CN109207717A - In sulfuric acid rare earth infusion and cleans and recycle the method for preparing high-purity mixed chlorinated rare earth - Google Patents
In sulfuric acid rare earth infusion and cleans and recycle the method for preparing high-purity mixed chlorinated rare earth Download PDFInfo
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- CN109207717A CN109207717A CN201811024910.8A CN201811024910A CN109207717A CN 109207717 A CN109207717 A CN 109207717A CN 201811024910 A CN201811024910 A CN 201811024910A CN 109207717 A CN109207717 A CN 109207717A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
- C22B1/06—Sulfating roasting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/20—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching
- C22B3/44—Treatment or purification of solutions, e.g. obtained by leaching by chemical processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B59/00—Obtaining rare earth metals
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- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
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Abstract
The invention discloses in a kind of sulfuric acid rare earth infusion and method that removal of impurities prepare high-purity mixed chlorinated rare earth with circulation, comprising: mixed rare earth concentrates obtain water logging slag and ore pulp clear liquid through concentrated sulfuric acid high-temperature roasting, water logging, and ore pulp clear liquid temperature is less than or equal to 40 DEG C；With in neutralizer and ore pulp clear liquid to pH value be 3.8~4.5, isolated infusion and neutralize slag；Infusion is prepared into mixed-alkali rare earth compound by Ammonia precipitating reagent parallel-flow precipitation, obtains ammonium sulfate waste water and mixed-alkali rare earth compound；Mixed rare earth carbonate in mixed-alkali rare earth compound is transformed into high-purity mixed chlorinated rare earth suitable for extraction and separation through dissolving with hydrochloric acid.The present invention solves the problems, such as in sulfuric acid rare earth ore pulp clear liquid and removing calcium and magnesium, sulfate wastewater concentration process in sulphate crystal and ammonia N-process and precipitation process sulfuric acid rare earth ammonium double salt precipitation problem.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hydrometallurgical technologies, specifically, are related in a kind of sulfuric acid rare earth infusion and removal of impurities and follow
The method that ring prepares high-purity mixed chlorinated rare earth.
Background technique
The mixed rare earth concentrates of Baotou region mainly use concentrated sulfuric acid high-temperature roasting process, and technical process includes rare earth
Concentrate in concentrated sulfuric acid mixing high-temperature roasting, water logging, magnesium and the links such as removal of impurities, transition (carbon heavy or extraction).Although the technique stream
Journey is simple, to mineral grade strong applicability, but exists simultaneously the big problem of " three wastes " processing difficulty, especially prominent in " three wastes "
It is wastewater problem.
In existing production process, during rare-earth mineral is extracted as sulfuric acid rare earth and is converted into rare earth chloride, need
By being extracted in industrial magnesium oxide with removal of impurities (iron, phosphorus, aluminium, zinc etc.), ammonium bicarbonate precipitation-dissolving with hydrochloric acid transition or P507 magnesium soap
Transition, to form ammonium sulfate magnesium composite waste or magnesium sulfate waste water.Have using in magnesium with the main problem of removal of impurities and saponification
Two aspects, entrainment of a large amount of calcium oxide in industrial magnesium oxide, are formed for rare-earth smelting extraction process in N-process
Crystal of calcium sulfate object is wrapped in mineral surfaces, and sulfuric acid rare earth extraction efficiency is caused to decline to a great extent；The calcium sulfate that saponification process is formed
Crystallization causes to extract the crystallization of many places such as groove body, organic-aqueous phase interface again, so that extraction process is seriously obstructed, organic loss increases,
Working condition is very poor.For waste water treatment angle, ammonium sulfate magnesium composite waste is on the one hand formd, ammonium sulfate magnesium compound is answered
Narrow with field, market value is lower.On the other hand, in concentration process, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate crystallisation problems seriously hinder waste water
Crystallization process.
It is well known that sulfuric acid rare earth is easy to K under solution system+、Na+、NH4 +Form double salt precipitation, precipitation order K+>
Na+> NH4 +.Therefore, the purification process of rare earth sulfate solution is avoiding always the alkali compounds using above-mentioned monovalent ion.Such as
Fruit directly uses ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide solution to neutralize, be saponified, although can introduce to avoid foreign ions such as calcium, magnesium, NH4 +、Na+
The excessively high double salt that will increase of local concentration forms risk.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention be to provide in a kind of sulfuric acid rare earth infusion and removal of impurities with recycle prepare it is high-purity
The method of mixed chlorinated rare earth, solve in sulfuric acid rare earth ore pulp clear liquid and removing calcium and magnesium, sulfate wastewater concentration process in sulfuric acid
Salt crystallisation problems and ammonia N-process and precipitation process sulfuric acid rare earth ammonium double salt precipitation problem.
Technical solution is as follows:
In a kind of sulfuric acid rare earth infusion and method that removal of impurities prepares high-purity mixed chlorinated rare earth with circulation, comprising:
Mixed rare earth concentrates obtain water logging slag and ore pulp clear liquid through concentrated sulfuric acid high-temperature roasting, water logging, and ore pulp clear liquid temperature is small
In equal to 40 DEG C；
In the neutralizer made of allotment and ore pulp clear liquid to pH value is 3.8~4.5, isolated infusion and neutralization
Slag neutralizes and is back to roasted ore leaching process after slag is sized mixing with water；
Infusion is prepared into mixed-alkali rare earth compound by Ammonia precipitating reagent parallel-flow precipitation, isolated pure
Ammonium sulfate waste water；Point taking mixed-alkali rare earth compound to be deployed into after neutralizer with Ammonia precipitating reagent, to continue on for neutralization ore pulp clear
Liquid, remaining mixed rare earth carbonate are mixed chlorinated rare earth through dissolving with hydrochloric acid.
Further, neutralizer selects mixed-alkali rare earth compound or mixed-alkali rare earth compound and ammonium hydroxide, bicarbonate
Alkaline mixt made of one or more of ammonium, ammonium carbonate are formulated；Allotment ratio is according to mixed-alkali rare earth compound
With NH4 +It is 99:1~1:99 according to molar ratio.
Further, the precipitating endpoint pH of parallel-flow precipitation is 6.2~6.8, and ammonium hydroxide and ammonium hydrogen carbonate molar ratio≤2:1, ammonia
Water and ammonium carbonate molar ratio≤1:1.
Further, mixed-alkali rare earth compound be one of mixed rare earth carbonate, mixed-alkali rare earth compound or
It is several.
Further, MgO concentration is less than 0.5g/L, CaO concentration < 0.5g/L in ammonium sulfate waste water, concentrated crystallization is obtained
Ammonium sulfate byproduct and recycle-water.
Further, MgO/REO mass percentage is less than 0.01%, CaO/REO mass hundred in high-purity mixed chlorinated rare earth
Divide content less than 0.05%.
The technology of the present invention effect includes:
Use mixed-alkali rare earth compound or mixed-alkali rare earth compound and Ammonia precipitant mix object as sulfuric acid
Mixed-alkali rare earth compound is transmitted Media Usage by rare-earth ore pulp clear liquid neutralizer,
It is significantly reduced or ammonium ion is avoided to contact with sulfuric acid rare earth, prevent sulfuric acid rare earth ammonium double salt from generating.It forms single pure
Net ammonium sulfate waste water avoids the introducing of calcium and magnesium ion, reduces wastewater treatment difficulty, improves byproduct economic value.
Meanwhile precipitating in transformation process, using parallel-flow precipitation mode, it can control ammonium ion and rare earth ion wink in sulfate system
Between high concentration contact, solves the problems, such as double salt formed.Effectively control neutralizes removal of impurities and transition precipitating endpoint pH, can further adjust
The foreign ions mixed precipitations such as section control calcium, magnesium, purification of chlorinated earth solution.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be in the present invention in sulfuric acid rare earth infusion and removal of impurities with circulation prepare high-purity mixed chlorinated rare earth method
Flow chart.
Specific embodiment
In order to better understand the present invention, below with reference to the embodiment content that the present invention is furture elucidated, but it is of the invention
Content is not limited solely to the following examples.
Embodiment 1:
(1) allotment of neutralizer: mixed rare earth carbonate: ammonium hydroxide=10:1 (molar ratio)；
(2) neutralize: it is 4.0 that neutralizer made of 30 DEG C of ore pulp clear liquid allotment, which is neutralized to pH value, isolated water logging
Liquid and neutralization slag.It neutralizes and is back to roasted ore leaching process after slag is sized mixing with water；
(3) precipitating transition: pH value is 6.8 to terminal for infusion and ammonium bicarbonate precipitation agent parallel-flow precipitation, is prepared into carbon
Acid rare earth, isolated pure ammonium sulfate waste water, MgO concentration 0.21g/L, CaO concentration are 0.26g/L, concentrated knot
Crystalline substance obtains ammonium sulfate byproduct and recycle-water；
(4) it recycles: dividing take mixed rare earth carbonate compound on demand, it is clear to continue on for neutralization ore pulp after formulated
Liquid, remaining mixed rare earth carbonate are transformed into high-purity mixed chlorinated rare earth suitable for P507 extraction and separation, MgO/ through dissolving with hydrochloric acid
REO mass percentage is 0.03% less than 0.01%, CaO/REO mass percentage.
Embodiment 2:
(1) allotment of neutralizer: mixed-alkali rare earth compound: ammonium hydrogen carbonate: ammonium hydroxide=1:5:10 (active principle mole
Than)；
(2) neutralize: it is 4.2 that neutralizer made of 20 DEG C of ore pulp clear liquid allotment, which is neutralized to pH value, isolated water logging
Liquid and neutralization slag.It neutralizes and is back to roasted ore leaching process after slag is sized mixing with water；
(3) precipitating transition: according to molar ratio being that 2:1 is allocated as mixed precipitant by ammonium hydroxide and ammonium hydrogen carbonate, infusion with
PH value is 6.2 to mixed precipitant parallel-flow precipitation to terminal, is prepared into mixed-alkali rare earth compound, isolated pure sulphur
Sour ammonium waste water, MgO concentration 0.23g/L, CaO concentration are 0.32g/L, and concentrated crystallization obtains ammonium sulfate byproduct and reuse
Water；
(4) it recycles: dividing take mixed-alkali rare earth compound on demand, it is clear to continue on for neutralization ore pulp after formulated
Liquid, remaining mixed-alkali rare earth compound are transformed into high-purity mixed chlorinated rare earth suitable for P507 extraction and separation through dissolving with hydrochloric acid,
Its MgO/REO mass percentage is 0.04% less than 0.01%, CaO/REO mass percentage.
Embodiment 3:
(1) allotment of neutralizer: mixed rare earth carbonate: ammonium carbonate=99:1 (molar ratio).
(2) neutralize: it is 3.8 that neutralizer made of 40 DEG C of ore pulp clear liquid allotment, which is neutralized to pH value, isolated water logging
Liquid and neutralization slag.It neutralizes and is back to roasted ore leaching process after slag is sized mixing with water.
(3) precipitating transition: according to molar ratio being that 1:1 is allocated as mixed precipitant by ammonium hydroxide and ammonium hydrogen carbonate, infusion with
PH value is 6.5 to the reaction of mixed precipitant parallel-flow precipitation to terminal, is prepared into mixed rare earth carbonate, isolated pure sulfuric acid
Ammonium waste water, MgO concentration 0.1g/L, CaO concentration are 0.2g/L, and concentrated crystallization obtains ammonium sulfate byproduct and recycle-water.
(4) it recycles: dividing take mixed rare earth carbonate on demand, continue on for neutralizing ore pulp clear liquid after formulated, remaining
It mixes rare earth hydrate and is transformed into high-purity mixed chlorinated rare earth suitable for P507 extraction and separation, MgO/REO matter through dissolving with hydrochloric acid
It is 0.03% that percentage composition, which is measured, less than 0.01%, CaO/REO mass percentage.
Embodiment 4:
(1) allotment of neutralizer: mixed rare earth carbonate: ammonium hydroxide: ammonium hydrogen carbonate=1:49:49 (molar ratio).
(2) neutralize: it is 4.5 that neutralizer made of 32 DEG C of ore pulp clear liquid allotment, which is neutralized to pH value, isolated water logging
Liquid and neutralization slag.It neutralizes and is back to roasted ore leaching process after slag is sized mixing with water.
(3) precipitating transition: pH value is 6.8 to terminal for infusion and ammonium carbonate precipitating reagent parallel-flow precipitation, is prepared into mixing
Carbonated rare earth, isolated pure ammonium sulfate waste water, MgO concentration 0.17g/L, CaO concentration is 0.28g/L, concentrated
Crystallization obtains ammonium sulfate byproduct and recycle-water.
(4) it recycles: dividing take part mixed rare earth carbonate on demand, continue on for neutralizing ore pulp clear liquid after formulated,
Remaining mixture is transformed into high-purity mixed chlorinated rare earth suitable for P507 extraction and separation, MgO/REO mass hundred through dissolving with hydrochloric acid
Point content is 0.027% less than 0.01%, CaO/REO mass percentage.
Embodiment 5:
(1) allotment of neutralizer: mixed base formula carbonated rare earth: ammonium hydrogen carbonate=1:10 (molar ratio).
(2) neutralize: it is 4.2 that neutralizer made of 32 DEG C of ore pulp clear liquid allotment, which is neutralized to pH value, isolated water logging
Liquid and neutralization slag.It neutralizes and is back to roasted ore leaching process after slag is sized mixing with water.
(3) precipitating transition: according to molar ratio being that 1:1 is allocated as mixed precipitant by ammonium hydroxide and ammonium carbonate, infusion and mixed
Closing precipitating reagent parallel-flow precipitation, pH value is 6.5 to terminal, is prepared into mixed rare earth carbonate, isolated pure ammonium sulfate is useless
Water, MgO concentration 0.23g/L, CaO concentration are 0.27g/L, and concentrated crystallization obtains ammonium sulfate byproduct and recycle-water.
(4) it recycles: dividing take part mixed base formula carbonated rare earth on demand, it is clear to continue on for neutralization ore pulp after formulated
Liquid, remaining mixture are transformed into high-purity mixed chlorinated rare earth suitable for P507 extraction and separation, MgO/REO mass through dissolving with hydrochloric acid
Percentage composition is 0.03% less than 0.01%, CaO/REO mass percentage.
It should be understood that the foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not
It is confined to this, anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can readily occur in variation
Or replacement, it should all be included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the claim
Protection scope subject to.
Claims (6)
1. in a kind of sulfuric acid rare earth infusion and cleaning and recycling the method for preparing high-purity mixed chlorinated rare earth, comprising:
Mixed rare earth concentrates obtain water logging slag and ore pulp clear liquid through concentrated sulfuric acid high-temperature roasting, water logging, and ore pulp clear liquid temperature is less than etc.
In 40 DEG C；
In the neutralizer made of allotment and ore pulp clear liquid to pH value is 3.8~4.5, isolated infusion and neutralization slag, in
It is back to roasted ore after being sized mixing with slag with water and leaches process；
Infusion is prepared into mixed-alkali rare earth compound, isolated pure sulfuric acid by Ammonia precipitating reagent parallel-flow precipitation
Ammonium waste water；Divide after taking mixed-alkali rare earth compound and Ammonia precipitating reagent to be deployed into neutralizer and continue on for neutralizing ore pulp clear liquid,
Remaining mixed rare earth carbonate is mixed chlorinated rare earth through dissolving with hydrochloric acid.
2. in sulfuric acid rare earth infusion as described in claim 1 and cleans and recycles the method for preparing high-purity mixed chlorinated rare earth,
It is characterized by: neutralizer select mixed-alkali rare earth compound or mixed-alkali rare earth compound and ammonium hydroxide, ammonium hydrogen carbonate,
Alkaline mixt made of one or more of ammonium carbonate is formulated；Allotment ratio according to mixed-alkali rare earth compound with
NH4 +It is 99:1~1:99 according to molar ratio.
3. in sulfuric acid rare earth infusion as described in claim 1 and cleans and recycles the method for preparing high-purity mixed chlorinated rare earth,
It is characterized by: the precipitating endpoint pH of parallel-flow precipitation is 6.2~6.8, ammonium hydroxide and ammonium hydrogen carbonate molar ratio≤2:1, ammonium hydroxide with
Ammonium carbonate molar ratio≤1:1.
4. in sulfuric acid rare earth infusion as described in claim 1 and cleans and recycles the method for preparing high-purity mixed chlorinated rare earth,
It is characterized by: mixed-alkali rare earth compound is one or more of mixed rare earth carbonate, mixed-alkali rare earth compound.
5. in sulfuric acid rare earth infusion as described in claim 1 and cleans and recycles the method for preparing high-purity mixed chlorinated rare earth,
It is characterized by: MgO concentration is less than 0.5g/L, CaO concentration < 0.5g/L in ammonium sulfate waste water, concentrated crystallization obtains sulfuric acid
Ammonium byproduct and recycle-water.
6. in sulfuric acid rare earth infusion as described in claim 1 and cleans and recycles the method for preparing high-purity mixed chlorinated rare earth,
It is characterized by: MgO/REO mass percentage contains less than 0.01%, CaO/REO mass percentage in high-purity mixed chlorinated rare earth
Amount is less than 0.05%.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111074071A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-28 | 包头华美稀土高科有限公司 | Method for recycling mixed rare earth carbonate precipitation wastewater |
| CN111235411A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-06-05 | 包头稀土研究院 | Process for removing calcium-containing minerals in rare earth concentrate and application of sulfuric acid solution |
| CN112301220A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-02 | 包头市聚峰稀土有限责任公司 | Method for reducing iron content in rare earth sulfate water leaching solution |
| CN112410589A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-02-26 | 包头稀土研究院 | Treatment method of rare earth sulfate roasted ore |
| CN114031239A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-02-11 | 中南大学 | Method for separating multiple metals in plasma fused soot elution wastewater |
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| CN111235411A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-06-05 | 包头稀土研究院 | Process for removing calcium-containing minerals in rare earth concentrate and application of sulfuric acid solution |
| CN112301220A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-02 | 包头市聚峰稀土有限责任公司 | Method for reducing iron content in rare earth sulfate water leaching solution |
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| CN114031239A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-02-11 | 中南大学 | Method for separating multiple metals in plasma fused soot elution wastewater |
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