CN109179654B - SNAD process quick starting method in up-flow type micro-aerobic membrane bioreactor - Google Patents
SNAD process quick starting method in up-flow type micro-aerobic membrane bioreactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN109179654B CN109179654B CN201811037998.7A CN201811037998A CN109179654B CN 109179654 B CN109179654 B CN 109179654B CN 201811037998 A CN201811037998 A CN 201811037998A CN 109179654 B CN109179654 B CN 109179654B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
- C02F3/307—Nitrification and denitrification treatment characterised by direct conversion of nitrite to molecular nitrogen, e.g. by using the Anammox process
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- C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2209/14—NH3-N
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quick start of an SNAD process in an up-flow type micro-oxygen membrane bioreactorThe dynamic method is characterized in that in an up-flow type micro-aerobic membrane bioreactor, wastewater with a low C/N ratio is used as the quality of inlet water, an operation mode of high sludge concentration of 16.0g/L and low sludge load of 0.064kgCOD/kgSS.d is adopted at the initial starting stage, the ratio of effluent ammonia nitrogen to nitrite nitrogen is controlled within a certain range mainly by adjusting DO, temperature, alkalinity and the like, the nitrogen load and carbon load are increased by shortening the retention mode in time, and the SNAD process is quickly started to realize the coexistence of anaerobic ammonia oxidation particles and floc sludge. The system has the effects of high-efficiency synchronous decarbonization, denitrification and removal of COD and NH4 +The removal rate of the N, TN is 89%, 96% and 86%, the occupied area is small, the operation is simple, and the energy consumption is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a method for quickly starting a shortcut nitrification-denitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation (SNAD for short) process in an upflow type micro-aerobic membrane bioreactor, which can quickly start the shortcut nitrification-denitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation process and is suitable for treating wastewater with a low C/N ratio.
Background
The SNAD process refers to a novel biological denitrification technology with simultaneous occurrence of short-cut nitrification, short-cut denitrification and anaerobic ammonia oxidation, has the characteristics of low energy consumption, small carbon source demand, low sludge yield, small occupied area, high-efficiency decarburization and denitrification and the like, and is suitable for industrial wastewater or municipal sewage with lower C/N. However, because the generation cycle of the anammox bacteria in the SNAD system is long and the requirements on growth conditions such as temperature and alkalinity are strict, how to quickly start the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria is always a difficult problem to be solved urgently at present, and practical application of the SNAD technology in engineering is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a quick start method of an SNAD process in an up-flow type micro-aerobic membrane bioreactor aiming at the problems of long and unstable start cycle of the SNAD process, and the method controls the concentration of dissolved oxygen and NH (ammonia) in outlet water in the culture process4 +-N and NO2 -The method of-N ratio and membrane component for intercepting sludge and the likeRapid start-up of the SNAD process.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a quick start method for an SNAD process in an up-flow type micro-aerobic membrane bioreactor is characterized in that wastewater with a low C/N ratio is used as a water inlet substrate, flocculent activated sludge is used as inoculated sludge, and the start process of the SNAD process is completed within 98 d.
Preferably, the water inlet substrate is C/N (< 2:1), the water inlet COD is < 400mg/L, and NH is4 +The concentration of N is 200mg/L, the pH value range is 7.8-8.0, the temperature range is 30-35 ℃, and the alkalinity concentration range is 1400-1800 mg/L.
Preferably, the concentration of dissolved oxygen is 0.3-0.7mg/L throughout the SNAD start-up.
Preferably, the sludge concentration in the whole process of SNAD starting is controlled to be 16.0g/L-18.6 g/L.
Preferably, an operation mode of high sludge concentration of 16.0g/L and low sludge load of 0.0064kgCOD/kgSS.d is adopted in the initial stage of the starting process.
Preferably, the upflow type micro-aerobic membrane bioreactor continuously feeds water from the bottom, and intermittently drains water through the membrane module and the pump, wherein each drainage time is 12min, and the stoppage time is 3 min.
Preferably, in 1-26d, the inoculated sludge is in a domestication culture stage, and the sludge load is kept at 0.064 kgCOD/kgSS.d; the nitrogen load of the inlet water is 0.8kgNH4 +-N/(m3D) the hydraulic retention time was 6 h.
Preferably, anaerobic ammonium oxidation flora appears in 27-60 days, and the concentration ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrite nitrogen is synchronously removed within the range of 1:1-1: 2.
Preferably, in the 61-98d stage, the concentration of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria is increased, the sludge load is increased to 0.078kgCOD/kgSS.d, the hydraulic retention time is shortened to 5h, and the nitrogen load of inlet water is increased to 0.96kgNH4 +-N/(m3.d)。
Preferably, the anammox particles coexist with floc sludge after the start-up of the SNAD process is complete.
The advantages of the invention are mainly reflected in that:
(1) the operation mode of combining the membrane with the micro-aerobic upflow system is adopted, the wastewater with low C/N ratio is used as a water inlet substrate, the operation conditions of high sludge concentration and low sludge load are adopted in the initial starting stage, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation particles are formed quickly, the starting period of the SNAD system is short, and the coexistence of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation particles and floc sludge is realized.
(2) The cultured SNAD system is stable, COD and NH4 +The removal rates of-N and TN can reach 89%, 96% and 86% respectively; and analysis of the nitrogen removal pathway shows that 38% of the total nitrogen is removed by anammox and 62% of the total nitrogen is removed by denitrification.
(3) Simple process, small occupied area, simple operation, less energy consumption and low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an upflow membrane bioreactor, in which: the method comprises the following steps of 1-a reactor, 2-a water inlet pump, 3-an air pump, 4-a water inlet, 5-an aeration port, 6-a sludge discharge port, 7-an aeration head, 8-a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber membrane, 9-a membrane component, 10-a PLC (programmable logic controller), 11-a vacuum pressure gauge, 12-a water outlet pump and 13-a water bath circulating pump.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the change of sludge morphology at different stages.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following will describe in detail a method for quickly starting the SNAD process in an upflow micro-aerobic membrane bioreactor provided by the present invention with reference to the examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
A quick start method for an SNAD process in an up-flow type micro-aerobic membrane bioreactor is characterized in that wastewater with a low C/N ratio is used as a water inlet substrate, flocculent activated sludge is used as inoculated sludge, and an SNAD start process is completed within 98d, wherein the SNAD start process comprises a sludge inoculation domestication stage, an anaerobic ammonium oxidation flora occurrence stage and an anaerobic ammonium oxidation flora concentration increasing stage, so that synchronous decarbonization and denitrogenation are realized.
During the whole process of SNAD starting, the water inlet substrate C/N (less than 2:1), the water inlet COD (chemical oxygen demand) less than 400mg/L and NH4 +-N concentration 200 mg/L; the pH value range is 7.8-8.0, the temperature range is 30-35 ℃, and the alkalinity concentration range is 1400-1800 mg/L; the concentration of dissolved oxygen is 0.3-0.7 mg/L; the sludge concentration is controlled to be 16.0g/L-18.6 g/L.
The operation mode of high sludge concentration of 16.0g/L and low sludge load of 0.0064kgCOD/kgSS.d is adopted at the initial stage of the starting process.
The upflow type micro-aerobic membrane bioreactor continuously feeds water from the bottom, and intermittently drains water through the membrane module and the pump, wherein the water is drained for 12min every time and stops for 3 min.
In 1-26d, inoculating sludge in a domestication culture stage, and keeping the sludge load at 0.064 kgCOD/kgSS.d; the nitrogen load of the inlet water is 0.8kgNH4 +-N/(m3D) the hydraulic retention time was 6 h.
And in 27-60 days, anaerobic ammonia oxidation flora appears, and the concentration ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrite nitrogen is synchronously removed within the range of 1:1-1: 2.
In the stage of increasing the concentration of anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria at 61-98d, the sludge load is increased to 0.078kgCOD/kgSS.d, the hydraulic retention time is shortened to 5h, and the inlet water nitrogen load is increased to 0.96kgNH4 +-N/(m3.d)。
And after 98d, finishing the starting process of the SNAD process, and allowing anaerobic ammonia oxidation particles and floc sludge to coexist.
Example 1
A quick start method for an SNAD process in an up-flow type micro-aerobic membrane bioreactor mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) activated sludge inoculation and device
As shown in figure 1, the quick start device for the SNAD process of the upflow type micro-aerobic membrane bioreactor is characterized in that the reactor 1 is a cylinder and is provided with an interlayer, the inner diameter is 0.07m, the outer diameter is 0.09m, the height is 1.2m, and the effective volume is 4L. A polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber membrane 8 is arranged in the reactor 1, the aperture of the membrane wire is 0.3 mu m, and the effective membrane area is 0.3m2。
The water inlet pipe communicated with the bottom water inlet 4 of the reactor 1 is connected with the water inlet pump 2, the aeration pipe communicated with the bottom aeration port 5 of the reactor 1 is connected with the air pump 3, the aeration head 7 connected with the aeration port 5 is a cylindrical titanium aeration head with the aperture of 5 microns, and the bottom sludge discharge port 6 of the reactor 1 is used for discharging residual sludge.
The membrane module 9 connected with the hollow fiber membrane 8 is connected with the water outlet pump 12 through a water outlet pipe, and a PLC device 10 for controlling an intermittent water outlet program and a vacuum pressure gauge 11 for monitoring transmembrane pressure difference are arranged between the membrane module 9 and the water outlet pump 12.
The water bath circulating pump 13 is connected with the interlayer of the reactor 1 through a pipeline to control the water bath circulation.
The inlet water of the reactor 1 is fed into the reactor from a water inlet 4 at the bottom of the reactor 1, an air inlet pipe is connected with an aeration head 7 at the bottom of the reactor 1 and is used for aerating the reactor 1 to ensure the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the reactor 1, and the outlet water of the reactor 1 is discharged by a water outlet pipe connected with a water outlet pump 12, a hollow fiber membrane 8 and a membrane module 9.
Ordinary flocculent activated sludge of Beijing municipal treatment plants is used as inoculated sludge, and the initial sludge concentration is 16 g/L. Inoculating the membrane into a membrane bioreactor (figure 1), wherein the reactor is cylindrical, a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) hollow fiber membrane component is arranged in the reactor, a jacket is arranged outside the reactor for heating in water bath, the temperature of the reactor is kept between 30 and 35 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is kept between 0.3 and 0.7mg/L, and the alkalinity is 1400 to 1800 mg/L.
(2) The water inlet mode is as follows:
the low C/N (1-2:1) simulated wastewater is used as a water inlet substrate, and the sewage enters the reactor through a water inlet 4 at the bottom of the reactor, wherein the main composition of the sewage is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
(3) Formation process
The operation mode of high sludge concentration of 16g/L and low sludge load of 0.064kgCOD/kgSS.d is adopted at the initial stage of starting.
Inoculating sludge in the acclimatization culture stage for 1-26d, wherein the sludge load is 0.064 kgCOD/kgSS.d; the nitrogen load of the inlet water is 0.8kgNH4 +-N/(m3D) the hydraulic retention time was 6 h. The ammonia nitrogen and the nitrite nitrogen in the effluent are kept in the stageAt 40-50 mg/L.
And in 27-60 days, anaerobic ammonia oxidation flora appears, the concentration ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrite nitrogen is synchronously removed within the range of 1:1-1:2, the ammonia nitrogen is gradually reduced to 30mg/L, and the removal rate of TN is also improved from 52% to 60%. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation activity is weak, and the macroscopic phenomenon is not obvious.
At 61-98d, the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria concentration is increased to 0.078kgCOD/kgSS.d, and the inlet nitrogen load is increased to 0.96kgNH4 +-N/(m3D), the hydraulic retention time is shortened to 5 h. The ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen concentration are obviously reduced, the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the effluent is reduced to 7mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is stabilized to be more than 96%, and the total nitrogen removal rate is also improved to 86% from 60%. When the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction is further enhanced, the ammonia nitrogen utilization amount by AOB is reduced, the oxygen utilization amount by AOB is correspondingly reduced, the aeration amount is further reduced, the number of anaerobic zones in the system is correspondingly increased, the removal rate of effluent COD is increased from 70% to 89%, and the effluent COD is kept stable.
Macroscopically, rhodobacter granular sludge (see picture 2) was clearly seen, and microscopically, by high throughput sequencing analysis of changes in flora population and abundance, two anammox species were detected as Candidatus Brocadia and Candidatus Jettenia, respectively.
It will be understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments taken to illustrate the principles of the present invention, which is not limited thereto. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A quick start method of an SNAD process in an up-flow type micro-aerobic membrane bioreactor is characterized in that wastewater with a low C/N ratio is used as a water inlet substrate, flocculent activated sludge is used as inoculated sludge, and the start process of the SNAD process is completed within 98d, wherein the start process comprises a sludge inoculation acclimation stage, an anaerobic ammonium oxidation flora occurrence stage and an anaerobic ammonium oxidation flora concentration increasing stage, so that synchronous decarbonization and denitrogenation are realized;
the water inlet substrate C/N (less than 2:1), the water inlet COD (chemical oxygen demand) is less than 400mg/L, and NH4 +The concentration of N is 200mg/L, the pH value range is 7.8-8.0, the temperature range is 30-35 ℃, and the alkalinity concentration range is 1400-1800 mg/L;
the dissolved oxygen concentration in the whole process of SNAD starting is 0.3-0.7 mg/L;
the sludge concentration is controlled to be 16.0g/L-18.6g/L in the whole process of SNAD starting;
an operation mode of high sludge concentration of 16.0g/L and low sludge load of 0.064kgCOD/kgSS.d is adopted at the initial stage of the starting process;
continuously feeding water from the bottom of the upflow type micro-aerobic membrane bioreactor, and intermittently discharging water through a membrane module and a pump, wherein each time the water is discharged for 12min, the water is stopped for 3 min;
in 1-26d, inoculating sludge in a domestication culture stage, and keeping the sludge load at 0.064 kgCOD/kgSS.d; the nitrogen load of the feed water was 0.8kg NH4 +-N/(m3D) the hydraulic retention time is 6 h;
in 27-60 days, anaerobic ammonium oxidation flora appears, and the concentration ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrite nitrogen is synchronously removed within the range of 1:1-1: 2;
in the stage of increasing the concentration of anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria at 61-98d, the sludge load is increased to 0.078kgCOD/kgSS.d, the hydraulic retention time is shortened to 5h, and the inlet water nitrogen load is increased to 0.96kgNH4 +-N/(m3.d)。
2. The method for rapidly starting the SNAD process in the upflow type micro-aerobic membrane bioreactor (SNAD) according to claim 1, wherein anaerobic ammonia oxidation particles and floc sludge coexist after the start of the SNAD process is completed.
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| CN103482765A (en) * | 2013-09-22 | 2014-01-01 | 北京工业大学 | Quick starting method for technology for simultaneous denitrification and COD removal under condition of normal-temperature and low-C/N sewage |
| CN105236573A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-01-13 | 北京工业大学 | Fast cultivation method for SNAD biological film of urban sewage |
| CN105753155A (en) * | 2016-03-20 | 2016-07-13 | 北京工业大学 | Optimized denitrification method adopting SNAD (simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification) bio-membrane technology for municipal wastewater |
| CN107364956A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-11-21 | 北京化工大学 | The method and batch-type reaction unit of a kind of rapidly cultivating aerobic particle sludge |
| CN107445297A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-12-08 | 成都信息工程大学 | A kind of startup method for handling pig farm biogas slurry SNAD techniques |
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| US9522833B2 (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2016-12-20 | Manuel Alvarez-Cuenca | Simultaneous treatment of ammonia and phosphorus in a vertical reactor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103482765A (en) * | 2013-09-22 | 2014-01-01 | 北京工业大学 | Quick starting method for technology for simultaneous denitrification and COD removal under condition of normal-temperature and low-C/N sewage |
| CN105236573A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-01-13 | 北京工业大学 | Fast cultivation method for SNAD biological film of urban sewage |
| CN105753155A (en) * | 2016-03-20 | 2016-07-13 | 北京工业大学 | Optimized denitrification method adopting SNAD (simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification) bio-membrane technology for municipal wastewater |
| CN107364956A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-11-21 | 北京化工大学 | The method and batch-type reaction unit of a kind of rapidly cultivating aerobic particle sludge |
| CN107445297A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-12-08 | 成都信息工程大学 | A kind of startup method for handling pig farm biogas slurry SNAD techniques |
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