CN109214102A - Calculation method for the cold-proof drain cavern length in tunnel in cold regions hole - Google Patents
Calculation method for the cold-proof drain cavern length in tunnel in cold regions hole Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of calculation method for the cold-proof drain cavern length in tunnel in cold regions hole, analysis is located at cold and tunnel in cold regions hole solar radiation situation, calculates the solar radiation index of tunnel portal；It using tunnel portal solar radiation index, the most cold monthly mean temperature in hole, is completed positioned at the drainage channel icing length of severe cold area railway tunnel actual measurement and corresponding cold-proof drain cavern setting length as calculating parameter, drafts Nonlinear Curved equation form；Using Multiple Non Linear Regression, nonlinear multivariable surface equation undetermined parameter is calculated, obtains the cold-proof drain cavern setting calculating formula of length of tunnel in cold regions.The present invention overcomes the prior arts to be arranged the shortcomings that length is without law theory qualitative and quantitative analysis to cold-proof drain cavern, and proposing has targetedly calculation method, improves the accuracy of the calculating for the cold-proof drain cavern setting length in tunnel in cold regions hole.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cold-proof fields in tunnel, and in particular to one kind is used for the cold-proof drain cavern length in tunnel in cold regions hole
Calculation method.
Background technique
It is completed tunnel in cold regions Investigation on Frost Damage overview according to China, freezing damage in tunnel is usually locally to tie from drainage channel
What ice started.It creates Railway Tunnel to northwest China to count, there are local draining channels after part tunnel is built up
The case where icing, seriously threatens traffic safety.The especially tunnel portal Schattenseite and the lower region of temperature that are located at massif freezes
Problem is more prominent, and the yin, yang slope of massif judges to be directly affected by solar radiation.
Improving effective drainage system and reliable cold-proof heat insulation measure is the key that prevent freeze injury.China severe cold area tunnel
The major measure of the freeze proof section of setting up defences in road has cold-proof drain cavern, cold-proof drain cavern, cold-proof drain cavern and electric tracer heating system.Tunnel portal
When cold-proof drain cavern Design of length, usually according to the design experiences of designer, lack quantitative calculation method.
Summary of the invention
It is comprehensive the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of calculation method for the cold-proof drain cavern length in tunnel in cold regions hole
It closes and considers the influence factors such as solar radiation quantity and tunnel portal temperature, determine that tunnel in cold regions is cold-proof by nonlinear regression and let out
The setting length in water hole.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
Calculation method for the cold-proof drain cavern length in tunnel in cold regions hole, it is characterised in that:
The following steps are included:
Step 1: tunnel portal solar radiation impact analysis:
The solar radiation condition for being located at cold and tunnel in cold regions hole is analyzed, slope where tunnel portal is passed through
Three azimuth in face, the natural grade of slope surface and geographic latitude influence factors, the solar radiation that tunnel portal is calculated refer to
Mark；
Step 2: equation form is drafted:
Using tunnel portal solar radiation index, the most cold monthly mean temperature in hole as independent variable, it is completed positioned at severe cold
The drainage channel icing length of area's railway tunnel actual measurement and corresponding cold-proof drain cavern setting length are drafted more as dependent variable
First Nonlinear Curved equation form；
Step 3: Multiple Non Linear Regression:
Nonlinear multivariable surface equation preset parameter undetermined and convergence control coefrficient to be returned is calculated, to polynary
Nonlinear Curved equation is matched, and the cold-proof drain cavern setting calculating formula of length of tunnel in cold regions is obtained.
Tunnel portal solar radiation index calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, IθFor tunnel portal solar radiation index；IDθFor tunnel portal beam radia intensity；IdθFor Tunnel
Mouth solar scattered radiation intensity；IRθThe ground return radiation intensity obtained for tunnel portal；IDNFor normal direction intensity of solar radiation,
Refer to the beam radia intensity of sunray normal direction, IDN=I0×Pm, I0For solar constant, P is atmosphere coefficient of transparency, m
For air quality,H is solar elevation；I is solar incident angle, cosi=cos θ sinh+sin θ coshcos
(α-γ), γ are inclined-plane azimuth；α is solar azimuth；IDHFor horizontal direction beam radia intensity, IDH=IDNsinh
=I0Pmsinh；IdHFor horizontal direction solar scattered radiation intensityθ is tunnel portal
The inclination angle of place slope surface；ρGThe Reflectivity for Growing Season of slope surface where tunnel；IhFor the total radiation intensity of horizontal direction,
Assignment is carried out to Partial Variable when calculating solar radiation index, in which: solar azimuth α is 0, refers to constantly be 12
When solar azimuth；P atmosphere coefficient of transparency is 0.722；The Reflectivity for Growing Season ρ of slope surface where tunnelGIt is 0.2；Solar constant I0
Take 1.
In step 2, using tunnel portal solar radiation index, the most cold monthly mean temperature in hole as independent variable, it is completed position
It is used as in the drainage channel icing length of severe cold area railway tunnel actual measurement and corresponding cold-proof drain cavern setting length because becoming
Amount, it is as follows to draft nonlinear multivariable equation form；
Wherein, T is the most cold monthly mean temperature in hole；IθFor tunnel portal solar radiation index；L is Railway Tunnel
Freeze injury length；A, b, c are preset parameter to be returned, and d is convergence control coefrficient to be returned.
In step 3, Multiple Non Linear Regression is carried out using wheat quart method, nonlinear multivariable surface equation is calculated and waits for
Fixed preset parameter and convergence control coefrficient to be returned, and then obtain the cold-proof drain cavern setting length computation of tunnel in cold regions
Formula is as follows:
The calculated result of the cold-proof drain cavern setting calculating formula of length of the tunnel in cold regions is established in tunnel portal
On the basis of most cold monthly mean temperature, solar radiation index；The cold-proof drain cavern setting length of tunnel in cold regions is also by other
The influence of factor, when introducing, hole mima type microrelief, underground water development degree, road gradient in highway tunnel, natural wind direction, wind speed, train driving are fast
When other influence factors of degree, needs to increase above-mentioned independent variable in step 2, draft nonlinear multivariable equation form again, and
Increase preset parameter to be returned in step 3, re-start Multiple Non Linear Regression:
Wherein, m1m2...mnFor influence tunnel in cold regions cold-proof drain cavern, the calculated result of calculating formula of length is set
Other factors, include but are not limited to tunnel portal mima type microrelief, underground water development degree, road gradient in highway tunnel, natural wind direction, wind speed,
Train running speed；For calculating process, indicate each influence factor to the influence mode of calculated result.
The invention has the following advantages that
A kind of calculation method for the cold-proof drain cavern setting length in tunnel in cold regions hole of the present invention, for
The characteristics of tunnel portal, the azimuth of slope surface where tunnel portal, slope surface three influence factors of natural grade and geographic latitude
The solar radiation index for calculating tunnel portal, evaluates the solar radiation size that tunnel portal receives.Analyze Tunnel
Mouth solar radiation index, the most cold monthly mean temperature in hole freeze to the drainage channel of cold or severe cold area railway tunnel actual measurement and grow
The influence of degree and corresponding heat preservation ditch setting length, has drafted nonlinear multivariable surface equation form, by polynary non-thread
Property return, propose tunnel in cold regions cold-proof drain cavern setting calculating formula of length.The present invention overcomes prior art contrapositions
In the cold-proof drain cavern in tunnel in cold regions hole setting length is without law theory qualitative and quantitative analysis the shortcomings that, proposes to have and be directed to
Property calculation method, improve the accuracy of tunnel in cold regions hole cold-proof drain cavern setting length computation.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail With reference to embodiment.
The present invention relates to a kind of calculation methods for the cold-proof drain cavern setting length in tunnel in cold regions hole, comprising:
Step 1: tunnel portal solar radiation impact analysis.To the sun spoke for being located at cold and tunnel in cold regions hole
The condition of penetrating is analyzed, and the azimuth of slope surface where tunnel portal, the natural grade of slope surface and geographic latitude three influences are passed through
The solar radiation index of tunnel portal is calculated in factor；
Step 2: equation form is drafted.Using tunnel portal solar radiation index, the most cold monthly mean temperature in hole as change certainly
Amount, China is completed to be set positioned at the drainage channel icing length of severe cold area railway tunnel actual measurement and corresponding cold-proof drain cavern
Length is set as dependent variable, drafts nonlinear multivariable surface equation form；
Step 3: Multiple Non Linear Regression.Nonlinear multivariable surface equation preset parameter undetermined is calculated and wait return
The convergence control coefrficient returned, matches nonlinear multivariable surface equation, obtains the cold-proof drain cavern setting of tunnel in cold regions
Calculating formula of length.
The step 1 tunnel portal solar radiation index calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, IθFor tunnel portal solar radiation index；IDθFor tunnel portal beam radia intensity；IdθFor Tunnel
Mouth solar scattered radiation intensity；IRθThe ground return radiation intensity obtained for tunnel portal；IDNFor normal direction intensity of solar radiation,
Refer to the beam radia intensity of sunray normal direction, IDN=I0×Pm, I0For solar constant, P is atmosphere coefficient of transparency, m
For air quality,H is solar elevation；I is solar incident angle, cosi=cos θ sinh+sin θ coshcos
(α-γ), γ are inclined-plane azimuth；α is solar azimuth；IDHFor horizontal direction beam radia intensity, IDH=IDNsinh
=I0Pmsinh；IdHFor horizontal direction solar scattered radiation intensityθ is tunnel portal
The inclination angle of place slope surface；ρGThe Reflectivity for Growing Season of slope surface where tunnel；IhFor the total radiation intensity of horizontal direction,
The solar radiation of the step 1 tunnel portal is by sunray incidence angle, landform, cloud amount, hole mima type microrelief etc.
The influence of factor.The website that China directly measures solar radiation is less, and many areas are needed there is no the observation of solar radiation
It calculates and obtains indirectly, thus need to select form simple in calculating, the few solar radiation of undetermined parameter calculates model.To simplify meter
Calculation process, the present invention carry out assignment to Partial Variable when calculating solar radiation index, in which: solar azimuth α is 0, when referring to
Solar azimuth when quarter is 12；P atmosphere coefficient of transparency is 0.722；The Reflectivity for Growing Season ρ of slope surface where tunnelGIt is 0.2；Too
Positive constant I0Take 1.
The step 2 is using tunnel portal solar radiation index, the most cold monthly mean temperature in hole as independent variable, and China is
It builds up the drainage channel icing length for being located at the actual measurement of severe cold area railway tunnel and corresponding cold-proof drain cavern setting length is made
For dependent variable, it is as follows to draft nonlinear multivariable equation form；
Wherein, T is the most cold monthly mean temperature in hole；IθFor tunnel portal solar radiation index；L is Railway Tunnel
Freeze injury length；A, b, c are preset parameter to be returned, and d is convergence control coefrficient to be returned.
The step 3 carries out Multiple Non Linear Regression using wheat quart method (Levenberg-Marquardt), calculates
To nonlinear multivariable surface equation preset parameter undetermined and convergence control coefrficient to be returned, and then obtain tunnel in cold regions
Cold-proof drain cavern setting calculating formula of length is as follows:
The calculated result of the cold-proof drain cavern setting calculating formula of length of the tunnel in cold regions is established in tunnel portal
On the basis of most cold monthly mean temperature, solar radiation index.The cold-proof drain cavern setting length of tunnel in cold regions is also by other
The influence of factor, when introducing, hole mima type microrelief, underground water development degree, road gradient in highway tunnel, natural wind direction, wind speed, train driving are fast
When other influence factors such as degree, needs to increase above-mentioned independent variable in step 2, draft nonlinear multivariable equation form again, and
Increase preset parameter to be returned in step 3, re-start Multiple Non Linear Regression:
Wherein, m1m2...mnFor influence tunnel in cold regions cold-proof drain cavern, the calculated result of calculating formula of length is set
Other factors, include but are not limited to tunnel portal mima type microrelief, underground water development degree, road gradient in highway tunnel, natural wind direction, wind speed,
Train running speed.For calculating process, indicate each influence factor to the influence mode of calculated result.
The fit procedure of the cold-proof drain cavern setting calculating formula of length of tunnel in cold regions is established to be completed in China
Positioned at the drainage channel icing length of severe cold area railway tunnel actual measurement and the basis of corresponding cold-proof drain cavern setting length
On, tunnel location is in the northwest China area lower region of High aititude temperature, other tunnel in cold regions such as China northeast
Applicability needs further demonstration；
It is limited by field data, the cold-proof drain cavern setting calculating formula of length of tunnel in cold regions is only applicable to tunnel portal
Most cold monthly mean temperature needs to be arranged the tunnel of cold-proof drain cavern between -7.55 DEG C to -18.0 DEG C, most cold monthly average gas
Temperature needs further verifying lower than the adaptability of -18.0 DEG C of tunnel portals.
A kind of calculation method for the cold-proof drain cavern setting length in tunnel in cold regions hole of the present invention, for
The characteristics of tunnel portal, the azimuth of slope surface where tunnel portal, slope surface three influence factors of natural grade and geographic latitude
The solar radiation index for calculating tunnel portal, evaluates the solar radiation size that tunnel portal receives.Analyze Tunnel
Mouth solar radiation index, the most cold monthly mean temperature in hole freeze to the drainage channel of cold or severe cold area railway tunnel actual measurement and grow
The influence of degree and corresponding heat preservation ditch setting length, has drafted nonlinear multivariable surface equation form, by polynary non-thread
Property return, propose tunnel in cold regions cold-proof drain cavern setting calculating formula of length.The present invention overcomes prior art contrapositions
In the cold-proof drain cavern in tunnel in cold regions hole setting length is without law theory qualitative and quantitative analysis the shortcomings that, proposes to have and be directed to
Property calculation method, improve the accuracy of tunnel in cold regions hole cold-proof drain cavern setting length computation.
The contents of the present invention are not limited to cited by embodiment, and those of ordinary skill in the art are by reading description of the invention
And to any equivalent transformation that technical solution of the present invention is taken, all are covered by the claims of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. being used for the calculation method of the cold-proof drain cavern length in tunnel in cold regions hole, it is characterised in that:
The following steps are included:
Step 1: tunnel portal solar radiation impact analysis:
The solar radiation condition for being located at cold and tunnel in cold regions hole is analyzed, slope surface where tunnel portal is passed through
Three azimuth, the natural grade of slope surface and geographic latitude influence factors, are calculated the solar radiation index of tunnel portal；
Step 2: equation form is drafted:
Using tunnel portal solar radiation index, the most cold monthly mean temperature in hole as independent variable, it is completed and is located at severe cold area iron
The drainage channel icing length of road tunnel actual measurement and corresponding cold-proof drain cavern setting length are drafted polynary non-as dependent variable
Linear surface equation form；
Step 3: Multiple Non Linear Regression:
Nonlinear multivariable surface equation preset parameter undetermined and convergence control coefrficient to be returned is calculated, to polynary non-thread
Property surface equation matched, obtain tunnel in cold regions cold-proof drain cavern setting calculating formula of length.
2. the calculation method according to claim 1 for the cold-proof drain cavern length in tunnel in cold regions hole, feature
It is:
Tunnel portal solar radiation index calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, IθFor tunnel portal solar radiation index；IDθFor tunnel portal beam radia intensity；IdθToo for tunnel portal
Sun scattering radiation intensity；IRθThe ground return radiation intensity obtained for tunnel portal；IDNFor normal direction intensity of solar radiation, refer to too
The beam radia intensity of sunlight line normal direction, IDN=I0×Pm, I0For solar constant, P is atmosphere coefficient of transparency, and m is big
Makings amount,H is solar elevation；I is solar incident angle, cosi=cos θ sinh+sin θ coshcos (α-
γ), γ is inclined-plane azimuth；α is solar azimuth；IDHFor horizontal direction beam radia intensity, IDH=IDNSinh=
I0Pmsinh；IdHFor horizontal direction solar scattered radiation intensityθ is tunnel portal institute
At the inclination angle of slope surface；ρGThe Reflectivity for Growing Season of slope surface where tunnel；IhFor the total radiation intensity of horizontal direction,
3. the calculation method according to claim 2 for the cold-proof drain cavern length in tunnel in cold regions hole, feature
It is:
Assignment is carried out to Partial Variable when calculating solar radiation index, in which: solar azimuth α is 0, when referring to constantly as 12
Solar azimuth；P atmosphere coefficient of transparency is 0.722；The Reflectivity for Growing Season ρ of slope surface where tunnelGIt is 0.2；Solar constant I0Take 1.
4. the calculation method according to claim 3 for the cold-proof drain cavern length in tunnel in cold regions hole, feature
It is:
In step 2, using tunnel portal solar radiation index, the most cold monthly mean temperature in hole as independent variable, it is completed and is located at sternly
The drainage channel icing length of cold district railway tunnel actual measurement and corresponding cold-proof drain cavern setting length are intended as dependent variable
It is as follows to determine nonlinear multivariable equation form；
Wherein, T is the most cold monthly mean temperature in hole；IθFor tunnel portal solar radiation index；L is the freeze injury of Railway Tunnel
Length；A, b, c are preset parameter to be returned, and d is convergence control coefrficient to be returned.
5. the calculation method according to claim 4 for the cold-proof drain cavern length in tunnel in cold regions hole, feature
It is:
In step 3, Multiple Non Linear Regression is carried out using wheat quart method, it is undetermined that nonlinear multivariable surface equation is calculated
Preset parameter and convergence control coefrficient to be returned, and then obtain the cold-proof drain cavern setting calculating formula of length of tunnel in cold regions
It is as follows:
6. the calculation method according to claim 5 for the cold-proof drain cavern length in tunnel in cold regions hole, feature
It is:
The calculated result of the cold-proof drain cavern setting calculating formula of length of the tunnel in cold regions is established most cold in tunnel portal
On the basis of monthly mean temperature, solar radiation index；The cold-proof drain cavern setting length of tunnel in cold regions is also by other factors
Influence, when introducing hole mima type microrelief, underground water development degree, road gradient in highway tunnel, natural wind direction, wind speed, train running speed
When other influence factors, needs to increase above-mentioned independent variable in step 2, draft nonlinear multivariable equation form again, and in step
Increase preset parameter to be returned in rapid three, re-start Multiple Non Linear Regression:
Wherein, m1m2...mnFor influence tunnel in cold regions cold-proof drain cavern, the other of the calculated result of calculating formula of length are set
Factor includes but are not limited to tunnel portal mima type microrelief, underground water development degree, road gradient in highway tunnel, natural wind direction, wind speed, train
Travel speed；For calculating process, indicate each influence factor to the influence mode of calculated result.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103410563A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-11-27 | 同济大学 | Cold-proof draining tunnel |
| US20180252454A1 (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2018-09-06 | Ice Castles, Llc | Apparatus and methods for constructing ice structures |
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- 2018-09-21 CN CN201811107580.9A patent/CN109214102B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103410563A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-11-27 | 同济大学 | Cold-proof draining tunnel |
| US20180252454A1 (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2018-09-06 | Ice Castles, Llc | Apparatus and methods for constructing ice structures |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 朱国伟: "寒冷及严寒地区铁路隧道防排水设计探讨", 《铁道工程学报》 * |
| 王英学: "高寒地区高速铁路隧道空气动力学与隧道防冻耦合特性研究", 《学术动态》 * |
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