CN109209353B - Device and method for determining distance and direction between wells in drilling process of oil and gas wells - Google Patents
Device and method for determining distance and direction between wells in drilling process of oil and gas wells Download PDFInfo
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- CN109209353B CN109209353B CN201710534063.9A CN201710534063A CN109209353B CN 109209353 B CN109209353 B CN 109209353B CN 201710534063 A CN201710534063 A CN 201710534063A CN 109209353 B CN109209353 B CN 109209353B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/09—Locating or determining the position of objects in boreholes or wells, e.g. the position of an extending arm; Identifying the free or blocked portions of pipes
- E21B47/092—Locating or determining the position of objects in boreholes or wells, e.g. the position of an extending arm; Identifying the free or blocked portions of pipes by detecting magnetic anomalies
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
- E21B47/024—Determining slope or direction of devices in the borehole
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for determining inter-well distance and direction in the drilling process of an oil-gas well, belonging to the field of oil-gas field exploration and development. The device includes: the device comprises a magnetic field excitation instrument and a matched device, wherein the matched device comprises an MWD instrument and a data processing system; the positive pole of the magnetic field excitation instrument is connected with the first oil-gas well through a lead, and the negative pole of the magnetic field excitation instrument is connected with the sleeve string of the second oil-gas well through a lead; the MWD instrument is positioned in a drill string of the first oil and gas well; the MWD instrument is connected with a data processing system. According to the invention, in the drilling process of the first oil-gas well, direct current is loaded on the casing string of the second oil-gas well through the magnetic field excitation instrument to generate an additional electromagnetic field, so that the MWD instrument can measure the intensity of the electromagnetic field generated by the casing string in advance, the interwell distance and the direction between the first oil-gas well and the second oil-gas well are further determined, and the engineering accident caused by collision due to the fact that the interwell distance between the first oil-gas well and the second oil-gas well is relatively short is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil and gas field exploration and development, in particular to a device and a method for determining inter-well distance and direction in the drilling process of an oil and gas well.
Background
In the field of exploration and development of oil and gas fields, the number of oil and gas wells drilled in each year exceeds ten thousands, most of the oil and gas wells are directional wells with directions and displacements, and after years of development, the underground well networks of the large oil and gas fields in China are distributed in a high density mode. However, during the drilling of a first well, which is the well being drilled, due to the height distribution of the underground well pattern, an engineering accident often occurs in which a drill bit (or centralizer) for drilling the first well collides with the casing of a second well, which is the production well closer to the first well, causing the casing to be damaged and directly resulting in the abandonment of the second well.
Two collision prevention methods are commonly used for directional well drilling construction at home and abroad aiming at the collision prevention drilling operation of a normal drilling well and an adjacent cased well. One is mathematical model, track space distance calculation method, and the other is well drilling down-hole abnormal static magnetic field analysis method. The former uses software to calculate the nearest space distance between two wells, and because the influence factors of measurement and calculation errors are more, the error value is larger, and the current safe drilling construction cannot be satisfied; the latter is an abnormal static magnetic field analysis method, and utilizes MWD measurement while drilling instrument in the drill string to measure the abnormal magnetic field every time a specific well section is drilled, and because the magnetic material contained in the casing is limited, when the abnormal casing static magnetic field value is measured, the drill bit (or centralizer) of the first oil-gas well and the casing of the second oil-gas well are collided or are very close to each other, and the first oil-gas well has no room for adjusting the direction, so that said method can not completely meet the requirements for drilling collision prevention.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the related technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides a device and a method for determining the distance and the direction between wells in the drilling process of an oil and gas well. The technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, there is provided an apparatus for determining interwell distance and direction during drilling of an oil or gas well, the apparatus comprising: the system comprises a magnetic field excitation instrument and a matching device, wherein the matching device comprises a Measurement While Drilling (MWD) instrument and a data processing system, the magnetic field excitation instrument can respectively load direct current on a casing string of a plurality of adjacent oil and gas production wells when the direct current is switched on, so that the casing string generates an additional electromagnetic field, and the direct current loading on the casing string is stopped when the direct current is switched off, so that the additional electromagnetic field generated by the casing string disappears, wherein the additional electromagnetic field is an electromagnetic field generated by the casing string due to the direct current loading;
wherein before drilling an oil and gas well, acquiring anti-collision data of a plurality of adjacent oil and gas production wells which may collide with the drilling oil and gas well, during the drilling of the oil and gas well, when the oil and gas well is about to collide with any adjacent oil and gas production well of the plurality of adjacent oil and gas production wells, the magnetic field excitation instrument can load direct current on the casing string of the adjacent oil and gas production well, so that the casing string generates an additional electromagnetic field, the MWD instrument can detect abnormal magnetic field intensity in advance, further, the data processing system determines the distance and the direction of the anti-collision well and then adjusts the direction of the drill bit in time to avoid collision with the adjacent well, when the drill bit of the oil and gas well is far away from the adjacent oil and gas production well, the direct current of the magnetic field excitation instrument is cut off, the direct current is stopped to be loaded to the casing string, and the additional electromagnetic field of the casing string disappears;
the positive pole of the magnetic field excitation instrument is connected with a first oil and gas well through a lead, the negative pole of the magnetic field excitation instrument is connected with a casing string of a second oil and gas well through a lead, so that in the drilling process of the first oil and gas well, high-strength direct current is loaded on the casing string of the second oil and gas well through the magnetic field excitation instrument, the casing string of the second oil and gas well generates an additional electromagnetic field, the first oil and gas well is an oil and gas well which is being drilled, and the second oil and gas well is an oil and gas production well which is adjacent to the first oil and gas well;
the MWD instrument is positioned in a drill string of the first oil-gas well, so that an electromagnetic field generated by loaded direct current on the second oil-gas well casing string is measured through the MWD instrument, and an abnormal magnetic field intensity is obtained, wherein the abnormal magnetic field intensity is a magnetic field intensity larger than a local standard earth magnetic field intensity;
the MWD appearance with data processing system connects to based on abnormal magnetic field intensity, through data processing system confirms first oil gas well with interwell distance and direction between the second oil gas well.
The magnetic field excitation instrument adopts three input alternating currents, and the alternating currents are converted into direct currents through frequency conversion and then output;
the high-intensity direct current means that the current intensity of the direct current is more than 40 amperes.
In a second aspect, there is provided a method of determining interwell distance and direction during drilling of an oil or gas well, the method comprising:
when the magnetic field excitation instrument is electrified in the process of drilling the first oil and gas well, the magnetic field excitation instrument loads direct current on the second oil and gas well casing string, so that an additional electromagnetic field is generated, and the MWD instrument can measure the strength of the abnormal electromagnetic field in advance (the MWD detection range is increased from 1-2 meters to 4-6 meters);
when the MWD instrument obtains the abnormal magnetic field intensity generated by the casing string of the second oil-gas well, the abnormal magnetic field intensity is sent to the data processing system;
the data processing system receives the abnormal magnetic field intensity and determines the distance and the direction between the first oil and gas well and the second oil and gas well based on the abnormal magnetic field intensity.
Optionally, the method of determining the interwell distance between the first and second wells may be:
analyzing and determining through the established relation template curve between the abnormal magnetic field intensity and the distance between wells; specifically, the inter-well distance and direction between the first oil and gas well and the second oil and gas well can be determined by an insertion method from a target relation template curve, or the magnetic positioning collision prevention software is adopted to correct, calculate and process three-component parameters of the abnormal magnetic field to invert and reduce the orientation and distance of the magnetic source, so that the inter-well distance between the first oil and gas well and the second oil and gas well is determined.
The first oil and gas well is drilling oil and gas well, the second oil and gas well is with the adjacent oil and gas production well of first oil and gas well.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: in the embodiment of the invention, when the magnetic field excitation instrument is electrified, the anode of the magnetic field excitation instrument, the well head of the first oil-gas well, the cathode of the first oil-gas well and the sleeve string of the second oil-gas well are connected to form a current loop with the magnetic field excitation instrument, and then direct current is loaded on the sleeve of the second oil-gas well through the magnetic field excitation instrument, so that an electromagnetic field generated by the sleeve string of the second oil-gas well is far larger than a static magnetic field generated by the sleeve string of the second oil-gas well, the MWD instrument can measure the electromagnetic field at a farther distance, the relative position between the first oil-gas well and the second oil-gas well is further determined, and the advancing direction of a drill bit is adjusted in time to avoid engineering accidents caused by collision because the closer distance between the first oil-gas well and the second oil-gas well.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first apparatus for determining distance and direction between wells during drilling of an oil or gas well according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second apparatus for determining distance and direction between wells during drilling of an oil or gas well according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a first method for determining interwell distance and direction during drilling of an oil or gas well according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a plot of the distance relationship between the trajectory of a first well and a second well in the Tianjin area provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the difference in the abnormal magnetic field strength in each direction of the first oil and gas well and the distance between wells when the petroleum casing in the Tianjin area is loaded with 50 amperes of direct current provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1: a magnetic field excitation instrument; 2: an MWD instrument; 3: a data processing system; 4: a first oil and gas well; 5: a second oil and gas well; 6: a pulse generator; 7: a pressure transmitter; 8: a third oil and gas well.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for determining interwell distance and direction during drilling of an oil and gas well according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, the apparatus includes: the magnetic field excitation instrument 1 is used for loading direct current to a casing string of an adjacent oil and gas production well when the direct current is switched on so as to enable the casing string to generate an additional electromagnetic field, and stopping loading the direct current to the casing string when the direct current is switched off so as to enable the additional electromagnetic field generated by the casing string to disappear.
The positive pole of the magnetic field excitation instrument 1 is connected with the first oil-gas well 4 through a lead, the negative pole of the magnetic field excitation instrument 1 is connected with the casing of the second oil-gas well 5 through a lead, so that in the drilling process of the first oil-gas well 4, the magnetic field excitation instrument 1 loads direct current on the casing string of the second oil-gas well 5, the casing string of the second oil-gas well 5 generates an additional electromagnetic field, the first oil-gas well 4 is an oil-gas well which is being drilled, and the second oil-gas well 5 is an oil-gas production well which is adjacent to the first oil-gas well 4.
The MWD instrument 2 is positioned in a drill string of the first oil-gas well 4, so that an electromagnetic field generated by loaded direct current on a casing string of the second oil-gas well 5 is measured through the MWD instrument 2, and an abnormal magnetic field intensity is obtained, wherein the abnormal magnetic field intensity is larger than the magnetic field intensity of a local standard earth magnetic field intensity;
the MWD tool 2 is connected to the data processing system 3 to determine the interwell distance and direction between the first 4 and second 5 wells by the data processing system 3 based on the abnormal magnetic field strength.
Wherein, before the first oil and gas well 4 is drilled, a plurality of second oil and gas wells 5 which are possibly collided with the first oil and gas well 4 are determined, during the drilling of the first well 4, if the first well 4 collides with any one of the plurality of second wells 5, then the magnetic field excitation instrument 1 loads high-intensity direct current to the casing string of the second oil-gas well 5, so that the casing string of the second oil-gas well 5 generates an additional electromagnetic field, the MWD instrument can detect the strength of the abnormal electromagnetic field in advance, the data processing system determines the distance and direction of the anti-collision well and then adjusts the direction of the drill bit in time to avoid collision with the adjacent well, when the drill bit of the first oil and gas well 4 is far away from the second oil and gas well 5, the direct current of the magnetic field excitation instrument 1 is cut off, the direct current loading on the casing string of the second oil and gas well 5 is stopped, and the additional electromagnetic field generated by the casing string disappears. The operation is repeated while the first well continues to be drilled if there is a possible collision with another well.
In summary, in the embodiment of the present invention, when the magnetic field excitation instrument 1 is powered on, a current loop is formed between the positive electrode of the magnetic field excitation instrument 1, the casing string of the first oil-gas well 4 and the second oil-gas well 5, and the negative electrode of the magnetic field excitation instrument 1, and then high-intensity direct current is loaded on the casing string of the second oil-gas well 5 through the magnetic field excitation instrument 1, so that the casing string of the second oil-gas well 5 generates an electromagnetic field, then the MWD instrument 2 measures the electromagnetic field generated by the casing string of the second oil-gas well 5, and the data processing system 3 receives the abnormal magnetic field strength obtained by the MWD instrument 2, and determines the inter-well distance and direction between the first oil-gas well 4 and the second oil-gas well 5 based on the abnormal magnetic field strength. Due to the direct current loaded on the casing string of the second oil-gas well 5, an electromagnetic field generated by the casing string of the second oil-gas well 5 is far larger than a static magnetic field generated by the casing string of the second oil-gas well 5, so that the MWD instrument 2 can measure the abnormal electromagnetic field in advance, the inter-well distance and the direction between the first oil-gas well 4 and the second oil-gas well 5 are further determined, the advancing direction of a drill bit is adjusted in time, and the engineering accident caused by collision due to the fact that the inter-well distance between the first oil-gas well 4 and the second oil-gas well 5 is relatively short is avoided.
The magnetic field excitation instrument 1 is connected with an external power supply, the external power supply is three-phase alternating current, and the input alternating current is converted into safe direct current through a rectification module and a voltage stabilizing module in the magnetic field excitation instrument and is output.
Since the dc current output by the magnetic field excitation device 1 can be applied to the casing string of the second well 5, in order to make the electromagnetic field generated by the casing string of the second well 5 larger than the static magnetic field generated by the casing string of the second well 5 itself so that the MWD tool 2 can measure the abnormal electromagnetic field in advance, the dc current applied to the second well 5 is typically a current greater than a preset value, which can be set empirically in advance, for example, a current of 50 amperes.
In practical applications, in order to ensure that the second oil and gas well 5 is at a certain depth, the electromagnetic field generated by the applied direct current is enough to be measured by the MWD tool 2 in advance, and the direct current output by the magnetic field excitation tool 1 needs to be adjusted. In one possible implementation, the magnetic field excitation apparatus 1 may include a voltage knob and a resistance knob, and the output current of the magnetic field excitation apparatus 1 may be increased or decreased by adjusting the voltage knob or the resistance knob.
For example, in order to increase the output current of the magnetic field excitation instrument 1, so that the MWD instrument 2 can measure the electromagnetic field generated by the second oil and gas well 5 in advance, the voltage or resistance can be increased or decreased by adjusting the voltage knob or resistance knob of the magnetic field excitation instrument 1, and then the dc current output by the magnetic field excitation instrument 1 is increased, so as to increase the dc current loaded on the second oil and gas well 5, and thus enhance the additional electromagnetic field generated by the second oil and gas well 5.
As shown in fig. 1, when the MWD tool 2 transmits a signal via mud pulses, the apparatus may further include a pulse generator 6 and a pressure sensor 7; the pulse generator 6 is positioned in the first oil-gas well 4, and the pulse generator 6 is connected with the MWD instrument 2 so as to obtain the abnormal magnetic field intensity measured by the MWD instrument 2, convert the abnormal magnetic field intensity into a pressure pulse signal and transmit the pressure pulse signal; the pressure sensor 7 is connected with the data processing system 3 to detect the pressure pulse signal transmitted by the pulse generator 6 and send the pressure pulse signal to the data processing system 3, and the interwell distance and the direction between the first oil and gas well and the second oil and gas well are determined by the data processing system 3.
Specifically, when the data processing system 3 receives the pressure pulse signal transmitted by the pressure sensor 7, the data processing system 3 may perform decoding processing on the pressure pulse signal. The pressure pulse signal is decoded to obtain the abnormal magnetic field intensity obtained by measuring the electromagnetic field generated by the second oil and gas well 5 by the MWD instrument 2, the difference between the abnormal magnetic field intensity and the local standard earth magnetic field intensity is determined as the abnormal magnetic field intensity difference, and the inter-well distance and the direction between the first oil and gas well 4 and the second oil and gas well 5 are analyzed and determined through the established relation template curve between the abnormal magnetic field intensity difference and the inter-well distance. The standard earth magnetic field intensity refers to the standard earth magnetic field intensity of an oil and gas well in a certain region.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the data processing system determines the inter-well distance and direction between the first oil-gas well 4 and the second oil-gas well 5 according to the abnormal magnetic field intensity, the abnormal magnetic field intensity can be corrected by adopting magnetic positioning anti-collision software to invert and reduce the true position and distance of the magnetic source, so that the inter-well distance and position between the first oil-gas well and the second oil-gas well are determined.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the positive pole of the magnetic field excitation instrument 1 is connected with the casing string of the second oil and gas well 5 through a lead, and the negative pole of the magnetic field excitation instrument 1 is connected with the casing string of the third oil and gas well 8 through a lead, so that direct current is loaded on the casing string of the second oil and gas well 5 and the casing string of the third oil and gas well 8 through the magnetic field excitation instrument 1, and electromagnetic fields are generated on the casing string of the second oil and gas well 5 and the casing string of the third oil and gas well 8. The second 5 and third 8 wells are oil and gas production wells adjacent to the first 4 well, the first 4 well being drilled.
As described in the above embodiment, in order to avoid an engineering accident caused by a collision, the MWD instrument 2 may detect an electromagnetic field of the second oil and gas well 5 or the third oil and gas well 8, and when an abnormal magnetic field strength is detected, the detected abnormal magnetic field strength may be measured to obtain the abnormal magnetic field strength, and the abnormal magnetic field strength is transmitted to the data processing system 3, and the data processing system 3 determines an inter-well distance and a direction between the first oil and gas well 4 and the second oil and gas well 5 or the third oil and gas well 8 based on the abnormal magnetic field strength.
The method for determining the interwell distance and direction between the first 4 and the second 5 or third 8 hydrocarbon well may be as described above.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for determining interwell distance during drilling of an oil or gas well according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 3, the method includes:
step 301: when the magnetic field excitation instrument is electrified in the process of drilling the first oil and gas well, the magnetic field excitation instrument loads direct current on the second oil and gas well casing string.
When the interwell distance of an oil and gas well is determined, because magnetic substances contained in a casing of the oil and gas well are limited, the magnetic field intensity of a static magnetic field of the casing is weaker, when the MWD measures an abnormal static magnetic field value generated by the casing, the first oil and gas well is close to the second oil and gas well, and the adjustment of the drill bit direction and the inclination angle of the first oil and gas well is not facilitated.
In practical applications, in order to ensure that the electromagnetic field generated by the second oil and gas well is strong enough to be measured by the MWD tool in advance, the dc output from the magnetic field excitation tool needs to be adjusted. In a possible implementation manner, the magnetic field excitation instrument can adjust the output direct current of the magnetic field excitation instrument through adjusting a voltage knob or adjusting a resistance knob.
Step 302: the MWD instrument measures an additional electromagnetic field generated by loading direct current to obtain an abnormal magnetic field intensity and sends the abnormal magnetic field intensity to a data processing system.
In order to avoid engineering accidents caused by collision, the MWD instrument can detect the electromagnetic field generated by the second oil-gas well, and when the abnormal electromagnetic field is detected, the detected electromagnetic field can be measured to obtain the abnormal magnetic field intensity, and the abnormal magnetic field intensity is sent to the data processing system.
In a possible implementation manner, when the MWD apparatus transmits a signal through mud pulse, the apparatus further includes a pulse generator and a pressure sensor, and at this time, the specific implementation process of sending the acquired abnormal magnetic field strength to the data processing system by the MWD apparatus may be: the pulse generator can acquire the abnormal magnetic field intensity measured by the MWD instrument, convert the abnormal magnetic field intensity into a pressure pulse signal and transmit the pressure pulse signal; when the pressure sensor detects the pressure pulse signal emitted by the pulse generator, the pressure pulse signal is sent to a data processing system.
Step 303: the data processing system receives the abnormal magnetic field strength and determines the interwell distance and direction between the first oil and gas well and the second oil and gas well based on the abnormal magnetic field strength.
And when the data processing system receives the abnormal magnetic field intensity, the abnormal magnetic field intensity is used as the measured abnormal magnetic field intensity, the difference value between the measured abnormal magnetic field intensity and the local area standard earth magnetic field intensity is determined as the abnormal magnetic field intensity difference value, and the inter-well distance and the direction between the first oil gas well and the second oil gas well are determined from the predetermined relation template curves between the abnormal magnetic field intensity difference values in multiple directions and the inter-well distance on the basis of the abnormal magnetic field intensity difference value.
Specifically, the inter-well distance between the first oil-gas well 4 and the second oil-gas well 5 can be determined by an interpolation method from a target relation template curve, and of course, the magnetic positioning anti-collision software in the related technology can also be used for correcting, calculating and processing the abnormal magnetic field intensity difference value to invert and reduce the magnetic source direction and the inter-well distance between the first oil-gas well and the second oil-gas well. Wherein, the magnetic source orientation refers to the coordinate parameter of the first oil and gas well relative to the second oil and gas well.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the magnetic field excitation instrument is electrified, a current loop is formed among the anode of the magnetic field excitation instrument, the casing strings of the first oil-gas well and the second oil-gas well and the cathode of the magnetic field excitation instrument, and then direct current is loaded on the casing string of the second oil-gas well through the magnetic field excitation instrument, so that an electromagnetic field generated by the casing string of the second oil-gas well is far larger than a static magnetic field generated by the casing string of the second oil-gas well, the MWD instrument can measure the abnormal magnetic field intensity in advance, the interwell distance and the direction between the first oil-gas well and the second oil-gas well are further determined, and the engineering accident caused by collision because the interwell distance between the first oil-gas well and the second oil-gas well is relatively short is avoided.
After explaining the method for determining the distance and the direction between wells in the drilling process of the oil and gas wells, the method provided by the embodiment of the invention is applied to the determination of the distance and the direction between wells in the drilling process of the Tianjin area for facilitating understanding. Next, the determination of the interwell distance in the drilling process in the Tianjin area will be described.
As shown in figure 4, the well A is a first oil and gas well, the well B is a second oil and gas production well adjacent to the first oil and gas well, and a measuring point of the first oil and gas well is determined to be positioned in the southwest direction of a casing string of the second oil and gas well by MWD measurement data. In order to determine the interwell distance between the first oil and gas well and the second oil and gas well, direct current can be loaded on a casing string of the second oil and gas well, so that engineering accidents caused by collision of the first oil and gas well and the second oil and gas well are avoided.
In order to make the electromagnetic field generated by the casing string of the second oil and gas well large enough so that the MWD instrument can measure in advance, the direct current output by the magnetic field excitation instrument can be adjusted to make the direct current loaded on the casing string of the second oil and gas well reach 50 amperes, the MWD instrument is adopted to measure the electromagnetic field generated by the casing string of the second oil and gas well every 5 meters of drilling of the first oil and gas well, and the obtained abnormal magnetic field strength is transmitted to the data processing system in a mud pulse mode, the data processing system determines the difference value between the abnormal magnetic field strength and the local standard earth magnetic field strength to obtain the abnormal magnetic field strength, and further determines the inter-well distance and direction between the first oil and gas well and the second oil and gas well according to the abnormal magnetic field strength difference value, as shown in fig. 4, when the well depth of the first oil and gas well is 230 meters, 260 meters, 320 meters, 350 meters, 380 meters and the like, are all located in the southwest direction of the second oil and gas well.
As shown in fig. 5, the relationship curves of the abnormal magnetic field strength and the inter-well distance in the true east direction, the northeast direction, the southeast direction, the northwest direction and the true west direction of the tianjin region can be empirically determined in advance, after the direction relationship between the first oil and gas well and the second oil and gas well is determined by the MWD instrument, the curve corresponding to the direction can be selected from the previously determined relationship curves of the abnormal magnetic field strength and the inter-well distance in each direction of the oil and gas well, and the inter-well distance between the first oil and gas well and the second oil and gas well can be determined by an interpolation method from the selected curves according to the determined abnormal magnetic field strength. Therefore, referring to fig. 5, the interwell distance between the first oil and gas well and the second oil and gas well can be determined through the relation curve of the electromagnetic field abnormal value in the southwest direction and the interwell distance, so as to obtain the relation between the well depth of the first oil and gas well and the interwell distance between the corresponding first oil and gas well and the second oil and gas well as shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
Referring to table 1, when the well depth of the first oil and gas well is 322.4 meters, the inter-well distance between the first oil and gas well and the second oil and gas well is calculated to be 6 meters; similarly, the well distance between the first oil-gas well and the second oil-gas well is 1.5 meters when the well depth is 331 meters. In order to prevent collision with a second oil and gas well, aiming at a first oil and gas well, the direction of an underground drill bit is adjusted through a directional deflecting tool, the well is drilled through an adjusting track of about 20 meters, when the distance between the first oil and gas well and a B well is 2 meters when the distance between the first oil and gas well reaches 350 meters, the underground adjustment effect is achieved, when the distance between the first oil and gas well and the B well reaches 4 meters after the first oil and gas well is drilled to 364.9 meters, the underground distance is analyzed through measurement, at the moment, after no collision prevention risk is determined, the well drilling with the direction adjustment is stopped, and the well is drilled in a normal well drilling mode along the direction of the adjusted drill bit.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (3)
1. An apparatus for determining interwell distance and direction during drilling of an oil or gas well, the apparatus comprising: the system comprises a magnetic field excitation instrument and a matching device, wherein the matching device comprises a MWD (measurement while drilling) instrument and a data processing system, the magnetic field excitation instrument can load direct current to a casing string of an adjacent oil and gas production well when the direct current is switched on, so that the casing string generates an additional electromagnetic field, and the direct current is stopped being loaded to the casing string when the direct current is switched off, so that the additional electromagnetic field generated by the casing string disappears;
the positive pole of the magnetic field excitation instrument is connected with a first oil and gas well through a lead, the negative pole of the magnetic field excitation instrument is connected with a casing string of a second oil and gas well through a lead, so that in the drilling process of the first oil and gas well, direct current is loaded on the casing string of the second oil and gas well through the magnetic field excitation instrument, the casing string of the second oil and gas well generates an additional electromagnetic field, the first oil and gas well is an oil and gas well which is being drilled, and the second oil and gas well is an oil and gas production well adjacent to the first oil and gas well; wherein the magnetic field excitation instrument comprises a voltage knob and a resistance knob for increasing or decreasing an output current of the magnetic field excitation instrument;
the MWD instrument is positioned in a drill string of the first oil-gas well, so that an electromagnetic field generated by loaded direct current on a casing string of the second oil-gas well is measured through the MWD instrument to obtain abnormal magnetic field intensity, wherein the abnormal magnetic field intensity is greater than the magnetic field intensity of a local area standard earth magnetic field intensity;
the MWD appearance with data processing system connects, in order to be based on unusual magnetic field intensity, through data processing system confirms first oil and gas well with interwell distance and direction between the second oil and gas well, wherein based on unusual magnetic field intensity confirms first oil and gas well with interwell distance and direction between the second oil and gas well include: determining the difference value between the abnormal electromagnetic field intensity and the local standard earth magnetic field intensity as the abnormal magnetic field intensity difference value; and determining the interwell distance and direction between the first oil and gas well and the second oil and gas well by an insertion method from the predetermined relation template curve between the abnormal magnetic field strength difference values in multiple directions and the interwell distance based on the abnormal magnetic field strength difference values.
2. The apparatus for determining interwell distance and direction during drilling of oil and gas wells of claim 1, further comprising: a pulse generator and a pressure sensor;
the pulse generator is positioned in the first oil-gas well and connected with the MWD instrument so as to obtain the abnormal magnetic field intensity measured by the MWD instrument, convert the abnormal magnetic field intensity into a pressure pulse signal and transmit the pressure pulse signal;
the pressure sensor with data processing system connects, in order to detect the pressure pulse signal of pulser transmission, and will pressure pulse signal sends for data processing system, by data processing system determines first oil gas well with interwell distance and direction between the second oil gas well.
3. A method for determining interwell distance and direction during drilling of oil and gas wells based on the device for determining interwell distance and direction during drilling of oil and gas wells according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method comprises:
when the magnetic field excitation instrument is electrified in the process of drilling the first oil and gas well, the magnetic field excitation instrument loads direct current on the second oil and gas well casing string;
the MWD instrument measures an additional electromagnetic field generated by loading the direct current to obtain an abnormal magnetic field intensity, and sends the abnormal magnetic field intensity to the data processing system;
the data processing system receives the abnormal magnetic field strength and determines the inter-well distance and direction between the first oil and gas well and the second oil and gas well based on the abnormal magnetic field strength;
determining the interwell distance and direction between the first oil and gas well and the second oil and gas well based on the abnormal magnetic field strength, including:
determining the difference value between the abnormal electromagnetic field intensity and the local standard earth magnetic field intensity as the abnormal magnetic field intensity difference value;
and determining the interwell distance and direction between the first oil and gas well and the second oil and gas well by an insertion method from the predetermined relation template curve between the abnormal magnetic field strength difference values in multiple directions and the interwell distance based on the abnormal magnetic field strength difference values.
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| CN112922584B (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2022-12-09 | 中海油田服务股份有限公司 | Adjacent well detection device, method and system |
| CN113107472B (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2022-12-20 | 京鸿石油钻采工程技术有限公司 | Active magnetic distance measuring device and method suitable for well drilling collision prevention |
| CN114876396B (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2024-02-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Old well casing out-windowing method, old well treatment method and related tools |
| CN117027764B (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2024-02-09 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Drilling positioning device, method and system |
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