CN109179433B - Method for purifying and whitening potassium feldspar - Google Patents

Method for purifying and whitening potassium feldspar Download PDF

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CN109179433B
CN109179433B CN201811012007.XA CN201811012007A CN109179433B CN 109179433 B CN109179433 B CN 109179433B CN 201811012007 A CN201811012007 A CN 201811012007A CN 109179433 B CN109179433 B CN 109179433B
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potassium feldspar
ore
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leaching residue
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邓培有
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Hezhou Chun Xin Mineral Products Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B33/00Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B33/20Silicates
    • C01B33/26Aluminium-containing silicates, i.e. silico-aluminates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03BSEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B7/00Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral separation, and particularly discloses a method for purifying and whitening potassium feldspar, which comprises the following specific steps: s1, desliming potassium feldspar: digging out low-grade potassium feldspar crude ore, washing with clean water to remove sludge in the crude ore, and S2, removing oil; s3, decomposing; s4, removing impurities by magnetic separation; s5, flotation; s6, removing impurities; s7, and preparing high-purity potassium feldspar. The treatment method can purify the main effective components of the potassium feldspar and effectively remove impurities affecting the color of the potassium feldspar.

Description

Method for purifying and whitening potassium feldspar
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral separation, and particularly relates to a method for purifying and whitening potassium feldspar.
Background
The potash feldspar is a natural mineral containing K2O, Al2O3, SiO2 and Fe2O3 and other impurities, and has a molecular formula of K2O. Al2O 3. 6SiO 2. The potassium feldspar is the main raw material for manufacturing porcelain glaze in the ceramic industry; is one kind of glass mixture. The method can increase the viscosity and chemical stability of the enamel, can be used for manufacturing enamel raw materials and can also be used as an insulating electric porcelain material, but some dark minerals are often associated in the potash feldspar mineral and some pigment ions are adsorbed on the surfaces of potash feldspar particles, so that the whiteness of the raw mineral and the product is influenced, the quality of the product is reduced, the application range of the product is limited, and the method becomes a main obstacle for adjusting the product structure and expanding the market in the potash feldspar processing industry. The main reason for causing the color of the potassium feldspar is that the potassium feldspar contains color-causing impurity ions such as iron, titanium and the like. Therefore, the research of removing the coloring ions and improving the whiteness of the glass has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the method for purifying and whitening the potassium feldspar is provided, the main effective components of the potassium feldspar can be purified through the treatment method, and impurities affecting the color of the potassium feldspar can be effectively removed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for purifying and whitening potassium feldspar comprises the following specific steps:
s1, desliming potassium feldspar: digging out low-grade potassium feldspar crude ore, and washing with clear water to remove sludge in the crude ore;
s2, oil removal: removing oil from the potassium feldspar crude ore after cleaning sludge through microbubble air flotation, removing oil through fiber, and then dehydrating and airing;
s3, decomposition: crushing the dehydrated raw ore, putting the crushed raw ore into a reaction tank, then putting a sulfuric acid solution with the mass concentration of 18-35% into the reaction tank to soak for 15-25 minutes, stirring once every 1 minute, then adding distilled water to dilute until the pH value of slurry in the reaction tank is 6.2-6.8, then adding 1/5 coconut shell powder of the total weight of the slurry, stirring uniformly, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30-45 minutes;
s4, magnetic separation and impurity removal: magnetically separating the slurry by a high-gradient magnetic separator,the magnetic field intensity of the high-gradient magnetic separator is 755-825KA/m, the flow velocity of the slurry is 2.5-4.5cm/s, and then solid-liquid separation is carried out to obtain leached slag
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
And leachate I;
s5, flotation: adding a sulfuric acid solution into the leaching residue I, adjusting the pH value of the leaching residue slurry to 6.5-6.8, then adding a collecting agent and a foaming agent, and collecting a foam product to obtain a flotation leaching residue slurry;
the collecting agent is obtained by mixing dodecyl ammonium chloride, diesel oil and dodecylamine acetate, and the mass ratio is 11:8: 13;
the foaming agent is prepared by mixing petroleum sodium sulfonate, high alcohol oil and eucalyptus oil in a mass ratio of 4:9: 11;
s6, removing impurities: adding 10% sodium carbonate solution into the leaching solution I, adjusting the pH value of the leaching solution to 5.5, selectively precipitating iron, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain leaching residue
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
And (3) mixing the leaching solution II, adding excessive potassium dihydrogen phosphate into the leaching solution II, reacting for 15-25 minutes, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain leaching residue
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
And leachate III;
s7, preparing high-purity potassium feldspar: and (4) mixing the leaching residue slurry obtained in the step (S5) by flotation with the leaching solution III obtained in the step (S6) to obtain ore slurry, then separating and grading the ore slurry through a concentration cyclone, collecting the ore slurry with higher underflow concentration, and then sending the ore slurry into a concentration tower for dehydration treatment to obtain the high-purity potash feldspar.
Further, in step S3, the raw ore is crushed, and the particle size of the crushed raw ore is less than 0.5 cm.
Further, in step S3, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 285- & 310 Hz.
In step S7, the water content of the high-purity potash feldspar obtained by the dehydration treatment is less than 5%.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the raw ore is crushed, added with acid and soaked to selectively dissolve active metal elements in the mineral powder, and coconut shell powder is added under a certain pH value to control the reaction rate and the reaction degree, under the combined action of ultrasonic waves, the separation and electrification of inactive elements in the mineral powder can be promoted, magnetic separation is carried out to remove magnetic impurity elements, but the impurity removal efficiency can not reach 100 percent, the leachate I and the leachate I are obtained after separation, the leachate I can further remove mica and iron impurities through a flotation process, and further removing iron elements and titanium elements from the leaching solution I, wherein the leaching solution I also contains the main component elements of the potassium feldspar, continuously recovering and mixing with leaching residue slurry after impurity removal, and further concentrating to obtain the high-purity potassium feldspar. In the flotation step, prior art is compared to the collecting agent of adoption, and the collecting agent of this application has excellent collecting ability, can be quick adsorb the irregular ore pulp solution of dispersion in the thick liquids, can increase the efficiency of getting rid of soon, and the foaming agent of this application can be quick reduce the surface tension of water, follow when catching agent catch behind the quick bubble of selective element come-up and the ore surface foaming agent ability and attached to the element that the ore pulp caught, along with the effect improvement flotation's of air bubble efficiency.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with the present invention are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a method for purifying and whitening potassium feldspar comprises the following specific steps:
s1, desliming potassium feldspar: digging out low-grade potassium feldspar crude ore, and washing with clear water to remove sludge in the crude ore;
s2, oil removal: removing oil from the potassium feldspar crude ore after cleaning sludge through microbubble air flotation, removing oil through fiber, and then dehydrating and airing;
s3, decomposition: crushing the dehydrated raw ore, putting the crushed raw ore into a reaction tank, then putting a sulfuric acid solution with the mass concentration of 18% into the reaction tank, soaking for 15 minutes, stirring once every 1 minute, then adding distilled water to dilute until the pH value of slurry in the reaction tank is 6.2, then adding 1/5 coconut shell powder of the total weight of the slurry, stirring uniformly, and carrying out 285 Hz ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes;
s4, magnetic separation and impurity removal: performing magnetic separation on the slurry by a high-gradient magnetic separator, wherein the magnetic field intensity of the high-gradient magnetic separator is 755KA/m, the flow velocity of the slurry is 2.5cm/s, and then performing solid-liquid separation to obtain leaching residue
Figure 672695DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
And leachate I;
s5, flotation: adding a sulfuric acid solution into the leaching residue I, adjusting the pH value of the leaching residue slurry to 6.5, then adding a collecting agent and a foaming agent, and collecting a foam product to obtain a flotation leaching residue slurry;
s6, removing impurities: adding 10% sodium carbonate solution into the leaching solution I, adjusting the pH value of the leaching solution to 5.5, selectively precipitating iron, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain leaching residue
Figure 589836DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
And (3) mixing the leaching solution II, adding excessive potassium dihydrogen phosphate into the leaching solution II, reacting for 15 minutes, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain leaching residue
Figure 805791DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
And leachate III;
s7, preparing high-purity potassium feldspar: and (4) mixing the leaching residue slurry obtained in the step (S5) by flotation with the leaching solution III obtained in the step (S6) to obtain ore slurry, then separating and grading the ore slurry through a concentration cyclone, collecting the ore slurry with higher underflow concentration, and then sending the ore slurry into a concentration tower for dehydration treatment to obtain the high-purity potash feldspar with the water content of less than 5%.
Example 2:
a method for purifying and whitening potassium feldspar comprises the following specific steps:
s1, desliming potassium feldspar: digging out low-grade potassium feldspar crude ore, and washing with clear water to remove sludge in the crude ore;
s2, oil removal: removing oil from the potassium feldspar crude ore after cleaning sludge through microbubble air flotation, removing oil through fiber, and then dehydrating and airing;
s3, decomposition: crushing the dehydrated raw ore, putting the crushed raw ore into a reaction tank, then putting 35% sulfuric acid solution into the reaction tank to soak for 25 minutes, stirring the crushed raw ore once every 1 minute, then adding distilled water to dilute the slurry in the reaction tank until the pH value of the slurry is 6.8, then adding 1/5 coconut shell powder of the total weight of the slurry, uniformly stirring the mixture, and carrying out 310 Hz ultrasonic treatment for 45 minutes;
s4, magnetic separation and impurity removal: carrying out magnetic separation on the slurry by a high-gradient magnetic separator, wherein the magnetic field intensity of the high-gradient magnetic separator is 825KA/m, the flow velocity of the slurry is 4.5cm/s, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain leaching residue
Figure 201000DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
And leachate I;
s5, flotation: adding a sulfuric acid solution into the leaching residue I, adjusting the pH value of the leaching residue slurry to 6.8, then adding a collecting agent and a foaming agent, and collecting a foam product to obtain a flotation leaching residue slurry;
s6, removing impurities: adding 10% sodium carbonate solution into the leaching solution I, adjusting the pH value of the leaching solution to 5.5, selectively precipitating iron, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain leaching residue
Figure 15373DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
And (3) mixing the leaching solution II, adding excessive potassium dihydrogen phosphate into the leaching solution II, reacting for 25 minutes, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain leaching residue
Figure 775518DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
And leachate III;
s7, preparing high-purity potassium feldspar: and (4) mixing the leaching residue slurry obtained in the step (S5) by flotation with the leaching solution III obtained in the step (S6) to obtain ore slurry, then separating and grading the ore slurry through a concentration cyclone, collecting the ore slurry with higher underflow concentration, and then sending the ore slurry into a concentration tower for dehydration treatment to obtain the high-purity potash feldspar with the water content of less than 5%.
Example 3:
a method for purifying and whitening potassium feldspar comprises the following specific steps:
s1, desliming potassium feldspar: digging out low-grade potassium feldspar crude ore, and washing with clear water to remove sludge in the crude ore;
s2, oil removal: removing oil from the potassium feldspar crude ore after cleaning sludge through microbubble air flotation, removing oil through fiber, and then dehydrating and airing;
s3, decomposition: crushing the dehydrated raw ore, putting the crushed raw ore into a reaction tank, then putting a sulfuric acid solution with the mass concentration of 25% into the reaction tank, soaking for 20 minutes, stirring once every 1 minute, then adding distilled water to dilute until the pH value of slurry in the reaction tank is 6.4, then adding 1/5 coconut shell powder of the total weight of the slurry, stirring uniformly, and carrying out 300 Hz ultrasonic treatment for 36 minutes;
s4, magnetic separation and impurity removal: performing magnetic separation on the slurry by a high-gradient magnetic separator, wherein the magnetic field intensity of the high-gradient magnetic separator is 785KA/m, the flow velocity of the slurry is 3.2cm/s, and then performing solid-liquid separation to obtain leaching residue
Figure 42552DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
And leachate I;
s5, flotation: adding a sulfuric acid solution into the leaching residue I, adjusting the pH value of the leaching residue slurry to 6.7, then adding a collecting agent and a foaming agent, and collecting a foam product to obtain a flotation leaching residue slurry;
s6, removing impurities: adding 10% sodium carbonate solution into the leaching solution I, adjusting the pH of the leaching solution to 5.5, and selectively precipitating ironThen carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain leaching residue
Figure 241452DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
And (3) mixing the leaching solution II, adding excessive potassium dihydrogen phosphate into the leaching solution II, reacting for 20 minutes, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain leaching residue
Figure 848014DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
And leachate III;
s7, preparing high-purity potassium feldspar: and (4) mixing the leaching residue slurry obtained in the step (S5) by flotation with the leaching solution III obtained in the step (S6) to obtain ore slurry, then separating and grading the ore slurry through a concentration cyclone, collecting the ore slurry with higher underflow concentration, and then sending the ore slurry into a concentration tower for dehydration treatment to obtain the high-purity potash feldspar with the water content of less than 5%.
Test one:
comparative example 1: the operation method is basically consistent with that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: the collector was dodecyl ammonium chloride.
Comparative example 2: the operation method is basically consistent with that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: the collector is diesel oil.
Comparative example 3: the operation method is basically consistent with that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: the collector is dodecylamine acetate.
Comparative example 4: the operation method is basically consistent with that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: the collecting agent is obtained by mixing diesel oil and acetic acid dodecylamine according to the mass ratio of 8: 13.
Comparative example 5: the operation method is basically consistent with that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: the collector is prepared by mixing dodecyl ammonium chloride and dodecylamine acetate according to the mass ratio of 11: 13.
Comparative example 6: the operation method is basically consistent with that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: the foaming agent is a high alcohol oil.
Comparative example 7: the operation method is basically consistent with that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: the foaming agent is eucalyptus oil.
Comparative example 8: the operation method is basically consistent with that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: the foaming agent is petroleum sodium sulfonate.
Comparative example 9: the operation method is basically consistent with that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: the foaming agent is prepared by mixing petroleum sodium sulfonate and eucalyptus oil according to the mass ratio of 4: 11.
Comparative example 10: the operation method is basically consistent with that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: the foaming agent is prepared by mixing sodium petroleum sulfonate and high-alcohol oil according to the mass ratio of 4: 9.
Comparative example 11: the operation method is basically consistent with that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: there is no process of decomposition of step S3.
Comparative example 12: the operation method is basically consistent with that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that: there is no process of removing the impurities of step S6.
Table 1 raw ore composition units: is based on
Potassium oxide Alumina oxide Iron oxide Titanium oxide Silicon oxide Others
Content (wt.) 11.6 16.2 4.2 0.09 65.3 2.61
By adopting the operation methods of the examples 1 to 3 and the schemes of the comparative examples 1 to 5, the yield recording, the iron removal rate, the titanium removal rate and the whiteness of the prepared high-purity potassium feldspar are detected, and the detection results are as follows:
TABLE 2
Yield/%) Iron removal rate/%) Removal of titanium% Whiteness/%
Example 1 62.3 76.3 72.3 60.3
Example 2 63.5 75.6 71.3 64.5
Example 3 62.8 72.6 71.6 62.3
Comparative example 1 51.3 58.3 60.2 48.6
Comparative example 2 52.3 56.2 61.3 49.3
Comparative example 3 52.1 57.6 62.3 48.5
Comparative example 4 55.6 60.2 63.5 50.1
Comparative example 5 56.2 60.5 64.1 50.3
Comparative example 6 53.2 59.6 62.5 50.2
Comparative example 7 54.5 58.9 63.2 49.8
Comparative example 8 54.6 59.3 62.8 49.3
Comparative example 9 56.3 60.2 63.5 52.3
Comparative example 10 55.7 60.3 64.6 51.3
Comparative example 11 59.2 65.3 65.8 55.6
Comparative example 12 57.3 64.5 64.1 53.6
Known by last table, adopt collector, foaming agent and whole step of this application to have better edulcoration effect, can improve the efficiency of edulcoration through collector, foaming agent combined action in addition and prevent that the ore pulp surface from needing absorbent material to precipitate once more among the flotation process, influence product yield and purity.
The above examples are merely illustrative of several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. The method for purifying and whitening the potassium feldspar is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
s1, desliming potassium feldspar: digging out low-grade potassium feldspar crude ore, flushing with clear water to remove sludge in the crude ore,
s2, oil removal: removing oil from the potassium feldspar crude ore after cleaning sludge by microbubble air flotation, removing oil by fiber, dehydrating and drying,
s3, decomposition: crushing the dehydrated raw ore, putting the crushed raw ore into a reaction tank, then putting a sulfuric acid solution with the mass concentration of 18-35% into the reaction tank to soak for 15-25 minutes, stirring once every 1 minute, then adding distilled water to dilute until the pH value of slurry in the reaction tank is 6.2-6.8, then adding 1/5 coconut shell powder of the total weight of the slurry, stirring uniformly, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30-45 minutes;
s4, magnetic separation and impurity removal: carrying out magnetic separation on the slurry by a high-gradient magnetic separator, wherein the magnetic field intensity of the high-gradient magnetic separator is 755-ion 825KA/m, the flow velocity of the slurry is 2.5-4.5cm/s, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain leaching residue I and leaching agent I;
s5, flotation: adding a sulfuric acid solution into the leaching residue I, adjusting the pH value of the leaching residue slurry to 6.5-6.8, then adding a collecting agent and a foaming agent, and collecting a foam product to obtain a flotation leaching residue slurry;
the collecting agent is obtained by mixing dodecyl ammonium chloride, diesel oil and dodecylamine acetate, and the mass ratio is 11:8: 13;
the foaming agent is prepared by mixing petroleum sodium sulfonate, high-alcohol oil and eucalyptus oil in a mass ratio of 4:9: 11;
s6, removing impurities: adding a sodium carbonate solution with the mass concentration of 10% into the leaching solution I, adjusting the pH value of the leaching solution to 5.5, selectively precipitating iron, then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain leaching residue II and leaching solution II, adding excessive potassium dihydrogen phosphate into the leaching solution II, reacting for 15-25 minutes, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain leaching residue III and leaching solution III;
s7, preparing high-purity potassium feldspar: and (4) mixing the leaching residue slurry obtained in the step (S5) by flotation with the leaching solution III obtained in the step (S6) to obtain ore slurry, then separating and grading the ore slurry through a concentration cyclone, collecting the ore slurry with higher underflow concentration, and then sending the ore slurry into a concentration tower for dehydration treatment to obtain the high-purity potash feldspar.
2. The method for purifying and whitening potassium feldspar according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S3, the raw ore is crushed, and the particle size of the crushed raw ore is less than 0.5 cm.
3. The method for purifying and whitening potassium feldspar according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S3, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 285-310 hz.
4. The method for purifying and whitening potassium feldspar according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S7, the water content of the high-purity potassium feldspar obtained by the dehydration treatment is less than 5%.
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