CN109187634A - Bituminous pavement Thermal Decomposition Mechanism research method under a kind of fire working - Google Patents
Bituminous pavement Thermal Decomposition Mechanism research method under a kind of fire working Download PDFInfo
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- CN109187634A CN109187634A CN201810972268.XA CN201810972268A CN109187634A CN 109187634 A CN109187634 A CN 109187634A CN 201810972268 A CN201810972268 A CN 201810972268A CN 109187634 A CN109187634 A CN 109187634A
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- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
- G01N25/22—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity on combustion or catalytic oxidation, e.g. of components of gas mixtures
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Abstract
The present invention is bituminous pavement Thermal Decomposition Mechanism research method under a kind of fire working, belong to pavement technique field, solves the problems, such as current research method there are test parameters that single, heating method and practical fire working are not inconsistent, are difficult to bituminous pavement Thermal Decomposition Mechanism under comprehensive, objective research fire working.The method comprises the steps of firstly, preparing bitumen mixture specimens, record sample quality, wrap up sample bottom and surrounding side using tinfoil paper；Then, corresponding caloradiance is set, bituminous pavement thermal decomposition behavior under different fire scales is simulated, lights test specimen, acquires Thermal Decomposition Parameters；Finally, flame extinguishes completely, turn off calorimeter air-exhausting duct and taper heater, it specifies the mass change in asphalt thermal decomposition process, inhale exothermic character, volatile matter precipitation process, volatile constituent and content, flue gas toxity, analyze residue pattern, element composition, asphalt Thermal Decomposition Mechanism is disclosed, provides foundation for research and development fire retardant and bituminous pavement safety when improving fire.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is bituminous pavement Thermal Decomposition Mechanism research method under a kind of fire working, belongs to pavement technique field.
Background technique
In recent years, with the fast development that China's traffic base is built, vcehicular tunnel is built as the weight in highway construction
Component part is wanted also to obtain quick development, tunnel highway construction in China gradually develops to growing up direction.Compared to tunnel
Outer highway section, vcehicular tunnel closure is strong, structure is complicated, narrow space, depth are compared with long, entrance quantity is few, especially right
The faster vcehicular tunnel of running speed, much larger than section outside hole, the fire incident rate thus caused significantly increases traffic accident rate,
Once occur fire incident, caused by consequence it is hardly imaginable, therefore tunnel fire safety evaluating problems demand solve.
The particularity of tunnel structure makes security against fire extremely important.The periphery in tunnel is soil or rock, inner space
When fire occurs, hot fume cannot exclude in time, and heat aggregation, internal temperature rises fastly, and burn rate is fast.Asphaltic concrete road
Pitch in face meets fire and easily burns, and easily trickles after melting, the intensity of a fire is caused further to spread expansion.Once highway tunnel
Fire incident occurs for road, and due to the inflammability of pitch, road surface very likely participates in burning, and discharges a large amount of toxic gas.This
Outside, the inflammable gases such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, alkane, benzene can be decomposited in combustion process, and then exacerbate the pyrolysis and combustion of pitch
Burn, caused by Tunnel Fire endanger.
The combustion process of pitch is a violent thermal oxidation process, and pitch is sharply degraded, and with dense smoke and flame.Drip
Blueness can not only decomposite the inflammable gases such as hydrogen, methane, hydro carbons and benzene in burning, but also due to containing nitrogen and sulphur member in pitch
NO, SO will be also generated after element burning2Jeopardize the poison gas of human life's safety with CO etc..In the closed environment in tunnel, in addition to
Environment temperature is high outer, and the reasons such as smog is big in the relative closure and tunnel of tunnel environment, and visibility is low are to trapped person's
Life security causes threat, also increases difficulty for the process of suing and labouring.It is found by researches that due to sucking flue dust in a fire and having
Poisonous gas and caused by the death rate be 85%.
Current research work is concentrated mainly on the research to the combustion characteristics of pitch, and studies in China person is by using TG/
The DSC-FTIR technical research combustion mechanism of asphalt binder, the three phases of discovery bituminous pavement burning: light components
Volatilization, the mass loss of asphalt binder, pitch residue charing.But actually bituminous pavement is that have certain grade combo
At mineral aggregate and asphalt material mixed and stirred under the conditions of strict control made of mixture.As it can be seen that asphalt and pitch at
It is made a big difference on point, asphalt also contains coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, filler etc. in addition to pitch.Therefore, research pitch is mixed
It closes material thermal decomposition characteristic and practical guidance meaning is had more to the Thermal Decomposition Mechanism for understanding fire process bituminous pavement.
Cone calorimetry (CONE) is a kind of novel polymer-based material combustion characteristics tester, in terms of combustion testing
The test method for thering is important technology to break through.Research worker has found the oxygen of every consumption unit mass when liquids and gases burning
The heat of release be substantially it is the same, cone calorimetry is exactly the oxygen that every consumption 1kg is measured using the oxygen consumption principle, releasing
Heat is 13.1MJ.Therefore, if combustion product all in test is all collected and accurately measures gas flow rate and oxygen
Gas concentration, so that it may change Heat liberation unit when calculating material combustion according to oxygen concentration, for prediction fire hazard and fire-retardant anti-jig
It is significant.
In nineteen ninety, the corresponding testing standard ASTM E1354-90 of U.S.'s tailor, and International Organization for standardization
(ISO) the international standard IS05660 with cone calorimetry test material fire behavior, Chinese needle have also formally been published in 1993
The test of GB/T16172 standard guidance cone calorimetry is also put into effect to construction material heat release rate, sample can be measured by changing test
Multiple thermal decomposition performance parameters, including heat release rate, mass loss rate, cigarette generating rate, active combustion heat, total release
Heat, burning time and about volatile matter toxicity and corrosivity etc..The measurement of these performance parameters is in stabilization, really, easily
It is obtained under conditions of control, and can be in different time, place repetitive operation.It therefore, is further research pitch mixing
Expect that Thermal Decomposition Mechanism provides beneficial support.
Heat release rate is to characterize the important performance parameter of fire intensity, and heat release rate is bigger, and thermal discharge is bigger, is formed
Fire hazard it is bigger.Total release heat refers to that under preset incident heat flow rate per unit area, material is from lighting fray-out of flame
Until discharged heat summation.Heat release rate and total release heat are combined, the heat of material can be preferably evaluated
Decomposability has more objective, comprehensive guiding effect to fire research.Mass loss rate refers to that sample is thermally decomposing
Quality changes with time rate in the process, reflects thermal decomposition, volatilization and burning degree of the material under certain caloradiance.
In addition to mass loss rate, mass loss curve can be obtained by cone calorimetry test, thus the remnants under obtaining different moments
Amount of substance, convenient for intuitively analyzing the thermal decomposition behavior of burning sample.
Traditional test method, such as oxygen index method, vertical combustion, horizontal firing method, although having easy to operate, fast
The features such as fast, reproducible, but the generally existing test parameter of these methods is single, heating cycle and practical fire condition are not inconsistent
Disadvantage, it is difficult to the preferably thermal decomposition behavior of simulation asphalt in a fire, sometimes to the assessment of same material, using not
Same test method has obtained conflicting result.Compared with traditional test method, cone calorimetry heating method, heat point
It solves environment and true material thermal decomposition operating condition is close, acquisition test parameters is abundant, can preferably reflect under natural fire situation and drip
Green mixture thermal decomposition performance, the test result measured and large-scale full size cun fire test there are good correlation, this for
The thermal decomposition characteristic of Research on Asphalt Mixture is of great significance.But currently without mixed using cone calorimetry research pitch
The research method of material Thermal Decomposition Mechanism is closed, the present invention proposes asphalt surface hot point under a kind of fire working based on cone calorimetry
The research method for solving mechanism, deeper into, it is objective disclose asphalt thermal decomposition behavior at high temperature, to propose fire-retardant, suppression
Cigarette measure, raising Asphalt Pavement Fire safety lay the foundation.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of research methods of bituminous pavement Thermal Decomposition Mechanism under fire working, to solve mesh
Preceding research method there are test parameters single, heating method and practical fire working are not inconsistent, are difficult to comprehensive, objective research fire work
Under condition the problem of bituminous pavement Thermal Decomposition Mechanism, to lay the foundation for Asphalt Pavement Fire security study.
(2) technical solution
Exist in view of current bituminous pavement Thermal Decomposition Mechanism research method test parameter is single, heating method and practical fire
Calamity operating condition is not inconsistent, is difficult to the problem of bituminous pavement thermal decomposition behavior under comprehensive, objective research fire working, proposed adoption cone of the present invention
Shape calorimeter experimental study bituminous pavement Thermal Decomposition Mechanism, technical solution of the present invention are as follows: bitumen mixture specimen is prepared first,
Sample quality is recorded after drying, using the bottom and surrounding side of tinfoil paper package sample；Then, it is strong to set corresponding heat radiation
Degree, simulates bituminous pavement thermal decomposition behavior under different fire scales, and the ceramics that test specimen is placed in cone calorimetry carrying pond are fine
On dimension pad；It lights compound test specimen, acquires Thermal Decomposition Parameters, including ignitor firing time, heat release rate, mass loss rate, have
Imitate the combustion heat, specific extinction area, raw cigarette rate, raw cigarette total amount；Extinguish completely finally, working as flame on test specimen, turns off calorimeter row
Air hose and taper heater analyze test result, specify the mass change in asphalt thermal decomposition process, inhale heat release spy
Property, volatile matter is precipitated dynamic process, volatile constituent and content, flue gas toxity and corrosivity, and uses scanning electron microscope and luminous energy
Spectrometer analyzes residue microscopic appearance, element composition, discloses asphalt Thermal Decomposition Mechanism, to improve fire process asphalt road
Face safety provides foundation.
(3) beneficial effect
In recent years, as the development of highway in China communication and the level of urbanization improve, Tunnel Engineering is more and more extensive
It is generalized.Tunnel gradually develops to growing up at present, and because the volume of traffic is big, travel speed is fast, it is more that tunnel has become traffic accident
Section is sent out, thus caused fire incident rate is in rising trend.Because bituminous pavement have low noise, skid resistance is good, driving is comfortable,
The advantages that easy-maintaining and maintenance, therefore tunnel road surface mostly uses bituminous pavement.But pitch easy firing under hot environment, release
Big calorimetric poison gas.Once fire occurs in tunnel relative closure environment, environment temperature is increased rapidly, and smog is difficult in tunnel
Discharge in time, visibility reduction etc. seriously threaten trapped person's life security, also increase difficulty for work of suing and labouring.Therefore, it grinds
The Thermal Decomposition Mechanism for studying carefully tunnel fire hazard process asphalt reduces fire hazard to research and development composite Nano fire retardant, improves tunnel
Road Asphalt Pavement Fire safety is of great significance.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides bituminous pavement Thermal Decomposition Mechanism research methods under a kind of fire working, and specific implementation step is such as
Under:
(1) asphalt track plate test specimen is prepared, 3 samples of 100mm × 100mm × 20mm are cut into, opposite
Humidity is 50%, and temperature is dried under the conditions of being 23 DEG C to constant weight, records sample quality, using the bottom and four of tinfoil paper package sample
All sides；
(2) sample is placed on the ceramic fibre mat in cone calorimetry carrying pond, with steel mesh grid voltage in sample upper surface,
Different caloradiances are set, bituminous pavement thermal decomposition behavior under different fire scales is simulated；
(3) when sample surfaces are ignited, record burning time, observation asphalt melting, drippage, compound test specimen are burst apart, are stuck up
Bent situation acquires Thermal Decomposition Parameters, including ignitor firing time, heat release rate, mass loss rate, active combustion heat, total release
Heat, specific extinction area, raw cigarette rate and raw cigarette total amount；
(4) when on sample flame extinguish completely, continue to acquire 2min test data, fume component analysis instrument works on
10min turns off calorimeter air-exhausting duct and taper heater, when heater is cooled to room temperature, turns off water source；
(5) test result is analyzed, the mass change in asphalt thermal decomposition process is understood, inhales exothermic character, volatilization
Dynamic process, volatile constituent and content, flue gas toxity and corrosivity is precipitated in object, and is analyzed using scanning electron microscope and luminous energy spectrometer
Combustion residue microscopic appearance, element composition and its content, disclose asphalt Thermal Decomposition Mechanism.
Claims (1)
1. the present invention provides bituminous pavement Thermal Decomposition Mechanism research methods under a kind of fire working, it is characterised in that this method
Specific step is as follows:
(1) asphalt track plate test specimen is prepared, 3 samples of 100mm × 100mm × 20mm are cut into, in relative humidity
It is 50%, temperature is dried under the conditions of being 23 DEG C to constant weight, sample quality is recorded, using the bottom and four sides of tinfoil paper package sample
Face；
(2) sample is placed on the ceramic fibre mat in cone calorimetry carrying pond, with steel mesh grid voltage in sample upper surface, setting
Different caloradiances simulate bituminous pavement thermal decomposition behavior under different fire scales；
(3) when sample surfaces are ignited, burning time is recorded, observation asphalt melting, drippage, compound test specimen burst apart, warpage feelings
Condition, acquire Thermal Decomposition Parameters, including ignitor firing time, heat release rate, mass loss rate, active combustion heat, always discharge heat,
Specific extinction area, raw cigarette rate and raw cigarette total amount；
(4) when on sample flame extinguish completely, continue to acquire 2min test data, fume component analysis instrument works on 10min,
Turn off calorimeter air-exhausting duct and taper heater, when heater is cooled to room temperature, turns off water source；
(5) test result is analyzed, the mass change in asphalt thermal decomposition process is understood, inhales exothermic character, volatile matter analysis
Dynamic process, volatile constituent and content, flue gas toxity and corrosivity out, and using scanning electron microscope and the analysis burning of luminous energy spectrometer
Residue microscopic appearance, element composition and its content, disclose asphalt Thermal Decomposition Mechanism.
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| CN201810972268.XA CN109187634A (en) | 2018-08-22 | 2018-08-22 | Bituminous pavement Thermal Decomposition Mechanism research method under a kind of fire working |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109781771A (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2019-05-21 | 南京工业大学 | Typical oil fire hazard assessment system and its evaluation method in wind-power engine room |
-
2018
- 2018-08-22 CN CN201810972268.XA patent/CN109187634A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109781771A (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2019-05-21 | 南京工业大学 | Typical oil fire hazard assessment system and its evaluation method in wind-power engine room |
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Application publication date: 20190111 |