CN109190968B - Empty pipe operation efficiency grade evaluation method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method and a device for evaluating the level of the operation efficiency of an empty pipe, wherein the method comprises the following steps: forming a basic index set and an additional index set of a control unit; weighting the basic index set and the additional index set of the control unit based on an entropy weight-DEMATEL method to obtain an operation efficiency grade basic score and an operation efficiency grade additional score; determining an additional efficiency grade coefficient of each control unit; and multiplying the basic grade of the operating efficiency grade of each control unit by the additional efficiency grade coefficient to obtain the target operating efficiency grade of each control unit. By implementing the embodiment of the invention, the entropy weight method and the DEMATEL method are effectively combined, so that the interference that the indirect relation between the factors is difficult to quantify can be avoided, and the combined weight value can be more real and credible, so that the target operation efficiency grade grading based on the weight value is more accurate, and the accuracy of the grade evaluation of the air traffic control operation efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of civil aviation air traffic control, in particular to an air traffic control operation efficiency grade evaluation method and device.
Background
The civil aviation air traffic control system is a comprehensive system integrating control workers, control automation equipment, control operation environments and various operation management mechanisms and rules, and aims to ensure the safety classification of aircrafts and accelerate and maintain ordered air traffic flow.
The method and the system can evaluate the operating efficiency of the civil aviation air traffic control system, can assist a control department to timely and clearly master the operating device and the trend of the civil aviation air traffic control system, and are convenient for the management department to carry out overall planning and management on the operation of the civil aviation air traffic control system in the control implementation process. Furthermore, by long-term observation and analysis of the operation efficiency evaluation data of the civil aviation air traffic control system and combination of the operation efficiency evaluation indexes, the control department can be helped to make long-term and effective control measures and control system operation schemes, so that the control capacity is increased, the safety and normality of flights are guaranteed, and traffic flow control is accelerated. However, the accuracy of the evaluation result is difficult to guarantee by the existing empty pipe operation efficiency evaluation method.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide an empty pipe operation efficiency grade evaluation method and device based on an entropy weight-DEMATEL method, so as to improve the accuracy of the empty pipe operation efficiency grade evaluation.
In order to achieve the above object, in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for evaluating a level of efficiency of an empty pipe operation based on an entropy weight-DEMATEL method, including:
acquiring basic indexes and additional indexes of a plurality of control units to form a basic index set and an additional index set of the control units;
weighting the basic index set and the additional index set of the control unit based on an entropy weight-DEMATEL method to obtain an operation efficiency grade basic score and an operation efficiency grade additional score;
determining an additional efficiency grade coefficient of each control unit according to the operation efficiency grade additional score;
and multiplying the basic grade of the operating efficiency grade of each control unit by the additional efficiency grade coefficient to obtain the grade of the target operating efficiency of each control unit.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the weighting processing is performed on the basic index set and the additional index set of the control unit based on an entropy weight-DEMATEL method to obtain an operation efficiency level basic score and an operation efficiency level additional score, which specifically includes:
1) selecting all n basic indexes or additional indexes of m control units, and establishing an evaluation matrix;
2) carrying out standardization processing on the evaluation matrix;
3) calculating the proportion of the ith index of each control unit to all samples based on the standardized evaluation matrix;
4) calculating the entropy value of the ith index according to the specific gravity, and calculating the entropy weight of each index according to the entropy value;
5) constructing a direct influence average matrix and carrying out normalization processing on the direct influence average matrix;
6) calculating a total influence relation matrix based on the normalized direct influence average matrix;
7) calculating the importance weight of each index according to the total influence relation matrix;
8) calculating a final weight according to the entropy weight of each index and the importance weight of each index;
9) and obtaining the basic score of the operation efficiency grade and the additional score of the operation efficiency grade according to the final weight.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the normalizing the evaluation matrix specifically includes:
converting the inverse form index in the evaluation matrix into a normal form index;
and carrying out non-dimensionalization processing on the indexes in the evaluation matrix.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, constructing a direct influence averaging matrix specifically includes:
obtaining a comparison result of each judger on any two indexes;
forming a direct influence matrix according to the comparison result;
the average of the same factors in the direct influence matrices of all the judges is calculated to construct the direct influence average matrix.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, calculating the importance weight of each index according to the total influence relationship matrix specifically includes:
calculating the influence degree and the influenced degree of indexes in the total influence relation matrix;
calculating the centrality according to the influence degree and the influenced degree;
and carrying out normalization processing on the centrality to obtain the importance weight of each index.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, calculating the final weight according to the entropy weight of each index and the importance weight of each index specifically includes:
and adding the entropy weight of each index and the importance weight of each index in proportion to obtain the final weight.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, determining an additional efficiency level coefficient of each regulation unit according to the operation efficiency level additional score specifically includes:
and converting the operation efficiency grade additional scores into a numerical value interval of [1,1.2] in proportion to obtain additional efficiency grade coefficients of each control unit.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an empty pipe operation efficiency level evaluation apparatus based on an entropy weight-DEMATEL method, including:
the system comprises an acquisition module, a storage module and a processing module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring basic indexes and additional indexes of a plurality of control units to form a basic index set and an additional index set of the control units;
the weighting module is used for weighting the basic index set and the additional index set of the control unit based on an entropy weight-DEMATEL method so as to obtain an operation efficiency grade basic score and an operation efficiency grade additional score;
the determining module is used for determining an additional efficiency grade coefficient of each control unit according to the operation efficiency grade additional score;
and the evaluation module is used for multiplying the basic grade of the operating efficiency grade of each control unit by the additional efficiency grade coefficient to obtain the grade of the target operating efficiency of each control unit.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the empowerment module is specifically configured to:
1) selecting all n basic indexes or additional indexes of m control units, and establishing an evaluation matrix;
2) carrying out standardization processing on the evaluation matrix;
3) calculating the proportion of the ith index of each control unit to all samples based on the standardized evaluation matrix;
4) calculating the entropy value of the ith index according to the specific gravity, and calculating the entropy weight of each index according to the entropy value;
5) constructing a direct influence average matrix and carrying out normalization processing on the direct influence average matrix;
6) calculating a total influence relation matrix based on the normalized direct influence average matrix;
7) calculating the importance weight of each index according to the total influence relation matrix;
8) calculating a final weight according to the entropy weight of each index and the importance weight of each index;
9) and obtaining the basic score of the operation efficiency grade and the additional score of the operation efficiency grade according to the final weight.
As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the determining module is specifically configured to:
and converting the operation efficiency grade additional scores into a numerical value interval of [1,1.2] in proportion to obtain additional efficiency grade coefficients of each control unit.
By implementing the method, the basic index set and the additional index set of the control unit are subjected to weighting processing based on an entropy weight-DEMATEL method so as to obtain operation efficiency grade basic scores and operation efficiency grade additional scores, the additional efficiency grade coefficient of each control unit is determined according to the operation efficiency grade additional scores, and finally target operation efficiency grade scores are obtained according to the operation efficiency grade basic scores and the additional efficiency grade coefficients; the entropy weight method and the DEMATEL method are effectively combined, so that the interference that indirect relations among factors are difficult to quantify can be avoided, and the combined weight value can be more real and credible, so that the target operation efficiency grade grading based on the weight value is more accurate, and the accuracy of the empty pipe operation efficiency grade evaluation is improved.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating the level of efficiency of empty pipe operation based on an entropy weight-DEMATEL method according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an empty pipe operation efficiency level evaluation device based on an entropy weight-DEMATEL method according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted contextually as "when", "upon" or "in response to a determination" or "in response to a detection". Similarly, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if a [ described condition or event ] is detected" may be interpreted contextually to mean "upon determining" or "in response to determining" or "upon detecting [ described condition or event ]" or "in response to detecting [ described condition or event ]".
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating an empty pipe operation efficiency level based on an entropy weight-DEMATEL method according to a first embodiment of the present invention is shown, where the method may include the following steps:
s101, obtaining basic indexes and additional indexes of a plurality of control units to form a basic index set and an additional index set of the control units.
The key index and the calculation method for evaluating the operating efficiency of the civil aviation air traffic control are as follows:
1. tower platform
TABLE 1
2. Approach to
TABLE 2
3. Region(s)
TABLE 3
In tables 1 to 3, the bold underlined portions are basic indicators, and the others are additional indicators.
In this embodiment, a plurality of base indexes and additional indexes of a plurality of control units are acquired, thereby forming a control unit base index set and an additional index set.
And S102, weighting the basic index set and the additional index set of the control unit based on an entropy weight-DEMATEL method to obtain an operation efficiency grade basic score and an operation efficiency grade additional score.
In the embodiment, various operation indexes are comprehensively weighted by adopting an entropy weight-DEMATEL method, so that the grade score of the operation efficiency of the air traffic control is obtained.
The entropy weight method is an objective weighting method, and the basic principle is to calculate the weight of each index by measuring the information content contained in index data in an evaluation index system. When the value difference of an evaluation object on a certain index is large, the entropy value is small, which shows that the effective information provided by the index is large, and the weight of the index is also large; conversely, if the difference between the values of a certain index is smaller, the entropy value is larger, which indicates that the amount of information provided by the index is smaller, and the weight of the index should be smaller. In the process of weighting, the entropy weight method does not fully consider the mutual influence among indexes, and a decision-making experiment and evaluation laboratory method (DEMATEL) can effectively analyze the mutual influence among a plurality of factors of a complex system. The DEMATEL method is a method for analyzing system factors by applying graph theory and matrix tools, and direct and indirect causal relationships among the influencing factors and importance ranking of the influencing factors can be obtained through correlation calculation. Therefore, 2 subjective and objective methods are effectively combined, so that the interference that the indirect relation between factors is difficult to quantify can be avoided, and the combined weight value is more real and credible.
The entropy weight-DEMATEL method comprises the following calculation steps:
(1) selecting all n basic indexes or additional indexes of m control units, and establishing an evaluation matrix X as follows:
(2) and (5) carrying out standardization processing on the evaluation matrix.
Normalization consists of two parts, the first part is the conversion of the "inverse form" index into the "normal form" index. In the empty pipe efficiency evaluation, there are generally "positive form" indicators and "negative form" indicators, such as labor productivity and additional flight distance. The larger the index of the positive form is, the smaller the index of the negative form is, the higher the operation efficiency of the air traffic control system is, and in comprehensive evaluation, the index of the negative form needs to be converted into the index of the positive form in order to facilitate the addition of different indexes. The "negative form" indicator may be converted to a "positive form" indicator by subtracting the current indicator value from the sum of the maximum and minimum values of the corresponding indicator. The second part is the non-dimensionalization of the index. The purpose is to transform data of different dimensions and different orders of magnitude into comparable data of the same dimensions and the same orders of magnitude that can be mathematically operated upon each other. The single index dimensionless formula is:
x′irefers to a single index xiAnd carrying out dimensionless transformation.
(3) Based on the evaluation matrix after the standardization processing, calculating the proportion of the ith index of each control unit to all samples:
x′ijrefers to the result after the normalization process.
(4) Calculating entropy values E of the indexesn＝[e1，e2，…，en]. First calculate Vm×n＝[vij]m×nMatrix, vijThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
vij＝-yij×lnyij
obviously when yijWhen equal to 0, lnyijIt is meaningless. It is special when yijWhen equal to 0, vij0. Then calculating the entropy e of the ith indexiThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
(5) calculating the entropy weight of each index, wherein the entropy weight of the ith index is equal to:
(6) the direct impact averaging matrix a is constructed.
Wherein a isijIndicates the degree of direct influence of the index i on the index j, and if i is j, aijIs as follows. Assume that 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 represent "no effect", "low effect", "medium effect", "high effect" and "extremely high effect", respectively. For n evaluation indexes, after each judge compares every two indexes, a direct influence matrix is generated, and the average value of the same factors in the direct influence matrix of all judges is calculated, so that a direct influence average matrix A is formed.
(7) Normalization directly affects the matrix.
D＝SA，(S＞0)
I.e. d Saii(i, j ═ 1, 2, …, n). Where S is called a scale factor, usually taken
(8) And calculating a total influence relation matrix T, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
T＝D(I-D)-1
(9) and calculating the importance weight of each index. Firstly, calculating the influence degree of each index and the influence degree of each index, adding the influence degrees of the indexes to the elements in the matrix T according to rows to obtain the influence degrees of the corresponding indexes, and adding the influence degrees of the indexes to the elements in the matrix T according to columns to obtain the influence degrees of the corresponding indexes. Influence fi and influenced h as index iiThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
the degree of centrality m of the index can be calculated from the degree of influence and the degree of influence of each indexiThe calculation method is as follows:
mi＝fi+hi
the centrality represents the size and importance status of the index in the whole system, and the centrality of each index is normalized to obtain the corresponding importance weight wbiWherein:
(10) and calculating the final weight of each index. The final weight value is defined by the entropy weight w of each indexaiAnd importance weight wbiAnd (i ═ 1, 2, …, n) by proportional addition. Respectively setting the proportion of the two as a and b, and finally obtaining a weight w by an entropy weight-DEMATEL methodiComprises the following steps:
(11) and obtaining the basic score of the operation efficiency grade and the additional score of the operation efficiency grade according to the final weight.
And S103, determining an additional efficiency grade coefficient of each control unit according to the operation efficiency grade additional score.
Specifically, the operation efficiency grade additional score is converted into a numerical value interval of [1,1.2] in proportion to obtain an additional efficiency grade coefficient of each control unit.
And S104, multiplying the basic grade of the operation efficiency grade of each control unit by the additional efficiency grade coefficient to obtain the grade of the target operation efficiency of each control unit.
By implementing the method, the basic index set and the additional index set of the control unit are subjected to weighting processing based on an entropy weight-DEMATEL method so as to obtain operation efficiency grade basic scores and operation efficiency grade additional scores, the additional efficiency grade coefficient of each control unit is determined according to the operation efficiency grade additional scores, and finally target operation efficiency grade scores are obtained according to the operation efficiency grade basic scores and the additional efficiency grade coefficients; the entropy weight method and the DEMATEL method are effectively combined, so that the interference that indirect relations among factors are difficult to quantify can be avoided, and the combined weight value can be more real and credible, so that the target operation efficiency grade grading based on the weight value is more accurate, and the accuracy of the empty pipe operation efficiency grade evaluation is improved.
Correspondingly, on the basis of the method for evaluating the level of the operating efficiency of the air traffic control based on the entropy weight-DEMATEL method provided by the embodiment, the embodiment of the invention also provides a device for evaluating the level of the operating efficiency of the air traffic control based on the entropy weight-DEMATEL method. Referring to fig. 2, the evaluation apparatus includes:
an obtaining module 10, configured to obtain base indexes and additional indexes of multiple control units to form a base index set and an additional index set of the control units;
the weighting module 11 is used for weighting the basic index set and the additional index set of the control unit based on an entropy weight-DEMATEL method to obtain an operation efficiency grade basic score and an operation efficiency grade additional score;
the determining module 12 is configured to determine an additional efficiency level coefficient of each regulation unit according to the operation efficiency level additional score; specifically, the operation efficiency grade additional score is converted into a numerical value interval of [1,1.2] in proportion to obtain an additional efficiency grade coefficient of each control unit;
and the evaluation module 13 is configured to multiply the additional efficiency grade coefficient by the operation efficiency grade basic grade of each control unit to obtain a target operation efficiency grade of each control unit.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the empowering module is specifically configured to:
1) selecting all n basic indexes or additional indexes of m control units, and establishing an evaluation matrix;
2) carrying out standardization processing on the evaluation matrix;
3) calculating the proportion of the ith index of each control unit to all samples based on the standardized evaluation matrix;
4) calculating the entropy value of the ith index according to the specific gravity, and calculating the entropy weight of each index according to the entropy value;
5) constructing a direct influence average matrix and carrying out normalization processing on the direct influence average matrix;
6) calculating a total influence relation matrix based on the normalized direct influence average matrix;
7) calculating the importance weight of each index according to the total influence relation matrix;
8) calculating a final weight according to the entropy weight of each index and the importance weight of each index;
9) and obtaining the basic score of the operation efficiency grade and the additional score of the operation efficiency grade according to the final weight.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, for a specific work flow of the empty pipe operation efficiency level evaluation device based on the entropy weight-DEMATEL method, reference is made to the description of the foregoing method embodiment, and details are not repeated herein.
The empty pipe operation efficiency grade evaluation device based on the entropy weight-DEMATEL method is implemented, a basic index set and an additional index set of a control unit are subjected to weighting processing based on the entropy weight-DEMATEL method so as to obtain an operation efficiency grade basic grade and an operation efficiency grade additional grade, an additional efficiency grade coefficient of each control unit is determined according to the operation efficiency grade additional grade, and finally a target operation efficiency grade is obtained according to the operation efficiency grade basic grade and the additional efficiency grade coefficient; the entropy weight method and the DEMATEL method are effectively combined, so that the interference that indirect relations among factors are difficult to quantify can be avoided, and the combined weight value can be more real and credible, so that the target operation efficiency grade grading based on the weight value is more accurate, and the accuracy of the empty pipe operation efficiency grade evaluation is improved.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. An empty pipe operation efficiency grade evaluation method based on an entropy weight-DEMATEL method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring basic indexes and additional indexes of a plurality of control units to form a basic index set and an additional index set of the control units; the basic indexes comprise tower, approach and regional traffic flow density, average taxiing time ring ratio change rate and average extra flight time, and the additional indexes comprise tower, approach and regional carbon emission saving and fuel oil saving;
weighting the basic index set and the additional index set of the control unit based on an entropy weight-DEMATEL method to obtain an operation efficiency grade basic score and an operation efficiency grade additional score;
converting the operation efficiency grade additional scores into a numerical value interval of [1,1.2] in proportion to obtain additional efficiency grade coefficients of each control unit;
multiplying the basic grade of the operating efficiency grade of each control unit by the additional efficiency grade coefficient to obtain the grade of the target operating efficiency of each control unit; wherein, obtain the basic score of operating efficiency grade and the additional score of operating efficiency grade, specifically include:
1) selecting all n basic indexes or additional indexes of m control units, and establishing an evaluation matrix;
2) carrying out standardization processing on the evaluation matrix;
3) calculating the proportion of the ith index of each control unit to all samples based on the standardized evaluation matrix;
4) calculating the entropy value of the ith index according to the specific gravity, and calculating the entropy weight of each index according to the entropy value;
5) constructing a direct influence average matrix and carrying out normalization processing on the direct influence average matrix;
6) calculating a total influence relation matrix based on the normalized direct influence average matrix;
7) calculating the importance weight of each index according to the total influence relation matrix;
8) calculating a final weight according to the entropy weight of each index and the importance weight of each index;
9) and obtaining the basic score of the operation efficiency grade and the additional score of the operation efficiency grade according to the final weight.
2. The method for evaluating the level of the operating efficiency of the empty pipe based on the entropy weight-DEMATEL method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the evaluation matrix is subjected to standardization, and specifically comprises the following steps:
converting the inverse form index in the evaluation matrix into a normal form index;
and carrying out non-dimensionalization processing on the indexes in the evaluation matrix.
3. The method for evaluating the level of the operating efficiency of the empty pipe based on the entropy weight-DEMATEL method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the construction of the direct influence average matrix specifically comprises:
obtaining a comparison result of each judger on any two indexes;
forming a direct influence matrix according to the comparison result;
the average of the same factors in the direct influence matrices of all the judges is calculated to construct the direct influence average matrix.
4. The method for evaluating the level of the operating efficiency of the air traffic control based on the entropy weight-demotel method as claimed in claim 1, wherein calculating the importance weight of each index according to the total influence relationship matrix specifically comprises:
calculating the influence degree and the influenced degree of indexes in the total influence relation matrix;
calculating the centrality according to the influence degree and the influenced degree;
and carrying out normalization processing on the centrality to obtain the importance weight of each index.
5. The method for evaluating the level of the operating efficiency of the air traffic control based on the entropy weight-DEMATEL method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the final weight according to the entropy weight of each index and the importance weight of each index specifically comprises the steps of:
and adding the entropy weight of each index and the importance weight of each index in proportion to obtain the final weight.
6. An empty pipe operation efficiency grade assessment device based on an entropy weight-DEMATEL method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the system comprises an acquisition module, a storage module and a processing module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring basic indexes and additional indexes of a plurality of control units to form a basic index set and an additional index set of the control units;
the weighting module is used for weighting the basic index set and the additional index set of the control unit based on an entropy weight-DEMATEL method so as to obtain an operation efficiency grade basic score and an operation efficiency grade additional score;
the determining module is used for converting the operation efficiency grade additional score into a numerical value interval of [1,1.2] in proportion to obtain an additional efficiency grade coefficient of each control unit;
the evaluation module is used for multiplying the basic grade of the operating efficiency grade of each control unit by the additional efficiency grade coefficient to obtain the grade of the target operating efficiency of each control unit;
wherein, the empowerment module is specifically configured to:
1) selecting all n basic indexes or additional indexes of m control units, and establishing an evaluation matrix;
2) carrying out standardization processing on the evaluation matrix;
3) calculating the proportion of the ith index of each control unit to all samples based on the standardized evaluation matrix;
4) calculating the entropy value of the ith index according to the specific gravity, and calculating the entropy weight of each index according to the entropy value;
5) constructing a direct influence average matrix and carrying out normalization processing on the direct influence average matrix;
6) calculating a total influence relation matrix based on the normalized direct influence average matrix;
7) calculating the importance weight of each index according to the total influence relation matrix;
8) calculating a final weight according to the entropy weight of each index and the importance weight of each index;
9) and obtaining the basic score of the operation efficiency grade and the additional score of the operation efficiency grade according to the final weight.
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| WO2018107510A1 (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2018-06-21 | 深圳先进技术研究院 | Method and apparatus for evaluating service quality of public transport system |
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