measures pressure difference, in formula (5), in experiment2, △ p1It is expressed as the friction pressure calculated in Setp.2
Drop.
Setp.4 repeats Setp.2 and Setp.3 and carries out drop test under different Reynolds number: including without grid spacer
Drop test under the conditions of fuel bundle channel and two kinds of fuel bundle channel with grid spacer, to obtain different Reynolds number
The coefficient of partial resistance that lower coefficient of frictional resistance and grid spacer are formed；
Setp.5, is based on the corresponding coefficient of frictional resistance of Reynolds number and coefficient of partial resistance, and fitting obtains frictional resistance system
Several calculating correlations with coefficient of partial resistance；
Under particular bar beam passage geometrical condition, the corresponding coefficient of frictional resistance of each Reynolds number and local resistance system
Number is needed to be fitted to be fitted using Reynolds number as independent variable and be rubbed to study Reynolds number to cluster channel pressure drop characteristic affecting laws
Resistance coefficient and coefficient of partial resistance correlation, fitting correlation form are as follows:
λ=aReb (6)
K=cRed (7)
In formula (6) and (7), a, b, c, d are fitting coefficient undetermined, and Re is Reynolds number.
The fitting formula of exponential form uses least square fitting, and specific practice is to take logarithm that correlation form is become line
Sexual intercourse formula takes its expression formula after logarithm as follows:
Ln λ=blnRe+lna (8)
LnK=dlnRe+lnc (9)
By least square fitting and the corresponding coefficient of frictional resistance of Reynolds number and coefficient of partial resistance can obtain a,
B, c, d fitting coefficient undetermined, and then obtain fuel bundle channel resistance characteristic rule.
Above-described specific embodiment has carried out further the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
It is described in detail, it should be understood that being not intended to limit the present invention the foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the invention
Protection scope, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of accurate experiment acquisition methods of spacer grid of fuel assembly coefficient of partial resistance, which is characterized in that including following
Step:
Setp.1, fuel bundle channel pressure drop test point position arrangement；
Setp.2 drop without grid spacer fuel bundle in-passage pressure and tests, obtains frictional resistance system using experimental data
Number；
Setp.3, under the same Reynolds number of Setp.2, carry out fuel bundle channel pressure drop containing grid spacer and test, utilize
Experimental data obtains the coefficient of partial resistance that grid spacer is formed；
Setp.4 repeats Setp.2 and Setp.3 and carries out drop test under different Reynolds number: including the fuel without grid spacer
Drop test under the conditions of cluster channel and two kinds of fuel bundle channel with grid spacer, is rubbed under different Reynolds number with obtaining
Wipe the coefficient of partial resistance that resistance coefficient and grid spacer are formed；
Setp.5, be based on the corresponding coefficient of frictional resistance of Reynolds number and coefficient of partial resistance, fitting obtain coefficient of frictional resistance with
The calculating correlation of coefficient of partial resistance；
In the fuel bundle channel pressure drop experiment, main part includes outer flow passage, fuel rod and grid spacer.
2. a kind of accurate experiment acquisition methods of spacer grid of fuel assembly coefficient of partial resistance according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the drop test point position includes grid spacer upstream and downstream pressure drop point position in the Setp.1, and
Effect of the axial distance of grid spacer upstream and downstream pressure drop measuring point and grid spacer according to grid spacer to upstream and downstream flow
Distance determines.
3. a kind of accurate experiment acquisition methods of spacer grid of fuel assembly coefficient of partial resistance according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, in the Setp.2, coolant flowing is in stable state in fuel bundle channel when stable operation, is used at this time
Property pressure drop is zero, and pressure drop can be expressed as formula (1):
Δ p=Δ pacc+Δpgrav+Δpfric+Δpform (1)
In formula (1), right side of the equal sign is respectively to accelerate pressure drop, promote pressure drop, friction pressure drop and partial drop of pressure；
Friction pressure drop is expressed as formula (2):
In formula (2), λ is coefficient of frictional resistance, and coefficient of frictional resistance is related with Reynolds number；L is flow channel length, and ρ is fluid density,
ν is fluid mean flow rate, DhFor hydraulic diameter；
Partial drop of pressure is expressed as formula (3):
In formula (3), K is coefficient of partial resistance；
Voltage drop meter is accelerated to be shown as: △ Pacc=0；Promote pressure drop △ PgravLiquid-column height difference is offset between pressure guiding pipe.
4. a kind of accurate experiment acquisition methods of spacer grid of fuel assembly coefficient of partial resistance according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that, fuel bundle channel pressure drop of the measurement without grid spacer is △ p under a certain fixed Reynolds number1, press at this time
It is reduced to friction pressure drop, coefficient of frictional resistance calculation formula under the fixed Reynolds number are as follows:
5. a kind of accurate experiment acquisition methods of spacer grid of fuel assembly coefficient of partial resistance according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that, carrying out the fuel bundle channel pressure drop experiment containing grid spacer under same Reynolds number, experimental data is utilized
Obtain the coefficient of partial resistance that grid spacer is formed:
It is △ p that differential pressure pickup, which measures pressure difference, in formula (5), in experiment2, △ p1It is expressed as friction pressure drop.
6. a kind of accurate experiment acquisition methods of spacer grid of fuel assembly coefficient of partial resistance according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, fitting is fitted coefficient of frictional resistance as independent variable using Reynolds number and coefficient of partial resistance closes in the Setp.5
Connection formula, fitting correlation form are as follows:
λ=a Reb (6)
K=c Red (7)
In formula (6) and (7), a, b, c, d are fitting coefficient undetermined, and Re is Reynolds number.
7. a kind of accurate experiment acquisition methods of spacer grid of fuel assembly coefficient of partial resistance according to claim 6,
It is characterized in that, the fitting formula of exponential form uses least square fitting, specific practice is that logarithm is taken to become correlation form
Linear formula takes its expression formula after logarithm as follows:
Ln λ=b ln Re+ln a (8)
Ln K=d ln Re+ln c (9)
A, b, c, d can be obtained by least square fitting and the corresponding coefficient of frictional resistance of Reynolds number and coefficient of partial resistance
Fitting coefficient undetermined, and then obtain fuel bundle channel resistance characteristic rule.
8. a kind of accurate experiment acquisition methods of spacer grid of fuel assembly coefficient of partial resistance according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, in drop test measuring point pressure measuring service, along the circumferentially uniformly distributed multiple pressure taps in cylinder fuel bundle channel
And it is averaged to replace section average pressure.
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| CN110543704A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-12-06 | 西安交通大学 | correction method for considering local structure influence in reactor core flow field calculation |
| CN110828013A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-21 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Rod bundle channel experiment device and method capable of realizing different mixing distances |
| CN115214807A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-10-21 | 上海交通大学 | Bionic microstructure-based surface modification technology with pneumatic drag reduction function |
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| Ma et al. | Experimental study on the effect of diameter on gas–liquid CCFL characteristics of horizontal circular pipes | |
| Robers et al. | Effect of part-length rods for different BWR subchannel geometries | |
| Chen et al. | Effect of bend separation distance on the mass transfer in back-to-back pipe bends arranged in a 180° configuration | |
| Wan et al. | Phase distribution characteristics in 5× 5 bowing rod bundles | |
| Beck et al. | Two-phase pressure drop due to a spacer grid in a heated rod bundle | |
| Del Frate et al. | Limitations in the Use of the Equivalent Diameter | |
| Sun et al. | DEVELOPMENT OF A REFINED SUB-CHANNEL ANALYSIS CODE FOR LEAD-BASED COOLED FAST REACTOR | |
| Nagatake et al. | Measurement of the water-vapor void fraction in a 4x4 unheated rod bundle | |
| Yang et al. | Turbulent flow through mixing spacer grids in rod bundles |
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Application publication date: 20190115 |