CN109201188B - Middle-high temperature roller crusher with efficient cooling effect - Google Patents
Middle-high temperature roller crusher with efficient cooling effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN109201188B CN109201188B CN201811254319.1A CN201811254319A CN109201188B CN 109201188 B CN109201188 B CN 109201188B CN 201811254319 A CN201811254319 A CN 201811254319A CN 109201188 B CN109201188 B CN 109201188B
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims description 23
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/02—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers
- B02C4/08—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers with co-operating corrugated or toothed crushing-rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C25/00—Control arrangements specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/28—Details
- B02C4/30—Shape or construction of rollers
- B02C4/305—Wear resistant rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/28—Details
- B02C4/32—Adjusting, applying pressure to, or controlling the distance between, milling members
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/28—Details
- B02C4/42—Driving mechanisms; Roller speed control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C4/00—Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
- B02C4/28—Details
- B02C4/44—Cooling or heating rollers or bars
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
The invention is composed of a transmission device, a roller, a high-efficiency cooling system and a sealing and measuring and controlling system. The high-efficiency cooling system is composed of heat pipe cooling, water cooling and air cooling. In the heat pipe cooling system, heat is efficiently radiated to the inner cavity through the heat pipes arranged on the rollers; high-pressure water and air in the water cooling system pass through the upper semicircular pipe and the lower semicircular pipe of the cooling water-bubbling air integrated pipe and are sprayed out at high speed through the spray head, high-speed water flow impacts the inner surface of the upper part of the roll shaft and the heat pipe, and high-pressure air bubbles and stirs accumulated water, so that the cooling inside the roll is greatly accelerated; the air cooling system comprises an arc bellows, a Laval nozzle and the like, and the outer surface of the roller is efficiently cooled by the supersonic jet of the Laval nozzle; the three-combination cooling mode realizes the high-efficiency cooling of the roller. The sealing system is used for completing good sealing of a gap between the outflow pipe and the driven end shaft head by air sealing of a driven end shaft head air cavity, curved sealing of the end face of the driven end shaft head and air sealing of an annular air bag. The high-efficiency cooling characteristic of the invention endows the high-temperature area of the grate cooler roller crusher with safe working performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of production equipment in the cement industry, and particularly relates to a medium-high temperature roller type crusher with a high-efficiency cooling effect.
Background
The grate cooler is an important main machine device in a cement clinker firing system, takes charge of cooling and conveying the cement clinker discharged from the kiln, provides high-temperature combustion-supporting air for a rotary kiln, a decomposing furnace and the like, and conveys redundant waste gas to an AQC waste heat boiler for recycling and power generation. The crusher is arranged in the grate cooler, large clinker can be crushed into small clinker, the cooling speed of the clinker is greatly accelerated, the heat recovery efficiency of the grate cooler, the temperature of secondary air entering the rotary kiln and the temperature of tertiary air entering the decomposing furnace are greatly improved, and the cold temperature of the clinker and the consumption of cooling air are reduced. The roller crusher is widely applied to modern large-scale cement clinker grate coolers due to low power consumption, high working reliability and simple maintenance. With the strong promotion of national energy-saving and emission-reducing policies, in order to further improve the heat recovery efficiency of the grate cooler, the working temperature of the roller crusher needs to be improved, namely, the grate cooler is moved from the current middle-low temperature working area (135 ℃ C.) -400 ℃ C.) to the middle-high temperature working area (400 ℃ C.) -700 ℃ C.). The roller crusher is limited by the high-temperature performance of materials, and when the roller crusher is lifted from the existing medium-low temperature working area to the medium-high temperature area, the high-temperature mechanical performance of the parts of the roller crusher can be rapidly reduced, so that the roller of the crusher deforms, the abrasion resistance is poor, and the service life is shortened. By comprehensive analysis, the method for improving the cooling speed of the roller and keeping the temperature of the roller lower than the allowable temperature in the operation is the most economical and feasible technical approach for improving the performance of the working machine in the high-temperature area of the roller crusher.
The following are obtained through retrieval: the roller crusher is limited by the high-temperature working performance, and is mostly arranged in a low-temperature working area where the grate cooler works; the roller type crusher is mostly cooled naturally, only a few roller shafts adopt an internal forced ventilation cooling technology, and key parts are made of materials with good high temperature resistance, so that the working temperature is only slightly increased; due to the poor air cooling effect, the requirement that the working temperature area of the grate cooler is increased from the medium-low temperature area to the medium-high temperature working area cannot be met, and the further increase of the heat recovery efficiency, the clinker cooling effect, the secondary air temperature and the tertiary air temperature of the grate cooler is limited. Therefore, the cooling speed of the roller type crusher in the novel grate cooler is greatly improved, and the problem that the working temperature of the roller type crusher in the novel grate cooler needs to be improved in the cement industry is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a medium-high temperature roller type crusher with a high-efficiency cooling effect, aiming at the problems that the cooling efficiency and the heat recovery efficiency of the existing novel grate cooler are required to be further improved and the existing patent technology cannot support the long-term, safe and reliable work of the roller type crusher in a high-temperature area of the grate cooler. The roller crusher has a good high-efficiency cooling system, and can ensure that the temperature, the thermal stress and the roller tooth abrasion born by a working part are in a normal working range when the roller crusher works in a middle-high temperature region (400-.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a medium-high temperature roller crusher with an efficient cooling effect comprises a transmission device, a clinker crushing unit, an efficient cooling system, a sealing system and a measurement and control system. The transmission device consists of a motor, a hydraulic transmission machine, a planetary reducer and a coupling, and mechanical energy generated by high-speed rotation of the motor is converted by the hydraulic transmission machine and the planetary reducer to realize low-speed and stable rotation of the roller of the clinker crushing unit connected with the planetary reducer through the coupling. The clinker crushing unit consists of at least one pair of rollers rotating in opposite directions and a granularity adjusting device; the roller consists of a roller shaft and a roller sleeve axially sleeved on the roller shaft, and the roller sleeve is fixed on the roller shaft through a flat key; the granularity adjusting device mainly controls the gap between the rollers by increasing or decreasing the number of the gaskets or replacing the gaskets with different thicknesses so as to adjust the granularity of discharged materials. The roll teeth are uniformly distributed outside the roll sleeve, and the surface of the roll sleeve is provided with a laser cladding gradient wear-resistant heat-insulating composite coating. The roll shaft is of a hollow structure and is formed by rolling a thick steel plate with a large number of micro-holes on the inner side surface; a large number of heat pipe mounting holes with radial depth reaching the roller sleeve and enough safe distance from the outer surface of the roller sleeve are uniformly formed in the inner surface of the roller shaft cavity and used for mounting micro heat pipes; the two ends of the roll shaft are provided with a driving end shaft head and a driven end shaft head which are arranged on the bearing, and the driving end shaft head is connected with the transmission device through a coupling. The efficient cooling system consists of a heat pipe cooling system, a water cooling system and an air cooling system. The heat pipe cooling system consists of a heat pipe mounting hole, a micro heat pipe and low-melting-point metal filled in a gap between the micro heat pipe and the roller. The roll shaft section of the heat pipe mounting hole is provided with threads, and the inner surface of the roll shaft section is symmetrically provided with vertical grooves reaching the bottom of the hole. The outer surface of the heat insulation section of the micro heat pipe is provided with threads, and the micro heat pipe is inserted into a heat pipe mounting hole and then is fixedly connected with a roller shaft section of the mounting hole through the threads; the evaporation heat absorption section is positioned in the roller sleeve section, and the condensation heat release section is positioned in the cavity area of the roller shaft; and low-melting-point metal is filled into the vertical groove of the heat pipe mounting hole to fill the gap between the micro heat pipe and the heat pipe mounting hole, so that the contact thermal resistance between the micro heat pipe and the roller is greatly reduced, and the heat exchange speed between the micro heat pipe and the interior of the roller is greatly improved. The water cooling system consists of a cooling water-bubbling air integrated pipe, a cooling water spray head, a bubbling air spray head, a flow outlet pipe, a sealing metal baffle, a sealing gasket, a cooling water flow control valve and a bubbling air flow control valve. A partition plate is welded in the middle of the cooling water-bubbling air integrated pipe to partition a circular pipe, the circular pipe is divided into an upper semicircular pipe and a lower semicircular pipe by the partition plate, the upper semicircular pipe is a cooling water semicircular pipe, and the lower semicircular pipe is a bubbling air semicircular pipe; the tail end of the integrated pipe is sealed and is installed in the hollow cavity of the roll shaft along the same axis with the roll shaft. A plurality of rows of cooling water nozzles which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged on the circumferential surface of the cooling water semi-circular pipe at equal intervals in the axial direction, and cooling water with certain pressure is sprayed out from the cooling water nozzles at a high speed to form impact jet cooling on the inner wall surface of the upper area of the roll shaft and the outer surface of the heat release section of the miniature heat pipe, so that the heat release speed of the upper area of the inner surface of the roll shaft and the heat release speed of the upper heat pipe are greatly. A plurality of mounting holes are formed in the circumferential surface of the bubbling air semi-circular pipe at equal intervals along the axial direction and are connected with the bubbling air nozzle connecting pipe in a welding manner; the bubbling air nozzle connecting pipe is in threaded connection with the bubbling air nozzle, and the depth of the bubbling air nozzle immersed in the accumulated water in the cavity of the roller shaft can be adjusted by adjusting the screwing-in degree of the threads; during operation, air with certain pressure is sprayed out from the bubbling air spray head, bubbling stirring is formed in cooling water accumulated in the cavity of the roller shaft, and the heat transfer speed of accumulated water in the cavity of the roller shaft, the inner surface of the roller shaft immersed in the water and the heat release section of the miniature heat pipe is greatly increased. The sealing metal baffle is matched with the sealing gasket and is tightly fixed at the end of the roller shaft connected with the driving end shaft head through stud connection to form sealing on the cavity of the roller shaft, so that cooling water and bubbling air are prevented from leaking outwards from the driving end shaft head; meanwhile, a rolling bearing is arranged in the center of the metal baffle plate to fixedly support the cooling water-bubbling air integrated pipe. The diameter of the flow outlet pipe is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the driven end shaft head, and the flow outlet pipe is coaxially sleeved outside the cooling water-bubbling air integrated pipe and is arranged in the driven end shaft head; an annular space formed by the inner surface of the water outlet pipe and the outer surface of the cooling water-bubbling air integrated pipe forms a cooling accumulated water and bubbling air discharge channel in the roller shaft cavity. The cooling water flow control valve and the bubbling air flow control valve are respectively arranged at the inlet ends of the upper and lower semicircular pipes of the cooling water-bubbling air integrated pipe. The air cooling system consists of an arc-surface air box, a clinker baffle, an ash discharge hole, an electric double-layer flap valve, a Laval nozzle and a cooling air flow control valve. The arc-surface air box consists of two independent air boxes, and an ash discharge gap is reserved in the middle of each independent air box; the arc-surface air box is fixedly arranged below the roller by the rack, and the distance from the arc-surface air box to the outer surface of the lower part of the roller is gradually reduced from the center of the roller to the outside. The electric double-layer flap valve is arranged at an ash discharge gap between two independent air boxes of the arc-surface air box and used for sealing during ash discharge and preventing a large amount of cooling air leakage between the roller and the arc-surface air box. The clinker baffle is arranged on the discharging side of the roller of the arc-surface air box and is used for preventing clinker from leaking into the upper surface of the arc-surface air box; an ash discharge hole is arranged between the clinker baffles and is used for discharging the blocked clinker in time. The Laval nozzles are uniformly arranged on the upper surface of the circular arc surface bellows; in order to greatly improve the anti-blocking performance of the Laval nozzle, an anti-blocking sleeve is arranged outside the Laval nozzle, and the edge opening of the sleeve is higher than the outlet of the Laval nozzle by a certain height. And the cooling air flow control valve is arranged at an air inlet of the circular arc surface bellows and is used for adjusting the cooling air spraying amount. When the roller crusher works, high-pressure air in the arc-surface air box firstly impacts the surface of the roller through the Laval nozzle at a supersonic speed to form high-speed jet impact cooling on the surface of the roller; then the cooling air is converged in the flow passage with the sectional area gradually reduced in the flow direction and flows in an accelerated manner, so that secondary cooling which is very favorable for cooling the surface of the roller is formed. The sealing system is used for sealing the gap between the outflow pipe and the driven shaft and is formed by compounding a sealing cavity air seal of the gap between the outflow pipe and the driven end shaft head, a curved seal of the gap between the outflow end cover and the driven end shaft head end face and an annular air bag air seal of a gap outlet; the device comprises an outflow end cover, an annular groove, an annular air sealing air pipe, a drain pipe, an exhaust pipe, an annular air bag, an annular air sealing air pipe flow control valve and an annular air bag flow control valve. The outflow end cover wraps the driven end shaft head in a non-contact manner and is welded with the outflow pipe to form a whole; the upper part of the outflow end cover is provided with a hole communicated with the exhaust pipe for exhausting outwards, and the lower part of the outflow end cover is provided with a hole communicated with the drain pipe for discharging cooling water in the roller shaft cavity. The inner surface and the end surface of the driven end shaft head are both provided with a plurality of annular grooves; high-pressure gas is sent into the annular groove on the inner surface of the shaft head of the moving end through the annular gas seal pipe to generate positive pressure, so that an annular groove gas seal is formed, and the gas seal of a sealing cavity of a gap between the outflow pipe and the shaft head of the driven end is completed; the position of the outflow end cover corresponding to the annular groove on the end face of the driven end shaft head is provided with a raised annular belt which is clamped into the annular groove, so that a gap flow channel is in a multi-curved shape, and the curved seal sealing of the gap between the outflow end cover and the end face of the driven end shaft head is completed. An annular air bag is arranged at the gap between the outflow end cover and the shaft head of the driven end head, and a V-shaped nozzle facing the gap outlet is arranged on the annular air bag in the circumferential direction; high-pressure gas in the annular air bag is sprayed into the gap through the V-shaped nozzle, positive pressure is formed at the gap outlet, and the air seal of the annular air bag at the gap outlet is completed; the inlet end of the annular air bag is provided with a flow control valve for adjusting the air sealing effect. The measurement and control system adopts a DCS measurement and control system and consists of a cooling water flow control valve and a bubbling air flow control valve which are arranged on the inlet end of a cooling water-bubbling air pipe, a cooling air flow control valve on the inlet end of an arc-surface air box, a flow control valve on the outlet end of a drain pipe and an exhaust pipe, an annular air-seal air pipe flow control valve, an annular air bag flow control valve, an ultrasonic liquid level meter on a driven end shaft head, a temperature measuring device on the surface of the drain pipe, the outlet of the exhaust pipe and a roller sleeve and a computer; when the intelligent monitoring system runs, the temperature signal, the flow signal and the liquid level signal of each monitoring point are processed and transmitted by the DCS control system, and then the execution signals are sent to the execution mechanism, so that the temperature, the flow and the liquid level are controlled.
Compared with the prior roller crusher technology which works in a cement clinker grate cooler, the medium-high temperature roller crusher with high-efficiency cooling effect has the following advantages:
1. the high-efficiency cooling system adopts a cooling mode combining water cooling, air cooling and heat pipe cooling. Inside the roller: the high-speed phase change heat transfer function of the micro heat pipe; the micro-holes on the inner surface of the roll shaft greatly increase the inner surface area and the number of gasification cores of the roll shaft; the sprayed high-pressure water has a high-speed impact cooling effect on the inner surface of the upper half part of the roller shaft and the condensation section of the heat pipe, the compressed air performs bubbling stirring on accumulated water in the cavity of the roller shaft to greatly enhance the heat transfer effect between the accumulated water in the cavity and the inner surface of the lower part of the roller shaft, and the heat dissipation speed of the roller shaft and the roller sleeve is greatly accelerated by the composite superposition of multiple strengthening effects; outside the roller, the Laval nozzle in the air cooling system has the high-speed jet effect on compressed air and the acceleration effect caused by the gradual reduction of the gap of the arc-surface air box along the air flowing direction, so that the cooling effect of cooling air on the outside of the high-temperature roller is greatly increased, and the cooling speed of the roller is further accelerated. The superposition of the three cooling modes ensures the temperature range allowed by the long-term operation of the roller under the high-temperature working condition and ensures that the clinker roller crusher arranged in the high-temperature area of the grate cooler can work safely, efficiently and reliably for a long time. The roller crusher arranged in the high-temperature area of the grate cooler and working can increase the cooling time of small-particle materials efficiently cooled by the two-section grate bed due to the fact that the materials are crushed in advance, the cooling temperature of the clinker is lower when the clinker is discharged from the cooler, and meanwhile, the ventilation uniformity on the grate bed becomes good due to the fact that the materials are crushed to be smaller, so that the air quantity for cooling the grate cooler is reduced, the cooling effect, the heat recovery efficiency, the temperature of secondary air and tertiary air entering a kiln are greatly improved, and the combustion efficiency in the kiln is improved to a certain extent.
2. The sealing system is used for sealing the gap between the driven shaft head and the outflow pipe, mainly comprises a sealing cavity air seal of the gap between the outflow pipe and the driven end shaft head, a labyrinth seal of the gap between the outflow end cover and the driven end shaft head end face and an annular air bag air seal of a gap outlet in a composite mode, and has a good sealing effect. The sealing cavity air seal is formed by processing a plurality of annular grooves on the inner surface of a driven end shaft head and generating positive pressure by injecting air into the annular grooves; the end surface labyrinth of the driven end shaft head is characterized in that a plurality of annular grooves are processed on the end surface of the driven end shaft head, a raised annular belt is embedded in the corresponding position of the outflow end cover, and the raised annular belt of the end cover is inserted into the groove of the end surface of the driven end shaft head to form the labyrinth; the annular air bag air seal is formed by spraying high-pressure gas in an annular air bag into an outlet in a gap between a driven shaft head and an outflow pipe through a V-shaped nozzle to form positive pressure, so that a sealing effect is generated. The three sealing composite actions form good sealing for the gap between the driven end shaft head and the outflow pipe, and well prevent the leakage of cooling water and bubbling air in the roller shaft cavity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the micro heat pipe;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a circumferential cross-section of a heat pipe mounting hole;
FIG. 5 is a top view of an arc-surface bellows of the air cooling system;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a cooling air nozzle;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a sealing system configuration;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 8;
in the figure, 1-motor; 2-a hydraulic transmission machine; 3-a planetary reducer; 4-coupling; 5-a roller; 6-a roll shaft; 7-roll sleeve; 8-roller teeth; 9-flat bond; 10-the active end shaft head; 11-driven end shaft head; 12-micro-cavity; 13-heat pipe mounting holes; 14-vertical slots; 15-a micro heat pipe; 16-low melting point metal; 17-cooling water-bubbling air integrated pipe; 18-cooling water semi-circular pipe; 19-bubbling air semicircular pipe; 20-cooling water spray heads; 21-bubbling air nozzles; 22-a bubbling air nozzle connecting pipe; 23-sealing metal baffles; 24-a sealing gasket; 25-rolling bearings; 26-a flow outlet pipe; 27-a cooling water flow control valve; 28-bubbling air flow control valve; 29-arc surface bellows; 30-clinker baffles; 31-ash discharge holes; 32-electric double-layer flap valves; 33-laval nozzle; 34-anti-blocking sleeve; 35-cooling air flow control valve; 36-an outflow end cap; 37-ring air seal pipe; 38-a drain pipe; 39-an exhaust pipe; 40-an annular groove; 41-raised annulus; 42-ring air seal air pipe flow control valve; 43-a toroidal balloon; 44-annular bladder V-shaped spout; 45-annular bladder flow control valve; 46 drain flow control valves; 47-exhaust pipe flow control valve; 48-a temperature measuring device; 49-ultrasonic level meter; 50-a bearing seat; 51-a frame; 52-roller shaft cavity.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the summary of the invention and its features, reference is now made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of a roller unit according to the present invention, and fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line a-a in fig. 1. A medium-high temperature roller crusher with an efficient cooling effect comprises a transmission device, a clinker crushing unit, an efficient cooling system, a sealing system and a measurement and control system. The transmission device is composed of a motor 1, a hydraulic transmission machine 2, a planetary reducer 3 and a coupling 4, one end of the hydraulic transmission machine 2 is connected with the motor 1, the other end of the hydraulic transmission machine is connected with the planetary reducer 3, high-speed kinetic energy of the motor 1 is converted into low-speed kinetic energy of the planetary reducer 3, and the planetary reducer 3 is connected with the coupling 4 to drive a clinker crushing unit roller 5 connected with the coupling 4 to rotate stably at a low speed. The clinker crushing unit consists of at least one pair of rollers 5 rotating in opposite directions and a granularity adjusting device; the roller 5 consists of a roller shaft 6 and a roller sleeve 7 which is axially sleeved on the roller shaft 6, and the roller sleeve 7 is fixed on the roller shaft through a flat key 9. The roller sleeve 7 is cast by a material which takes hard nickel cast iron as a matrix and is added with rare earth elements, the material is subjected to high-temperature solid melting heat treatment, not only is high-temperature resistant, but also has extremely high wear resistance, the final state hardness is more than or equal to 50HRC, and particularly, the material has unique red hardness, and the wear resistance does not decrease or increase inversely with the increase of the environmental temperature. The outer surface of the roller sleeve 7 is symmetrically and uniformly provided with roller teeth 8 with the same specification, and the surface of the roller teeth is provided with a laser cladding gradient wear-resistant heat-insulating composite coating, so that the roller sleeve has good heat-insulating and wear-resistant effects; the roller sleeve 7 and the roller shaft 6 form an integrated entity, and clinker is crushed through the extrusion and shearing action between the roller teeth 8 of a pair of rollers 5 which rotate oppositely. The roll shaft 6 is of a hollow structure and is formed by rolling a thick steel plate with a large number of micro-holes 12 on one side surface (the hollow inner surface of the roll shaft after rolling); a plurality of heat pipe mounting holes 13 with radial depth reaching the roller sleeve are uniformly formed on the inner surface of the roller shaft cavity 52 and used for mounting the micro heat pipes 15; the two ends of the roll shaft 6 are respectively provided with a driving end shaft head and a driven end shaft head which are arranged on the bearing seat 50, and the driving end shaft head 10 is connected with a transmission device through a coupling 4. The granularity adjusting device is a roller gap adjusting device, and the roller gap is controlled by increasing or decreasing the quantity of the roller gap gaskets or replacing gaskets with different thicknesses, so that the size of the crushed granularity is adjusted.
The efficient cooling system comprises a heat pipe cooling system, a water cooling system and an air cooling system. The heat pipe cooling system is described with reference to fig. 3 and 4, and the heat pipe cooling system is composed of a heat pipe mounting hole 13, a micro heat pipe 15, and a low-melting-point metal 16 filled in a gap between the micro heat pipe and a roller shaft; the roll shaft section of the heat pipe mounting hole 13 is provided with threads, and the inner surface of the heat pipe mounting hole is symmetrically provided with a pair of vertical grooves 14; the outer surface of the heat insulation section of the micro heat pipe 15 is provided with threads, the micro heat pipe 15 is inserted into the heat pipe mounting hole 13 and then is fixedly connected with the roller shaft section through the threads, the evaporation heat absorption section of the micro heat pipe is positioned at the end of the roller sleeve, the condensation heat release section of the micro heat pipe is positioned in the roller shaft cavity 52, and the low-melting-point metal 16 is filled into the vertical groove 14 of the heat pipe mounting hole 13 to fill the gap between the micro heat pipe 15 and the heat pipe mounting hole 13, so that the contact thermal resistance between the micro heat pipe 15 and the roller 5 is greatly reduced, and the heat. The water cooling system consists of a cooling water-bubbling air integrated pipe 17, a cooling water spray head 20, a bubbling air spray head 21, a sealing metal baffle plate 23, a sealing gasket 24, a rolling bearing 25, an outlet pipe 26, a cooling water flow control valve 27 and a bubbling air flow control valve 28. The cooling water-bubbling air integrated pipe 17 is formed by forming two grooves on the inner surface of a circular pipe, inserting a partition plate into the grooves and welding the partition plate on the grooves to form an upper semicircular pipe and a lower semicircular pipe, wherein the upper semicircular pipe is a cooling water semicircular pipe 18, the lower semicircular pipe is a bubbling air semicircular pipe 19, the tail end of the lower semicircular pipe is sealed, and the lower semicircular pipe and a roller shaft 6 are coaxially arranged in a roller shaft cavity 52 of the cooling water-bubbling air integrated pipe. The periphery of the cooling water semi-circular pipe 18 is provided with a plurality of rows of cooling water spray heads 20 which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction at equal intervals, and the cooling water with certain pressure is sprayed out from the cooling water spray heads 20 at a high speed to form jet impact on the inner wall surface of the upper area of the roll shaft 6 and the outer surface of the condensation end of the micro heat pipe 15, so that the heat release speed of the inner surface of the upper half area of the roll shaft 6 and the heat release speed of the heat pipe are greatly increased. The circumference of the bubbling air semi-circular pipe 19 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes at equal intervals along the axial direction, and is welded with the bubbling air nozzle connecting pipe 22; the bubbling air nozzle connecting pipe 22 is in threaded connection with the bubbling air nozzle 21, and the depth of the bubbling air nozzle 22 immersed in the accumulated water in the roller shaft cavity 52 can be adjusted by adjusting the screwing-in degree of the threads; when the heat pipe works, air with certain pressure is sprayed out from the bubbling air spray head 22, bubbling stirring is formed in cooling water accumulated in the roller shaft cavity 52, and the heat transfer speed of accumulated water in the roller shaft cavity 52, the inner surface of the roller shaft immersed in the water and the heat release section of the micro heat pipe 15 is greatly increased. The sealing metal baffle 23 is matched with a sealing gasket 24 and tightly fixed between the roll shaft 6 and the driving end shaft head 10 through stud connection to form sealing for the driving end of the roll shaft cavity 52, so that cooling water and bubbling air are prevented from leaking outwards from the driving end shaft head 10, meanwhile, a groove is formed in the center of the sealing metal baffle 23, and a rolling bearing 25 is arranged to fixedly support the cooling water-bubbling air integrated pipe 17. The diameter of the flow outlet pipe 26 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the driven end shaft head 12, the flow outlet pipe is arranged in the driven end shaft head 12, and the flow outlet pipe is coaxially sleeved outside the cooling water-bubbling air integrated pipe 17; the space enclosed by the inner surface of the outflow pipe 26 and the outer surface of the cooling water-bubbling air integrated pipe 17 forms a discharge channel for cooling accumulated water and bubbling air in the roller shaft cavity 52. The cooling water flow control valve 27 and the bubbling air flow control valve 28 are respectively installed at the inlet ends of the cooling water semicircular tube 18 and the bubbling air semicircular tube 19 of the cooling water-bubbling air integrated tube 17, and the amount of the cooling water bubbling air is adjusted according to the cooling effect.
The construction and operation of the air cooling system will be described with reference to fig. 5, 6 and 7. The air cooling system consists of an arc-surface air box 29, a clinker baffle 30, an ash discharge hole 31, an electric double-layer flap valve 32, a Laval nozzle 33 and a cooling air flow control valve 35. The arc-surface bellows 29 is formed by welding two independent bellows, an ash discharge gap is reserved in the middle, the arc-surface bellows is fixedly arranged below the roller 5 through a rack 51, and the distance from the center to the outer edge of the arc-surface bellows to the outer surface of the lower part of the roller 5 is gradually reduced. The electric double-layer flap valve 32 is arranged at an ash discharge gap in the middle of the arc-surface bellows 29 and used for ensuring good sealing during ash discharge and preventing a large amount of cooling air leakage between the roller and the arc-surface bellows. The clinker baffles 30 are arranged on one side of the arc-surface air box close to the roller for discharging and are used for preventing clinker from leaking into the upper surface 29 of the arc-surface air box; an ash discharge hole 31 is arranged between the clinker baffles for discharging the blocked clinker in time. The Laval nozzles 33 are uniformly arranged on the upper surface of the circular arc surface bellows 29; in order to greatly improve the anti-blocking performance of the laval nozzle 33, an anti-blocking sleeve 34 is arranged outside the laval nozzle 33, and the edge of the anti-blocking sleeve is higher than the outlet of the laval nozzle 33 by a certain height. And the cooling air flow control valve 35 is arranged at an air inlet of the circular arc surface bellows 29 and is used for adjusting the air injection quantity of the cooling air. When the roller crusher works, high-pressure air in the circular-arc-surface air box firstly impacts the outer surface of the roller 5 at a supersonic speed through the Laval nozzle 33 to form high-speed impact cooling on the surface of the roller, then cooling air is collected in a flow channel between the circular-arc-surface air box and the roller, the sectional area is gradually reduced along the flow direction and flows in an accelerated manner, secondary cooling which is very beneficial to cooling the surface of the roller is formed, and the cooling speed on the surface of the roller 5 is greatly accelerated.
The sealing system construction and the working principle of sealing the gap between the driven end stub shaft and the outflow pipe are described with reference to fig. 8 and 9. The sealing system consists of an outflow end cover 36, an annular air sealing pipe 37, a drain pipe 38, an exhaust pipe 39, an annular groove 40, an annular air bag 43, an annular air sealing pipe flow control valve 42 and an annular air bag flow control valve 45; and the combined sealing of the sealing cavity air seal of the gap between the outflow pipe 26 and the driven end shaft head 11, the curved seal of the gap between the outflow end cover 36 and the end face of the driven end shaft head 11 and the annular air bag air seal of the gap outlet are completed. The outflow end cover 36 wraps the driven end shaft head 11 in a non-contact manner and is communicated with the outflow pipe 26 in a welding manner; the upper half part of the water tank is connected with an opening of the exhaust pipe 39, and the lower half part of the water tank is connected with the drainage pipe 38. The inner surface and the end surface of the driven end shaft head 11 are both provided with a plurality of annular grooves 40, high-pressure gas is sprayed into the annular grooves 40 from multiple points in the circumferential direction through the annular gas seal gas pipe 37, positive pressure is formed in the cavity of the annular grooves 40, gas seal is generated, and the gas seal of a sealing cavity of a gap between the outflow pipe 26 and the driven end shaft head 11 is completed; the inlet of the annular air seal pipe 37 is provided with a flow control valve for adjusting the sealing effect. A plurality of convex ring belts 41 are embedded in the outflow end cover, the convex ring belts 41 are inserted into the annular grooves 40 on the end faces of the driven shaft heads corresponding to the convex ring belts to form multiple curved seals, and the curved seal sealing of the gap between the outflow end cover 36 and the end face of the driven shaft head 11 is completed. The annular air bag 43 is arranged at the outlet of the gap between the outflow end cover and the driven shaft head, and an annular air bag V-shaped nozzle 44 is arranged on the outlet side facing the gap; when the air sealing device works, the V-shaped nozzle 44 of the annular air bag sprays high-pressure air to the gap outlet to generate positive pressure to form air seal, and the air seal of the annular air bag to the gap outlet is completed; the air inlet of the annular air bag 43 is provided with a flow control valve 45 for regulating the air seal pressure.
The measurement and control system adopts a DCS control system and consists of a cooling water flow control valve 27 and a bubbling air flow control valve 28 which are arranged on the inlet end of a cooling water-bubbling air pipe, a cooling air flow control valve 35 on the air inlet end of an arc-surface air box 39, an annular air-sealed air pipe flow control valve 42 on the inlet end of an annular air-sealed air pipe 37, an annular air bag flow control valve 45 on the inlet end of an annular air bag 43, a drain pipe flow control valve 46 on the outlet end of a drain pipe 38, an exhaust pipe flow control valve 47 on the outlet end of an exhaust pipe 39, a temperature measuring device 48 on the surfaces of the drain pipe, the outlet of the exhaust pipe and a roller sleeve, an; when the intelligent monitoring system runs, the temperature signals, the flow signals and the liquid level signals of all monitoring points are processed and transmitted by the computer and the DCS control system, and then the execution signals are sent to the execution mechanism, so that the temperature, the flow and the liquid level are controlled.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof in any way on the structure, materials or shape thereof. It is within the scope of the present invention to modify the above embodiments in any equivalent manner consistent with the spirit of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A middle-high temperature roller crusher with high-efficiency cooling effect comprises a transmission device, a clinker crushing unit, a high-efficiency cooling system, a sealing system and a measurement and control system; the transmission device consists of a motor, a hydraulic transmission machine and a planetary reducer, wherein the motor is connected with the hydraulic transmission machine, the hydraulic transmission machine is then connected with the planetary reducer, and the hydraulic transmission machine is connected with the clinker crushing unit through a coupling to drive the rollers to rotate; the clinker crushing unit consists of at least one pair of rollers rotating in opposite directions, and each roller consists of a roller shaft and a roller sleeve which is axially sleeved on the roller shaft and is uniformly provided with roller teeth; the high-efficiency cooling system consists of a heat pipe cooling system, a water cooling system and an air cooling system; the heat pipe cooling system is composed of a miniature heat pipe and a heat pipe mounting hole, and is characterized in that: the surface of the heat insulation section of the micro heat pipe is provided with threads; the heat pipe mounting holes are blind holes and are uniformly formed in the inner surface of the roll shaft, the holes reach the roll sleeve layer and have enough safety distance from the outer surface of the roll sleeve, the roll shaft section of each heat pipe mounting hole is provided with internal threads, and a pair of vertical grooves reaching the bottom of each hole are symmetrically formed in the roll shaft section of each heat pipe mounting hole; when the micro heat pipe is inserted into the heat pipe mounting hole, the micro heat pipe is fixedly connected with the thread of the roller shaft section of the heat pipe mounting hole through the thread on the outer surface of the heat insulation section, the evaporation section of the micro heat pipe is positioned in the mounting hole, and the condensation heat release section of the micro heat pipe is exposed in the cavity area of the roller shaft; pouring molten low-melting-point metal into the gap between the filled micro heat pipe and the heat pipe mounting hole along the vertical groove of the heat pipe mounting hole; the water cooling system is composed of a cooling water-bubbling air integrated pipe, a cooling water spray head, a bubbling air spray head connecting pipe, a sealing metal baffle, a rolling bearing, an outflow pipe and a flow control valve, and is characterized in that: the cooling water-bubbling air integrated pipe is divided into an upper semicircular pipe and a lower semicircular pipe which are independent parts, wherein the upper semicircular pipe is a cooling water semicircular pipe, the lower semicircular pipe is a bubbling air semicircular pipe, the tail end of the cooling water-bubbling air integrated pipe is sealed, and the cooling water-bubbling air integrated pipe and the roller shaft are coaxially arranged in a cavity of the cooling water-bubbling air integrated pipe; a plurality of rows of cooling water spray heads which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are axially arranged on the circumferential surface of the cooling water semi-circular pipe at equal intervals, a plurality of bubbling air spray head connecting pipes with internal threads are axially arranged on the circumferential surface of the bubbling air semi-circular pipe at equal intervals, and are in threaded connection with the inlet end of the bubbling air spray head, and the up-and-down movement property of the bubbling air spray head is maintained; the sealing metal baffle plate is matched with the gasket and is arranged at the joint of the roll shaft and the shaft head of the driving end through a stud, and the center of the metal baffle plate is provided with a roll shaft which is connected with and fixed with the cooling water-bubbling air integrated pipe; the cooling water and the bubbling air flow control valve are respectively arranged at the inlet ends of a cooling water semi-circular pipe and a bubbling air semi-circular pipe of the cooling water-bubbling air integrated pipe; the air cooling system is composed of an arc-surface air box, a Laval nozzle, a double-layer gravity flap valve, a clinker baffle and a flow control valve, and is characterized in that: the arc-surface air box consists of two independent air boxes, and an ash discharge gap is reserved between the independent air boxes; the arc-surface air box is fixedly arranged below the roller by the rack, and the distance from the center of the arc-surface air box to the outer edge of the arc-surface air box to the roller is gradually reduced; the electric double-layer flap valve is arranged at an ash discharge gap between two independent air boxes of the arc-surface air box; the clinker baffles are arranged on one side of the arc-surface air box close to the roller for discharging, and ash discharge holes are formed in the arc-surface air box between the clinker baffles; the Laval nozzles are uniformly arranged on the upper surface of the circular-arc-surface bellows, anti-blocking sleeves are arranged outside the Laval nozzles, and the edge openings of the sleeves are higher than the outlets of the Laval nozzles by a certain height; the cooling air flow control valve is arranged at an air inlet of the circular-arc-surface bellows; the sealing system consists of an outflow end cover, annular grooves on the inner surface and the end surface of a driven end shaft head, an annular air sealing air pipe, a drain pipe, an exhaust pipe, an annular air bag V-shaped nozzle, an annular air sealing air pipe flow control valve and an annular air bag flow control valve; the inner surface and the end surface of the driven end shaft head are both provided with a plurality of annular grooves, the outflow end cover wraps the driven end shaft head in a non-contact manner, and a raised ring belt is arranged at the position corresponding to the annular groove at the end surface of the driven end shaft head and clamped in the annular groove at the end surface of the driven end shaft head; the outflow end cover is welded and fixed with the outflow pipe, the upper opening of the outflow end cover is communicated with the exhaust pipe, and the lower opening of the outflow end cover is communicated with the drain pipe; an annular air bag is arranged at the outlet of the gap between the outflow end cover and the shaft head of the driven end head, a flow control valve is installed at the inlet end of the annular air bag, and a V-shaped nozzle facing the gap outlet is arranged in the circumferential direction of the annular air bag; the air cavity air seal, the driven end shaft head end surface curve seal and the annular air bag air seal of a gap outlet form the annular groove of the driven end shaft head; the measurement and control system adopts a DCS measurement and control system and consists of a cooling water flow control valve and a bubbling air flow control valve which are arranged at the inlet end of a cooling water-bubbling air integrated pipe, a cooling air flow control valve arranged at the inlet end of an arc-surface air box, a flow control valve arranged at the inlet end of an annular air sealing air pipe, a flow control valve arranged at the inlet end of an annular air bag, a flow control valve arranged on a drain pipe and an exhaust pipe, an ultrasonic liquid level meter arranged on a driven end shaft head, a temperature measuring device arranged on the surface of the drain pipe, the outlet of the exhaust.
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| CN201811254319.1A CN109201188B (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2018-10-26 | Middle-high temperature roller crusher with efficient cooling effect |
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| CN110178556A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-08-30 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of replaceable abrasion serrated roller cylinder mechanism |
| CN110756290A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2020-02-07 | 琥崧智能装备(太仓)有限公司 | Rotating shaft cooling structure, sand mill and cooling method |
| CN114054146B (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-11-15 | 安徽理工大学 | Adjust screening formula gangue separator in pit |
| CN114367366A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-04-19 | 南京特丰药业股份有限公司 | Low-melting-point, thermosensitive and hygroscopic large material crushing device |
| CN114887711A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-12 | 铜陵有色兴铜机电制造有限公司 | Crushing roller cooling system |
| CN118268072B (en) * | 2024-06-04 | 2024-08-16 | 陕西利民粮油工贸有限公司 | Cereal milling device |
| CN118341990B (en) * | 2024-06-18 | 2024-10-22 | 大连杰达重工机电设备有限公司 | Laser additive manufacturing equipment for steel rail repair |
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| DE102004056750A1 (en) * | 2004-11-24 | 2006-06-01 | F.B. Lehmann Maschinenfabrik Gmbh | Roller, in particular rotatable roller for a five-roll mill for the production of chocolate |
| KR100727029B1 (en) * | 2005-08-25 | 2007-06-12 | 베스트화학기계공업(주) | Horizontal type mill |
| CN2866518Y (en) * | 2006-01-18 | 2007-02-07 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Fast cooling spraying box capable of suppressing strap steel vibration for continuous annealing |
| CN1861262A (en) * | 2006-06-06 | 2006-11-15 | 康建文 | Heat-pipe cooling type grinding roller |
| CN201510904U (en) * | 2009-09-27 | 2010-06-23 | 河南工业大学 | Cooling grinding roller suitable for pair roller type grinding machine |
| CN203170388U (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-09-04 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Roller shaft water cooling device of single-roller crushing machine of sintering machine |
| CN103537333A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-01-29 | 富士摩根冷却机（天津）有限公司 | Roller shaft assembly having air cooling structure and used for crushing machine and air cooling roller shaft type crushing machine |
| CN205236048U (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-05-18 | 湖南互力达涂料科技有限公司 | Roller for three -roller |
| CN206392151U (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-08-11 | 乌鲁木齐市祥瑞麒麟食品有限公司 | A kind of flour mill rotating heat pipe formula cools down grinding roller |
| CN108673254B (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2019-08-09 | 上海正如金属制品有限公司 | A kind of work-piece polishing device and its polishing process |
| CN108636496A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-10-12 | 杨军 | A kind of rotary sinter cake crusher of water cooling |
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