CN109200060A - Class oxidase active of nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball and application thereof - Google Patents
Class oxidase active of nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
This application involves class oxidase actives of nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball and application thereof, specifically, this application involves the class oxidase active of nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball and its purposes in oncotherapy, anti-infective therapy and sewage treatment.
Description
Technical field
The application belongs to the crossing domain of nano biological medicine, nanotechnology, oncobiology etc..Particularly, the application
It is related to the medical application of nano material.More specifically, this application involves the class oxidase active of nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball and its
Purposes in oncotherapy, anti-infective therapy and sewage treatment.
Background technique
The research of nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon material (N-doped carbon nanomaterials) has become international carbon materials
One of the hot spot in material field.Nitrogen-atoms valence electron more than carbon atom, N doping can be formed after entering the six-membered ring structure of carbon
The nitrogen-containing functional groups such as pyridine, pyrroles, graphite nitrogen, pyridine-N-oxide, not only can be improved the chemical mobility of the surface of nano-carbon material,
Its electronic structure can be also adjusted, to change the catalytic activity of nano carbon microsphere, electric conductivity and absorption property etc. [1,2].
Traditional nitrogen-doped nanometer material is widely used in oxygen reduction reaction (oxygen reduction reaction, ORR) [3], super
The fields such as capacitor [4] and electrochemistry and biosensor [5].But so far, do not have and be applied to biomedicine
Report.
In 2007, the present inventor had found inorganic Fe for the first time in the world3O4Nano particle etc. inherently has inherent life
Object enzymatic activity [6], and this nano material with intrinsic activity is known as nano enzyme [7].It was found that the report of nano enzyme draws
The upsurge of neck nanometer enzyme granulate research, has the different nano enzyme seed activities of nearly hundred kinds of nano materials to be reported [8,9] successively,
And it is widely used in nano biological medicine technology field, such as the diagnosis of bio-sensing, bio-imaging, organizational project, tumour
With treatment etc. [10-12].
So far, do not have whether nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon material or nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball have the active report of fermentoid.
Summary of the invention
The first aspect of the present invention is related to the purposes that nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball is used as oxidizing ferment.
In some embodiments, the purposes is in vitro use or vivo purposes.In some embodiments, the use
Way is treatment and/or diagnostic uses.In some embodiments, the purposes is non-treatment and/or non-diagnostic purposes.
The second aspect of the present invention is related to nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball and is preparing the drug for treating the tumour in subject
In purposes.
The third aspect of the present invention relates to the use of the method for the tumour in nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball treatment subject comprising
The nano carbon microsphere of the N doping is applied to subject.
The fourth aspect of the present invention is related to nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball, is used to treat the tumour in subject.
In some embodiments, the tumour is selected from solid tumor, it is preferable that the tumour is selected from brain tumor, incidence
Squamous cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, cancer of the esophagus, gastric cancer, cancer of pancreas, gallbladder cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, mammary gland
Cancer, oophoroma, cervical carcinoma, carcinoma of endometrium, sarcoma of uterus, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, clear-cell carcinoma or melanoma, it is more excellent
Selection of land, the tumour are selected from hepatocellular carcinoma or hepatoblastoma.
The fifth aspect of the present invention is related to nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball and is preparing the purposes in anti-infectives.
The sixth aspect of the present invention relates to the use of the method for the infection in nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball treatment subject comprising
The nano carbon microsphere of the N doping is applied to subject.
The seventh aspect of the present invention is related to nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball, is used to prepare anti-infectives.
In some embodiments, the infection is selected from bacterium infection, actinomycotic infection, fungal infection, virus infection, clothing
Pathogen infection, mycoplasma infection, rickettsial infection, conveyor screw and prion-infected one or more, it is preferable that described
Infection is one or more selected from bacterium infection, actinomycotic infection and fungal infection, it is preferable that and the infection is bacterium infection,
It is highly preferred that the infection is streptococcus, staphylococcus or charrin disease.
The eighth aspect of the present invention is related to nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball for handling the purposes of the sewage containing organic matter.
In some embodiments, the organic matter is selected from phenols, aldehydes, carbohydrate, fat, albumen, cellulose
It is one or more, it is preferable that the organic matter is benzene.
In some embodiments, the particle size range of the nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball is between 20-200nm, it is preferable that grain
Diameter range is 50-150nm, it is highly preferred that particle size range is 70-140nm.
In some embodiments, the nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball is further incorporated into metallic element, it is preferable that the metal
Element is selected from the one or more of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ce and Mn, it is highly preferred that it is Fe, Ni, Ce, Mn that the metallic element, which is selected from,
It is one or more with Cu.It is furthermore preferred that the metallic element is Fe.
In some embodiments, the nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball is modified with targeting protein further progress, it is preferable that
The targeting protein is selected from antibody, ligand or receptor, it is preferable that the targeting protein is full people H ferritin.
In some embodiments, the nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball is made using following methods:
1) nitrogen substance is introduced during forming carbon matrix precursor；
2) it is carbonized.
In some embodiments, the nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball is made using following methods:
1) introduce melamine during forming carbon matrix precursor, wherein carbon matrix precursor be phenol, and melamine with
The mass ratio of phenol is 1:5~5:1, it is preferable that 1:3~3:1, it is highly preferred that 1:2~2:1, most preferably, 1:1；2) exist
Be carbonized 1-8hr at 500-1200 DEG C, it is preferable that and temperature is 600-1000 DEG C, it is highly preferred that 700-900 DEG C, it is highly preferred that
750-850 DEG C, it is preferable that carbonization time 1.5-6hr, it is highly preferred that 2-5hr, it is highly preferred that 2.5-4hr, it is further preferred that
2.5-3.5hr, most preferably, 3hr.
In other words, in the present invention, applicant has found for the first time, and nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball (N-carbon) has natural
Oxidase active, wherein oxidase active is similar with Bovinelactoperoxidase in organism, in the presence of oxygen, can produce strong
Free radical, to carry out oxidation reaction to substrate.And the doping of the metallic atoms such as iron can effectively improve its class oxidizing ferment and urge
Change activity.The present inventor by the N-Carbon with oxidase active be applied to tumour interior therapeutic, discovery without it is any its
The addition of his drug, N-carbon can conspicuousness killing tumor cell, have good therapeutic effect.Moreover, utilizing N-
The oxidase active of carbon can also realize anti-infective therapy and the processing containing organic wastewater.Therefore, the present invention is not only first
It is secondary to confirm that nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball has oxidase active, it was found that it can be used for treating tumour, at anti-infective and sewage
The purposes such as reason.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 Carbon (A figure), transmission electron microscope (TEM) characterization of N-carbon (B figure) and the light to two kinds of materials
Electron spectroscopy analysis (C figure).TME Electronic Speculum the result shows that, N, which is adulterated, will not influence the pattern and size of nano carbon microsphere, photoelectron energy
Spectrum analysis shows that N is adulterated successfully.
The high-resolution projection electron microscope (A figure) of Fig. 2 N-carbon and scanning projection electron microscope (B-D figure)
Characterization.
The measurement of Fig. 3 difference nano material oxidase active.* * p < 0.001, One way ANOVA analyzes various concentration
Under, N-carbon and Carbon or Fe3O4The difference value of nano enzyme.
Fig. 4 O2Influence of the content to N-carbon oxidase active.Change O in reaction system2Content to entire oxidation
The influence of enzyme reaction is significant, improves O2Content can be greatly facilitated the progress of reaction, reduce O2Content can inhibit entirely to react
Progress.
Fig. 5 N-carbon can significant killing tumor cell HepG2, and Carbon nano particle cannot.(A figure) fluorescence
The N-carbon of label enters the subcellular localization after tumour cell HepG2.(B figure) to N-carbon, Carbon and PBS at
Hydroxyl radical free radical detects in tumour cell after reason；Influence of (C figure) difference nano material to HepG2 cell survival rate.
Fig. 6 N-carbon has the tumor killing effect of conspicuousness to in-vivo tumour.The tumour growth of (A figure) tumor-bearing mice is bent
Line；After (B figure) administration, the changes of weight of tumor-bearing mice；After (C figure) administration, the life cycle of tumor-bearing mice.Position shown in arrow is
The time point of administration.Life cycle statistical method is Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test.
Fig. 7 N-carbon, HFn-N-carbon and PBS handle the inhibition growth result to tumour.
After Fig. 8 Fe doping, Fe-N-carbon has stronger oxidase active.A figure and B figure are to Fe-N-carbon
XPS Analysis.The result shows that being successfully mixed with Fe in nano carbon microsphere.C figure be to Carbon, N-carbon and
The oxidase active of Fe-N-carbon characterizes.The result shows that Fe is adulterated, the oxidation enzyme activity of nano carbon microsphere can be further enhanced
Property.
After the doping of Fig. 9 different metal, the influence to N-carbon particle oxidase active.Wherein, by carbon ball and traditional
Magnetic particle Fe3O4, and carbon ball N0, N-carbon (N3) undoped with N and the high carbon ball N-HCNs of doping N ratio carry out
Quantitative comparison.
Figure 10 Fe-N-carbon nano particle is used for the treatment of wound microbiological contamination.Compared with buffer group, Fe-N-carbon
Nano particle treatment group heals quickly.
The oxidase active of Figure 11 N-carbon, the benzene-like compounds in the sewage that can effectively degrade, realizes the purification of sewage
Processing.A, gas chromatography-mass spectrography (GC-MS) are characterized to benzene-containing wastewater and by N-carbon treated waste water.B, it is dirty
Effect picture of the water after N-carbon particle disposal.
Specific embodiment
Definition
As used herein, term " nano carbon microsphere " refers to that scale is nanoscale, and pattern is spherical carbon particle, composition
For C, N, O, partial size between 20-200nm, as 20nm, 30nm, 40nm, 50nm, 60nm, 70nm, 80nm, 90nm, 100nm,
110nm, 120nm, 130nm, 140nm, 150nm, 160nm, 170nm, 180nm, 190nm, 200nm, such as 20-180nm, 30-
160nm、 40-150nm、50-150nm、60-150nm、70-150nm、80-140nm、90-140nm、 100-130nm、110-
130nm, 115-125nm, 20-140nm, 30-130nm, 40-120nm, 50-110nm, 60-100nm, 70-90nm, other shapes
Some particles of shape, such as nanometer rods, nanometer sheet, the nitrogenous carbon material such as nano flower also have simulation oxidase active.Of the invention
The boundary partial size upper limit of nano carbon microsphere is 300nm.The size distribution of nano carbon microsphere of the invention is relatively uniform, but size distribution is
The enzymatic activity of no uniform not substantial effect nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball of the invention.Nano carbon microsphere used in the present invention can benefit
It is prepared with any method known in the art.
As used herein, term " nano carbon microsphere of N doping " refers in carbon skeleton doped with the nanometer of nitrogen (N) atom
Carbon ball is specifically exactly that N atom is mixed in carbonization structure.This field knows how N atom mixing nano carbon microsphere
Method is such as added melamine, contains in presoma for example, a kind of conventional method is exactly that nitrogen substance is added in presoma
The amount of nitrogen material directly affects the nitrogen content of final nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball, also at the method for useful post-processing, such as NH3 gas
Reason etc..Generally require high temperature cabonization process or high-temperature process.Carbonisation also has larger shadow to the nitrogen content of final product
It rings, with the raising of carburizing temperature, the extension of carbonization time can all cause the reduction of nitrogen content.N doping used in the present invention
Nano carbon microsphere N doping ratio be 0.5-15at%, as 0.5-13at%, 0.5-12%, 1-11at%, 1-9at%,
1.5-8at%, 2-7at%, 2-6at%, 2.5-5at%, 2.5-4.5at%, as 0.6at%, 0.8at%, 1at%,
1.2at%, 1.4at%, 1.6at%, 1.8at%, 2.0at%, 2.2at%, 2.4at%, 2.6at%, 2.8at%,
3.0at%, 3.5at%, 4.0at%, 4.5at%, 5.0at%, 5.5at%, 6.0at%, 6.5at%, 7.0at%,
7.5at%, 8.0at%, 8.5at%, 9.0at%, 9.5at%, 10.0at%, 11.0at%, 12.0at%, 13.0at%,
14.0at%.
The enzymatic activity of nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball of the invention is related to particle size, and partial size is smaller, and catalysis efficiency is higher,
Catalytic efficiency is also related with all many conditions such as specific surface area, nitrogen content.Nitrogenous, large specific surface area nitrogenous carbon ball can use this
Prepared by any method in field, have height difference but similar effect.The enzymatic activity of nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball of the invention exists
It is played under acid ph value environment lower than 7, such as pH value is 1-6.5,2-6,3-5.5,3.5-5,4.0-4.5, such as pH is
2.5,3,3.5,4,4.5,5.0,5.5 or 6.0.
As used herein, term " continuing to adulterate the nano carbon microsphere of the N doping of other metallic elements " refers to and continues to adulterate it
One of nano carbon microsphere of the N doping of its metallic element, such as incorporation Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ce, Mn are a variety of, such as 2 kinds, 3
Kind, 4 kinds or more, it is preferable that the metallic element of the incorporation is Fe.
As used herein, term " oxidizing ferment " refers to a kind of enzyme for capableing of catalytic oxidation-reduction reaction, particularly, by oxygen
It is during the reaction a kind of protease of hydrogen peroxide or water by oxygen reduction as the receptor of electronics." class aoxidizes enzyme activity
Property " refer to the general name with a kind of catalytic activity similar to oxidase active.
As used herein, nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball refers to as the purposes of oxidizing ferment, the class based on nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball
Oxidase active, the function that Native Oxide enzyme known in the art may be implemented may be by the class oxygen of nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball
Change enzymatic activity to realize.
As used herein, term " tumour " includes solid tumor, in some embodiments, the tumour be selected from brain tumor,
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, cancer of the esophagus, gastric cancer, cancer of pancreas, gallbladder cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer,
Breast cancer, oophoroma, cervical carcinoma, carcinoma of endometrium, sarcoma of uterus, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, clear-cell carcinoma, melanoma etc.
Human body solid tumor.
As used herein, inhibit tumour growth to refer to after drug-treated, the size of tumour relative to control group, by
The therapeutic effect that apparent inhibition, i.e. drug have conspicuousness to tumour.
In some embodiments, nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball of the invention can be with powder agent, suspension or solution
Form provides, such as containing pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.Nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball of the invention can be by suitable means
It is administered to subject, such as is administered to subject by way of intravenous injection or entity tumor direct injection.
The subject includes birds, reptile, mammal etc..Preferably, mammal include rodent,
Primate, it is preferable that primate includes people.
As used herein, targeting protein refers to the albumen that can target particular target in subject's body.For example, targeting
Albumen can be antibody, ligand, receptor with targeting.In one embodiment, targeting protein is full people H iron egg
It is white.
As used herein, anti-infective therapy refers to the bacterial infection common for wound, such as streptococcus, staphylococcus
The infection of (staphylococcus aureus), pseudomonas aeruginosa etc. has therapeutic effect.It is of the invention when for anti-infective therapy
Nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball can provide in the form of compositions, and it includes pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.Such as the N doping
Nano carbon microsphere can with solution, lotion, emulsion, pulvis, ointment, Wet-dressing agent, spit of fland agent, patch, paste, gelling agent, emplastrum,
The forms such as glue film agent provide.
As used herein, pharmaceutically acceptable carrier refers to the pharmaceutical carrier of pharmaceutical field routine, such as: dilution
Agent, excipient and water etc., filler such as starch, sucrose, lactose, microcrystalline cellulose etc.；Adhesive such as cellulose derivative, alginic acid
Salt, gelatin and polyvinylpyrrolidone；Wetting agent such as glycerol；Disintegrating agent such as sodium carboxymethyl starch, hydroxypropylcellulose are crosslinked carboxylic first
Base cellulose, agar, calcium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate；Sorbefacient such as quaternary ammonium compound；Surfactant such as hexadecanol, ten
Sodium dialkyl sulfate；Absorption carrier such as kaolin and soap clay；Lubricant such as talcum powder, calcium stearate and magnesium, superfine silica gel powder and
Polyethylene glycol etc..In addition it can which other adjuvants such as flavouring agent, sweetener etc. are added in the composition.
As used herein, the waste water containing organic matter refers to by the discharge of the industries such as papermaking, leather and food containing organic matter
Waste water, in some embodiments, the content of the organic matter is in 2000mg/L or more waste water.Containing a large amount of in these waste water
The organic matters such as carbohydrate, fat, albumen, cellulose will cause serious pollution if direct emission.
The present invention will be further illustrated by following non-limiting embodiments below, it is well known to those skilled in the art, not
In the case where spirit of that invention, many modifications can be made to the present invention, such modification also falls into the scope of the present invention.
Following experimental methods are conventional method unless otherwise instructed, used experimental material unless otherwise instructed,
It can easily be obtained from commercial company.Chemical reagent in the present embodiment is purchased from Sigma- unless specifically stated otherwise
Aldrich Inc.(USA)。
The preparation and characterization of 1. nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball (referred to as N-Carbon) of embodiment
1.798g melamine, 2.1mL formlinata aquae concentratac (37.0wt%) and 15mL distilled water are in three-neck flask
It mixes, and is stirred evenly under the conditions of 80 DEG C, obtain colourless transparent solution.Then, 0.6g phenol is added into above-mentioned solution,
2.1mL formalin solution (37.0wt%) and 15 mL NaOH (0.1molL-1) solution, it is small that 0.5 is stirred under the conditions of 66 DEG C
When (h) to obtain the phenolic resin of low molecular weight (molecular weight is less than 10000 dalton).Then 15mL is added into reaction system
Block copolymer Pluronic F127 (0.7g), with the speed of 350rpm, after stirring 2 h under the conditions of 66 DEG C, to reaction solution
Middle addition 50mL distilled water, the reaction was continued.During the reaction, reaction solution becomes pink colour by colourless, eventually becomes peony.Instead
After answering for 24 hours, reaction terminating has precipitating to occur.Static a period of time, precipitating can redissolve, the reaction solution for then obtaining 17.7mL
It is transferred in autoclave (reactor volume 30ml) and is heated to 130 DEG C of reactions for 24 hours.Finally, by centrifugation (8000 revs/min of revolving speed, 5
Minute) product is collected, after washing several times, drying at room temperature.The dried powder of acquisition is in N2Under the conditions of 800 DEG C carbonization to remove
Pluronic F127 template, it is final to obtain nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball nano particle (N-carbon nanoparticles, abbreviation
For N-Carbon).As control, and the nano carbon microsphere particle of the nitrogen that undopes (Carbon nanoparticles, referred to as
Carbon) simultaneously synthesizing, it is distinguished as being added without melamine in the above system.
The pattern of Carbon, N-carbon nano particle utilizes transmission electron microscope (Tecnai 12, Philip, lotus
It is blue) characterization.As a result as shown in the A figure of Fig. 1, B figure, the size of the Carbon and N-carbon nano particle of acquisition is 100nm.
Undope nitrogen nano carbon microsphere particle with adulterate nitrogen particle indifference.The XPS Analysis surface (XPS) is in doping nitrogen
With the presence of apparent N, O (C of Fig. 1 schemes) in nano carbon microsphere N-carbon, and do not have without N doping.This shows nano carbon microsphere
Middle N is adulterated successfully.
The pattern of N-carbon nano particle further passes through high-resolution projection electron microscope (HRTEM) imaging table
Sign.As shown in the A figure of Fig. 2, it is seen that the particle of uniform 100nm or so.The homogeneity of N-carbon difference nano particle and same
Matter is characterized by scanning projection electron microscope (STEM).As shown in the B-D figure of Fig. 2, by different N-carbon
The STEM of nano particle is characterized, and different single N-carbon nano particles has same Elemental redistribution, wherein the C figure of Fig. 2
It is distributed for the k-edge of C, the k-edge distribution that the D figure of Fig. 2 is N.As it can be seen that N-carbon nano particle is that a kind of composition distribution is equal
One nano particle.The quantitative data of the incorporation of N is measured by the methods of elemental analyser, XPS, power spectrum.This experiment
Nitrogen incorporation under middle specified criteria is 3.37at%, N-5 2.85at% to N-3.Wherein at% refers to that atomicity percentage contains
Amount.
Embodiment 2.N-carbon has oxidase active
The oxidase active of N-carbon is the direct oxidation chromogenic substrate TMB in sodium-acetate buffer, by detecting oxygen
Change tmb substrate to be measured in the absorption peak of 652nm specificity.Reaction system is as follows: containing various concentration N-carbon
It is (final concentration of that 10 μ L TMB are added in the reaction solution 1.0mL (0.1M sodium-acetate buffer, pH 4.25) of nano particle
0.416mM).After room temperature reaction 10 minutes (min), with absorption of microplate reader (Bio-Rad) measurement reaction system at 652nm
Peak, to measure its enzymatic activity and power.Fe is used in experiment3O4The nano carbon microsphere Carbon of nano enzyme and the nitrogen that undopes is as yin
Property control.It tests and has confirmed, Fe3O4Nano enzyme does not have oxidase active.
As a result as shown in figure 3, N-carbon shows typical oxidase active, in acid condition, can directly by
Substrate TMB oxidation, and Fe3O4The Carbon nano particle of nano enzyme and the nitrogen that undopes does not have this activity.
Embodiment 3.O2Influence to N-carbon oxidase active
Oxydase reaction system is the same as embodiment 2.Before the reaction, nitrogen (N2) processing group, it is anti-that processing is bubbled with nitrogen in advance
System 40min is answered, then in N2Oxydase reaction and measurement are carried out under compression ring border；Air-treatment group is the same as embodiment 2；Oxygen (O2)
Processing group is to be bubbled processing reaction system 40min in advance with oxygen, is saturated reaction solution oxygen, then carries out oxidizing ferment again
Reaction and measurement.Nanodrop2000 (Thermo Fisher) measurement is absorbed and utilized in ultraviolet all-wave length.
As a result as shown in figure 4, after nitrogen treatment, in the case where oxygen content is low, compared with air conditions, entirely
Reaction is extremely limited；After drum oxygen treatments applied, reaction system oxygen content increases, and compared with air reaction, promotes
The progress entirely reacted.The present embodiment further demonstrates the activity that N-carbon has oxidizing ferment.
Embodiment 4.N-carbon killing tumor cell
The fluorescent marker of 4.1N-carbon nano particle
N-carbon, 12000rpm, 4 DEG C of centrifugation 20min for taking 1mg, discard supernatant, are washed with water twice.5mg EDC is dissolved in
500 μ l water, 5mg NHS are dissolved in 500 μ l water and N-carbon, mixed at room temperature 30min are resuspended after the two 1:1 mixing, activate N-
The carboxyl on the surface carbon.Twice of washing is finally resuspended with the sodium-acetate buffer (50mM) of the pH=6 of 1mL.With 10 μ l's
DMSO dissolves the Alexa Flour@488cadaverine (Thermo Fisher Scientific) of 0.5mg, then will dissolution
Good fluorescent dye is added in the N-carbon being resuspended, 4 DEG C, be protected from light be coupled it is overnight.Second day, supernatant is discarded, is added
The Tris-HCl buffer of 50mM pH=7 is incubated at room temperature 30min, neutralizes unreacted activated carboxyl site.Then it washes
Three times, unbonded fluorescent dye is washed off, N-carbon finally is resuspended with the PBS of 1ml, and be kept in dark place.
Sub- positioning of the 4.2N-carbon in tumour cell HepG2
The inoculation 4 × 10 in Glass bottom culture dish (15mm diameter, the resistance to think of of NEST)4A HepG2 cell (being purchased from ATCC).Culture
Condition is 1640 complete mediums (Gibco Life Technologies Inc., UK), and the fetal calf serum of 10% (v/v) is added
(Sigma-Aldrich) and antibiotics penicillin (100U/mL, Sigma-Aldrich) and streptomysin (100g/mL, Sigma-
Aldrich), 37 DEG C, 5%CO2Under the conditions of cultivate.12h discards cells and supernatant later, is separately added into the 0.2mg/ of 1.5ml
Ml N-carbon, 37 DEG C, 5%CO2Culture supernatant is discarded after being incubated for for 24 hours, is washed twice with PBS, is fixed with 4%PFA room temperature
15min, later with 0.1% the penetrating 3min of Triton；It is washed twice after end with PBS, is closed with 37 DEG C of 5% sheep blood serum
45min；With 5% sheep blood serum by 1:50 configuration LAMP-1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, H4A3), and cultivated at glass bottom
4 DEG C of incubation LAMP- antisera overnights of ware；It is carefully washed with PBS 3 times, prepares 555 secondary antibodies of sheep anti mouse by 1:200 with 5% sheep blood serum
(life, A21202) 37 DEG C of incubation 45min；It is washed 3 times with PBS, prepares DAPI by 1:1000 with ultrapure water and contaminate 10min, finally use
PBS is washed three times, observes the positioning of N-carbon under 488,555nm excitation wavelength with laser confocal microscope
As a result as shown in the A figure of Fig. 5, the N-carbon nano particle of fluorescent marker is by with after cell incubation, meeting is quickly
It is internalized by, and finally navigate in lysosome.N-carbon is navigated in lysosome and is established for the performance of its oxidase active
Basis.The performance of oxidase active needs in acidic environment, and N-carbon is enriched in lyase after tumour cell absorbs
In body, under the premise of can be existing for the oxygen, generates free radicals, tumour cell is effectively killed.
The oxidase active of 4.3N-carbon rises ROS level in tumour cell.
The inoculation 8 × 10 in Glass bottom culture dish (15mm diameter, the resistance to think of of NEST)4A HepG2 cell, 12h are discarded carefully later
Born of the same parents' culture supernatant is separately added into Carbon, N-carbon of the 0.2mg/mL of 1.5mL.The fresh training of control group addition 1.5ml
Support base, 37 DEG C, 5%CO2It is incubated for after 36h to discard and be asked in culture, wash twice with PBS, then 1.5ml, 20 μM of PBS dissolution
H2DCFDA (Sigma, D6883) is incubated for HepG2.30min discards cells and supernatant later, is washed twice with PBS, is finally used
The complete medium of 1.5mL is resuspended, and then observes cell with the exciting light of 488nm
As a result as shown in the B figure of Fig. 5, in the tumour cell by N-carbon processing, ROS level has conspicuousness
Rise, by fluorescent staining, it can be seen that apparent ROS signal.And the tumour cell that Carbon nano particle is handled with PBS,
Substantially generated without apparent signal.These results indicate that N-carbon after tumour cell absorbs, is enriched in lysosome,
By its oxidase active, a large amount of free radical is produced, thus is hopeful to kill tumour cell.
4.4N-carbon nano particle can effectively killing tumor cell
Each hole inoculation 4 × 10 in 96 orifice plates (Corning)3A HepG2 cell, 12h are discarded in cell culture later
Clearly, it is separately added into 0,0.05,0.1,0.2mg/mL Carbon, N-carbon good with cell culture medium, cell is added
Ultrasound 30s before.Control sample is incubated for isometric PBS, 37 DEG C, 5%CO2Cell incubator uses CCK-8 after being incubated for 48h
Cell Proliferation toxicity detection kit (eastern Renhua subject skill (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. CK04-3000T) detects cytotoxicity.
As a result as shown in the C figure of Fig. 5, N-carbon can effectively kill tumour cell HepG2, and Carbon receives
Rice grain itself does not have this characteristic.Integrated embodiment 4.2 and 4.3, N-carbon nano particle disclosed by the invention have
Unique oxidase active can be enriched in the lysosome of tumour cell, played oxidase active, generated a large amount of free radicals, from
And realize effective killing to tumour cell.
Embodiment 5.N-carbon inhibits tumour growth
The present inventor (ties up the limited public affairs of tonneau China experimental animal technology in Beijing in Balb/c nude mice first with HepG2 cell
Department) on construct subcutaneous transplantation knurl model.The back lower right side of every nude mice, inoculation 5 × 105HepG2 cell, it is long to tumour
To 200mm3When, N-carbon Therapy study is carried out to transplantable tumor mouse.For treating the selection of window phase, because of oxidation enzyme activity
The performance of property needs the participation of oxygen therefore to grow to 200mm to transplantable tumor3When, tumor neogenetic blood vessels largely generate, and have abundance
Blood supply.It treats at this time, the activity of oxidizing ferment can give full play to.In the present embodiment, reach specified ruler in mouse tumor
In 6 days after very little, intratumor injection PBS, Carbon nano particle and N-carbon nano particle (2.5 mg/mL, 150L/ are only),
Observation 40 days, statistics life cycle, tumor growth curve and changes of weight.
As a result as shown in the A-C figure of Fig. 6, the N-carbon nano particle with oxidase active can inhibit significantly
The growth of tumour, and greatly improve life cycle (p < 0.0001, the Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) of tumor-bearing mice
test).PBS is 20,22 days with the mean survival time (MST) of Carbon processing group tumor-bearing mice, and N-carbon nano particle is handled
Tumor-bearing mice, mean survival time (MST) can extend to 30 days.And weight is without significant change.This example demonstrates that N-carbon nanometers
Particle can effectively kill intracorporal tumour by its oxidase active.
Its effect for inhibiting tumour can be enhanced in 6 targeting protein of embodiment modification N-carbon.
The present inventor confirms in previous work, and people H ferritin has a special targeting to tumour, and can effectively into
Enter in the lysosome of tumour cell (ZL201110122433.0；ZL201410230829.0).In the present embodiment, seeks HFn and repair
Decorations N-carbon (preparation method is referring to embodiment 1) inhibit the effect of tumour growth to it.With embodiment 5, the present inventor is first
Subcutaneous transplantation tumor is constructed in Balb/c nude mice (Beijing Vital River Experimental Animals Technology Co., Ltd.) using HepG2 cell
Model grows to 200mm to transplantable tumor3When, the N-carbon of intratumor injection N-carbon nano particle and the modification of people's H ferritin
Nano particle (HFn-N-carbon) (2.5mg/mL, 150L/ are only), observes 32 days, counts tumor growth curve.
As a result as shown in fig. 7, the N-carbon nano particle with oxidase active, can inhibit the life of tumour significantly
It is long.And after the HFn of target tumor modification (HFn-N-carbon), antitumous effect is more preferable.This shows by targeting
Ligand and target antibody, albumen, polypeptide modification after, further enhance the antitumor work of N-carbon nano particle
Property.
Embodiment 7. continues to adulterate other metallic elements on the basis of N doping, can enhance the class oxygen of carbon particle
Change enzymatic activity.
In the present embodiment, the present inventor N adulterate on the basis of continue doping iron, come confirm metallic element doping whether
The class oxidase active of Carbon material can be further enhanced.Specific step is as follows: 90ml is added in 250ml round-bottomed flask
Ethyl alcohol and 15ml deionized water are uniformly mixed, then the addition 2.0ml ammonium hydroxide into above-mentioned solution, after stir about 10min, are added
4.0ml TEOS stirs 8h, stops reaction, and high speed centrifugation obtains white solid, and deionized water, ethyl alcohol respectively wash 3 times, are placed in 60
DEG C oven drying 12h, obtains SiO2Solid is ground spare.By gained 100mg SiO2Bead is dispersed in Tris-HCl (pH=
8.5) in buffer solution, the dopamine of 100mg is added, after reaction for 24 hours, centrifugation, collects precipitating at washing, and PDA@is obtained after drying
SiO2, it is spare.By above-mentioned resulting PDA@SiO2It is dispersed in the ethanol solution of 20ml, 100mg FeCl is added3·6H2O, instead
After answering for 24 hours, centrifugation, collects precipitating at washing, obtains Fe after drying3+-PDA@SiO2, spare.By above-mentioned gained Fe3+-PDA@SiO2
After calcining 2h at 800 DEG C of bead, after alkali cleaning 8h, centrifuge washing is dried to get Fe-N-carbon nano particle.
The enzymatic activity of the nano carbon microsphere of Fe-N doping is verified by measuring its oxidase active, and reaction system is the same as real
Example 2 is applied, Carbon, N-carbon and Fe-N-carbon is added in reaction system, concentration is 7.5 μ g/mL.As a result such as Fig. 8
Shown in A-C figure, Carbon does not have oxidase active individually, and N-carbon has apparent oxidase active.And continue to adulterate
The Fe-N-carbon of Fe has oxidase active more stronger than N-carbon under equal conditions, comparable sodium.Based on this reality
Example is applied, the present inventor continues to adulterate other metal ions (Ni/Ce/Mn/Cu) into the carbon that N is adulterated, find metal-doped
Afterwards, its enzymatic activity (Fig. 9) can be further enhanced.These results indicate that it is metal-doped, the oxygen of N-carbon can be further enhanced
Change enzymatic activity.
Oxidase active of the embodiment 8. based on N doping carbon ball is sterilized for internal wound
In the present embodiment, the N doping carbon ball used is Fe-N-carbon particle.Based on its oxidase active, inventor
Treatment after being applied to internal wound infection bacterium, the specific steps are as follows:
Mouse (Balb/c normal mouse, purchased from dimension tonneau China) back shaving, after anesthesia, drawing diameter with scalpel is 5mm
Wound.Then, by pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterium solution (107Cfu/mL it) drips on wound, guarantees that bacterium solution is stopped in wound location
(10min) for a period of time.Start to carry out experiment after infection 12h.10 μ l buffers are added dropwise to wound in buffer group
(pH5.0NaAc), then wound is packaged with bandage；Fe-N-carbon group first delays Fe-N-carbon particle with above-mentioned
Fliud flushing is diluted to 0.2mg/mL, and 10 μ l Fe-N-carbon particles are added dropwise to wound, are then packaged wound with bandage.Administration
Afterwards, a bandage is changed for 24 hours, is taken pictures at the 1st, 3,5 day to wound.
The results are shown in Figure 10, after the suppuration of wound infection pseudomonas aeruginosa, through the small of Fe-N-carbon treatment
Mouse wound restores quickly, in contrast, the recovery for giving buffer is slow, wound never thoroughly healing.
Oxidase active of the embodiment 9. based on N doping carbon ball, the purified treatment for the industrial wastewater containing organic matter
Currently, the purified treatment containing organic wastewater is the problem of water treatment field.Especially benzene-like compounds are industry
It common are machine pollutant in waste water, toxicity is big and is not easy by the microbial degradation in environment.In the present embodiment, of the invention
The oxidase active of N-carbon carbon ball is utilized in people, has carried out the possibility research of benzene type organic in degradation industrial wastewater.
Specific step is as follows:
Containing benezene organic matter industrial wastewater is first acid with sodium-acetate buffer adjustment pH.Then to 1mL Industry Waste water sample
In product, 20 μ g N-carbon nano particles are added.Then it is adequately stirred, keeps reaction system air sufficient.To another group
In wastewater sample, 20 μ g N-carbon nano particles and 10 μ L 30%H are added2O2, equally it is sufficiently stirred.After reacting 6h, take
Reaction product carries out gas chromatography-mass spectrography analysis (GC-MS), while clapping the industrial wastewater sample of reaction front and back
According to.
As a result as shown in the A-B figure of Figure 11, it is individually added into the waste water group of N-carbon nano particle, N-carbon's
It aoxidizes under enzyme effect, effectively degrades the organic benzene, organic in waste water, and buffer itself does not influence.On the basis of the above, continue
H is added2O2Afterwards, under the action of oxidizing ferment, the organic benzene, organic in waste water, which is substantially degraded, to be finished (A of Figure 11 schemes), meanwhile, it gives up
The color of water also by dark color, becomes essentially colorless.Therefore the oxidase active of N-carbon can be used for containing organic pollutant
Industrial Wastewater Treatment.
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Claims (11)
1. the purposes that nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball is used as oxidizing ferment.
2. nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball is preparing the purposes in the drug for treating tumour.
3. purposes as claimed in claim 2, wherein the tumour is selected from solid tumor, it is preferable that the tumour be selected from brain tumor,
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, cancer of the esophagus, gastric cancer, cancer of pancreas, gallbladder cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer,
Breast cancer, oophoroma, cervical carcinoma, carcinoma of endometrium, sarcoma of uterus, prostate cancer, bladder cancer, clear-cell carcinoma or melanoma,
It is highly preferred that the tumour is selected from hepatocellular carcinoma or hepatoblastoma.
4. nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball is preparing the purposes in anti-infectives.
5. purposes as claimed in claim 4, wherein the infection is selected from bacterium infection, actinomycotic infection, fungal infection, virus
Infection, choamydiae infection, mycoplasma infection, rickettsial infection, conveyor screw and prion-infected one or more, preferably
Ground, the infection is selected from the one or more of bacterium infection, actinomycotic infection and fungal infection, it is preferable that the infection is thin
Bacterium infection, it is highly preferred that the infection is streptococcus, staphylococcus or charrin disease.
6. the purposes that nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball is used to handle the sewage containing organic matter.
7. purposes as claimed in claim 6, wherein the organic matter be selected from phenols, aldehydes, carbohydrate, fat, albumen,
Cellulose it is one or more, it is preferable that the organic matter is benzene.
8. such as the described in any item purposes of claim 1-7, wherein the particle size range of the nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball is 20-
Between 200nm, it is preferable that particle size range 50-150nm, it is highly preferred that particle size range is 70-140nm.
9. such as the described in any item purposes of claim 1-8, wherein the nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball is further incorporated into metallic element,
Preferably, the metallic element is selected from the one or more of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ce and Mn, it is highly preferred that the metallic element selects
Fe, Ni, Ce, Mn and Cu's is one or more naturally.
10. such as the described in any item purposes of claim 1-9, wherein the nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball targeting protein is further
It is modified, it is preferable that the targeting protein is selected from antibody, ligand or receptor, it is preferable that the targeting protein is full people
H ferritin.
11. such as the described in any item purposes of claim 1-10, wherein the nitrogen-doped nanometer carbon ball is made using following methods:
1) nitrogen substance is introduced during forming carbon matrix precursor；
2) it is carbonized.
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