CN109186991A - Vertical tree type blade root automatic Fitting and matched method - Google Patents
Vertical tree type blade root automatic Fitting and matched method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109186991A CN109186991A CN201811248194.1A CN201811248194A CN109186991A CN 109186991 A CN109186991 A CN 109186991A CN 201811248194 A CN201811248194 A CN 201811248194A CN 109186991 A CN109186991 A CN 109186991A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/20—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring contours or curvatures, e.g. determining profile
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of vertical tree type blade root automatic Fittings and matched method, comprising the following steps: 1) establishes the gross data of vertical tree type blade root shape；2) gross data and measurement data are read respectively；3) consecutive points are found；4) least square method is fitted every slope；5) it calculates every second dervative and filters；6) datagram inflection point is found；7) job search face and active line and slope midpoint are calculated；8) midpoint line center translation is pressed；9) symmetrical principle is tilted according to two sides working face to rotate around center；10) the essence translation of X, Y-direction are carried out according to the midpoint of the slope of measurement working face, intercept and gross data, the final detection realized to vertical tree type blade root measures.The present invention uses in such a way that reference for assembling is detection benchmark, by way of certain algorithms selection minimal error, theoretical and measurement data matching can be carried out automatically, and shows each section of error and translation spin step on profile, so that convenient judge blade steam passage part.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to steam turbine technology field, in particular to a kind of vertical tree type blade root automatic Fitting and matched method.
Background technique
Vertical tree type blade root detection at present does not form unified standard, and present inspection software does not also do one to this structure
A system and single-minded detection mode.Main cause is still that reference for assembling working face is small, axial linear distance less than
10mm, if measurement with the mode that matches is unreasonable will biggish error.Many detection modes are detection benchmark at present
It is transformed on side and sagittal plane, will lead to detection in this way, processing, reference for assembling are not overlapped, so that product testing error is influenced,
The judgement in effect type face, even if also last fitting will be caused to miss if algorithm is unreasonable as detection benchmark using working face
Difference.As it can be seen that existing software detection mode can't carry out detection measurement completely with reference for assembling, even with assembly base
Standard detected also can there is a certain error because it is related with the reasonability of algorithm to matching relationship.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: in view of the above problems, providing one kind with reference for assembling is detection benchmark, can
It is automatic to carry out theoretical and measurement data matching, and show each section of error and translation spin step on profile, thus side
Just vertical tree type blade root automatic Fitting blade steam passage part judged and matched method.
The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows: vertical tree type blade root automatic Fitting and matched method, feature exist
In: the following steps are included:
1) gross data for establishing vertical tree type blade root shape measures vertical tree type blade root using three coordinate detectors and is surveyed
Measure data；
2) gross data and measurement data are read respectively, form the wheel under vertical tree type blade root theory state and under actual measurement state
Exterior feature figure；
3) find consecutive points, for the every bit in gross data and measurement data all calculate in other all the points from the point away from
From nearest series of points, for the approximated slope being fitted at the point, and corresponding datagram is formed；
4) least square method is fitted every slope, carries out least square method fitting, meter for point of proximity calculated in step 3)
The slope of every bit is calculated, and obtains corresponding slope figure, the jump of maximum to minimum in figure corresponds in datagram
The inflection point of slope infinity everywhere；
5) it calculates every second dervative and filters, ask down and filter again for slope calculated in step 4), obtain corresponding
Second dervative figure, peak value, which corresponds to everywhere in slope figure, in figure is mutated；
6) datagram inflection point is found, by peak value point draws to form data inflection point figure everywhere in step 5), in data inflection point figure
The position of inflection point and the inflection point of datagram are corresponding；
7) job search face and active line and slope midpoint are calculated, it, will for the working face of selection in the case where known inflection point
Point on working face is all found out；
3 fit slopes on this bar line at each point are calculated first, then replace the value of the point to carry out to close on the mean value of several points
Round and smooth processing obtains second dervative and filters then to its derivation, finally successively calculates the slope on working face at each point and is somebody's turn to do
The relative mistake of the slope fitted, the point lower than given threshold is thought on this line, thus the work to find a job on face
Line, and determine the terminus of active line, and then calculate active line midpoint；
8) midpoint line center translation is pressed, the vertical tree type blade root contour line that measurement data is formed is rotated by a certain angle, and will figure
Shape moves near origin, on the basis of the midpoint of the left and right active line midpoint line of measurement data and gross data, will measure
Data move near gross data；
9) it tilts symmetrical principle according to two sides working face to rotate around center, according to above-mentioned calculated theoretical and measurement data
The slope of active line can calculate its inclination angle, calculate the angle that rotate according to the principle that error angle bilateral symmetry is divided equally
Degree is rotated around the center of theoretical work face midpoint line；
10) X is carried out according to the midpoint of the slope of measurement working face, intercept and gross data, the essence of Y-direction translates: a) basis
The intersection point of two active lines carries out the translation of X essence for the offset of rotation center, calculates the left and right active line that measure data fitting goes out
Intersection point, compared with the center of the line at gross data active line midpoint, judge it is to the left or to the right, and with X-coordinate meter
Calculate offset；B) translation of Y essence is carried out to the two the smallest principles of measurement active line sum of the distance according to theoretical two midpoints, calculated left
Side and the active line midpoint of right side gross data correspond to the sum of the distance of active line to measurement data, by iteration keep it minimum come
Obtain the size of final Y-direction essence translational movement；
11) the vertical tree type blade root that the vertical tree type blade root contour line and gross data formed according to measurement data after essence translation is formed is taken turns
Profile is matched, and realizes that the detection to vertical tree type blade root measures.
Vertical tree type blade root automatic Fitting of the present invention and matched method judge size in the step 2
Simultaneously spin data is held, unified first to place the big end of vertical tree type blade root profile diagram upwards, specific spinning solution are as follows: judgement is all
The Y coordinate of X-coordinate smallest point is located at the poincare half plane or lower half-plane of image in data, rotates if being located at lower half-plane
180 degree.
Vertical tree type blade root automatic Fitting of the present invention and matched method, in the step 2, truncation is invalid
Measurement data, if measurement when data include big end right angle section, right angle section corresponding data is cut out according to ordinate
The a part on side.
Vertical tree type blade root automatic Fitting of the present invention and matched method, in the step 3), for being sought
The point of proximity transverse and longitudinal coordinate of respective point is respectively present in same a line of two arrays by the consecutive points looked in a program, forms phase
The datagram answered.
Vertical tree type blade root automatic Fitting of the present invention and matched method, it is characterised in that: by X, Y-direction
After essence translation, tolerances marking is carried out, in the vertical tree type that the vertical tree type blade root contour line that measurement data is formed is formed with gross data
The worst error of each straightway He each arc segment is marked out in the matching figure of blade root contour line, it is necessary first to straight line
It is identified with camber line separation, specific method is identical as the point calculating method always of active line；
Wherein, the circular of tolerance is at every bit: for each mathematical point, finding the measurement nearest from it
Point calculates the mathematical point and then calculates the slope at the mathematical point to the vector of the measurement point, and then obtains at the mathematical point
This two vectors dot product is just obtained theory and arrives the projection of measurement data vector in vertical direction by the vertical vector of near linear,
Then profile tolerance i.e. at the mathematical point takes the tolerances marking of the maximum absolute value of this section to come out again.
The present invention uses in such a way that reference for assembling is detection benchmark, by way of certain algorithms selection minimal error,
Theoretical and measurement data matching can be carried out automatically, and shows each section of error and translation spin step on profile, when
After blade root benchmark is effectively matched, according to theoretical and actual deviation, one when measurement workpiece assembly can be found out
Coordinate value, in order to carry out correctly measurement to steam passage part and judge.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is the profile for reading the vertical tree type blade root formed after gross data and measurement data in the present invention respectively
Figure.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is the profile diagram of gross data and the corresponding vertical tree type blade root of measurement data after overturning in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is profile diagram the showing after invalid measurement data is truncated for the vertical tree type blade root that measurement data is formed in the present invention
It is intended to.
Fig. 6 is the datagram of part in the present invention.
Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 is the theoretical slope figure obtained in the present invention by least square method fitting and measurement slope figure.
Fig. 9 and Figure 10 is the theoretical second dervative figure obtained in the present invention by second order derivation and measurement second dervative figure.
Figure 11 and Figure 12 is in the present invention by finding the gross data inflection point figure and measurement data that datagram inflection point obtains
Inflection point figure.
Figure 13 and Figure 14 is calculated theoretical work face and measurement working face in the present invention.
Figure 15 is each point slope schematic diagram on corresponding this bar line in relevant work face in the present invention.
Figure 16 be in the present invention on corresponding this bar line in relevant work face each point slope through round and smooth treated schematic diagram.
Figure 17 is the second dervative schematic diagram of each point on corresponding this bar line in relevant work face in the present invention.
Figure 18 and Figure 19 is the schematic diagram at calculated theoretical profile midpoint and measurement profile midpoint.
Figure 20 is that the vertical tree type blade root contour line that measurement data is formed rotates by a certain angle and by the signal after center translation
Figure.
Figure 21 is the vertical tree type blade root contour line of measurement data formation around the postrotational schematic diagram in center.
Figure 22 is the schematic diagram after the translation of X essence.
Figure 23 is the schematic diagram after the translation of Y essence.
Figure 24 is gross data straight line and camber line separation distribution schematic diagram.
Figure 25 is tolerances marking result schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
Specific embodiment: a kind of vertical tree type blade root automatic Fitting and matched method, comprising the following steps:
1) gross data for establishing vertical tree type blade root shape measures vertical tree type blade root using three coordinate detectors and is surveyed
Measure data.
2) gross data and measurement data are read respectively, are formed under vertical tree type blade root theory state and under actual measurement state
Profile diagram, as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2；Then further judge big small end and spin data, it is unified by vertical tree type blade root profile first
The big end of figure is placed upwards, in the present embodiment, is existed by reading the vertical tree type blade root profile diagram that gross data is formed in big end
State of the upper small end under, and the vertical tree type blade root profile diagram big end by reading measurement data formation then needs rotation number under
According to specific spinning solution are as follows: judge that the Y coordinate of X-coordinate smallest point in all data is located at the poincare half plane or lower half of image
Plane rotates 180 degree if being located at lower half-plane；Gross data and measurement data are corresponding after respectively overturning such as Fig. 3 and 4
The profile diagram of vertical tree type blade root.
As shown in figure 5, for the profile diagram of the corresponding vertical tree type blade root of measurement data after overturning carrying out that invalid survey is truncated
Data processing is measured, if data include the right angle section of big end in Fig. 4 when measurement, right angle section corresponding data is cut according to ordinate
Fall a part of top, the influence to avoid right angle section to subsequent processing, it is considered that avoiding during actual measurement.
3) consecutive points are found, the every bit in gross data and measurement data is all calculated in other all the points from this
Point for the approximated slope being fitted at the point, and forms corresponding datagram, as shown in Figure 6 apart from nearest series of points；Journey
The point of proximity transverse and longitudinal coordinate for the point is respectively present in same a line of two arrays in sequence.
4) least square method is fitted every slope, and it is quasi- to carry out least square method for point of proximity calculated in step 3)
It closes, calculates the slope of every bit, and obtain corresponding slope figure, the jump of maximum to minimum in figure corresponds to data
The inflection point of slope infinity everywhere in figure；In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7 and 8, it can be seen that have at 16 maximum to minimum
The jump of value corresponds to the inflection point of slope infinity at 16 on datagram.
5) it calculates every second dervative and filters, ask down and filter again for slope calculated in step 4), obtain phase
The second dervative figure answered, peak value, which corresponds to everywhere in slope figure, in figure is mutated；In the present embodiment, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, scheme
In 16 peak values correspond in slope figure 16 at be mutated.
6) datagram inflection point is found, by peak value point draws to form data inflection point figure, data inflection point everywhere in step 5)
The position of inflection point and the inflection point of datagram are corresponding in figure；It in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11 and 12, will be where peak value at 16
Point is drawn in the figure, it may be clearly seen that the inflection point with datagram is to deserved fine.
7) job search face and active line and slope midpoint are calculated, in the case where known inflection point, for the work of selection
Face is all found out the point on working face, as shown in Figs. 13 and 14.
3 fit slopes on this bar line at each point are calculated first, as shown in figure 15；Then to close on some mean values
Round and smooth processing is carried out instead of the value of the point, as shown in figure 16；Then it to its derivation, obtains second dervative and filters, such as Figure 17 institute
Show, the point which is 0 represents slope as constant, as each point on straightway, since the modes such as round and smooth processing may
Certain error is caused, so rejecting the first two and most latter two point on the straight line, carries out least square with other intermediate points
Method fitting, calculates the slope of the active line；Finally successively calculate the slope and the slope fitted on working face at each point
Relative mistake, the point lower than given threshold thinks on this line that thus the active line to find a job on face, and determination is gone to work
Make the terminus of line, and then calculate active line midpoint, as shown in Figures 18 and 19.
8) midpoint line center translation is pressed, the vertical tree type blade root contour line that measurement data is formed is rotated by a certain angle,
It is that the vertical tree type blade root contour line for forming measurement data has rotated 5 ° counterclockwise, and figure is moved to original in the present embodiment
Near point, on the basis of the midpoint of the left and right active line midpoint line of measurement data and gross data, measurement data is moved to
Near gross data, as shown in figure 20.
9) it tilts symmetrical principle according to two sides working face to rotate around center, according to above-mentioned calculated theoretical and measurement number
According to the slope of active line can calculate its inclination angle, calculate and rotate according to the principle that error angle bilateral symmetry is divided equally
Angle, around theoretical work face midpoint line center rotate, as shown in figure 21.
10) each curved place can be capable of processing slightly larger or smaller when due to actual processing, this will lead to active line
Length changes, that is to say, that the midpoint of calculated active line is simultaneously unreliable, still has after above-mentioned translation rotation a small amount of
Deviation needs to carry out smart translation to it.
The length variation of real work line, which influences midpoint, does not influence the slope and intercept of straight line but, and gross data is
Accurately, midpoint is determining, so next according in the slope of measurement working face, intercept and gross data
Point carries out the essence translation of X, Y-direction:
A) translation of X essence is carried out for the offset of rotation center according to the intersection point of two active lines, calculates what measure data fitting went out
The intersection point of left and right active line is compared with the center of the line at gross data active line midpoint, judge it is to the left or to the right, and
Offset is calculated with X-coordinate, as shown in figure 22.
B) translation of Y essence is carried out to the two the smallest principles of measurement active line sum of the distance according to theoretical two midpoints, calculates left side
The sum for corresponding to the distance of active line to measurement data with the active line midpoint of right side gross data, by iteration keep it minimum come
To the size of final Y-direction essence translational movement, as shown in figure 23.
11) the vertical tree type leaf that the vertical tree type blade root contour line and gross data formed according to measurement data after essence translation is formed
Root contour line is matched, and realizes that the detection to vertical tree type blade root measures.
In the present embodiment, after the essence translation of X, Y-direction, tolerances marking can be carried out, is formed in measurement data
Each straightway is marked out in the matching figure for the vertical tree type blade root contour line that vertical tree type blade root contour line and gross data are formed
With the worst error of each arc segment, it is necessary first to be identified to straight line and camber line separation, specific method and active line
Point calculating method always it is identical, as shown in figure 24.
Wherein, the circular of tolerance is at every bit: for each mathematical point, finding nearest from it
Measurement point calculates the mathematical point and then calculates the slope at the mathematical point to the vector of the measurement point, and then obtains the theory
The vertical vector of near linear at point just obtains this two vectors dot product theoretical to the throwing of measurement data vector in vertical direction
Then shadow, i.e. profile tolerance at the mathematical point take the tolerances marking of the maximum absolute value of this section to come out, such as Figure 25 institute again
Show.
It is to be noted that the calculation method is accurate on condition that measurement data points and theoretical value strong point will be closeer,
That is at least 10 or so points on an active line, will lead to the slope that least square method fits if points are very little has
Certain deviation, the partial parameters after causing go wrong, but in the case where point is than comparatively dense, what this kind of method matched
As a result very accurate.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (5)
1. vertical tree type blade root automatic Fitting and matched method, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
1) gross data for establishing vertical tree type blade root shape measures vertical tree type blade root using three coordinate detectors and is surveyed
Measure data；
2) gross data and measurement data are read respectively, form the wheel under vertical tree type blade root theory state and under actual measurement state
Exterior feature figure；
3) find consecutive points, for the every bit in gross data and measurement data all calculate in other all the points from the point away from
From nearest series of points, for the approximated slope being fitted at the point, and corresponding datagram is formed；
4) least square method is fitted every slope, carries out least square method fitting, meter for point of proximity calculated in step 3)
The slope of every bit is calculated, and obtains corresponding slope figure, the jump of maximum to minimum in figure corresponds in datagram
The inflection point of slope infinity everywhere；
5) it calculates every second dervative and filters, ask down and filter again for slope calculated in step 4), obtain corresponding
Second dervative figure, peak value, which corresponds to everywhere in slope figure, in figure is mutated；
6) datagram inflection point is found, by peak value point draws to form data inflection point figure everywhere in step 5), in data inflection point figure
The position of inflection point and the inflection point of datagram are corresponding；
7) job search face and active line and slope midpoint are calculated, it, will for the working face of selection in the case where known inflection point
Point on working face is all found out；
3 fit slopes on this bar line at each point are calculated first, then replace the value of the point to carry out to close on the mean value of several points
Round and smooth processing obtains second dervative and filters then to its derivation, finally successively calculates the slope on working face at each point and is somebody's turn to do
The relative mistake of the slope fitted, the point lower than given threshold is thought on this line, thus the work to find a job on face
Line, and determine the terminus of active line, and then calculate active line midpoint；
8) midpoint line center translation is pressed, the vertical tree type blade root contour line that measurement data is formed is rotated by a certain angle, and will figure
Shape moves near origin, on the basis of the midpoint of the left and right active line midpoint line of measurement data and gross data, will measure
Data move near gross data；
9) it tilts symmetrical principle according to two sides working face to rotate around center, according to above-mentioned calculated theoretical and measurement data
The slope of active line can calculate its inclination angle, calculate the angle that rotate according to the principle that error angle bilateral symmetry is divided equally
Degree is rotated around the center of theoretical work face midpoint line；
10) X is carried out according to the midpoint of the slope of measurement working face, intercept and gross data, the essence of Y-direction translates: a) basis
The intersection point of two active lines carries out the translation of X essence for the offset of rotation center, calculates the left and right active line that measure data fitting goes out
Intersection point, compared with the center of the line at gross data active line midpoint, judge it is to the left or to the right, and with X-coordinate meter
Calculate offset；B) translation of Y essence is carried out to the two the smallest principles of measurement active line sum of the distance according to theoretical two midpoints, calculated left
Side and the active line midpoint of right side gross data correspond to the sum of the distance of active line to measurement data, by iteration keep it minimum come
Obtain the size of final Y-direction essence translational movement；
11) the vertical tree type blade root that the vertical tree type blade root contour line and gross data formed according to measurement data after essence translation is formed is taken turns
Profile is matched, and realizes that the detection to vertical tree type blade root measures.
2. vertical tree type blade root automatic Fitting according to claim 1 and matched method, it is characterised in that: in the step
2) in, judge big small end and spin data, unified first to place the big end of vertical tree type blade root profile diagram upwards, specific rotation side
Method are as follows: judge that the Y coordinate of X-coordinate smallest point in all data is located at the poincare half plane or lower half-plane of image, if be located at
Lower half-plane then rotates 180 degree.
3. vertical tree type blade root automatic Fitting according to claim 2 and matched method, it is characterised in that: in the step
2) in, invalid measurement data is truncated, if measurement when data include big end right angle section, by right angle section corresponding data according to
Ordinate cuts out a part of top.
4. vertical tree type blade root automatic Fitting according to claim 1 and matched method, it is characterised in that: in the step
3) in, for the consecutive points found, the point of proximity transverse and longitudinal coordinate of respective point is respectively present the same of two arrays in a program
In a line, corresponding datagram is formed.
5. vertical tree type blade root automatic Fitting according to claim 1 and matched method, it is characterised in that: passing through X, Y
After the essence translation in direction, tolerances marking is carried out, is formed in the vertical tree type blade root contour line that measurement data is formed with gross data
The worst error of each straightway He each arc segment is marked out in the matching figure of vertical tree type blade root contour line, it is necessary first to
Straight line and camber line separation are identified, specific method is identical as the point calculating method always of active line；
Wherein, the circular of tolerance is at every bit: for each mathematical point, finding the measurement nearest from it
Point calculates the mathematical point and then calculates the slope at the mathematical point to the vector of the measurement point, and then obtains at the mathematical point
This two vectors dot product is just obtained theory and arrives the projection of measurement data vector in vertical direction by the vertical vector of near linear,
Then profile tolerance i.e. at the mathematical point takes the tolerances marking of the maximum absolute value of this section to come out again.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811248194.1A CN109186991B (en) | 2018-10-25 | 2018-10-25 | Method for automatically fitting and matching longitudinal tree type blade root |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811248194.1A CN109186991B (en) | 2018-10-25 | 2018-10-25 | Method for automatically fitting and matching longitudinal tree type blade root |
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| CN109186991B CN109186991B (en) | 2020-07-14 |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN110348286A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-10-18 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of shape of face fitting and matching process based on least square method |
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