Dedicated shock-proof type extruder that can prevent blockking up of PVC communication pipe processing
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of extruders, and particularly relates to an anti-blocking damping extruder special for processing a PVC communication pipe.
Background
The plastic processing is also called extrusion molding or extrusion molding, and the rubber processing is also called extrusion molding, which refers to a processing method that materials are heated and plasticized by a barrel and a screw of an extruder while being pushed forwards by the screw and continuously pass through a machine head to be made into products or semi-products with various sections.
The feed hopper of traditional extruder does not have the structure of control unloading speed, can appear feeding and lead to the fact the condition that the material blockked up in the extruder at the excessive speed, can feed and lead to the fact the lower condition of extruder work efficiency too slowly, and the use of not convenient for user, the condition of vibration can appear when using in the extruder that has now simultaneously, the condition that the product of appearing extruding can't reach service standard easily.
In the prior art, CN207449051U discloses a dedicated anti-blocking shock-absorbing type extruder for processing PVC communication pipes, wherein a feed inlet 1 is arranged at the top of an extruder box 3, a crushing device 2 is arranged at the center of an inner cavity of the feed inlet 1, the crushing device 2 is engaged by two gears with the same structure, and a power motor is arranged at the rear side of each gear. This technical scheme is provided with two gear engagement's reducing mechanism through the feed inlet, the improvement of very big degree crushing efficiency, avoid the large granule to lead to the extruder to block up. However, the technical scheme cannot realize the matching of the extrusion rate and the feeding speed of the extruder, and particularly cannot adjust the feeding speed of the feeding hopper.
Among the prior art, CN206140851U discloses a dedicated shock-proof type extruder that can prevent blockking up of polyethylene feed pipe processing, its top that is close to extruder shell body 8 on 4 right sides of hopper is provided with cutting motor 5 down, cutting motor 5's left side is provided with cutting blade 3, this scheme has set up preliminary cutting device, can tentatively cut the rectangular shape material of big granule, the problem of traditional extruder can not tentatively cut the material and lead to the rectangular shape material of large granule to block up the feed opening has been avoided. However, the scheme also utilizes the way of cutting or crushing the materials to avoid the blockage of the feed opening and cannot adjust the feeding speed of the feed opening.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an anti-blocking damping type extruder special for processing a PVC communication pipe.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to an anti-blocking shock-absorption type extruder special for processing a PVC communication pipe, which comprises an extruder body, wherein a shock-absorption rack is fixed at the bottom of the extruder body, a feeding hopper is fixedly penetrated through the top of the extruder body, and a blocking device is arranged in the feeding hopper;
the extruder body comprises an outer shell and an inner shell, wherein the outer shell and the inner shell are both provided with a through hole, and the through holes in the outer shell and the inner shell are opposite;
the feeding hopper consists of a conical hopper, a material guide barrel and a feeding pipe, the feeding pipe is in clearance fit with the through hole, a group of sliding rings are fixed on one inner wall of the material guide barrel, the sliding rings limit the positions of the upper cover body and the lower cover body, an opening is formed in the peripheral side surface of the material guide barrel, forty teeth are fixed in the peripheral side surface of the material guide barrel and positioned on two sides of the opening in an annular mode, and thirty-nine tooth sockets are formed by the forty teeth;
the material blocking device comprises an upper cover body and a lower cover body, wherein four discharge ports are uniformly formed in the upper cover body and the lower cover body in an annular shape, a rotating shaft is fixed on one surface of the upper cover body, and a limiting plate is fixed at one end of the rotating shaft;
a through hole is formed in one surface of the lower cover body, the lower cover body is rotatably connected with the upper cover body through a through hole and a rotating shaft, a connecting plate is fixed to the peripheral side face of the lower cover body, the connecting plate is in sliding fit with the opening, an arc-shaped plate is fixed to one side face of the connecting plate, two groups of connecting rods penetrate through the arc-shaped plate, one end of each group of connecting rod is fixed to an arc-shaped pressing plate, eight positioning teeth are fixed to the inner wall of each arc-shaped pressing plate, the positioning teeth are in clearance fit with tooth grooves, one group of connecting rods are fixed to the other end of each connecting rod, a transverse plate is fixed between the transverse plates, a pull rod is fixed between each transverse plate, four second springs are fixed between each arc-shaped plate and each arc-shaped.
Furthermore, a cover body is fixed at one end of the outer shell and one end of the inner shell, a die is matched with the cover body in a threaded mode, twelve heating plates are fixed between the outer shell and the inner shell, a motor is fixed at the other end of the outer shell, an extrusion screw rod is fixed at one end of an output shaft of the motor, and the extrusion screw rod is located inside the inner shell.
Further, the shock attenuation frame includes base and three deflector, a base fixed surface has nine guide bars, three guiding hole has been seted up on the deflector, the guide bar runs through the guiding hole and is fixed with a separation piece, guide bar and guiding hole sliding fit, be fixed with nine first springs between deflector and the base, first spring plays the effect of buffering, first spring encircles the setting at the guide bar surface, a deflector fixed surface has a set of down tube, down tube one end is fixed with solid fixed ring, gu fixed ring inner wall and shell body week side fixed connection play absorbing effect through the shock attenuation frame.
Further, be fixed with an mounting panel between inlet pipe and the guide bucket, the mounting panel is the arc structure, six screw holes have been seted up on the mounting panel, the mounting panel passes through screw hole and bolt and shell body week side fixed connection.
Furthermore, the thickness of the upper cover body and the lower cover body is the same as the distance between the upper cover body and the group of sliding rings, the peripheral side surface of the upper cover body is fixedly connected with the inner walls of the sliding rings, and the lower cover body rotates in the group of sliding rings.
Further, the cross section of the discharge port is of a fan-shaped structure, and the area of the fan-shaped structure is one eighth of that of the upper cover body.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention drives the transverse plate to move towards the outer side of the conical hopper by pulling the pull rod, thereby driving the arc-shaped pressing plate to move towards the arc-shaped plate to extrude a second spring, driving the positioning teeth to be separated from the tooth grooves by the movement of the arc-shaped pressing plate, generating a blanking space by the staggering of the discharge ports on the upper cover body and the lower cover body at the moment, changing the feeding speed by rotating the lower cover body, driving the arc-shaped pressing plate to reset by the elasticity of the second spring after the adjustment is finished, limiting the angle of the lower cover body by the matching use of the positioning teeth and the tooth grooves, discharging the material of the conical hopper into the inner shell through the guide barrel and the feeding pipe, adjusting the feeding speed of the feeding hopper, avoiding the condition that the material in the extruder is blocked due to the over-fast feeding, ensuring that the extrusion speed of the extruder is consistent with the feeding speed of, the working efficiency of the extruder is indirectly improved.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an anti-clogging damping type extruder specially used for processing PVC communication pipes, according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an extruder body;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a feed hopper;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a feed hopper and a plugging device;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 4 at A;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a plugging device;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the upper cover;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the lower cover;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a base;
in the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1-extruder body, 2-vibration damping frame, 3-feeding hopper, 4-blocking device, 101-outer shell, 102-inner shell, 103-through hole, 104-cover, 105-mould, 106-heating plate, 107-motor, 108-extrusion screw, 201-base, 202-guide plate, 203-guide rod, 204-guide hole, 205-first spring, 206-inclined rod, 207-fixing ring, 208-blocking sheet, 301-conical hopper, 302-guide barrel, 303-feeding pipe, 304-sliding ring, 305-opening, 306-tooth, 307-tooth groove, 308-mounting plate, 309-threaded hole, 401-upper cover, 402-lower cover, 403-discharging hole, 404-rotating shaft, 405-a limiting plate, 406-a through hole, 407-a connecting plate, 408-an arc plate, 409-a connecting rod, 410-an arc pressing plate, 411-a positioning tooth, 412-a transverse plate, 413-a pull rod and 414-a second spring.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1-8, the invention is a special anti-clogging damping extruder for processing PVC communication pipes, comprising an extruder body 1, a damping frame 2 fixed at the bottom of the extruder body 1, a feeding funnel 3 fixed at the top of the extruder body 1, and a plugging device 4 arranged in the feeding funnel 3;
the extruder body 1 comprises an outer shell 101 and an inner shell 102, wherein a through hole 103 is formed in each of the outer shell 101 and the inner shell 102, and the through holes 103 in the outer shell 101 and the inner shell 102 are opposite;
the feeding funnel 3 is composed of a conical hopper 301, a material guiding barrel 302 and a feeding pipe 303, the feeding pipe 303 is in clearance fit with the through hole 103, a group of sliding rings 304 are fixed on one inner wall of the material guiding barrel 302, the sliding rings 304 limit the positions of an upper cover body 401 and a lower cover body 402, an opening 305 is formed in the peripheral side surface of the material guiding barrel 302, forty teeth 306 are fixed on the peripheral side surface of the material guiding barrel 302 and the positions of the two sides of the opening 305 in an annular mode, and thirty-nine tooth sockets 307 are formed by the forty teeth 306;
the blocking device 4 comprises an upper cover body 401 and a lower cover body 402, four discharge holes 403 are uniformly formed in the upper cover body 401 and the lower cover body 402 in an annular shape, a rotating shaft 404 is fixed on one surface of the upper cover body 401, and a limiting plate 405 is fixed at one end of the rotating shaft 404;
a through hole 406 is formed in one surface of the lower cover body 402, the lower cover body 402 is rotatably connected with the upper cover body 401 through the through hole 406 and the rotating shaft 404, a connecting plate 407 is fixed on the peripheral side surface of the lower cover body 402, the connecting plate 407 is in sliding fit with the opening 305, an arc-shaped plate 408 is fixed on one side surface of the connecting plate 407, two groups of connecting rods 409 penetrate through the arc-shaped plate 408, an arc-shaped pressing plate 410 is fixed at one end of each group of connecting rods 409, eight positioning teeth 411 are fixed on an inner wall of the arc-shaped pressing plate 410, the positioning teeth 411 are in clearance fit with the tooth grooves 307, a transverse plate 412 is fixed at the other end of each group of connecting rods 409, a pull rod 413 is fixed between the two transverse plates 412, four second springs 414 are fixed between the arc-shaped plate 408 and the arc-.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a cover 104 is fixed at one end of the outer shell 101 and the inner shell 102, a mold 105 is screwed on the cover 104, twelve heating plates 106 are fixed between the outer shell 101 and the inner shell 102, a motor 107 is fixed at the other end of the outer shell 101, an extrusion screw 108 is fixed at one end of an output shaft of the motor 107, and the extrusion screw 108 is located inside the inner shell 102.
As shown in fig. 2 and 9, the shock-absorbing frame 2 includes a base 201 and three guide plates 202, nine guide rods 203 are fixed on a surface of the base 201, three guide holes 204 are formed in the guide plates 202, the guide rods 203 penetrate through the guide holes 204 and are fixed with a blocking piece 208, the guide rods 203 are in sliding fit with the guide holes 204, nine first springs 205 are fixed between the guide plates 202 and the base 201, the first springs 205 play a role in buffering, the first springs 205 are arranged on the outer surfaces of the guide rods 203 in a surrounding manner, a group of inclined rods 206 are fixed on a surface of the guide plates 202, one ends of the inclined rods 206 are fixed with fixing rings 207, the inner walls of the fixing rings 207 are fixedly connected with the peripheral side of the outer shell 101, and a shock-absorbing effect is achieved through the shock-absorbing frame 2.
As shown in fig. 4, an installation plate 308 is fixed between the feeding pipe 303 and the guide bucket 302, the installation plate 308 is an arc-shaped structure, six threaded holes 309 are formed in the installation plate 308, and the installation plate 308 is fixedly connected with the peripheral side surface of the outer shell 101 through the threaded holes 309 and bolts.
The thicknesses of the upper cover 401 and the lower cover 402 are the same as the distance between the upper cover 401 and the set of sliding rings 304, the peripheral side surface of the upper cover 401 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the sliding rings 304, and the lower cover 402 rotates in the set of sliding rings 304.
As shown in fig. 6, the cross section of the discharge hole 403 is a sector structure, and the area of the sector structure is one eighth of the area of the upper cover 401.
One specific application of this embodiment is: when the device is used, materials are put into the conical hopper 301, the pull rod 413 is pulled to drive the transverse plate 412 to move towards the outer side of the conical hopper 301, the arc-shaped pressing plate 410 is driven to move towards the arc-shaped plate 408 to extrude the second spring 414, the movement of the arc-shaped pressing plate 410 drives the positioning teeth 411 to be separated from the tooth grooves 307, the lower cover body 402 can be rotated at the moment, the lower cover body 402 rotates along the rotating shaft 404, the discharge holes 403 on the upper cover body 401 and the lower cover body 402 are staggered to generate a discharging space, the feeding speed can be changed by rotating the lower cover body 402, after the adjustment is finished, the pull rod 413 is loosened, the arc-shaped pressing plate 410 is driven to reset by the elastic force of the second spring 414, the positioning teeth 411 can be inserted into the tooth grooves 307 to limit the angle of the lower cover body 402, the materials in the conical hopper 301 are discharged into the inner shell 102 through the guide, the material can be extruded from the die 105.
Example two:
as a further optimization of the above technical solution, an electromagnet is embedded in the arc-shaped plate 408, the arc-shaped pressing plate 410 has ferromagnetism, and the presence or absence and magnitude of the current in the electromagnet are controlled by a controller; the micro motor can drive the rotating shaft 404 to rotate, and the controller controls the start and stop of the micro motor and the rotating angle of the rotating shaft 404; a first flow meter is provided at the die 105 for sensing the rate of extrusion by the extruder and a second flow meter is provided at the feed tube 303 for sensing the rate of feed to the extruder, the first and second flow meters each being electrically connected to the controller.
In this embodiment, when the feeding rate of the extruder does not match the extrusion rate, and the data measured by the first flow meter and the second flow meter are different greatly, there is a possibility of material blockage, and the feeding speed needs to be adjusted. Specifically, when the difference between the measurement data of the two flow meters exceeds a preset threshold, the controller calculates the expected value of the staggered angle of the discharge holes 403 on the upper cover body 401 and the lower cover body 402 according to the difference between the measurement data and the preset threshold, and then sends a control command to supply current to the electromagnet inside the arc plate 408, the current causes magnetic attraction between the arc plate 408 and the arc pressing plate 410, the magnetic attraction drives the arc pressing plate 410 to move towards the arc plate 408 to press the second spring 414, and the movement of the arc pressing plate 410 drives the positioning teeth 411 to disengage from the tooth grooves 307; and then the controller sends a control command to the micro motor, the micro motor drives the rotating shaft 404 to rotate for a certain angle, the value of the angle is determined by the expected value of the staggered angle of the discharge holes 403 on the upper cover body 401 and the lower cover body 402, which is calculated by the controller, after the rotating shaft 404 rotates to the position, the controller sends a control command to stop supplying current to the electromagnet inside the arc-shaped plate 408, at the moment, the elastic force of the second spring 414 drives the arc-shaped pressing plate 410 to reset, and the positioning teeth 411 can be inserted into the tooth grooves 307 to limit the angle of the lower cover body 402.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.