CN109193760A - A kind of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter Auto-disturbance-rejection Control based on virtual synchronous machine - Google Patents
A kind of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter Auto-disturbance-rejection Control based on virtual synchronous machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN109193760A CN109193760A CN201811047873.2A CN201811047873A CN109193760A CN 109193760 A CN109193760 A CN 109193760A CN 201811047873 A CN201811047873 A CN 201811047873A CN 109193760 A CN109193760 A CN 109193760A
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- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- H02J3/383—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter Auto-disturbance-rejection Controls based on virtual synchronous machine, comprising the following steps: step 1, builds grid-connected photovoltaic inverter simulation model；Step 2, the control of virtual synchronous machine and PI double-closed-loop control simulation model are built, Active Disturbance Rejection Control simulation model is built；Step 3, the parameter of entire controller is adjusted；Step 4, the grid-connected photovoltaic inverter power Active Disturbance Rejection Control simulation model based on virtual synchronous machine put up is run in chugging situation and two kinds of imbalance of three-phase voltage；Step 5, the simulation result of the simulation result and virtual synchronous machine control strategy of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter power Application of Auto-Disturbance Rejection based on virtual synchronous machine is compared, present invention output-power fluctuation under imbalance of three-phase voltage is small, the quick track reference power of output power energy in reference power mutation, in the case where external disturbance, can quick disturbance suppression, reduce the fluctuation of output power.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of photovoltaic power generation, specially a kind of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter based on virtual synchronous machine is certainly
Disturbance rejection control method.
Background technique
As the generation of electricity by new energy for not providing rotary inertia in electric system is more and more, and provide the synchronization of system inertia
Generator ratio reduces, and the rotary inertia for causing system total decreases, when the fluctuation of load is very big, the frequency fluctuation of power grid
Can be more serious, stable operation and grid-connected generating set to power grid adversely affect.Ideal grid-connected photovoltaic inverter
High-quality electric energy can not only be provided to power grid, additionally it is possible to play a supporting role to the frequency and voltage magnitude of power grid, and have disturbance
In the case where, can disturbance suppression as much as possible, to guarantee the safety and steady operation of power grid.In traditional electric system, greatly
The synchronous generator of amount provides enough system rotary inertias, plays the supporting role to network voltage and frequency, however
The physical structure and synchronous generator of distributed inverter have very big difference, do not have and provide the ability of inertia.
It is at present PQ control and sagging control using more control strategy.It is to make distribution that PQ, which controls (power limitation control),
The active power and reactive power of power supply output are equal to its reference power, by the active power of reference and reactive power divided by power grid
Voltage exports electric current, then by PI control output to PWM.Sagging control utilizes distributed generation resource active power of output and frequency
In a linear relationship and reactive power with voltage magnitude linear principle and controlled.
The existing grid-connected photovoltaic inverter Auto-disturbance-rejection Control based on virtual synchronous machine has the following deficiencies: in three-phase
When Voltage unbalance, output-power fluctuation is big；In external disturbance, rapidly disturbance cannot be inhibited, and output power
Fluctuation is big；In reference power mutation, output power track reference highway speeds are slower.
How a kind of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter Auto-disturbance-rejection Control based on virtual synchronous machine is designed, to solve above-mentioned back
The problem of being proposed in scape technology.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter Auto-disturbance-rejection Control based on virtual synchronous machine,
To solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a kind of grid-connected photovoltaic based on virtual synchronous machine is inverse
Become device Auto-disturbance-rejection Control, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, grid-connected photovoltaic inverter simulation model is built；
Step 2, the control of virtual synchronous machine and PI double-closed-loop control simulation model are built, Active Disturbance Rejection Control emulation mould is built
Type；
Step 3, the parameter of entire controller is adjusted, chooses ideal controller parameter, and to PI two close cycles
Controlling unit increases current compensation；
Step 4, the grid-connected photovoltaic inverter power Active Disturbance Rejection Control simulation model based on virtual synchronous machine put up is existed
It is run in the case of chugging situation and two kinds of imbalance of three-phase voltage, obtains the simulation result in the case of two kinds；
Step 5, by the simulation result of the grid-connected photovoltaic inverter power Application of Auto-Disturbance Rejection based on virtual synchronous machine with
The simulation result of virtual synchronous machine control strategy compares, and analyzes the result of this control strategy.
Further, the step 2 the following steps are included:
Step 2-1, builds virtual synchronous machine control simulation model, and the control of virtual synchronous machine has real power control and idle control
Two parts, output phase and voltage magnitude, then PI double-closed-loop control simulation model is built, and the parameter of adjusting controller；
Step 2-2, builds Active Disturbance Rejection Control simulation model, and automatic disturbance rejection controller has Nonlinear Tracking Differentiator, expansion state observation
Device, this three parts of error feedback law separately design and adjust suitable parameter；
Step 2-3, using automatic disturbance rejection controller as control outer ring, the control of virtual synchronous machine will be referred to as control inner ring
Power input automatic disturbance rejection controller in, one power signal with disturbance estimation of output then exports this signal to void
Quasi- synchronous machine controlling unit.
Further, described in the step 4 by the grid-connected photovoltaic inverter power based on virtual synchronous machine put up from
Disturbance rejection control simulation model is run in chugging situation and two kinds of imbalance of three-phase voltage, comprising the following steps:
Step 4-1, under imbalance of three-phase voltage, two kinds of control strategy active power of output comparisons；
Step 4-2, in the case where active power mutation, two kinds of control strategy active power of output comparisons；
Step 4-3, under imbalance of three-phase voltage, two kinds of control strategy output reactive power comparisons；
Step 4-4, in the case where reactive power mutation, two kinds of control strategy output reactive power comparisons；
Step 4-5, in large disturbances, the comparison of two kinds of control strategy active power of output and reactive power；
Step 4-6, in microvariations, the comparison of two kinds of control strategy active power of output and reactive power.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) output-power fluctuation is small under imbalance of three-phase voltage.
(2) when reference power is mutated, output power can quick track reference power.
(3) in the case where external disturbance, can quick disturbance suppression, reduce the fluctuation of output power.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is based on the Active Disturbance Rejection Control structural block diagrams of virtual synchronous machine；
Fig. 2 is that the present invention is based on the Active Disturbance Rejection Control inverter block diagrams of virtual synchronous machine；
Fig. 3 is VSG control block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is virtual impedance control block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is PI decoupling control block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is single order Active Disturbance Rejection Control block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is imbalance of three-phase voltage figure of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is two kinds of control strategy active power of output comparison diagrams under imbalance of three-phase voltage of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is that active power of the present invention is mutated lower two kinds of control strategies active power of output comparison diagram；
Figure 10 is two kinds of control strategy output reactive power comparison diagrams under imbalance of three-phase voltage of the present invention；
Figure 11 is that reactive power of the present invention is mutated lower two kinds of control strategies output reactive power comparison diagram；
Figure 12 is imbalance of three-phase voltage frequency diagram under ADRC+VSG control strategy of the present invention；
Figure 13 is two kinds of control strategy active power of output comparison diagrams in the case of large disturbances of the present invention；
Figure 14 is two kinds of control strategy output reactive power comparison diagrams in the case of large disturbances of the present invention；
Figure 15 is two kinds of control strategy active power of output comparison diagrams in the case of microvariations of the present invention；
Figure 16 is two kinds of control strategy output reactive power comparison diagrams in the case of microvariations of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 are each component parts of this control method, these parts constitute entirely
Controller；Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Figure 10, Figure 11, Figure 12, Figure 13, Figure 14, Figure 15, Figure 16 are the simulation results of this control method.
Fig. 2 is virtual synchronous machine Active Disturbance Rejection Control block diagram and converter main circuit topology figure.VSG control is the synchronous hair of simulation
A kind of control technology of motor working principle, it makes inverter have the external characteristics of synchronous generator, provides for system used
Property.However individually VSG control effect is unsatisfactory, can not inhibit the disturbance of output power in the case where there is external disturbance,
So joined Active Disturbance Rejection Control to inhibit the disturbance of output power.Active Disturbance Rejection Control is that one kind remains PID control basic subrack
Frame but the new controller for improving local function, it can have good inhibition to disturbance.In Fig. 2, UdcFor DC voltage
Source, R are the equivalent resistances of route, and L is inductance, and c is filter capacitor, ia、ib、icThe respectively output three-phase current of inverter side,
Consider the effect for ignoring capacitor, the three-phase current of inverter side and the three-phase current of grid side are equal.ua、ub、ucRespectively inversion
The output three-phase voltage of device side.LrFor the equivalent inductance of route.ea、eb、ecThe respectively three-phase voltage of grid side.PeAnd QeIt is defeated
The calculated value of active power and reactive power out, by eabc、iabcIt is calculated.P* and Q* is that active power and reactive power are given
Value.As shown in Fig. 2, P* and Q* obtains the new P with disturbance information by Active Disturbance Rejection Control algorithm*1And Q*1, P*1And Q*1It passes through again
It crosses VSG to control to obtain the amplitude of inverter output voltage and phase angle, then synthesizes three-phase voltage, using electric current calculating and electric current
Decoupling control ring obtains three-phase modulations signal and exports the on-off for controlling IGBT to PWM, and last inverter exports three-phase voltage.
Fig. 3 is VSG control block diagram, as shown in figure 3, building VSG controller.The VSG partial simulation original of synchronous generator
Reason, VSG controlling unit include two links, are active power controller link and Reactive Power Control link respectively.Virtual synchronous
Machine adjusts frequency with active power, corresponds to speed-regulating system and introduces inertial element and damping ring in active power controller
Section adjusts voltage magnitude, corresponding excitation system, so that the external characteristics of inverter and traditional synchronous generator with reactive power
It is close, so as to provide certain rotary inertia to power grid, guarantee the even running of power grid.In formula, J, K are integral coefficient J
For rotor moment of inertia, D is damped coefficient, WgIt is respectively the voltage magnitude and phase angle exported, u for rated angular velocity U and PabcFor
Three-phase voltage.
Active power controller link:
Reactive Power Control link:
A single order automatic disturbance rejection controller is established according to Fig. 6.Mainly there are three links for automatic disturbance rejection controller, are tracking respectively
Differentiator, nonlinearity erron feedback law, extended state observer.Nonlinear Tracking Differentiator arranges transitional link, carries out to Setting signal
Primary filtering, filters out input terminal interference that may be present, and carry out phase only pupil filter to it.Nonlinearity erron feedback law will be through differential
The Setting signal of tracker processing with the signal that extended state observer is fed back to is non-linear is added, along with expansion state observation
Total disturbance of device observation, the control together as controlled object input.For an inverter with LC filtering, ignore capacitor
Effect, regards single order controlled device as, designs it single order automatic disturbance rejection controller, and extended state observer is second order, for just
In control and parameter tuning, extended state observer is chosen linearly, and designs following automatic disturbance rejection controller.Similarly, to idle
The same automatic disturbance rejection controller of power designs.
First-order tracking differentiator:
Second-order linearity extended state observer:
First order nonlinear error feedback law:
It is compensated for this rough sledding of imbalance of three-phase voltage.When inverter is connected with power grid, it is desirable that inverse
Become the three-phase balance of device output, while the active power of output of inverter and reactive power being capable of track reference values.However,
When power grid imbalance of three-phase voltage, inverter output voltage is clamped down on by power grid, i.e., and three-phase imbalance, if output
Three-phase balance, then power swing is very big.Obviously, three-phase balance and inhibition power swing are to reach simultaneously
's.Power swing will be inhibited as control target.Consider under unbalanced power grid, gird-connected inverter output power can be by following formula
Export:
In α β coordinate system:
Above formula is expressed as vector form:
Also it can indicate under dq coordinate system:
It can similarly obtain:
Above formula is expressed as vector form:
In dq coordinate system:
Instantaneous output complex power are as follows:
Active power:
P=P0+Pcoscos2(w0t+κ)+Psinsin2(w0t+κ) (14)
Reactive power:
Q=Q0+Qcoscos2(w0t+κ)+Qsinsin2(w0t+κ) (16)
Therefore, we have obtained the active power and reactive power that inverter exports under unbalanced source voltage, above formula
In, P0And Q0It is the average value of active power of output and reactive power, P respectivelycos、Psin、Qcos、QsinIt is output wattful power respectively
Rate and reactive power fluctuation amplitude.In order to inhibit the fluctuation of active power, that is, wave component is not contained in the active power exported,
Pcos=Psin=0.The current instruction value of positive sequence and negative phase-sequence can be compensated.I.e. original control structure is constant, to positive sequence and
Negative phase-sequence instruction controls respectively, is added later.Compensated positive sequence and negative current instructions value are as follows:
In order to inhibit the fluctuation of reactive power, that is, there is no wave component, Qc in the active power exportedos=Qsin=0.It can
The current instruction value of positive sequence and negative phase-sequence is compensated.
In formula (18) and formula (19), kddAnd kqdIt is power grid imbalance of three-phase voltage parameter, i* dAnd i* qIt is the dq shaft current of virtual impedance controlling unit output, i- dAnd i- qIt is dq axis power network current.It will
Compensated instruction value passes through PI decoupling control respectively, is finally added to obtain three-phase voltage modulated signal, realizes to active power
With the compensation of reactive power.
The DC voltage of three-phase grid photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter is 1000V, and the resistance on filter inductance is 0.001 Ω, inductance
Value is 0.005L, filtering capacitance 0.000001C.In designed virtual synchronous machine link, taking damped coefficient D is 1, rotor
Rotary inertia J is 0.005, and Reactive Power Control integral coefficient K is 1.In Active Disturbance Rejection Control link, β is taken1=50, β2=5000, b
=2000, k=1000.Meanwhile active power reference value 5000W is set, reactive power reference qref is set as 3000W, to power grid
Voltage three-phase imbalance and reference power are mutated both of these case, and this paper control strategy and VSG control strategy are compared, demonstrated
The validity of this paper control strategy.
Fig. 8 and Figure 10 is the comparison of two kinds of control strategy active power of output and reactive power under imbalance of three-phase voltage,
As shown, fall to A phase 50%, ADRC+VSG control strategy in 1s compared with VSG control strategy, the fluctuation of output power
It is smaller.
Fig. 9 and Figure 11 is the comparison of two kinds of control strategy active power of output and reactive power in the case of chugging, such as
Shown in figure, in 1s with reference to active power by original 5000W impact to 6000W, reactive power by original 3000W impact to
4000W.4000W is sported with reference to active power in 1.5s, reactive power sports 2500W.As seen from the figure, in chugging
In the case where, ADRC+VSG control strategy is compared with VSG control strategy, and the speed of output power track reference power is faster.
Figure 12, Figure 13, Figure 14, Figure 15 are two kinds of control strategy active power of output and nothing when adding random perturbation outside
The comparison of function power, in the case where adding random perturbation outside, ADRC+VSG control strategy is compared with VSG control strategy, output work
The fluctuation of rate is smaller, restrains random disturbance well.
The above only expresses the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but can not be because
This and be interpreted as limitations on the scope of the patent of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art,
Under the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, several deformations can also be made, improves and substitutes, these belong to protection of the invention
Range.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter Auto-disturbance-rejection Control based on virtual synchronous machine, it is characterised in that: including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1, grid-connected photovoltaic inverter simulation model is built；
Step 2, the control of virtual synchronous machine and PI double-closed-loop control simulation model are built, Active Disturbance Rejection Control simulation model is built；
Step 3, the parameter of entire controller is adjusted, chooses ideal controller parameter, and to PI double-closed-loop control
Link increases current compensation；
Step 4, by the grid-connected photovoltaic inverter power Active Disturbance Rejection Control simulation model based on virtual synchronous machine put up in power
It is run in the case of catastrophe and two kinds of imbalance of three-phase voltage, obtains the simulation result in the case of two kinds；
Step 5, by the simulation result of the grid-connected photovoltaic inverter power Application of Auto-Disturbance Rejection based on virtual synchronous machine and virtually
The simulation result of synchronous machine control strategy compares, and analyzes the result of this control strategy.
2. a kind of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter Auto-disturbance-rejection Control based on virtual synchronous machine according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: the step 2 the following steps are included:
Step 2-1, builds virtual synchronous machine control simulation model, and the control of virtual synchronous machine has real power control and idle control two
Point, output phase and voltage magnitude, then PI double-closed-loop control simulation model is built, and the parameter of adjusting controller；
Step 2-2 builds Active Disturbance Rejection Control simulation model, and automatic disturbance rejection controller has Nonlinear Tracking Differentiator, and extended state observer misses
This three parts of poor feedback law separately design and adjust suitable parameter；
Step 2-3, using automatic disturbance rejection controller as control outer ring, the control of virtual synchronous machine is as control inner ring, by the function of reference
Rate inputs in automatic disturbance rejection controller, one power signal with disturbance estimation of output, then this signal is exported to virtual same
Step machine controlling unit.
3. a kind of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter Auto-disturbance-rejection Control based on virtual synchronous machine according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that: the grid-connected photovoltaic inverter power Active Disturbance Rejection Control based on virtual synchronous machine that will be put up described in the step 4
Simulation model is run in chugging situation and two kinds of imbalance of three-phase voltage, comprising the following steps:
Step 4-1, under imbalance of three-phase voltage, two kinds of control strategy active power of output comparisons；
Step 4-2, in the case where active power mutation, two kinds of control strategy active power of output comparisons；
Step 4-3, under imbalance of three-phase voltage, two kinds of control strategy output reactive power comparisons；
Step 4-4, in the case where reactive power mutation, two kinds of control strategy output reactive power comparisons；
Step 4-5, in large disturbances, the comparison of two kinds of control strategy active power of output and reactive power；
Step 4-6, in microvariations, the comparison of two kinds of control strategy active power of output and reactive power.
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| CN112751364A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-04 | 天津大学 | Virtual synchronous machine grid-connected control method based on linear/nonlinear active disturbance rejection control |
| CN114374206A (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-04-19 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Grid-connected point voltage adjusting method and system of fused salt energy storage and conversion device for thermal power |
| CN114374206B (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-06-17 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Grid-connected point voltage adjusting method and system of fused salt energy storage and conversion device for thermal power |
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