CN109192025B

CN109192025B - Single slit diffraction experiment demonstration device for physics teaching

Info

Publication number: CN109192025B
Application number: CN201811173153.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩彦彬
Original assignee: Ruian Renqi Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Ruian Renqi Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-10-09
Filing date: 2018-10-09
Publication date: 2020-07-07
Anticipated expiration: 2038-10-09
Also published as: CN109192025A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of teaching aids, in particular to a single-slit diffraction experiment demonstration device for physical teaching, which comprises an iron plate, wherein a variable angle adjusting mechanism is fixed on the iron plate, a laser emitter and a projection plate are respectively arranged on two sides of the variable angle adjusting mechanism, the variable angle adjusting mechanism comprises an outer ring and an inner ring which are coaxially fixed on an upright post, the lower end of the upright post is vertically fixed on the iron plate, a plurality of guide rods are slidably connected on the inner ring, one ends of the guide rods, which point to the circle center of the inner ring, are movably connected with two connecting rods with the same structure, the ends of the two adjacent connecting rods, which point to the circle center of the inner ring, on the two adjacent guide rods are hinged. This kind of single slit diffraction experiment presentation device for physical teaching can realize the continuity collection of laser projection diffraction image under the condition that the slit width continuity changes, once can obtain corresponding diffraction image, easy operation, and the amount of labour is little, and is lively interesting, helps improving student's interest, especially adapted popularization in the teaching.

Description

Single slit diffraction experiment demonstration device for physics teaching

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of teaching aids, in particular to a single-slit diffraction experiment demonstration device for physical teaching.

Background

The single slit diffraction experiment is one of important contents in basic teaching of universities, is wide in application and has very important application value. At present, in order to facilitate understanding of single slit diffraction by students, laboratories are equipped with corresponding experimental equipment, but the existing experimental equipment cannot acquire continuous slit width change and corresponding images of projection forms, namely, the operation mode of the existing experimental equipment is to discontinuously adjust the slit width and independently acquire patterns for collection, comparison and analysis, so that on one hand, the operation is complex, on the other hand, the operation is boring and uninteresting, and is not beneficial to improving the interests of the students, and therefore, the single slit diffraction experimental demonstration device for physical teaching is provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a single slit diffraction experiment demonstration device for physics teaching, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a single slit diffraction experiment presentation device for physical teaching, including iron plate, be fixed with variable angle adjustment mechanism on the iron plate, there are laser emitter and projection board respectively variable angle adjustment mechanism's both sides, variable angle adjustment mechanism includes outer lane and the inner circle of coaxial fixation on the stand, and the inner circle is located the outer lane inboard, stand lower extreme vertical fixation is on iron plate, sliding connection has a plurality of guide bars on the inner circle, and the one end swing joint in the directional inner circle centre of a circle of guide bar has two connecting rods that the structure is the same, and the end department in the directional inner circle centre of a circle of two adjacent connecting rods on two adjacent guide bars is connected through the round pin axle is articulated, the inboard dead axle of outer lane rotates and is connected with the ring gear, the inner wall of ring gear passes through the articulated junction of two adjacent connecting rods on two adjacent guide bars of arc arm connection, be connected.

Preferably, the guide rods are not less than two groups and are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner ring, and pin rods parallel to the central axis are fixed at positions, located between two adjacent guide rods, on the inner ring.

Preferably, the arc-shaped arm is provided with an arc-shaped through groove, and the pin rod is movably connected in the through groove on the arc-shaped arm.

Preferably, the driving mechanism on the upright post comprises a gear, the gear is in meshed connection with the gear ring, and the gear is provided with a rocking handle.

Preferably, a slide rail with a dovetail-shaped cross section is fixed on the iron plate in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the ring frame, two magnet blocks are connected to the slide rail in a sliding manner, and the two magnet blocks are respectively located on two sides of the variable angle adjusting mechanism.

Preferably, the projection plate is fixedly connected to the corresponding magnet block through a rod-shaped object, the other magnet block is vertically and upwards fixed to the angle steel frame, and the non-emission end of the laser emitter is fixed to the angle steel frame through a magnetic piece in an adsorption mode.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the gear ring is driven by the gear to rotate forwards or reversely, and the gear ring applies force to the hinged joint of two adjacent connecting rods on two adjacent guide rods through the arc-shaped arm, so that the angle of the two connecting rods on the same guide rod is increased or decreased, the continuous collection of laser projection diffraction images can be realized under the condition of continuous change of seam width, the corresponding diffraction images can be obtained at one time, the operation is simple, and the labor amount is small; the change form of connecting rod angle is novel to the experimental effect is obvious, and is lively interesting, helps improving student's interest, especially adapted popularization in the teaching.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable angle adjustment mechanism according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional view angle a-a in fig. 1.

In the figure: 1, iron plate; 2, upright posts; 3, an outer ring; 4, gear ring; 5, inner ring; 6, connecting rods; 7, a through groove; 8, a pin rod; 9 an arc-shaped arm; 10 a guide rod; 11 a gear; 12 a projection plate; 13 a laser transmitter; 14, a slide rail; 15 magnet blocks; 16-degree steel frame.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by workers skilled in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a physics teaching is with single slit diffraction experiment presentation device includes iron plate 1, be fixed with variable angle adjustment mechanism on iron plate 1, variable angle adjustment mechanism's both sides have laser emitter 13 and projection board 12 respectively, be fixed with the cross-section for the slide rail 14 of dovetail type on the planar direction in the perpendicular to inner circle 5 place on iron plate 1, sliding connection has two magnet pieces 15 on slide rail 14, and two magnet pieces 15 are located variable angle adjustment mechanism's both sides respectively, projection board 12 passes through shaft-like thing fixed connection on the magnet piece 15 that corresponds, another perpendicular upwards is fixed with angled steel frame 16 on magnet piece 15, and the non-transmitting end of laser emitter 13 passes through the magnetic part absorption to be fixed on angled steel frame 16.

The angle-variable adjusting mechanism comprises an outer ring 3 and an inner ring 5 which are coaxially fixed on an upright post 2, the inner ring 5 is positioned at the inner side of the outer ring, the lower end of the upright post is vertically fixed on an iron plate 1, the inner ring 5 is connected with a plurality of guide rods 10 in a sliding way, one end of each guide rod 10, which points to the circle center of the inner ring 5, is movably connected with two connecting rods 6 with the same structure, the end heads of two adjacent connecting rods 6, which point to the circle center of the inner ring 5, on two adjacent guide rods 10 are hinged and connected through pin shafts, the inner side of the outer ring 3 is connected with a gear ring 4 in a fixed-shaft rotating way, the inner wall of the gear ring 4 is connected with the hinged connection part of two adjacent connecting rods 6 on two adjacent guide rods 10 through an arc-shaped arm 9, the guide rods 10 are not less than two groups and are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the, and the pin rod 8 is movably connected in the through groove 7 on the arc-shaped arm 9.

The driving mechanism on the upright post 2 comprises a gear 11, the gear 11 is meshed with the gear ring 4, and a rocking handle is arranged on the gear 11.

In this example, when demonstrating the single slit diffraction experiment, the operations were as follows:

the method comprises the following steps: adjusting the distance between the two magnet blocks 15 and the variable angle adjusting mechanism along the direction of the slide rail 14, adjusting the position of the laser emitter 13 on the angle steel frame 16, and enabling a laser line emitted by the laser emitter 13 to pass through the center of the variable angle adjusting mechanism and project on the center of the projection plate 12 by utilizing a magnetic part at the non-emitting end of the laser emitter 13 to move up and down or move left and right on the angle steel frame 16;

step two: the gear 11 is rotated forwards or reversely through the handle, the rotation of the gear 11 drives the gear ring 4 to rotate anticlockwise or clockwise through tooth transmission, the rotation of the gear ring 4 applies acting force to the hinged joint of two adjacent connecting rods 6 on two adjacent guide rods 10 through the arc-shaped arm 9, when the gear ring 4 rotates anticlockwise, the arc-shaped arm 9 applies tension action to the connecting rods 6, the connecting rods 6 are mutually expanded and opened under the action of the pin rod 8 and the through groove 7 on the arc-shaped arm 9, simultaneously the guide rods 10 move outwards, when the pin rod 8 contacts one end of the through groove 7 close to the circle center of the inner ring 5 along with the rotation of the gear ring 4, two adjacent connecting rods 6 on two adjacent guide rods 10 are in a straight line, the included angle between the two connecting rods 6 on the same guide rod 10 is maximum 90 degrees, namely, the seam change included angle is maximum, and when the gear ring 4 rotates clockwise, the arc-shaped arm 9 applies thrust action to the, and make under the effect of logical groove 7 on pin lever 8 and arc arm 9 and be close to each other between the connecting rod 6, guide bar 10 moves to the centre of a circle department of inner circle 5 simultaneously, and when pin lever 8 contact logical groove 7 kept away from the one end of the centre of a circle of inner circle 5 along with the rotation of ring gear 4, two adjacent connecting rods 6 on two adjacent guide bars 10 are mutually perpendicular, and the contained angle between two connecting rods 6 on same guide bar 10 is minimum 0 this moment, and the seam change contained angle is minimum promptly.

The size of the included angle of the two connecting rods 6 on the same guide rod 10 is changed according to the operation of the second step, so that an obvious clear diffraction pattern appears on a screen through a variable-angle slit between the laser source emitted by the laser emitter 13 and the connecting rods 6, the larger the width of the crack can be obtained from the diffraction pattern, the narrower the central diffraction light spot is, the smaller the diffraction angle of the same level diffraction stripe is obtained along with the increase of the width of the crack under the same slit, the operation is simple and convenient, the centrosymmetric diffraction pattern can be obtained, the interestingness is increased, the novelty is realized, the experiment principle is better understood by students, and the teaching quality is improved.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in the above embodiments and the description, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a single slit diffraction experiment presentation device for physical teaching, includes iron plate (1), its characterized in that: be fixed with variable angle adjustment mechanism on iron plate (1), variable angle adjustment mechanism's both sides have laser emitter (13) and projection board (12) respectively, variable angle adjustment mechanism includes outer lane (3) and inner circle (5) of coaxial fixation on stand (2), and inner circle (5) are located the outer lane inboard, stand lower extreme vertical fixation is on iron plate (1), sliding connection has a plurality of guide bars (10) on inner circle (5), and the one end swing joint in the directional inner circle (5) centre of a circle of guide bar (10) has two connecting rods (6) that the structure is the same, and the end department in the directional inner circle (5) centre of a circle of two adjacent connecting rods (6) on two adjacent guide bars (10) is connected through the round pin axle is articulated, the inboard dead axle rotation of outer lane (3) is connected with ring gear (4), the inner wall of ring gear (4) passes through arc arm (9) and connects the articulated connecting rod (6) of two adjacent connecting rods (6) on two adjacent guide bars (10) And the upright post (2) is connected with a driving mechanism through a cantilever and a bearing at the joint.

2. The single slit diffraction experiment demonstration device for physics teaching of claim 1, wherein: the guide rods (10) are not less than two groups and are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the inner ring (5), and pin rods (8) parallel to the central axis of the inner ring (5) are fixed at positions between two adjacent guide rods (10) on the inner ring (5).

3. The single slit diffraction experiment demonstration device for physics teaching of claim 2, wherein: an arc-shaped through groove (7) is formed in the arc-shaped arm (9), and the pin rod (8) is movably connected into the through groove (7) in the arc-shaped arm (9).

4. The single slit diffraction experiment demonstration device for physics teaching of claim 1, wherein: the driving mechanism on the upright post (2) comprises a gear (11), the gear (11) is meshed with the gear ring (4), and a rocking handle is arranged on the gear (11).

5. The single slit diffraction experiment demonstration device for physics teaching of claim 1, wherein: the iron plate (1) is fixed with slide rail (14) that the cross-section is the dovetail type on the planar direction in perpendicular to inner circle (5) place, sliding connection has two magnet piece (15) on slide rail (14), and two magnet piece (15) are located variable angle adjustment mechanism's both sides respectively.

6. The single slit diffraction experiment demonstration device for physics teaching of claim 5, wherein: the projection plate (12) is fixedly connected to the corresponding magnet block (15) through a rod-shaped object, an angle steel frame (16) is vertically and upwards fixed to the other magnet block (15), and the non-emission end of the laser emitter (13) is fixed to the angle steel frame (16) through a magnetic piece in an adsorption mode.