CN109187236A - It is a kind of to apply the high speed impact experimental rig preloaded and method - Google Patents
It is a kind of to apply the high speed impact experimental rig preloaded and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109187236A CN109187236A CN201810852015.9A CN201810852015A CN109187236A CN 109187236 A CN109187236 A CN 109187236A CN 201810852015 A CN201810852015 A CN 201810852015A CN 109187236 A CN109187236 A CN 109187236A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/307—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by a compressed or tensile-stressed spring; generated by pneumatic or hydraulic means
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Abstract
Apply the high speed impact experimental rig preloaded and method the invention discloses a kind of, which includes test specimen target plate, force loading device, the first target holder, the second target holder, driving assembly and percussion mechanism；The both ends of the test specimen target plate are respectively fixing end and connecting pin, and the fixing end is fixed on first target holder, and the connecting pin is connect with the output end of the force loading device；Force loading device is fixed on second target holder；The force loading device is driven by the driving component to apply the compression that self-retaining end is directed toward the tensile stress of connecting pin or is directed toward fixing end from connecting pin to test specimen target plate；The percussion mechanism is directed toward the center of test specimen target plate.Prestressing force can be changed by adjusting pressure regulator valve, and directly rule of thumb formula accurately calculates prestressing force size, is not necessarily to install foil gauge on test specimen target plate, effectively prevents leading to loaded prestressing force deviation because impact damages foil gauge, easy to operate, test effect is also more stable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high speed impacts to test field, and in particular to it is a kind of apply the high speed impact experimental rig that preloads and
Method.
Background technique
The structural member in the fields such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, military affairs can suffer from High Loading Rate, as blade is lost, bird/ice is hit
It hits, foreign object damage etc..These structural members are typically subjected to certain load effect in normal use, and existing high speed impact is tried
Proved recipe method usually only carries out experiment examination to structural member not loaded, therefore can not assess its shock resistance under loading conditions
Performance.Have much for the test of structure high-speed or low velocity impact performance study, and for preloading flowering structure impact property
Research it is fewer and fewer, research method is also required to further improve.
Preloading the influence to structural member shock resistance is measured by test method.Impact test is usually true
Fixed military, civil equipment Product Safety, a kind of test method of reliability and validity when being subjected to external force and colliding or act on.
Since composite material is widely used in all parts in aero-engine, and compressor, turbine when aero-engine work
Rotor has very big revolving speed, and casing component is typically subjected to inner pressuring load and axial force, this make many components of engine be all
It bears working under sizable load (such as centrifugal load, pressure loading etc.).Therefore it probes into and preloads lower high speed impact to knot
The influence of component performance is more bonded reality, and particularly important.Research at present preload the test of lower high speed impact mostly and be all using
It drops hammer, pendulum or air bubble realize shock loading.It and is usually based on mechanical load, also for the equipment of preloading
It is to generate testpieces to be displaced and fix this displacement realization preloading.And the method preloaded added by measuring is typically all to test
Foil gauge or strain gauge are pasted on part, and size is preloaded by measurement strain magnitude estimation.This way is time-consuming and laborious and impact tries
Foil gauge is easily destroyed when testing causes estimation to increase error when preloading.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of high speed impact examination for applying and preloading
Experiment device, which directly applies target prestressing force when may be implemented in test, and has higher stability.
The present invention also provides a kind of test methods using above-mentioned experimental rig.
Technical solution: a kind of high speed impact experimental rig that application preloads of the present invention, including test specimen target plate, power
Loading device, the first target holder, the second target holder, driving assembly and percussion mechanism；The both ends of the test specimen target plate are respectively fixing end
And connecting pin, the fixing end are fixed on first target holder, the output end of the connecting pin and the force loading device connects
It connects；Force loading device is fixed on second target holder, and force loading device is driven by the driving component to test specimen target
Plate applies the compression that self-retaining end is directed toward the tensile stress of connecting pin or is directed toward fixing end from connecting pin；The percussion mechanism refers to
To the center of test specimen target plate.
The utility model has the advantages that the experimental rig, which directly applies self-retaining end to test specimen target plate by force loading device, is directed toward connecting pin
Tensile stress or the compression of fixing end is directed toward from connecting pin, tensile stress or compression are respectively positioned on test specimen target plate institute planar,
To which torque will not be generated when applying load, the accuracy of test is improved.Without installing foil gauge on test specimen target plate, effectively keep away
Exempt to lead to loaded prestressing force deviation because impact damages foil gauge, has improved the stability of experimental rig.
Specifically, the driving component includes sequentially connected air compressor machine, pressure regulator valve and air boost pump, the air increases
The output end of press pump connects the force loading device.Force loading device is driven by driving assembly, it can direct rule of thumb formula
Prestressing force size is calculated, is easier than the operation of note foil gauge.
And technical solution used by a kind of test method using above-mentioned experimental rig of the present invention includes following
Step:
(1) starting air compressor machine inflation, to air compressor machine inflation after, air is passed through pressure regulator valve, and by pressure regulator valve into
Enter air boost pump；
(2) it is read according to formula prestressing force=pressure regulator valve pressure reading × air boost pump multiple × Fluid pressure；Adjustment
Regulating valve and air boost pump, so that force loading device applies the tensile stress or compression of target sizes to test specimen target plate；
(3) center for starting percussion mechanism impact test piece target plate, completes test.
The utility model has the advantages that pre- can be answered to change to what test specimen target plate was applied by adjusting pressure regulator valve using the test method
Power size, and prestressing force directly can be accurately calculated according to formula.Operated compared with pasting foil gauge simpler, test effect is also more
Add stabilization；By controlling the tolerance of compressed air, so that the polishing amount of air compressor machine is greater than the air consumption of air boost pump, realize power load
It is self-locking after device application prestressing force, to keep the prestressing force applied constant.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram for the high speed impact experimental rig that present invention application preloads；
Fig. 2 is the partial structural diagram for the high speed impact experimental rig that present invention application preloads；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of air compressor machine of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of pressure regulator valve of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of air boost pump of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the first target holder of the invention；Wherein, 6a shows the connection spiral shell of the first target holder and fixing end
Keyhole position, 6b show the fixing bolt hole site of the first target holder；
Fig. 7 is the gasket construction schematic diagram that the first target holder of the invention is connect with fixing end；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of inside clamping plate in the present invention；Wherein, 8a shows the bolt hole position of inside clamping plate,
8b shows the cross sectional shape of inside clamping plate；
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of external card slot in the present invention；Wherein, 9a shows the bolt hole position of external card slot,
9b shows the cross sectional shape of external card slot；
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of the second target holder of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In the following, being described in further details in conjunction with attached drawing to the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, present embodiment discloses a kind of high speed impact experimental rig for applying and preloading, the device packets
Include test specimen target plate 1, force loading device 2, the first target holder 3,6 (not shown) of the second target holder 4, driving assembly 5 and percussion mechanism.
The fixing end of test specimen target plate 1 is fixed on the first target holder 3, and the connecting pin of test specimen target plate 1 is connected to force loading device 2
Output end.Specifically, metal or composite material to be tested are fabricated to rectangular test specimen target plate 1 in the present embodiment.It is long
Two rectangular short sides are respectively fixing end and the connecting pin of test specimen target plate 1.Referring to Figure 6 together shown in middle 6a, in the first target
Multiple link bolt hole are offered on frame 3, using the gasket 8 for opening up multiple bolts hole in corresponding position as shown in Figure 7, by test specimen
The fixing end of target plate 1 is pressed on the first target holder 3, and uses bolt fastening, guarantees assembly intensity.
Force loading device 2 is fixed on the second target holder 4.Oil cylinder can be selected when implementation as loading force source.Force loading device 2
Output end have clamp assemblies and output shaft 23, clamp assemblies include two inside clamping plates 21 being oppositely arranged and an outside
Card slot 22.Please with reference to shown in 8a in Fig. 8 and 8b, offering two groups of bolts hole of different sizes, test specimen on inside clamping plate 21
The connecting pin of target plate 1 is clamped in the slot that two inside docking of clamping plate 21 are formed and is bolted.Simultaneously refering in Fig. 9
Shown in 9a, 9b, external card slot 22 is again provided with multiple bolts hole in corresponding position, and two inside clamping plates 21 are arranged in external card
In the card slot of slot 22, and it is bolted.Also have on external card slot 22 and externally threaded connecting rod is set, output shaft 23 matches
It is provided with internal screw thread, external card slot 22 is threadedly coupled output shaft 23.Output shaft 23 can be rotated around center axis thereof, so as to
Clamp assemblies are driven to surround the center axis thereof of output shaft 23.
As shown in Figure 10, the side and the back side of the second target holder 4 are respectively arranged with multiple bolts hole, and force loading device 2 passes through
It is bolted in the side of the second target holder 4.
For driving assembly for driving force loading device 2, driving assembly has air compressor machine 5, pressure regulator valve 6 and air boost pump 7.
Air compressor machine 5, pressure regulator valve 6 and air boost pump 7 are sequentially connected by tracheae, the output end and force loading device 2 of air boost pump 7
Connection.Driving assembly provides driving force to force loading device 2, so that force loading device 2 applies pre- answer to test specimen target plate 1
Power.Specifically when the output shaft 23 of force loading device 2 is protruding, test specimen target plate 1 can be applied to be directed toward from connecting pin and fixed
The compression at end can apply the tensile stress that connecting pin is directed toward at self-retaining end to test specimen target plate 1 when output shaft 23 is to contract.
And the tensile stress and the compression are respectively positioned in the plane at 1 place of test specimen target plate.
As shown in figure 3, air compressor machine 5 has air gauge 51, supply gas valve 52 and drain tap 53.When starting air compressor machine 5,
It can be inflated from trend tank body, supply gas valve 52 at this time and drain tap 53 is in closed state, the reading of air gauge 51 rises.
When the inflation of air compressor machine 5 finishes, 51 stable reading of air gauge is in a certain value.As shown in figure 4, pressure regulator valve 6 has voltage regulating meter 61, lead to
The knob for screwing pressure regulator valve 6 is crossed, air pressure, the gas pressure that voltage regulating meter 61 will show that pressure regulator valve 6 is adjusted is adjusted.As shown in Figure 5
Air boost pump 7 has the fluid pressure meter 71 being connected on fluid circuit, and lower part also has oil storage cylinder.Into air boost pump
Compressed gas in 7 can be pressurized at multiple, and be converted into high oil pressure and pushed out oil in oil cylinder.Fluid pressure meter 71 will be to oil pressure
Accurately shown.
Valve 52 of supplying gas connects the inlet end of pressure regulator valve 6 by tracheae, and the outlet side of pressure regulator valve 6 connects air by tracheae
The inlet end of booster pump 7.After driving assembly assembles, the oil outlet pipe of air boost pump 7 is connected to force loading device 2,
Also it is attached on oil cylinder.Complete the installation of driving assembly.
In present embodiment, impact force is provided as percussion mechanism using air bubble, in order to keep test accurate, percussion mechanism
It is directed toward the center of test specimen target plate 1.
As shown in 6b in Fig. 6, the back side of the first target holder 3 is provided with bolt hole identical with the back side of the second target holder 4, and first
Target holder 3 and the second target holder 4 are fixed in the stand of testing stand by the bolt at the back side, pass through mobile adjustable first target of stand
The lateral distance of frame 3 and the second target holder 4, to adapt to the test specimen target plate 1 of different length size.
Before test, the installation and fixation of each component are completed, and make test specimen target plate 1 and clamp assemblies by rotating clamp assemblies
In same plane, so that tensile stress and compression are respectively positioned in the plane at 1 place of test specimen target plate, production when avoiding applying prestressing force
Raw torque.
When test, air after inflating to air compressor machine, is passed through pressure regulator valve, and pass through pressure regulation by starting air compressor machine inflation
Valve enters air boost pump；Air is pressurized by multiple in air boost pump and pushes the hydraulic oil in oil storage cylinder, and driving force adds
It carries and sets.According to formula prestressing force=pressure regulator valve pressure reading × air boost pump multiple × Fluid pressure reading；Adjustment is adjusted
Valve and air boost pump, so that force loading device applies the tensile stress or compression of target sizes to test specimen target plate.Then it opens
The center of dynamic percussion mechanism impact test piece target plate, completes test.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of apply the high speed impact experimental rig preloaded, which is characterized in that including test specimen target plate (1), force loading device
(2), the first target holder (3), the second target holder (4), driving assembly and percussion mechanism；The both ends of the test specimen target plate (1) are respectively solid
Fixed end and connecting pin, the fixing end are fixed on first target holder (3), the connecting pin and the force loading device (2)
Output end connection；Force loading device (2) is fixed on second target holder (4)；The force loading device (2) passes through the drive
Dynamic Component driver is fixed to apply the tensile stress of self-retaining end direction connecting pin to test specimen target plate (1) or be directed toward from connecting pin
The compression at end；The percussion mechanism is directed toward the center of test specimen target plate (1).
2. according to claim 1 apply the high speed impact experimental rig preloaded, which is characterized in that the driving component
Including sequentially connected air compressor machine (5), pressure regulator valve (6) and air boost pump (7), the output end of the air boost pump (7) connects
Connect the force loading device (2).
3. according to claim 1 apply the high speed impact experimental rig preloaded, which is characterized in that the power load dress
The output end for setting (2) includes output shaft (23) and clamp assemblies；The clamp assemblies have external card slot (22) and inside clamping plate
(21), the external card slot (22) connect with the output shaft (23)；The inside clamping plate (21) is arranged in external card slot (22)
It is interior and fixed；The connecting pin is gripped by the inside clamping plate (21).
4. according to claim 3 apply the high speed impact experimental rig preloaded, which is characterized in that the clamp assemblies
Central axis around the output shaft (23) is rotatably arranged.
5. according to claim 1 apply the high speed impact experimental rig that preloads, which is characterized in that the tensile stress and
The compression is respectively positioned in the plane where the test specimen target plate (1).
6. described in any item according to claim 1~5 apply the high speed impact experimental rig preloaded, which is characterized in that institute
It states test specimen target plate (1) to be rectangle, be made of metal or composite material.
7. a kind of test method using the experimental rig as described in any one of claim 1~6, which is characterized in that including as follows
Step:
(1) air after inflating to air compressor machine, is passed through pressure regulator valve, and enter sky by pressure regulator valve by starting air compressor machine inflation
Gas booster pump；
(2) it is read according to formula prestressing force=pressure regulator valve pressure reading × air boost pump multiple × Fluid pressure；Adjustment is adjusted
Valve and air boost pump, so that force loading device applies the tensile stress or compression of target sizes to test specimen target plate；
(3) center for starting percussion mechanism impact test piece target plate, completes test.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810852015.9A CN109187236A (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2018-07-27 | It is a kind of to apply the high speed impact experimental rig preloaded and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810852015.9A CN109187236A (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2018-07-27 | It is a kind of to apply the high speed impact experimental rig preloaded and method |
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| CN109187236A true CN109187236A (en) | 2019-01-11 |
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| CN201810852015.9A Pending CN109187236A (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2018-07-27 | It is a kind of to apply the high speed impact experimental rig preloaded and method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110160863A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-23 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of composite laminated plate shock-testing special fixture applying pretension |
| CN110487649A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-22 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | It is a kind of high throughput spalling damage evolution freeze experimental model and implementation method |
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| CN107101881A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-08-29 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of brace pre axial force, the impact experiment apparatus of moment of flexure and its experimental method |
| CN107907290A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-04-13 | 西北工业大学 | Structural Dynamics reliability test |
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| CN2854560Y (en) * | 2005-06-30 | 2007-01-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | High strength thin steel plate axial loading sample and its holding device |
| CN201229281Y (en) * | 2008-07-24 | 2009-04-29 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Sheet metal impacting and stretching device |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110160863A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-23 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of composite laminated plate shock-testing special fixture applying pretension |
| CN110160863B (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2021-12-03 | 西北工业大学 | Composite material laminated plate impact test special fixture capable of applying pretension force |
| CN110487649A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-22 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | It is a kind of high throughput spalling damage evolution freeze experimental model and implementation method |
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Application publication date: 20190111 |