CN109190178A - A kind of China fir carbon density calculation method based on DEM terrain factor - Google Patents

A kind of China fir carbon density calculation method based on DEM terrain factor Download PDF

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CN109190178A
CN109190178A CN201810892624.7A CN201810892624A CN109190178A CN 109190178 A CN109190178 A CN 109190178A CN 201810892624 A CN201810892624 A CN 201810892624A CN 109190178 A CN109190178 A CN 109190178A
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CN109190178B (en
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石媛媛
邓明军
唐健
王会利
曹继钊
宋贤冲
潘波
覃祚玉
覃其云
邓小军
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Hunan Academy of Forestry
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于DEM地形因子的杉木碳密度计算方法，包括以下步骤：首先提取DEM数据中的坡度、坡向、海拔、坡度变率、坡向变率作为地形因子，并分别计算杉木各龄组对应的各地形因子权重，再分别计算各龄组综合地形因子F，建立年碳密度估算模型：幼龄林Y＝0.0011F+2.04，中龄林Y＝0.0012F+2.05，近熟林Y＝11.24‑0.064X4‑0.088X3‑0.171X5，成熟林Y＝‑0.0025F+1.69，过熟林Y＝0.01X2+0.828。本发明计算方法简单便捷，仅仅利用DEM数据中的地形因子就能估算杉木年碳密度，为区域范围内碳储量估算提供一种方法。The invention discloses a method for calculating the carbon density of Chinese fir based on a DEM terrain factor. The corresponding topographic factor weights of each age group were calculated, and the comprehensive topographic factor F of each age group was calculated separately to establish an annual carbon density estimation model: young-aged forest Y=0.0011F+2.04, middle-aged forest Y=0.0012F+2.05, near-mature forest Y=0.0011F+2.05 Forest Y=11.24‑0.064X 4‑0.088X 3‑0.171X 5 , mature forest Y=‑0.0025F+1.69, overripe forest Y=0.01X 2 +0.828. The calculation method of the invention is simple and convenient, and the annual carbon density of Chinese fir can be estimated only by using the terrain factor in the DEM data, thereby providing a method for estimating carbon storage in a region.

Description

A kind of China fir carbon density calculation method based on DEM terrain factor
Technical field
The present invention relates to China fir carbon density calculation methods, close more particularly, to a kind of China fir carbon based on DEM terrain factor Spend calculation method.
Background technique
The forest ecosystem carbon storehouse important as one plays an important role in region and global carbon, is The maximum carbon storehouse of the ecosystem.The carbon stored in forest accounts for 45% or so of Global Carbon total amount, year carbon capacity account for about land ecology The 2/3 of system organic C storage.Since the nineties in last century, forest biomass carbon storage, carbon density and carbon based on provincial scale The function correlative study that converges becomes hot spot.China fir is one of distinctive main yielding timber plantationsion of southern china, accounts for Chinese artificial forest face Long-pending 30% 2016, more than 2,000 ten thousand mu of Guangxi China fir cultivated area, always has accumulated and accounts for the 20% of Guangxi forest stock, puts down 15.8m3/ mus are accumulated, therefore, Chinese Fir Plantation Ecosystem plays China's especially Guangxi ecosystem carbon cycle important Effect, understand Cunninghamia Lanceolata Plantations Live carbon storage Distribution Pattern facilitate to carbon cycle of forest ecosystem mechanism carry out it is deeper The research entered.Currently, the research that China fir Live carbon storage Spatial Distribution Pattern is analyzed from provincial scale is more, however from space ruler The rare report of research that degree research terrain factor influences China fir Carbon fixation, carbon concentration profile pattern.Not due to orographic condition Together, the environmental factors such as light, heat, water, fertilizer have a process for distributing combination again, forming region miniclimate, even if in same dimension band, There is also very big differences for Chinese fir Stand primary production and biomass under different terrain conditions.Therefore, it is necessary to study be based on DEM number According to forest inventory investigation statistical data, estimate Live carbon storage and carbon concentration profile lattice under each age group China fir different terrain conditions Office, and then the relationship model being fitted between terrain factor and carbon density, provide a kind of China fir carbon density based on DEM terrain factor Calculation method provides evidence for the research of regional scale China fir ecology organic C storage, carbon density and ability to pool carbon.
Summary of the invention
The growth of China fir year carbon density is calculated using DEM terrain factor technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of The calculation method of amount provides a kind of convenient and fast method for the estimation of China fir organic C storage.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of China fir carbon density calculation method based on DEM terrain factor, comprising the following steps:
(1) it extracts terrain factor and calculates weight
The research area gradient in extraction digital complex demodulation data, slope aspect, height above sea level, gradient variability, slope aspect variability respectively As terrain factor, the weight of each terrain factor is calculated separately using rough set method, then calculates separately each age as follows The synthesis terrain factor F of group:
F=W1X1+W2X2+W3X3+W4X4+W5X5
In formula, X1For slope aspect, X2For height above sea level, X3For the gradient, X4For gradient variability, X5For slope aspect variability, W1The weight of slope aspect, W2The weight of height above sea level, W3The weight of the gradient, W4The weight of gradient variability, W5The weight of slope aspect variability；
(2) biomass and Live carbon storage are estimated
1. biomass estimation
China fir biomass, China fir biomass estimation equation are estimated using conversion factor continuous function method are as follows:
B=aV+b,
In formula: B is unit area biomass；V is unit area accumulation, and a and b are respectively parameter, take a=0.3999, b =22.5410；
B is divided by the age of stand up to unit area China fir year biomass；
2. Carbon fixation and carbon density estimation
The mean carbon content of each organ of cohort lanceolata forest is not multiplied by the China fir biomass of corresponding age group up to not cohort Chinese fir Stand Live carbon storage；
Carbon density is the Live carbon storage of each age group standing forest divided by corresponding standing forest area；
(3) the year carbon density model of different China fir age groups is established
According to the synthesis terrain factor of standing forest terrain factor and each age group obtained by step (1), with step (2) resulting correspondence The carbon density data of standing forest obtain each age of stand group year carbon density using successive Regression or linear regression fit and estimate as observation Model is as follows:
Young growth: Y=0.001F+2.04；
Middle-aged forest: Y=0.001F+2.05；
Near-mature forest: Y=11.24-0.064X4-0.088X3-0.171X5；
Mature forest: Y=-0.0025F+1.69；
Overmature forest: Y=0.01X2+0.828；
In the above formulas, Y is year carbon density, and F is comprehensive terrain factor, X2For height above sea level, X3For the gradient, X4For gradient variability, X5For slope aspect variability.
In the terrain factor, slope aspect quantify as follows: Schattenseite quantized value is 1, and half Schattenseite quantized value is 2, half tailo Quantized value is 3, and tailo quantized value is 4.
The criteria for classifying of the China fir age group are as follows: young growth≤10 year, middle-aged forest 10~20 years, near-mature forest 21~25 years, Mature forest 26~35 years, overmature forest was 35 years or more.
The mean carbon content of each organ of the not cohort lanceolata forest are as follows: the mean carbon content of young growth is 0.47, middle age The mean carbon content of woods is 0.48, and the mean carbon content of near-mature forest is 0.49, and the mean carbon content of mature forest is 0.54.
The present invention has the advantages that using the calculated China fir year carbon density of calculation method and actual measurement of the invention For error within allowed band, R value reaches the level of signifiance between numerical value.The calculation method is just with the landform in dem data The factor can estimate China fir carbon density increment, simple and convenient, provide a kind of method for organic C storage estimation in regional scope.
Specific embodiment
It elaborates with reference to embodiments to a specific embodiment of the invention, but does not constitute and right of the present invention is wanted Ask the limitation of protection scope.
China fir carbon density calculation method based on DEM terrain factor of the invention, step include:
1. extracting terrain factor and calculating weight:
Extract the research area gradient in digital complex demodulation data, slope aspect, height above sea level, slope respectively using ArcGIS tool Variability, slope aspect variability are spent as terrain factor.Because slope aspect is descriptive index, slope aspect is quantified in calculating process, Schattenseite Quantized value is 1, and half Schattenseite quantized value is 2, and half tailo quantized value is 3, and tailo quantized value is 4.Terrain factor is extracted to provide with forest For minimum statistics unit standing forest in the investigation statistics data of source as unit, the terrain factor extracted represents the ground of corresponding standing forest Shape.Each landform Factor Weight of each age group is calculated separately using rough set method, the results are shown in Table 1.
Each age group terrain factor weight of table 1.
Each age group criteria for classifying are as follows: young growth≤10 year, middle-aged forest 10~20 years, near-mature forest 21~25 years, mature forest 26 ~35 years, overmature forest was 35 years or more.
Calculate separately the synthesis terrain factor F of each age group as follows again:
F=W1X1+W2X2+W3X3+W4X4+W5X5。
In formula, X1For slope aspect, X2For height above sea level, X3For the gradient, X4For gradient variability, X5For slope aspect variability, W1For the power of slope aspect Weight, W2For the weight of height above sea level, W3For the weight of the gradient, W4For the weight of gradient variability, W5For the weight of slope aspect variability.
2. the estimation of biomass and Live carbon storage:
Accumulation in research on utilization area forest land forest resource survey data estimates that China fir biomass in unit area, carbon store Accumulated amount and carbon density, the specific steps are as follows:
1. biomass estimation
China fir biomass estimation uses conversion factor continuous function method, and the conversion factor continuous function method is referring to square essence Cloud, Liu Guohua, the biomass and net production [J] of Xu Song age China forest cover, Acta Ecologica Sinica, 1996,16 (5): 497- 508.China fir biomass estimation equation are as follows: B=aV+b, in formula: B is unit area biomass (thm-2), V is unit area storage Accumulated amount (m3·hm-2), a and b are respectively parameter.The relative growth that this expression formula meets biology is theoretical, has generality.Take a =0.3999, b=22.5410.Estimate resulting China fir biomass B divided by the age of stand up to unit area China fir year biomass.
2. Carbon fixation and carbon density estimation
The carbon content of China fir difference age of stand section has different, therefore using the average carbon of not each organ of cohort lanceolata forest Content is multiplied by its corresponding biomass estimation not cohort Chinese fir Stand Live carbon storage.
The wherein not mean carbon content of each organ of cohort lanceolata forest: young growth 0.47, middle-aged forest 0.48, near-mature forest It is 0.49, mature forest 0.54.
Carbon density is the Live carbon storage of each age group standing forest divided by corresponding standing forest area.
3. establishing year carbon density appraising model:
Using the relationship between standing forest terrain data and year carbon density increment, according to step 1 gained standing forest terrain factor With the synthesis terrain factor F of each age group, using the carbon density data of the resulting corresponding standing forest of step 2 as observation, using gradually It is as shown in table 2 that recurrence or linear regression fit obtain each age of stand group year carbon density appraising model:
Each age of stand group year carbon density appraising model of table 2.
In table 2, R2It is the goodness of fit of model, is the bigger the better, n represents observation data volume.
The method of the present invention, it is only necessary to have the DEM terrain data of target area, using ArcGIS tool extract DEM landform because Son can estimate the China fir carbon density value in the region according to above-mentioned model.
Example 1: father's concubine mountain Young Growth of Chinese Fir standing forest, the age of stand 5 years, area 2.58hm2
Utilize ArcGIS tool extract DEM terrain factor: slope aspect be half tailo (quantized value 3), 851.68 meters of height above sea level, slope Degree 22.99, gradient variability sos value 6.76, slope aspect variability soa value 4.69 are counted according to young growth year carbon density appraising model It calculates, which is 2.28tChm-2, then standing forest Live carbon storage is 29.41tC.
Example 2: forest farm Middle-aged China-fir standing forest in happy, the age of stand 11 years, area 5.42hm2
Utilize ArcGIS tool extract DEM terrain factor: slope aspect be Schattenseite (quantized value 1), 792.83 meters of height above sea level, the gradient 25.89, gradient variability sos39.55, slope aspect variability soa9.44 are calculated according to middle-aged forest year carbon density appraising model, should Standing forest year carbon density is 2.27tChm-2, then standing forest Live carbon storage is 135.34tC.
3: Huang Mian forest farm China fir near-mature forest standing forest of example, the age of stand 25, area 1.86hm2
Utilize ArcGIS tool extract DEM terrain factor: slope aspect be Schattenseite (quantized value 1), 501.67 meters of height above sea level, the gradient 40.5, the gradient variability sos value 48.48, slope aspect variability soa value 12.37 are counted according to near-mature forest year carbon density appraising model It calculates, which is 2.46tChm-2, then standing forest Live carbon storage is 114.30tC.
Example 4: refined long forest farm Cunninghamia lanceolata mature plantation standing forest, the age of stand 30, area 0.74hm2
Utilize ArcGIS tool extract DEM terrain factor: half Schattenseite of slope aspect (quantized value 2), 746.83 meters of height above sea level, the gradient 14.59, the gradient variability sos value 47.48, slope aspect variability soa value 7.29 are counted according to mature forest year carbon density appraising model It calculates, which is 1.28tChm-2, then standing forest Live carbon storage is 28.42tC.

Claims (4)

1.一种基于DEM地形因子的杉木碳密度计算方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：1. a fir carbon density calculation method based on DEM terrain factor, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: (1)提取地形因子并计算权重(1) Extract the terrain factor and calculate the weight 分别提取数字高程模型DEM数据中的研究区坡度、坡向、海拔、坡度变率、坡向变率作为地形因子，采用粗糙集方法分别计算各地形因子的权重，再按以下公式分别计算各龄组的综合地形因子F：The slope, aspect, altitude, slope variability, and aspect variability of the study area in the DEM data of the digital elevation model were extracted as terrain factors, and the weights of each terrain factor were calculated by the rough set method, and then calculated according to the following formulas. The composite terrain factor F of the group: F＝W1X1+W2X2+W3X3+W4X4+W5X5 F=W 1 X 1 +W 2 X 2 +W 3 X 3 +W 4 X 4 +W 5 X 5 式中，X1为坡向，X2为海拔，X3为坡度，X4为坡度变率，X5为坡向变率，W1坡向的权重，W2海拔的权重，W3坡度的权重，W4坡度变率的权重，W5坡向变率的权重；where X1 is the aspect, X2 is the altitude, X3 is the slope, X4 is the slope variability, X5 is the aspect variability, W1 is the weight of the aspect, W2 is the weight of the altitude, and W3 is the slope , W 4 weight of slope variability, W 5 weight of aspect variability; (2)估算生物量和碳蓄积量(2) Estimation of biomass and carbon storage ①生物量估算①Biomass estimation 采用换算因子连续函数法估算杉木生物量，杉木生物量估算方程为：Using the conversion factor continuous function method to estimate the biomass of Chinese fir, the biomass estimation equation of Chinese fir is: B＝aV+b，B=aV+b, 式中：B为单位面积生物量；V为单位面积蓄积量，a和b分别为参数，取a＝0.3999，b＝22.5410；In the formula: B is the biomass per unit area; V is the accumulation amount per unit area, a and b are parameters respectively, take a=0.3999, b=22.5410; B除以林龄即得单位面积杉木年生物量；Divide B by the forest age to obtain the annual biomass of fir per unit area; ②碳蓄积和碳密度估算② Carbon accumulation and carbon density estimation 不同龄组杉木林各器官的平均碳含量乘以对应龄组的杉木生物量即得不同龄组杉木林分碳蓄积量；The average carbon content of each organ of Chinese fir forests in different age groups is multiplied by the biomass of Chinese fir in the corresponding age groups to obtain the carbon storage of Chinese fir forests in different age groups; 碳密度为各龄组林分的碳蓄积量除以相应的林分面积；Carbon density is the carbon stock of each age group divided by the corresponding stand area; (3)建立不同杉木龄组的年碳密度模型(3) Establish the annual carbon density model of different fir age groups 根据步骤(1)所得林分地形因子和各龄组的综合地形因子，以步骤(2)所得的对应林分的碳密度数据作为观测值，采用逐步回归或线性回归拟合得到各林龄组年碳密度估算模型如下：According to the topographic factor of the stand obtained in step (1) and the comprehensive topographic factor of each age group, and using the carbon density data of the corresponding stand obtained in step (2) as the observed value, stepwise regression or linear regression fitting was used to obtain each stand age group. The annual carbon density estimation model is as follows: 幼龄林：Y＝0.001F+2.04；Young forest: Y=0.001F+2.04; 中龄林：Y＝0.001F+2.05；Middle-aged forest: Y=0.001F+2.05; 近熟林：Y＝11.24-0.064X4-0.088X3-0.171X5；Near mature forest: Y=11.24-0.064X 4-0.088X 3-0.171X 5 ; 成熟林：Y＝-0.0025F+1.69；Mature forest: Y=-0.0025F+1.69; 过熟林：Y＝0.01X2+0.828；Overripe forest: Y=0.01X 2 +0.828; 上述各式中，Y为年碳密度，F为综合地形因子，X2为海拔，X3为坡度，X4为坡度变率，X5为坡向变率。In the above formulas, Y is the annual carbon density, F is the comprehensive terrain factor, X 2 is the altitude, X 3 is the slope, X 4 is the slope variability, and X 5 is the slope aspect variability. 2.如权利要求1所述的一种基于DEM地形因子的杉木碳密度计算方法，其特征在于，所述地形因子中，坡向进行量化如下：阴坡量化值为1，半阴坡量化值为2，半阳坡量化值为3，阳坡量化值为4。2. a kind of fir carbon density calculation method based on DEM terrain factor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described terrain factor, the slope aspect is quantified as follows: the quantified value of shaded slope is 1, and the quantified value of semi-shady slope is 1. is 2, the semi-sunny slope is 3, and the sunny slope is 4. 3.如权利要求1所述的一种基于DEM地形因子的杉木碳密度计算方法，其特征在于，所述杉木龄组的划分标准为：幼龄林≤10年，中龄林10～20年，近熟林21～25年，成熟林26～35年，过熟林为35年以上。3. The method for calculating the carbon density of Chinese fir based on the DEM terrain factor according to claim 1, wherein the division criteria of the Chinese fir age group are: juvenile forest≤10 years, middle-aged forest 10-20 years 21 to 25 years for near-mature forests, 26 to 35 years for mature forests, and more than 35 years for over-mature forests. 4.如权利要求1所述的一种基于DEM地形因子的杉木碳密度计算方法，其特征在于，所述不同龄组杉木林各器官的平均碳含量为：幼龄林的平均碳含量为0.47，中龄林的平均碳含量为0.48，近熟林的平均碳含量为0.49，成熟林的平均碳含量为0.54。4. a kind of Chinese fir carbon density calculation method based on DEM terrain factor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the average carbon content of each organ of described different age groups Chinese fir forest is: the average carbon content of young forest is 0.47 , the average carbon content of middle-aged forest was 0.48, the average carbon content of near-mature forest was 0.49, and the average carbon content of mature forest was 0.54.
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