CN109182963B - Plasma vacuum coating pretreatment process for surface of cutter - Google Patents
Plasma vacuum coating pretreatment process for surface of cutter Download PDFInfo
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- CN109182963B CN109182963B CN201811244721.1A CN201811244721A CN109182963B CN 109182963 B CN109182963 B CN 109182963B CN 201811244721 A CN201811244721 A CN 201811244721A CN 109182963 B CN109182963 B CN 109182963B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000013556 antirust agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013072 incoming material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RUPBZQFQVRMKDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M Didecyldimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCC RUPBZQFQVRMKDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004670 didecyldimethylammonium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims description 3
- UYSOQAJKNZQRQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-diamino-2-methylbutan-2-ol Chemical compound NC(C(O)(C)C)(C)N UYSOQAJKNZQRQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 7
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- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 7
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000037998 chronic venous disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C14/021—Cleaning or etching treatments
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C14/028—Physical treatment to alter the texture of the substrate surface, e.g. grinding, polishing
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pretreatment process for plasma vacuum coating on the surface of a cutter, which comprises the following steps: white corundum dry spraying, glass bead dry spraying, white corundum wet spraying, main cleaning and drying. The method selects a sand blasting mode of white corundum dry spraying, glass bead dry spraying and white corundum wet spraying, can thoroughly remove residues on the surface of the cutter, rounds the cutting edge of the cutter to a certain extent after burrs are removed, can effectively prolong the service life of the cutter on the premise of ensuring the binding force, and effectively treats the surface of the cutter under the condition of protecting the cutting edge of the cutter of the slotting cutter type, so that the binding force between a film layer and a base body is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vacuum coating, in particular to a pretreatment process for plasma vacuum coating on the surface of a cutter.
Background
After the cutter is subjected to plasma vacuum coating treatment, the surface hardness can be greatly improved, and the service life of the cutter can be prolonged by several times or even ten times compared with that of the cutter without a coating. The method belongs to two links of pretreatment and furnace body coating, which are the most critical in each link of vacuum coating. The pretreatment is improper, macroscopic stains remain on the surface of the cutter, and the macroscopic stains cannot be removed completely by ion cleaning after entering a furnace, so that the film layers with poor binding force or different degrees fall off; the burr of blade does not get rid of totally, and the rete deposit is on the burr surface, and the burr drops in the course of the work and causes the rete to drop, and the defect of department of shelling can expand gradually, finally leads to the whole rete of work area to drop, and the cutter is worn and torn the inefficacy very fast. The working link of the furnace body and the setting of the vacuum coating process are very critical, and the method comprises five steps of heating, ion cleaning, metal etching, coating, cooling and the like.
In the field of plasma vacuum coating, a good surface pretreatment process is a precondition for ensuring that a coated cutter obtains a clean surface so as to obtain high coating bonding force, and is a necessary means for prolonging the service life of the cutter.
At present, the surface pretreatment process of the existing vacuum coating technology at home and abroad has a plurality of defects, such as:
1. the burrs at the edge of the cutter are not removed in place, so that the service process of the cutter fails prematurely;
2. the improper selection of the sand blasting process causes incomplete cleaning or damage to the cutting edge;
3. the unreasonable cleaning process is selected to cause incomplete removal of microscopic stains on the surface of the cutter and poor binding force of the coating.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a tool surface plasma vacuum coating pretreatment process which can effectively treat the tool surface under the condition of protecting a cutting edge and improve the binding force between a film layer and a substrate.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a pretreatment process for plasma vacuum coating on the surface of a cutter comprises the following steps: white corundum dry spraying, glass bead dry spraying, white corundum wet spraying, main cleaning and drying.
Further, in the white corundum dry spraying step, the used white corundum is alumina particles of 200-500 meshes, the working pressure is 0.15-0.4 MPa, the angle between a nozzle and the surface of the cutter is 15-90 degrees, and the distance between the nozzle and the cutter is 50-120 mm.
Further, in the step of dry spraying the glass beads, the particle size of the used glass beads is 100-300 meshes, the working pressure is 0.15-0.3 MPa, the angle between a nozzle and the surface of the cutter is 15-90 degrees, and the distance between the nozzle and the cutter is 180-220 mm.
Further, in the white corundum wet spraying step, the particle size of the used white corundum is 200-500 meshes, the working pressure is 0.15-0.3 MPa, the angle between a nozzle and the surface of the cutter is 90 degrees, and the distance between the nozzle and the cutter is 180-300 mm.
Further, the main cleaning step sequentially comprises ultrasonic alkali solution cleaning tank treatment, ultrasonic deionized water rinsing tank treatment, circulating liquid medicine spraying tank treatment, ultrasonic deionized water rinsing tank treatment, composite function tank treatment, ultrasonic deionized water rinsing tank treatment, antirust agent tank treatment and hot air drying tank treatment.
Further, the processing temperature of the ultrasonic alkali solution cleaning tank is 50-70 ℃, and the medicament components comprise 0.10-0.20% of potassium hydroxide, 0.20-0.40% of ethanolamine, 0.15-0.20% of ethoxylated cocoalkylamine, 0.15-0.20% of didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.02-0.10% of alkylolamide and the balance of solvent.
Further, the treatment temperature of the circulating liquid medicine spraying groove is 50 ℃, and the medicament components comprise 0.10-0.20% of potassium hydroxide, 0.20-0.40% of ethanolamine, 0.15-0.20% of ethoxy coco alkylamine, 0.15-0.20% of didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.02-0.10% of alkylolamide and the balance of solvent.
Further, the treatment temperature of the composite functional tank is 50-60 ℃, and the medicament components comprise 0.25-0.50% of ethoxy coconut oil alkylamine, 0.02-0.10% of ethanolamine, and the balance of solvent.
Furthermore, the processing temperature of the antirust agent tank is 70-80 ℃, the agent components comprise 0.25-0.50% of diamino dimethyl propanol, and the balance of solvent.
Further, if the cutter incoming material is dirty, surface pre-cleaning treatment is firstly carried out before the white corundum dry spraying step, and if the cutter incoming material has an original film layer, plating removal treatment is firstly carried out before the white corundum dry spraying step.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method selects a sand blasting mode of white corundum dry spraying, glass bead dry spraying and white corundum wet spraying, can effectively remove residues on the surface of the cutter, rounds the cutting edge of the cutter to a certain extent after burrs are removed, can effectively prolong the service life of the cutter on the premise of ensuring the binding force, and effectively treats the surface of the cutter under the condition of protecting the cutting edge of the cutter of the slotting cutter type, so that the binding force between a film layer and a base body is improved.
2. The method can remove defective products, and can perform combined treatment of deplating and dry spraying on products with film layers and then film coating, so as to prevent the film layers from cracking and falling off in the processing process due to the excessive thickness of the film layers, and in addition, the removal of the original hard film can facilitate subsequent treatments such as sand blasting, polishing and the like, thereby improving the binding force between the film layers and the matrix.
3. The invention adopts a multi-groove combined cleaning and drying process, uses cleaning agents and antirust agents with different concentrations, combines the temperature and various processes, can thoroughly remove residual sand and macroscopic and microscopic stains on the surface of the cutter, and ensures that the surface of the cutter cannot be secondarily polluted by quickly drying the antirust agent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of a main cleaning step in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the dry spray treatment of the pinion cutter with white corundum.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the surface state of the cutter before and after the dry spraying of glass beads.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
See fig. 1 and 2.
The plasma vacuum coating pretreatment process for the surface of the cutter comprises the following steps:
(1) tool surface pre-cleaning
When materials are supplied, a large amount of oil stains, wax and other pollutants are generally arranged on the surface of the cutter, and the defects can be conveniently observed under a microscope only by pre-cleaning to remove large macroscopic pollutants. The surface pre-cleaning solution is used in the following main cleaning first tank, so that the surface pre-cleaning solution is fully utilized, and the solution used in the surface pre-cleaning is used as hazardous waste for recycling treatment.
(2) Body type microscopy
The pre-cleaned cutter is subjected to clear water passing, dried by a high-pressure air gun and then placed under a stereoscopic microscope for inspection, the inspection items comprise whether the surface has defects of mouth collapse, cracks, burrs, thick and blunt cutting edges and the like, and whether the surface of the cutter has a film layer or not, and the observation is carried out under the condition of amplifying by 7-45 times. And (4) taking reasonable countermeasures for the defective cutter, determining whether to enter the next production process, and entering a deplating procedure for the cutter with the film layer.
(3) Deplating
The deplating is to remove the original film layer on the surface of the cutter, so as to prevent the film layer from cracking and falling off in the processing process caused by the over-thickness of the film layer. After the cutter is subjected to PVD and CVD treatment, the hardness of the surface layer superhard coating can reach HV 2000-4000, the thickness of the superhard coating cannot exceed 5 micrometers in the use process of the cutter, otherwise, the conditions of cracking, falling and the like will occur, and the higher the hardness is, the larger the internal stress of the coating is, and the poorer the toughness is. Therefore, under the premise of good bonding force, the cutter can be prematurely failed due to the fact that the coating is excessively thick. In addition, the original hard film is removed, so that subsequent treatments such as sand blasting, polishing and the like can be facilitated, and the binding force between the film layer and the substrate can be improved. Selecting different deplating solutions according to different types of the film layers, enabling the deplated cutter to pass through a prewashing tank, drying the cutter by using a high-pressure air gun, standing the cutter for waiting for other products to be produced together or directly entering the next production process.
(4) White corundum dry spraying
The aim of the white corundum dry spraying comprises removing oxide scales on the surface of a cutter, jelly which is difficult to remove and removing a film layer which is left after deplating, and a sharp cutting edge needs to be avoided during sand spraying to prevent damage. Referring to the schematic diagram of the dry spraying treatment of the slotting cutter by using white corundum as shown in fig. 3, wherein 1-nozzle, 2-high-speed white corundum sand flow, 3-slotting cutter and 4-rubber pad, it can be seen that, for the slotting cutter type cutter, the cutting edge is protected downwards by using the rubber pad 4, the nozzle 1 is used for treating the back of the cutting edge of the slotting cutter 3, and the high-speed white corundum sand flow 2 can effectively remove the film layer and other pollutants on the surface without damaging the sharpness of the cutting edge.
Preferably, the white corundum is alumina particles of 200-500 meshes, the working pressure is 0.15-0.4 MPa, the angle between a nozzle and the surface of a cutter is 15-90 degrees, the distance between the nozzle and the cutter is 50-120 mm, the white corundum is alumina particles of 200-500 meshes, the working pressure is 0.15-0.4 MPa, the angle between the nozzle and the surface of the cutter is 15-90 degrees, and the distance between the nozzle and the cutter is 50-120 mm. In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that when the conditions are adopted, corresponding substances on the surface of the cutter can be thoroughly removed through multiple times of industrial demonstration.
(5) Glass bead dry spray
The glass bead dry spraying is to remove the burrs at the edge of the high-speed steel cutter, to make the whole surface glossy, and to remove the white corundum particles embedded in the surface of the cutter. Referring to fig. 4, a schematic view of the surface state of the cutter before and after dry spraying of glass beads is shown, wherein 5-the peak generated by the white corundum dry spraying on the surface of the cutter, 6-the embedded white corundum particles, 7-the base body of the cutter, 8-the burr of the cutting edge, and 9-the cutting edge. The comparison shows that after the glass beads are dried and sprayed, the surface of the cutter base body 7 becomes smoother, the peak 5 on the surface is ground flat to become bright, the embedded white corundum particles 6 and the burrs 8 at the cutting edge are removed, and the sharpness of the cutting edge 9 is not damaged.
Preferably, the particle size of the glass beads is 100-300 meshes, the working pressure is 0.15-0.3 MPa, the angle between a nozzle and the surface of a cutter is 15-90 degrees, and the distance between the nozzle and the cutter is 180-220 mm. In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that when the conditions are adopted, corresponding substances on the surface of the cutter can be thoroughly removed through multiple times of industrial demonstration.
(6) Dry spray inspection
The glass bead dry spraying inspection is carried out after the glass bead dry spraying, and the purpose of the dry spraying inspection is to observe whether burrs on the surface of a cutter are thoroughly removed and whether pollutants are completely removed.
(7) White corundum wet spraying
The aim of the wet spraying of the white corundum is mainly to round the cutting edge of the cutter, so that the working state of the cutter is changed from single point-line contact to surface contact, the stressed area is increased, the service life of the cutter can be effectively prolonged, in addition, the wet spraying can remove a local oxide layer after dry spraying, and the workpiece can be protected from secondary oxidation to a certain extent;
the rounding range of the cutting edge is generally controlled to be 15-30 micrometers, and the service life is seriously influenced if the cutting edge is too large or too small;
preferably, the size of the white corundum particles is 200-500 meshes, the working pressure is 0.15-0.3 MPa, the angle between a nozzle and the surface of the cutter is 90 degrees, and the distance between the nozzle and the cutter is 180-300 mm. In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that when the conditions are adopted, corresponding substances on the surface of the cutter can be thoroughly removed through multiple times of industrial demonstration.
(8) Wet spray inspection
The purpose of the wet blasting inspection was to see if the edge rounding was acceptable and to check if surface contaminants remained.
(9) Main cleaning and drying program
The main cleaning sequentially comprises ultrasonic alkali solution cleaning tank treatment, ultrasonic deionized water rinsing tank treatment, circulating liquid medicine spraying tank treatment, ultrasonic deionized water rinsing tank treatment, composite function tank treatment, ultrasonic deionized water rinsing tank treatment, antirust agent tank treatment and hot air drying tank treatment, drying is carried out by adopting an oven, and the drying parameters of the oven are 10-20 minutes and 100-120 ℃. Table 1 shows the main cleaning tank chemical composition, ratio, temperature and function.
Table 1 main cleaning each tank chemical composition, ratio, temperature and function
The first tank is an ultrasonic alkaline solution cleaning tank, the cleaning agent has the best activity at 50-70 ℃, the cleaning time is 3-5 minutes, most of pollutants such as oil, wax, jelly and the like on the surface of the cutter can be removed, and the first tank has a certain antirust function;
the second, fourth and sixth tanks are ultrasonic deionized water rinsing tanks, the temperature is room temperature, the cleaning time is 10-20 seconds, high-purity water and ultrasonic waves are used for removing the residues of the liquid medicine in the previous procedure, and pure water is always supplemented by an overflow port, so that the conductivity is maintained below 10 mu S/cm;
the third tank is a circulating liquid medicine spraying tank, the temperature is 50 ℃, the spraying time is 3-5 minutes, and the actual use effect proves that pollutants on the surface of the cutter can be effectively removed by adopting high-pressure spraying of circulating liquid medicine, the effect is better than that of ultrasonic waves, because the energy per unit area generated by dynamic spraying is larger than that of the ultrasonic waves;
the fifth tank is a composite function tank, the temperature is 50-60 ℃, the cleaning time is 3-5 minutes, the tank is the last tank for removing oil, and the cleaning quality is ensured;
the seventh tank is an antirust agent tank, the temperature is 70-80 ℃, the soaking time is 30-60 seconds, the seventh tank enables the surface of the workpiece to generate a protective film, the antirust effect is achieved, and the antirust agent tank is important for workpieces of steel parts such as high-speed steel and the like. The temperature of the bath is high, the surface temperature of the soaked workpiece rises rapidly, and the paving is well done for the next hot air drying;
the eighth groove is a hot air drying groove, the temperature is 130 ℃, the time is 30-60 seconds, the workpiece passing through the seventh groove is in a high-temperature state, residual water stains on the surface of the cutter are removed by high-temperature high-pressure hot air in the eighth groove, and the workpiece is quickly dried.
The main cleaning aims to quickly remove pollutants on the surface, including various sand residues of sand blasting and pollution caused by various factors, and in addition, the antirust agent can effectively protect the high-speed steel cutter from oxidation.
Example 2
Comparative testing of different pretreatment processes
Table 2 is a comparison of different pretreatment processes, wherein A, B, C, D corresponds to the following four processes:
a: the steps are (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8) and (9);
b: the steps are (1) + (2) + (4) + (5) + (6) + (7) + (8) + (9);
c: the steps are (1) + (2) + (3) + (4) + (7) + (8) + (9);
d: step (1) + (2) + (3) + (4) + (5) + (6) + (9).
TABLE 2 comparison of different pretreatment processes
According to the American ASTM D2200 standard, wherein SSPC SP 1-10 is larger in number and poorer in surface cleanliness, as can be seen from Table 1, B, C, D in the four pretreatment processes can cause the reduction of the surface cleanliness of the cutter, so that the bonding force of a coating and a substrate and the service life of the cutter are greatly influenced, wherein the bonding force test adopts the German VDI3198 standard (HF 1-HF 6), HF1 represents the best bonding force, and HF6 is the worst. From a deburring perspective, wet blasting alone is not effective and requires dry blasting for large burrs. After the wet spraying process is removed, the cutting edge of the cutter is not rounded, so that the stress of the working position is concentrated, and the processing life is obviously shortened.
It should be understood that the examples and embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, and that various modifications or changes in light thereof will be suggested to persons skilled in the art and are to be included within the spirit and purview of this disclosure.
Claims (2)
1. A pretreatment process for plasma vacuum coating on the surface of a cutter is characterized by comprising the following steps: white corundum dry spraying, glass bead dry spraying, white corundum wet spraying, main cleaning and drying;
in the white corundum dry spraying step, the used white corundum is alumina particles with 200-500 meshes, the working pressure is 0.15-0.4 MPa, in the glass bead dry spraying step, the particle size of the used glass beads is 100-300 meshes, the working pressure is 0.15-0.3 MPa, in the white corundum wet spraying step, the particle size of the used white corundum is 200-500 meshes, and the working pressure is 0.15-0.3 MPa;
in the white corundum dry spraying step, the angle between a nozzle and the surface of a cutter is 15-90 degrees, the distance between the nozzle and the cutter is 50-120 mm, in the glass bead dry spraying step, the angle between the nozzle and the surface of the cutter is 15-90 degrees, the distance between the nozzle and the cutter is 180-220 mm, in the white corundum wet spraying step, the angle between the nozzle and the surface of the cutter is 90 degrees, and the distance between the nozzle and the cutter is 180-300 mm;
the main cleaning step sequentially comprises ultrasonic alkali solution cleaning tank treatment, ultrasonic deionized water rinsing tank treatment, circulating liquid medicine spraying tank treatment, ultrasonic deionized water rinsing tank treatment, composite function tank treatment, ultrasonic deionized water rinsing tank treatment, antirust agent tank treatment and hot air drying tank treatment;
the processing temperature of the ultrasonic alkaline solution cleaning tank is 50-70 ℃, and the medicament components comprise 0.10-0.20% of potassium hydroxide, 0.20-0.40% of ethanolamine, 0.15-0.20% of ethoxy coco alkylamine, 0.15-0.20% of didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, 0.02-0.10% of alkylolamide and the balance of solvent;
the treatment temperature of the composite functional tank is 50-60 ℃, and the medicament components comprise 0.25-0.50% of ethoxylated coconut alkylamine, 0.02-0.10% of ethanolamine and the balance of solvent;
the processing temperature of the antirust agent tank is 70-80 ℃, the agent components comprise 0.25-0.50% of diamino dimethyl propanol and the balance of solvent.
2. The pretreatment process for plasma vacuum coating of a tool surface according to claim 1, wherein: if the cutter incoming material is dirty, surface pre-cleaning treatment is firstly carried out before the white corundum dry spraying step, and if the cutter incoming material has an original film layer, deplating treatment is firstly carried out before the white corundum dry spraying step.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811244721.1A CN109182963B (en) | 2018-10-24 | 2018-10-24 | Plasma vacuum coating pretreatment process for surface of cutter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811244721.1A CN109182963B (en) | 2018-10-24 | 2018-10-24 | Plasma vacuum coating pretreatment process for surface of cutter |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109182963A CN109182963A (en) | 2019-01-11 |
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| CN113373453B (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2022-07-26 | 江西江钨硬质合金有限公司 | Cleaning method used before coating of hard alloy numerical control blade |
| CN113334256B (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2022-09-06 | 贵州永红航空机械有限责任公司 | Cleaning method for nickel-based high-temperature alloy before welding |
| CN116945022A (en) * | 2023-09-20 | 2023-10-27 | 托伦斯半导体设备启东有限公司 | Device and method for enhancing binding force of selective nickel plating layer |
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| CN103952664B (en) * | 2014-05-02 | 2016-06-22 | 合肥永信信息产业股份有限公司 | A kind of diamond-like carbon film-coating surface of the work pretreating process |
| CN104313614B (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2017-02-22 | 广州众洁科技有限公司 | Low-foam detergent and preparation method thereof |
| KR102456486B1 (en) * | 2015-05-21 | 2022-10-18 | 발터 악티엔게젤샤프트 | Tool with multi-layer arc pvd coating |
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