CN109180107B - Fiber cement product and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Fiber cement product and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109180107B CN109180107B CN201811196516.2A CN201811196516A CN109180107B CN 109180107 B CN109180107 B CN 109180107B CN 201811196516 A CN201811196516 A CN 201811196516A CN 109180107 B CN109180107 B CN 109180107B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00293—Materials impermeable to liquids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a fiber cement product and a preparation method and application thereof. The fiber cement product comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 to 30 parts of cement, 20 to 30 parts of fly ash, 10 to 15 parts of quartz, 4 to 8 parts of slaked lime, 1 to 2.5 parts of basalt fiber, 4 to 6 parts of paper pulp, 1.5 to 2.5 parts of sepiolite, 5 to 7 parts of wollastonite, 0.5 to 1 part of sodium modified montmorillonite and 4 to 6 parts of zinc oxide. The fiber cement product has the advantages of high apparent density, high compactness and high breaking strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a fiber cement product and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In recent years, the demand for fiber cement products is very large due to the rapid development of the building industry in China. Among them, fiber cement boards are widely used as interior and exterior finishing materials, and particularly, high-density fiber cement boards are gradually and widely used in outdoor curtain wall systems because they can be dry-worked.
At present, the production methods of fiber cement boards include a sheet-making method, a pulp flow method and a mould pressing method. Wherein, the pulp flowing method is suitable for the industrialized production of the fiber cement board, the yield is higher, and the production cost is relatively lower. In the process of producing the fiber cement board by the fluid pulp method, fiber substances are delivered into a pump type pulping machine after being loosened by a forced loosening machine, cement is added, and the materials are fully and uniformly mixed to prepare slurry. The slurry enters a bucket type slurry storage machine and directly enters a slurry flowing box of a slurry flowing plate making machine from a slurry discharging port, and then is uniformly spread to the coarse cotton cloth. Winding the thin material layer subjected to vacuum dehydration on a forming cylinder to form a blank, and automatically pulling the blank when the thickness reaches a specified thickness; after longitudinal cutting and transverse cutting, the plate blanks are formed and stacked by a vacuum forming machine; and curing and demolding to obtain the fiber cement board.
At present, the raw materials used in the process of producing the fiber cement board by the pulp flow method are mainly cement, the mixing amount of the cement is up to 60-80%, the production of the cement needs higher energy consumption and higher production cost, and more pollutants are generated in the production process, so the pollution to the environment is serious. Some studies have been conducted to reduce the amount of cement used by adding industrial waste, and thus to reduce the cost of fiber cement boards, and to achieve recycling of industrial waste. However, the fiber cement board produced by adding industrial waste to replace partial cement has the advantages of smaller apparent density, poorer compactness and obviously reduced breaking strength.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a fiber cement product with high apparent density, good compactness and high breaking strength, and a preparation method and application thereof.
A fiber cement product comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the fly ash is added into the fiber cement product, so that the using amount of cement can be greatly reduced, and the fly ash, quartz, zinc oxide and wollastonite have excellent filling performance and can reduce the drying shrinkage of the fiber cement product by matching; the slaked lime forms gel in the board, and can also reduce drying shrinkage; the quartz can react with calcium hydroxide and slaked lime generated by cement hydration to generate a large amount of porous calcium silicate hydrate gel so as to increase the bending strength and the bending strength of the fiber cement product, and meanwhile, the quartz can improve the bond stress of a fiber substance and a cement base material and obviously improve the fiber reinforcing effect of the fiber cement product; the addition of the sodium modified montmorillonite and the fibrous sepiolite can reduce the floating of fly ash, quartz and the like, increase the binding power of fiber cement products and reduce the layering phenomenon of the fiber cement products; the basalt fiber is used as a natural rock material, has the functions of enhancing and toughening, and obviously improves the bending resistance and the bending resistance of the fiber cement product. The components in the fiber cement product of the embodiment have synergistic effect, so that the apparent density, compactness, breaking strength, impact resistance and water resistance of the fiber cement product can be improved, meanwhile, the consumption of cement can be greatly reduced by adding the fly ash, and high recycling of industrial wastes is realized. Tests prove that the fiber cement product meets the requirements of JG/T396-2012 product industry standard on high-density fiber cement products, the strength reaches the index of a III-grade plate, and the highest mixing amount of the fly ash can replace 50% of the mixing amount of cement.
In one embodiment, the fly ash is a primary or secondary fly ash.
In one embodiment, the silica content of the quartz is greater than or equal to 95% by mass; and/or the presence of a catalyst in the reaction mixture,
the particle size of the quartz is 160-200 meshes.
In one embodiment, the white content of the slaked lime is greater than or equal to 90%.
In one embodiment, the length of the basalt fiber is 5 mm-12 mm, and the diameter of the basalt fiber is 0.015 mm-0.02 mm.
In one embodiment, the sepiolite is fibrous sepiolite; and/or the presence of a catalyst in the reaction mixture,
the wollastonite is fibrous, and the fiber length of the wollastonite is greater than or equal to 2 mm.
In one embodiment, the particle size of the sodium modified montmorillonite is 800-1200 meshes.
In one embodiment, the particle size of the zinc oxide is 800-1200 meshes.
Use of a fibre cement product according to any one of the preceding embodiments in the manufacture of a building curtain wall.
A method of making a fibre-cement product according to any preceding embodiment, comprising the steps of:
mixing and pulping the paper pulp, the sepiolite, the slaked lime, the quartz, the wollastonite, the sodium modified montmorillonite, the fly ash, the zinc oxide, the basalt fiber and the cement to obtain slurry; and
and sequentially molding, drying and maintaining the slurry to obtain the fiber cement product.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more fully understood, reference will now be made to the following description. The following is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
The fiber cement product of an embodiment comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the fly ash is added into the fiber cement product, so that the using amount of cement can be greatly reduced, and the fly ash, quartz, zinc oxide and wollastonite have excellent filling performance and can reduce the drying shrinkage of the fiber cement product by matching; the slaked lime forms gel in the board, and can also reduce drying shrinkage; the quartz can react with calcium hydroxide and slaked lime generated by cement hydration to generate a large amount of porous calcium silicate hydrate gel so as to increase the bending strength and the bending strength of the fiber cement product, and meanwhile, the quartz can improve the bond stress of a fiber substance and a cement base material and obviously improve the fiber reinforcing effect of the fiber cement product; the addition of the sodium modified montmorillonite and the fibrous sepiolite can reduce the floating of fly ash, quartz and the like, increase the binding power of fiber cement products and reduce the layering phenomenon of the fiber cement products; the basalt fiber is used as a natural rock material, has the functions of enhancing and toughening, and obviously improves the bending resistance and the bending resistance of the fiber cement product. The components in the fiber cement product of the embodiment have synergistic effect, so that the apparent density, compactness, breaking strength, impact resistance and water resistance of the fiber cement product can be improved, meanwhile, the consumption of cement can be greatly reduced by adding the fly ash, and high recycling of industrial wastes is realized. Tests prove that the fiber cement product meets the requirements of JG/T396-2012 product industry standard on high-density fiber cement products, the strength reaches the index of a III-grade plate, and the highest mixing amount of the fly ash can replace 50% of the mixing amount of cement.
The cement is a powdery hydraulic inorganic cementing material. The cement is added with water and stirred to form slurry which can be hardened in the air or better hardened in water and can firmly bond sand, stone and other materials together.
In one embodiment, the cement is selected from at least one of portland cement, pozzolanic portland cement, and portland slag cement. Alternatively, the cement is 42.5#Ordinary portland cement.
In one embodiment, the raw material of the fiber cement product comprises 24 to 26 parts by weight of cement. In some of these embodiments, the raw material of the fiber cement article comprises 20 parts, 22 parts, 24 parts, 26 parts, 28 parts, or 30 parts of cement, by weight.
The fly ash is fine ash collected from flue gas generated after coal combustion, is main solid waste discharged from a coal-fired power plant, and belongs to industrial waste. The fly ash contains a large amount of oxides, including SiO2、Al2O3、FeO、Fe2O3、CaO、TiO2And the like. The fly ash has excellent filling performance, and the fly ash is added into a fiber cement product, so that the using amount of cement can be greatly reduced, the recycling of industrial wastes is realized, and the production cost of the fiber cement product is reduced; meanwhile, the fly ash can reduce the drying shrinkage of the fiber cement product.
In one embodiment, the fly ash is a primary or secondary fly ash. Wherein, the fly ash is divided into first-grade fly ash or second-grade fly ash according to the GB/T1596-2017 standard.
In one embodiment, the raw material of the fiber cement product comprises 24 to 26 parts by weight of fly ash. In some of these embodiments, the raw material of the fiber cement article comprises, in parts by weight, 20 parts, 22 parts, 24 parts, 26 parts, 28 parts, or 30 parts of fly ash.
The quartz has high volcanic ash activity, belongs to a cementing material, and contains a large amount of silicon dioxide and a small amount of Al2O3With Fe3O4And the like. The quartz powder can react with calcium hydroxide generated by cement hydration to generate a large amount of porous calcium silicate hydrate gel so as to compensate the loss of flexural strength of the fiber cement product caused by the doping of a large amount of fly ash. Meanwhile, the quartz can improve the fiber content in the raw materialThe bond strength of the fibrous substance and the cement improves the fiber reinforcement effect of the fiber cement product. The quartz also has excellent filling performance and can remarkably reduce the drying shrinkage of the fiber cement product.
In one embodiment, the silica content of the quartz is greater than or equal to 95% by mass.
In one embodiment, the quartz has a particle size of 160 mesh to 200 mesh. Here, the particle size of quartz is 160 mesh or larger and 200 mesh or smaller, and the same shall apply hereinafter. In one embodiment, the quartz has a particle size of 160 mesh to 180 mesh. In one embodiment, the quartz has a particle size of 180 mesh to 200 mesh.
In one embodiment, the raw material of the fiber cement product comprises 12 to 14 parts by weight of quartz. In some of these embodiments, the fiber cement article comprises 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, or 15 parts by weight of quartz.
Slaked lime is a white powdery solid. The slaked lime can react with quartz to form porous calcium silicate hydrogel to enhance the flexural strength and impact resistance of the fiber cement product. Meanwhile, the addition of the slaked lime can also reduce the drying shrinkage of the fiber cement product.
In one embodiment, the whiteness of the slaked lime is greater than or equal to 90%.
In one embodiment, the raw material of the fiber cement product comprises 5 to 7 parts by weight of slaked lime. In some of these embodiments, the fiber cement product raw material comprises, in parts by weight, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, or 8 parts of slaked lime.
The basalt fiber is a novel inorganic environment-friendly green high-performance fiber material, and is a continuous fiber which is formed by quickly drawing basalt stone material consisting of oxides such as silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, iron oxide, titanium dioxide and the like through a bushing after the basalt stone material is melted at high temperature. The basalt fiber has high strength, has the functions of enhancing and toughening, has various excellent performances of electrical insulation, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and the like, can increase the toughness, strength and bending resistance of fiber cement products, and achieves higher mechanical properties. Meanwhile, the production process of the basalt fiber produces less waste and causes less pollution to the environment, and the basalt fiber can be directly degraded in the environment after being discarded without any harm.
In one embodiment, the length of the basalt fiber is 5mm to 12mm, and the diameter of the basalt fiber is 0.015mm to 0.02 mm. In one embodiment, the length of the basalt fiber is 6mm to 10mm, and the diameter of the basalt fiber is 0.015mm to 0.018 mm.
In one embodiment, the raw material of the fiber cement product comprises 1.5 to 2 parts by weight of basalt fiber. In some of these embodiments, the raw material of the fiber cement article comprises 1 part, 1.5 parts, 2 parts, or 2.5 parts basalt fiber, by weight.
The paper pulp is a fibrous substance prepared by using plant fibers as raw materials and through a mechanical or chemical processing method. The paper pulp is used as a reinforcing material, and can improve the properties of the fiber cement product such as strength, flexibility, fracture resistance, impact resistance and the like.
In one embodiment, the raw material of the fiber cement product comprises 4.5 to 5.5 parts by weight of paper pulp. In some of these embodiments, the fiber cement article raw material comprises, in parts by weight, 4 parts, 4.5 parts, 5 parts, 5.5 parts, or 6 parts of pulp.
Sepiolite is a mineral and has good adsorption property, rheological property and catalytic property.
In one embodiment, the sepiolite is fibrous sepiolite. The fibrous sepiolite is rich in magnesium element, has a long fibrous crystal structure, and can enhance the toughness and bending resistance of a fiber cement product; meanwhile, the fibrous sepiolite has a higher specific surface area, can quickly absorb water, dissolve and thicken, and can quickly improve the suspension property and the thermal stability of a system in the manufacturing process of a fiber cement product. The sepiolite is not limited to fibrous sepiolite, and may be other sepiolite such as clay sepiolite. The clay-like sepiolite is rich in aluminum element, the microstructure of the clay-like sepiolite is fibrous, and the toughness and the bending resistance of the fiber cement product can be enhanced to a certain degree.
In one embodiment, the raw material of the fiber cement product comprises 1.75 to 2.25 parts by weight of sepiolite. In some of these examples, the raw material of the fiber cement product comprises 1.5 parts, 1.75 parts, 2 parts, 2.25 parts, or 2.5 parts sepiolite, by weight.
Wollastonite belongs to single-chain silicate minerals, has excellent filling performance, and can remarkably reduce the drying shrinkage of fiber cement products; meanwhile, the usage amount of the fly ash can be greatly increased by proper wollastonite, so that the industrial waste is utilized to a great extent.
In one embodiment, the wollastonite is needle-like. Further, wollastonite is of a primary needle-like fiber structure or a secondary needle-like fiber structure. The wollastonite is classified according to JC/T535-2007 standard.
In one embodiment, the length-diameter ratio of the wollastonite is 8: 1-10: 1. Further, the length of the wollastonite is 2mm to 3 mm. The wollastonite here is needle-like fibrous wollastonite.
In one embodiment, the raw materials of the fiber cement product comprise 5.5 to 6.5 parts by weight of wollastonite. In some of these examples, the raw materials for the fiber cement product include 5 parts, 5.5 parts, 6 parts, 6.5 parts, or 7 parts wollastonite, by weight.
In one embodiment, the mass ratio of the wollastonite to the fly ash in the raw materials of the fiber cement product is 1: 5-1: 3. The mass ratio of the two types of the fly ash is set within the range, so that the addition amount of the fly ash can be further improved, and the mechanical property of the fiber cement product can be ensured. Furthermore, in the raw materials of the fiber cement product, the mass ratio of wollastonite to fly ash is 1: 4-1: 3.
The sodium modified montmorillonite is prepared by adding sodium carbonate into calcium bentonite and modifying with sodium. The sodium modified montmorillonite has good dissolving and dispersing ability in water, can increase the viscosity of slurry of a fiber cement product in the manufacturing process, reduce the floating of powdery substances such as fly ash and the like, improve the bonding force of the slurry, and reduce the layering of the fiber cement product in the blank manufacturing process. The sodium modified montmorillonite can absorb water rapidly, and improve thixotropy, thermal stability and adhesive property of slurry of fiber cement product in the preparation process.
In one embodiment, the particle size of the sodium modified montmorillonite is 800-1200 meshes. Note that the sodium modified montmorillonite herein has a particle size of 800 mesh or more and 1200 mesh or less, and the same shall apply hereinafter. In one embodiment, the particle size of the sodium modified montmorillonite is 800-1000 meshes. In one embodiment, the particle size of the sodium modified montmorillonite is 1000-1200 mesh.
In one embodiment, the raw material of the fiber cement product comprises 0.7 to 0.9 parts by weight of sodium modified montmorillonite. In some of the examples, the raw material of the fiber cement product comprises 0.5 parts, 0.6 parts, 0.7 parts, 0.8 parts, 0.9 parts, or 1 part of the sodium modified montmorillonite by weight parts.
Zinc oxide is an oxide of zinc, has excellent filling performance, and is often applied to adhesives or gap-filling materials.
In one embodiment, the zinc oxide is in powder form. The powdery zinc oxide has good filling performance and can obviously reduce the drying shrinkage of fiber cement products.
In one embodiment, the zinc oxide has a particle size of 800 mesh to 1200 mesh. Here, zinc oxide having a particle size of 800 mesh or more and 1200 mesh or less is used, and the meaning is as follows. In one embodiment, the zinc oxide has a particle size of 800 mesh to 1000 mesh. In one embodiment, the zinc oxide has a particle size of 1000 mesh to 1200 mesh.
In one embodiment, the raw material of the fiber cement product comprises 4.5 to 5.5 parts by weight of zinc oxide. In some of these embodiments, the fiber cement article raw material comprises, in parts by weight, 4 parts, 4.5 parts, 5 parts, 5.5 parts, or 6 parts of zinc oxide.
In one embodiment, the raw materials of the fiber cement product comprise, by weight, 25 to 30 parts of cement, 25 to 30 parts of fly ash, 12 to 14 parts of quartz, 5 to 7 parts of slaked lime, 1.5 to 2 parts of basalt fiber, 4.5 to 5.5 parts of paper pulp, 1.75 to 2.25 parts of fibrous sepiolite, 5.5 to 6.5 parts of wollastonite, 0.7 to 0.9 part of sodium modified montmorillonite and 4.5 to 5.5 parts of zinc oxide.
In one embodiment, the fiber cement article is a fiber cement board. Further, the fiber cement product is a high density fiber cement board.
The fiber cement article of an embodiment has at least the following advantages:
(1) the fiber cement product has the beneficial effects that the components in the fiber cement product have synergistic effects, so that the apparent density, compactness, breaking strength, impact resistance and waterproofness of the fiber cement product can be improved, meanwhile, the consumption of cement can be greatly reduced by adding the fly ash, the high-recycling utilization of industrial wastes is achieved, other raw materials are easily obtained, the production cost of the fiber cement product is low, the mechanical property is excellent, and the fiber cement product can be applied to the manufacturing of building curtain walls. Tests prove that the fiber cement product meets the requirements of JG/T396-2012 standard on high-density fiber cement products, the strength reaches the index of III-grade plates, and the highest doping amount of the fly ash can replace 50% of the cement doping amount.
(2) In the fiber cement product, the fly ash, the quartz, the zinc oxide powder and the wollastonite have excellent filling performance, and the substances with different particle diameters are matched with each other, so that the drying shrinkage of the fiber cement product can be remarkably reduced.
A method for producing a fiber cement product according to an embodiment includes steps S110 to S120 of:
s110, mixing paper pulp, sepiolite, slaked lime, quartz, wollastonite, sodium modified montmorillonite, fly ash, zinc oxide, basalt fiber and cement, and pulping to obtain slurry.
In one embodiment, the steps of mixing and pulping paper pulp, sepiolite, slaked lime, quartz, wollastonite, sodium modified montmorillonite, fly ash, zinc oxide, basalt fiber and cement to obtain slurry specifically comprise: adding paper pulp, sepiolite, slaked lime, quartz, wollastonite, sodium modified montmorillonite, fly ash, zinc oxide, basalt fiber, cement and water into a pulping machine, and stirring to obtain slurry.
In one embodiment, before S110, the method further comprises a step of separately performing a loosening step on the pulp and the sepiolite in a loosening machine. Further, the loosening time is 20 min-30 min. Further, adding the loosened paper pulp and the loosened sepiolite into a pulping machine, adding slaked lime, quartz, wollastonite, sodium modified montmorillonite, fly ash, zinc oxide and basalt fiber, finally adding cement and water, and stirring to obtain slurry. The addition of the paper pulp, the sepiolite and the slaked lime ensures that a slurry system has certain viscosity and fluidity, improves the viscosity and stability of a mixed slurry system of quartz, wollastonite, sodium modified montmorillonite, fly ash, zinc oxide and the like so as to ensure that basalt fiber can be rapidly and uniformly dispersed after being added, and finally cement and water are added to rapidly react to obtain the molding slurry.
In one embodiment, the stirring time is 15-20 min, and the solid content in the slurry is 15-20% by mass.
And S120, sequentially molding, drying and maintaining the slurry to obtain the fiber cement product.
In one embodiment, the forming is by headbox forming. Through adopting the head stock forming, can improve production efficiency. The molding method is not limited to the above-mentioned method, and other molding methods may be used, for example: a copying and forming process.
In one embodiment, the drying is performed by vacuum dehydration.
In one embodiment, the curing is autoclave curing. Under autoclave curing, the structure of the glass network of the fly ash is more easily destroyed, activity A12O3And SiO2Is easier to dissolve out, and accelerates the transfer of mineral structure and the formation of hydration products. Wherein the steam curing pressure is 1.0MPa to 1.2MPa, and the temperature is 90 ℃ to 100 ℃. Steaming processThe method comprises the steps of heating and boosting pressure for 3-4 h, keeping constant temperature and pressure for 10-12 h, and cooling for 3-4 h, so that cracking and layering of the plate due to the change of pressure and temperature over-speed are prevented.
The preparation method of the fiber cement product of the embodiment has the advantages of simple process, lower production cost and higher yield, can produce the fiber cement product with excellent mechanical property, and is suitable for industrial production.
The following are specific examples.
In the following examples, parts are by weight unless otherwise specified; the concentration of the slurry is the mass percentage content of the solid in the slurry; the thickness of the fiber cement plate is 10mm, the width thereof is 1220mm, and the length thereof is 2440 mm; the parts by weight of the raw materials of the fiber cement board are detailed in table 1.
Example 1
The fiber cement board of this example was prepared as follows:
(1) weighing paper pulp and sepiolite, respectively loosening in a loosening machine for 30min, placing the loosened paper pulp and the loosened sepiolite in a pulping machine, adding slaked lime, quartz, wollastonite, sodium modified montmorillonite, fly ash, zinc oxide and basalt fiber, finally adding cement and water, and stirring for 15min to obtain slurry, wherein the fly ash is first-grade fly ash; the particle size of the quartz is 160-170 meshes, and the mass percentage of silicon dioxide in the quartz is 95%; the whiteness of the slaked lime is 90 percent; the length of the basalt fiber is 5 mm-8 mm, and the diameter of the basalt fiber is 0.015 mm-0.02 mm; the wollastonite is of a primary needle-like fiber structure, the fiber length is 2 mm-3 mm, and the length-diameter ratio of the wollastonite is 8: 1; the particle size of the sodium modified montmorillonite is 800 meshes to 1000 meshes; the sepiolite is fibrous sepiolite; the grain size of the zinc oxide is 800 meshes-1000 meshes; the cement is 42.5# Portland cement.
(2) And (3) sequentially carrying out pulp flowing forming, vacuum dewatering and autoclaved curing on the slurry to obtain the fiber cement board.
Example 2
The fiber cement board of this example was prepared as follows:
(1) weighing paper pulp and sepiolite, respectively loosening in a loosening machine for 30min, placing the loosened paper pulp and the loosened sepiolite in a pulping machine, adding slaked lime, quartz, wollastonite, sodium modified montmorillonite, fly ash, zinc oxide and basalt fiber, finally adding cement and water, and stirring for 20min to obtain slurry, wherein the fly ash is secondary fly ash; the particle size of the quartz is 170-180 meshes, and the mass percentage of silicon dioxide in the quartz is 96%; the whiteness of the slaked lime is 94 percent; the length of the basalt fiber is 10 mm-12 mm, and the diameter of the basalt fiber is 0.015 mm-0.02 mm; the wollastonite is of a primary needle-like fiber structure, the fiber length is 2 mm-3 mm, and the length-diameter ratio of the wollastonite is 8: 1; the particle size of the sodium modified montmorillonite is 1000-1200 meshes; the sepiolite is fibrous sepiolite; the grain size of the zinc oxide is 1000-1200 meshes; the cement is 42.5# Portland cement.
(2) And (3) sequentially carrying out pulp flowing forming, vacuum dewatering and autoclaved curing on the slurry to obtain the fiber cement board.
Example 3
The fiber cement board of this example was prepared as follows:
(1) weighing paper pulp and sepiolite, respectively loosening in a loosening machine for 25min, placing the loosened paper pulp and the loosened sepiolite in a pulping machine, adding slaked lime, quartz, wollastonite, sodium modified montmorillonite, fly ash, zinc oxide and basalt fiber, finally adding cement and water, and stirring for 20min to obtain slurry, wherein the fly ash is first-grade fly ash; the particle size of the quartz is 160-180 meshes, and the mass percentage of silicon dioxide in the quartz is 97%; the whiteness of the slaked lime is 95 percent; the length of the basalt fiber is 8 mm-10 mm, and the diameter of the basalt fiber is 0.015 mm-0.02 mm; the wollastonite is of a secondary needle-like fiber structure, the fiber length is 2 mm-3 mm, and the length-diameter ratio of the wollastonite is 8: 1; the particle size of the sodium modified montmorillonite is 800 meshes to 1000 meshes; the sepiolite is fibrous sepiolite; the grain size of the zinc oxide is 800 meshes-1000 meshes; the cement is 42.5# Portland cement.
(2) And (3) sequentially carrying out pulp flowing forming, vacuum dewatering and autoclaved curing on the slurry to obtain the fiber cement board.
Example 4
The fiber cement board of this example was prepared as follows:
(1) weighing paper pulp and sepiolite, respectively loosening in a loosening machine for 30min, placing the loosened paper pulp and the loosened sepiolite in a pulping machine, adding slaked lime, quartz, wollastonite, sodium modified montmorillonite, fly ash, zinc oxide and basalt fiber, finally adding cement and water, and stirring for 15min to obtain slurry, wherein the fly ash is first-grade fly ash; the particle size of the quartz is 180-200 meshes, and the mass percentage of silicon dioxide in the quartz is 98%; the whiteness of the slaked lime is 100 percent; the length of the basalt fiber is 5 mm-8 mm, and the diameter of the basalt fiber is 0.015 mm-0.02 mm; the wollastonite is of a primary needle-like fiber structure, the fiber length is 2 mm-3 mm, and the length-diameter ratio of the wollastonite is 10: 1; the particle size of the sodium modified montmorillonite is 1000-1200 meshes; the sepiolite is fibrous sepiolite; the grain size of the zinc oxide is 800 meshes-1000 meshes; the cement is 42.5# Portland cement.
(2) And (3) sequentially carrying out pulp flowing forming, vacuum dewatering and autoclaved curing on the slurry to obtain the fiber cement board.
Example 5
The fiber cement board of this example was prepared as follows:
(1) weighing paper pulp and sepiolite, respectively loosening in a loosening machine for 30min, placing the loosened paper pulp and the loosened sepiolite in a pulping machine, adding slaked lime, quartz, wollastonite, sodium modified montmorillonite, fly ash, zinc oxide and basalt fiber, finally adding cement and water, and stirring for 20min to obtain slurry, wherein the fly ash is first-grade fly ash; the particle size of the quartz is 180-200 meshes, and the mass percentage of silicon dioxide in the quartz is 96%; the whiteness of the slaked lime is 97 percent; the length of the basalt fiber is 5 mm-8 mm, and the diameter of the basalt fiber is 0.015 mm-0.02 mm; the wollastonite is of a primary needle-like fiber structure, the fiber length is 2 mm-3 mm, and the length-diameter ratio of the wollastonite is 9: 1; the particle size of the sodium modified montmorillonite is 800 meshes to 1000 meshes; the sepiolite is fibrous sepiolite; the grain size of the zinc oxide is 1000-1200 meshes; the cement is 32.5# Portland cement.
(2) And (3) sequentially carrying out pulp flowing forming, vacuum dewatering and autoclaved curing on the slurry to obtain the fiber cement board.
Example 6
The fiber cement board of this example was prepared as follows:
(1) weighing paper pulp and sepiolite, respectively loosening in a loosening machine for 25min, placing the loosened paper pulp and the loosened sepiolite in a pulping machine, adding slaked lime, quartz, wollastonite, sodium modified montmorillonite, fly ash, zinc oxide and basalt fiber, finally adding cement and water, and stirring for 20min to obtain slurry, wherein the fly ash is first-grade fly ash; the particle size of the quartz is 170-180 meshes, and the mass percentage of silicon dioxide in the quartz is 98%; the whiteness of the slaked lime is 95 percent; the length of the basalt fiber is 9 mm-10 mm, and the diameter of the basalt fiber is 0.015 mm-0.017 mm; the wollastonite is of a primary needle-like fiber structure, the fiber length is 2 mm-3 mm, and the length-diameter ratio of the wollastonite is 9: 1; the particle size of the sodium modified montmorillonite is 800 meshes to 1000 meshes; the sepiolite is fibrous sepiolite; the grain size of the zinc oxide is 800 meshes-1000 meshes; the cement is 42.5# Portland cement.
(2) And (3) sequentially carrying out pulp flowing forming, vacuum dewatering and autoclaved curing on the slurry to obtain the fiber cement board.
Example 7
The fiber cement board of this example was prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 1, except that: the sepiolite in this embodiment is clay-like sepiolite.
Example 8
The manufacturing process of the fiber cement board of this example is substantially the same as that of example 2, except that the fly ash is not included in this example, and the weight part of the cement is 55 parts.
Example 9
The fiber cement board of this example was produced in substantially the same manner as in example 3, except that the wollastonite was used in an amount of 3 parts by weight.
Example 10
The process for producing the fiber cement board of this example was substantially the same as that of example 5, except that the wollastonite was used in an amount of 10 parts by weight.
Example 11
The manufacturing process of the fiber cement board of the embodiment is substantially the same as that of the embodiment 3, except that wollastonite is wollastonite powder, and the weight part of the wollastonite powder is 5 parts.
TABLE 1 parts by weight of the respective raw materials of the fiber cement boards in examples 1 to 11
And (3) testing:
the fiber cement boards of examples 1-11 were subjected to physicochemical property detection according to the test method adopted in JG/T396-2012 non-load-bearing fiber reinforced cement board for exterior walls, and the detection results are shown in table 2. Table 2 shows the physicochemical properties of the fiber cement boards of examples 1 to 11. The judgment standard of the combustion performance is whether the standard meets the GB8624A grade standard.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from Table 2, the fly ash content of the fiber cement boards of examples 1-6 is high, and can reach 50% at most; the components have synergistic effect, so that the fiber cement board has high apparent density, high saturated breaking strength, high impact resistance, excellent mechanical property, less water absorption deformation and high water impermeability, and the combustion performance meets the GB8624A standard. The fiber cement board obtained by the preparation method meets the requirements of JG/T396-2012 product industry standard on high-density fiber cement products, and the strength reaches the index of III-grade boards.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The fiber cement product is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the length of the basalt fiber is 5 mm-12 mm, and the diameter of the basalt fiber is 0.015 mm-0.02 mm; the sepiolite is fibrous sepiolite; the wollastonite is needle-shaped and fibrous, the length-diameter ratio of the wollastonite is 8: 1-10: 1, and the length of the wollastonite is 2 mm-3 mm.
2. The fiber cement article according to claim 1, wherein the fly ash is a primary fly ash or a secondary fly ash.
3. The fiber cement article according to claim 1, wherein the silica content in the quartz is greater than or equal to 95% by mass; and/or the presence of a catalyst in the reaction mixture,
the particle size of the quartz is 160-200 meshes.
4. Fiber cement article according to claim 1, characterized in that the whiteness of the slaked lime is greater than or equal to 90%.
5. Fiber cement product according to claim 1, characterized in that the zinc oxide is in powder form.
6. The fiber cement product of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the wollastonite to the fly ash is 1:5 to 1: 3.
7. The fiber cement product according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the sodium modified montmorillonite is 800 to 1200 mesh.
8. The fiber cement product according to claim 1, wherein the zinc oxide has a particle size of 800 to 1200 mesh.
9. Use of a fibre cement product according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in the manufacture of a curtain wall for a building.
10. A method of making a fibre-cement product according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that it comprises the steps of:
mixing and pulping the paper pulp, the sepiolite, the slaked lime, the quartz, the wollastonite, the sodium modified montmorillonite, the fly ash, the zinc oxide, the basalt fiber and the cement to obtain slurry; and
and sequentially molding, drying and maintaining the slurry to obtain the fiber cement product.
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