CN109188291B - Lead-acid storage battery nuclear capacity discharge residual capacity prediction method - Google Patents
Lead-acid storage battery nuclear capacity discharge residual capacity prediction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109188291B CN109188291B CN201811080943.4A CN201811080943A CN109188291B CN 109188291 B CN109188291 B CN 109188291B CN 201811080943 A CN201811080943 A CN 201811080943A CN 109188291 B CN109188291 B CN 109188291B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
- G01R31/3648—Constructional arrangements comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for predicting the residual capacity of nuclear capacity discharge of a lead-acid storage battery, which is characterized in that the predicted value C of the residual capacity of the nuclear capacity discharge of the lead-acid storage battery is as follows:
wherein, Δ V is the voltage difference of the lead-acid storage battery; a. b and c are constants and are actually calibrated depending on the initial value of the lead-acid battery. The invention obviously shortens the nuclear capacity discharge time of the lead-acid storage battery, avoids deep discharge of the lead-acid storage battery and prolongs the service life of the lead-acid storage battery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of lead-acid storage batteries, and particularly relates to a method for predicting the residual capacity of nuclear capacity discharge of a lead-acid storage battery.
Background
The direct current power supply is widely applied to an electric power system, and at a transformer station end, the direct current operation power supply supplies power for occasions such as a control circuit, a relay protection circuit, an automatic device, emergency lighting and the like; and at the dispatching end, the direct-current power supply provides uninterrupted power supply for the dispatching automation system. Under normal conditions, a direct current power supply is provided by an alternating current power supply through rectification, a storage battery pack of a direct current system is charged at the same time, when the alternating current power supply fails or is in power failure, a direct current operation power supply is provided by the storage battery pack, the storage battery pack is generally formed by connecting 110 sections of lead-acid storage batteries in series, and each storage battery is 2V and 220V. Because of the importance of the operation power supply, the requirement on the reliability of the storage battery pack serving as a standby power supply is high, and in order to ensure that the direct-current power supply cannot be interrupted due to the fault of the storage battery, when a certain storage battery fails, the problem needs to be found and solved in time.
After the lead-acid storage battery is used for a period of time, the residual capacities (SOC) of the lead-acid storage battery are different due to various reasons, the consistency of the lead-acid storage battery is different, the capacity and the efficiency of the whole battery pack are obviously reduced, and great hidden danger is brought to safe operation of a power system. Therefore, in order to ensure safe and reliable operation of the electric power direct current system, the storage battery with larger capacity deviation or failure can be found in time, and the method has important significance.
At present, a power company carries out capacity verification on a storage battery pack regularly, the storage battery pack which runs for more than three years generally carries out capacity discharge once every half year or a year, the constant current discharge current is I10(0.1C), and the discharge duration of each battery is 10 hours. Nuclear capacity discharge is a labor-intensive, tedious and time-consuming task, and in order to quickly and accurately measure the residual capacity, many years have developed various methods for predicting the residual capacity of storage batteries, including: voltage method, internal resistance method, system identification and parameter modeling method (neural network, vector machine, fuzzy inference, etc.), etc., except for the voltage method, the reliability of other methods can not meet the actual requirement. The voltage method is generally established based on a linear relation between the residual capacity and the voltage difference, and according to long-term measurement data, the relation between the residual capacity and the voltage difference is not a strict linear relation, so that the error of the voltage method is large, and sometimes the accuracy requirement cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for predicting the residual capacity of the nuclear capacity discharge of the lead-acid storage battery, which has the effects of improving the prediction precision and expanding the prediction voltage range.
The invention discloses a method for predicting the residual capacity of nuclear capacity discharge of a lead-acid storage battery, wherein a predicted value C of the residual capacity of the nuclear capacity discharge of the lead-acid storage battery is as follows:
wherein, Δ V is the voltage difference of the lead-acid storage battery; a. b and c are constants and are actually calibrated depending on the initial value of the lead-acid battery.
Further, the calculation process of the voltage difference of the lead-acid storage battery comprises the following steps:
before discharge, open-circuit voltage V of lead-acid storage battery is measured0；
During discharging, discharging at a constant current of 0.1C for a preset time;
after the discharge is finished, measuring the open-circuit voltage V of the lead-acid storage battery1；
According to V0And V1And solving the difference value, and calculating to obtain the voltage difference of the lead-acid storage battery.
Further, after the discharge is finished, the open-circuit voltage V of the lead-acid storage battery is measured1Before, still include:
and standing the lead-acid storage battery for a preset time.
Further, in the discharge, the discharge was performed at a constant current of 0.1C for 20 minutes.
Further, the lead-acid storage battery was left standing for 20 minutes.
Further, the process for acquiring the initial value of the lead-acid storage battery comprises the following steps:
and deeply discharging the lead-acid storage battery, and measuring the actual residual capacity of the lead-acid storage battery when the cut-off voltage is 1.8V, wherein the actual residual capacity of the lead-acid storage battery at the moment is the initial value of the lead-acid storage battery.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) compared with the existing voltage method, the method for predicting the residual capacity of the lead-acid storage battery nuclear capacity discharge improves the precision of the prediction of the residual capacity of the storage battery.
(2) The method for predicting the residual capacity of the lead-acid storage battery nuclear capacity discharge obviously shortens the time of the storage battery nuclear capacity discharge, avoids deep discharge of the storage battery, and prolongs the service life of the storage battery.
(3) The method for predicting the residual capacity of the lead-acid storage battery nuclear capacity discharge obviously reduces the labor intensity of the storage battery nuclear capacity discharge.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is the results of a voltage method linear fit;
FIG. 2 is a graph of a voltage method error distribution;
FIG. 3 is a fitting result of the residual capacity of the nuclear capacity discharge of the lead-acid storage battery according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a lead-acid battery capacity error distribution of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The experimental data of the lead-acid storage battery nuclear capacity discharge residual capacity are obtained by testing in the environment of simulating a power dispatching center direct-current system, and the types of the used storage batteries are as follows: GFM-600C (Santa Yang Power supply Co., Ltd. in Shandong), the running time of part of the storage battery pack is more than three years and the running time of part of the storage battery pack is more than five years in the environment of 25 ℃ at room temperature.
During the operation, the accumulator is always in floating charge state, and its open circuit voltage is maintained at the open circuit voltage of full charge. During testing, nuclear-capacitance discharge (deep discharge, cut-off voltage 1.8V) is performed once every half year, multiple groups of experiments show that the voltage difference of I10(0.1C) after constant current discharge for 20 minutes has representative significance, and part of typical experimental data of the nuclear-capacitance discharge is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 typical nuclear capacity discharge experimental data
Wherein: voltage difference Δ V ═ V0-V1，V0Is an initial open circuit voltage, V1The open circuit voltage after constant current discharge of I10(0.1C) for 20 minutes, and the actual capacity (a · h) is the battery capacity measured after deep discharge (cut-off voltage 1.8V).
Wherein, I10 ═ 0.1C; i10 represents 10 hour rate discharge current; 0.1C represents 0.1 times the battery capacity.
The calculation formula of the voltage method residual capacity prediction is as follows:
C＝a-b(ΔV-c) (1)
wherein: and delta V is a voltage difference, a, b and c are constants, and the actual calibration is required depending on manufacturers of storage batteries.
According to the formula (1), the measured residual capacity distribution data of the storage battery in the table I is utilized, and a matlab tool is used for linear fitting to obtain the formula:
C＝650.0-1.972×(ΔV-127.8) (2)
the results of the voltage-method linear fit are shown in FIG. 1.
The calculated residual capacity according to the fitting equation (2) is shown in table 2, and the error distribution is shown in fig. 2.
The average error of the voltage method was calculated to be 9.3% according to table 2.
TABLE 2 remaining Capacity calculation data by Voltage method
The invention discloses a method for predicting the residual capacity of nuclear capacity discharge of a lead-acid storage battery, wherein a predicted value C of the residual capacity of the nuclear capacity discharge of the lead-acid storage battery is as follows:
wherein, Δ V is the voltage difference of the lead-acid storage battery; a. b and c are constants and are actually calibrated depending on the initial value of the lead-acid battery.
Specifically, the calculation process of the voltage difference of the lead-acid storage battery is as follows:
before discharge, open-circuit voltage V of lead-acid storage battery is measured0；
During discharging, discharging at a constant current of 0.1C for a preset time;
after the discharge is finished, measuring the open-circuit voltage V of the lead-acid storage battery1；
According to V0And V1And solving the difference value, and calculating to obtain the voltage difference of the lead-acid storage battery.
In the specific implementation, after the discharge is finished, the open-circuit voltage V of the lead-acid storage battery is measured1Before, still include:
and standing the lead-acid storage battery for a preset time.
During discharging, the discharge was performed at a constant current of 0.1C for 20 minutes.
The lead-acid battery was allowed to stand for 20 minutes.
The process for acquiring the initial value of the lead-acid storage battery comprises the following steps:
and deeply discharging the lead-acid storage battery, and measuring the actual residual capacity of the lead-acid storage battery when the cut-off voltage is 1.8V, wherein the actual residual capacity of the lead-acid storage battery at the moment is the initial value of the lead-acid storage battery.
According to equation (3), the measured data in table 1 is used to fit the equation with matlab tool:
the fitting results of the prediction method of the present invention are shown in fig. 3.
The calculated residual capacity according to the fitting formula (4) is shown in table 3, and the error distribution is shown in fig. 4.
According to the table 3, the average error of the prediction method is calculated to be 7.2%, and compared with a voltage method, the capacity prediction precision is improved by 2.1%.
Table 3 remaining capacity calculation data of the present invention
Compared with the existing voltage method, the method for predicting the residual capacity of the lead-acid storage battery nuclear capacity discharge improves the precision of the prediction of the residual capacity of the storage battery.
The method for predicting the residual capacity of the lead-acid storage battery nuclear capacity discharge obviously shortens the time of the storage battery nuclear capacity discharge, avoids deep discharge of the storage battery, and prolongs the service life of the storage battery.
The method for predicting the residual capacity of the lead-acid storage battery nuclear capacity discharge obviously reduces the labor intensity of the storage battery nuclear capacity discharge.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for predicting the residual capacity of nuclear capacity discharge of a lead-acid storage battery is characterized in that a predicted value C of the residual capacity of the nuclear capacity discharge of the lead-acid storage battery is as follows:
wherein, Δ V is the voltage difference of the open-circuit voltage of the lead-acid storage battery before and after the discharge; a. b and c are constants and depend on the initial value of the lead-acid storage battery to carry out actual calibration;
the calculation process of the voltage difference of the lead-acid storage battery comprises the following steps:
before discharge, open-circuit voltage V of lead-acid storage battery is measured0；
During discharging, discharging at a constant current of 0.1C for a preset time;
after the discharge is finished, measuring the open-circuit voltage V of the lead-acid storage battery1；
According to V0And V1And solving the difference value, and calculating to obtain the voltage difference of the lead-acid storage battery.
2. The method for predicting the residual capacity of the nuclear capacity discharge of the lead-acid storage battery according to claim 1, wherein after the discharge is finished, the open-circuit voltage V of the lead-acid storage battery is measured1Before, still include:
and standing the lead-acid storage battery for a preset time.
3. The method for predicting the residual capacity of the nuclear capacity discharge of the lead-acid storage battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lead-acid storage battery is discharged for 20 minutes at a constant current of 0.1 ℃.
4. The method for predicting the residual capacity of nuclear capacity discharge of the lead-acid storage battery according to claim 2, wherein the lead-acid storage battery is left standing for 20 minutes.
5. The method for predicting the residual capacity of the nuclear capacity discharge of the lead-acid storage battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the initial value of the lead-acid storage battery is obtained by the following steps:
and deeply discharging the lead-acid storage battery, and measuring the actual residual capacity of the lead-acid storage battery when the cut-off voltage is 1.8V, wherein the actual residual capacity of the lead-acid storage battery at the moment is the initial value of the lead-acid storage battery.
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