CN109179145B - Multi-stage buffer for elevator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a multistage buffer for an elevator, which solves the problems of poor buffering effect, complex structure and large rebound force of the conventional buffer for the elevator and comprises a buffer base, wherein arc-shaped sliding blocks are arranged on the buffer base through sliding guide structures, the arc-shaped sliding blocks are circumferentially distributed and arranged, the inner sides of the arc-shaped sliding blocks circumferentially surround to form a conical channel, the circumferential outer sides of the arc-shaped sliding blocks are connected with the buffer base through horizontal buffer structures, multistage buffer components are arranged in the conical channel, each multistage buffer component comprises a first-stage buffer body, the lower end of the first-stage buffer body is sequentially provided with a second-stage buffer body and a third-stage buffer body, the first-stage buffer body, the second-stage buffer body and the third-stage buffer body are all in upper-large-small structures, conical grooves with the upper-large-small structures are formed in the second-stage buffer body and the third-stage buffer body, and the circumferential outer sides of the third-stage buffer body are contacted with conical friction surfaces of the conical channel. The invention has the advantages of good buffering effect, simple structure, small rebound force and the like.

Description

Elevator multi-stage buffer

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of elevator buffers, and in particular to a multi-stage elevator buffer.

Background technique

Elevators are becoming more and more widely used in various buildings. The reliability and safety of elevators are closely related to the safety of passengers, so elevators need to install necessary safety detection and safety protection devices, such as elevator buffers. The buffer is the last link in the elevator safety system and plays a buffering role when the elevator fails or crashes to the bottom in an accident. Thereby relieving the elevator or people in the elevator from direct impact. There are many types of elevator buffers, but existing elevator buffers have more or less shortcomings or areas that can be improved. For example, the basic buffering effect of some buffers is poor and cannot guarantee the safety of the elevator; some buffers have complex structures; and some energy-storage buffers have large elasticity and may cause harm to the personal safety of passengers.

In order to solve the shortcomings of existing technologies, people have conducted long-term exploration and proposed various solutions. For example, the Chinese patent document discloses a spring buffer for elevators [201520521194. The upper part of the spring buffer for elevators is provided with an internal buffer plate bracket. The upper part of the spring buffer for elevators is provided with a buffer sliding shaft. The upper part of the spring buffer for elevators is provided with a sliding shaft slot. The upper part of the spring buffer for elevators is provided with a sliding shaft slot. The upper part of the spring buffer for elevators is provided with a large buffer spring, and the upper part of the spring buffer for elevators is provided with a small buffer spring.

The above solution has solved the problems of poor buffering effect and complex structure of the existing elevator buffer to a certain extent. However, this solution still has many shortcomings. For example, its high elasticity spring is mainly set in the vertical direction and has a large rebound force. , which may cause harm to passengers.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a multi-stage elevator buffer with reasonable design, good buffering effect and simple structure.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The multi-level buffer of this elevator includes a horizontally arranged buffer base. The buffer base is provided with a number of uniform buffers made of polyurethane material through a sliding guide structure. The arc-shaped sliding block is arranged in a circumferential distribution, and the inside of the arc-shaped sliding block is circumferentially enclosed to form a conical channel with a conical cylindrical shape and a conical friction surface in the circumferential direction. The circumferential outer side of the arc-shaped sliding block and the buffer base are connected through a horizontal buffer structure, and the diameter of the upper end of the conical channel decreases to the diameter of the lower end. There are multiple stages in the conical channel. Buffer assembly, the multi-level buffer assembly includes a first-level buffer body that is in the shape of a solid truncated cone and has a force-bearing end face on its upper end. The secondary buffer body and the tertiary buffer body are shaped like a secondary buffer body and a tertiary buffer body. The primary buffer body, the secondary buffer body and the tertiary buffer body are all in a structure with a large top and a small bottom, and the secondary buffer body and the tertiary buffer body are Both have conical grooves with a large upper and small structure, and the lower end of the first-level buffer body is circumferentially externally abutted in the conical groove of the secondary buffer body, and the lower end of the second-level buffer body is circumferentially The outer side abuts the conical groove of the third-level buffer body, and the circumferential outer side of the third-level buffer body is in contact with the tapered friction surface of the conical channel. When the elevator car falls and hits the buffer, the car will come into contact with the multi-level buffer assembly, that is, the car will press the uppermost primary buffer, and the primary buffer will squeeze the secondary buffer, and the secondary buffer will Squeeze the three-level buffer body. Due to the gravity of the car, the three-level buffer body moves downward and squeezes the arc-shaped sliding block to move to both sides under the action of the sliding guide structure. In this process, the horizontal buffer structure slows down the movement in the horizontal direction. Pressure and vibration, the inclined contact surface between the multi-level buffer components and the arc-shaped sliding block slows down the pressure and vibration in the tilt direction. The buffer is an energy-absorbing type and does not have high rebound components in the vertical direction.

In the above-mentioned elevator multi-stage buffer, the circumferential outer side of the lower end of the primary buffer body abuts against the middle or lower part of the conical groove of the secondary buffer body; the circumferential outer side of the lower end of the secondary buffer body abuts Lean against the middle or lower part of the conical groove of the third-level buffer body. The three buffer bodies are properly connected, which is conducive to transmitting the gravity of the car.

In the above-mentioned elevator multi-level buffer, the heights of the primary buffer body, the secondary buffer body and the third-level buffer body are equal, and the taper of the primary buffer body, the taper of the secondary buffer body and The taper of the three-level buffer body gradually becomes larger, and its shape is conducive to pushing the arc-shaped sliding block to slide to both sides.

In the above-mentioned elevator multi-level buffer, the lower end of the third-level buffer body has a fourth-level buffer body that is integrated with the third-level buffer body and is in the shape of a solid truncated cone with a large top and a small bottom. The circumferential outer side of the fourth-level buffer body is in contact with the tapered friction surface of the tapered channel. The four-level buffer body not only further enhances the buffering force, but also better promotes the arc-shaped sliding block to slide to both sides.

In the above-mentioned elevator multi-stage buffer, the buffer base is disk-shaped, the number of the arc-shaped sliding blocks is four, and the arc-shaped sliding blocks are centered around the center of the buffer base. It is uniformly distributed and enclosed to form an annular structure, and the conical channel is formed in the annular structure to ensure that the buffer is evenly stressed.

In the above-mentioned elevator multi-stage buffer, the sliding guide structure includes four sliding grooves circumferentially arranged on the buffer base, and the sliding grooves are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction with the center of the buffer base as the center. , and one end of the sliding groove extends to the center of the buffer base, and the other end extends to the circumferential outside of the buffer base. The bottom of the arc-shaped sliding block is provided with a slide block corresponding to the sliding groove, and the slide block The block and the sliding groove are slidingly connected to each other. The slide block and sliding groove allow the arc-shaped sliding block to slide smoothly, avoiding the phenomenon that the arc-shaped sliding block does not move under the squeeze of the elevator and does not play a buffering role.

In the above-mentioned elevator multi-stage buffer, the horizontal buffer structure includes a number of buffer seats arranged circumferentially outside the buffer base and in a vertical direction. The buffer seats are respectively connected to the outside of the arc-shaped sliding block. Correspondingly, the arc-shaped sliding block is provided with a buffer rod extending outward and arranged horizontally on the circumferential outside, the buffer seat is provided with a mounting hole corresponding to the buffer rod, and the buffer rod and sliding groove are arranged parallel to each other, and a linear bearing is provided between the circumferential inner side of the installation hole and the circumferential outer side of the buffer rod. The buffer rod penetrates into the installation hole and is provided with an arc-shaped sliding block on the buffer rod to maintain the arc-shaped sliding block. An elastic cushioning component with a tendency to move toward the center of the cushion base.

In the above-mentioned elevator multi-stage buffer, the elastic buffer component includes a buffer spring set on the buffer rod, and one end of the buffer spring is against the buffer seat, and the other end acts on the outside of the arc-shaped sliding block. . The buffer spring has very good elasticity and has a great buffering effect in the horizontal direction.

In the above-mentioned multi-stage buffer for elevators, the force-bearing end surface of the first-level buffer body is provided with a number of buffering protrusions that are integrated with the first-level buffer body. The car is actually in contact with the buffer bulge.

In the above-mentioned elevator multi-stage buffer, the tapered friction surface is plated with a damping layer, and the circumferential outer side of the three-level buffer body is in contact with the damping layer, and the three-level buffer body is in contact with the damping layer. The upper end does not exceed the outside of the upper end of the conical channel. The damping layer has good shock-absorbing, noise-reducing and flame-retardant properties, and also plays a big role in the buffering effect.

Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of the present invention are: the buffer is an energy-absorbing buffer with small rebound force, ensuring the safety of passengers; the buffer has a simple structure; the buffer has horizontal and inclined The buffer structure and multi-level buffer components have good buffering and shock-absorbing effects.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a top view of the present invention;

In the figure, the buffer base 1, sliding guide structure 2, sliding groove 21, slider 22, arc sliding block 3, conical channel 4, damping layer 41, horizontal buffer structure 5, buffer seat 51, buffer rod 52, mounting hole 53. Elastic buffer component 54, buffer spring 55, linear bearing 56, multi-level buffer component 6, primary buffer body 61, secondary buffer body 62, third-level buffer body 63, fourth-level buffer body 64, conical groove 65, The force-bearing end surface 7 and the buffering protrusion 71.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1-2, the multi-level buffer of this elevator includes a horizontally arranged buffer base 1. The buffer base 1 is provided with a number of arc-shaped arcs made of polyurethane material through a sliding guide structure 2. The arc-shaped sliding blocks 3 are arranged circumferentially, and the inner side of the arc-shaped sliding blocks 3 is circumferentially enclosed to form a conical channel 4 that is in the shape of a cone and has a tapered friction surface in the circumferential direction. The arc-shaped sliding blocks 3 are circumferentially arranged on the outside. It is connected to the buffer base 1 through a horizontal buffer structure 5, and the diameter of the conical channel 4 becomes smaller from the upper end to the lower end. A multi-level buffer component 6 is provided in the conical channel 4. The multi-level buffer component 6 includes a The primary buffer body 61 is solid in the shape of a truncated cone and has a stress-bearing end surface 7 on its upper end. The lower end of the primary buffer body 61 is provided with a secondary buffer body 62 and a tertiary buffer body that are arranged from top to bottom and are in the shape of a truncated cone. 63. The primary buffer body 61, the secondary buffer body 62 and the third-level buffer body 63 all have a large upper and small structure, and the secondary buffer body 62 and the third-level buffer body 63 all have cones with a large upper and small structure. The circumferential outer side of the lower end of the primary buffer body 61 abuts the conical groove 65 of the secondary buffer body 62 , and the circumferential outer side of the lower end of the secondary buffer body 62 abuts the conical groove 65 of the secondary buffer body 63 In the groove 65 , the circumferential outer side of the third-level buffer body 63 is in contact with the conical friction surface of the conical channel 4 . When the elevator car falls and hits the buffer, the car will come into contact with the multi-level buffer assembly 6, that is, the car will press the uppermost primary buffer body 61, and the primary buffer body 61 will squeeze the secondary buffer body 62. The secondary buffer body 62 then squeezes the third-level buffer body 63. Due to the gravity of the car, the third-level buffer body 63 moves downward and squeezes the arc-shaped sliding block 3 to move to both sides under the action of the sliding guide structure 2. During this process , the horizontal buffer structure 5 slows down the pressure and vibration in the horizontal direction, and the inclined contact surface between the multi-stage buffer components 6 and the arc-shaped sliding block 3 slows down the pressure and vibration in the tilt direction. The buffer is an energy-absorbing type and does not have high rebound components in the vertical direction.

Specifically, the circumferential outer side of the lower end of the primary buffer body 61 abuts against the middle or lower part of the conical groove 65 of the secondary buffer body 62 ; the circumferential outer side of the lower end of the secondary buffer body 62 abuts against the cone of the third-level buffer body 63 The middle part or the lower part of the shaped groove 65.

Preferably, the heights of the primary buffer body 61 , the secondary buffer body 62 and the third-level buffer body 63 are equal, and the taper of the primary buffer body 61 , the taper of the secondary buffer body 62 and the taper of the third-level buffer body 63 gradually increase. get bigger. Its shape is conducive to pushing the arc-shaped sliding block 3 to slide to both sides.

It can be seen that the lower end of the third-level buffer body 63 has a fourth-level buffer body 64 that is connected to the third-level buffer body 63 and has an integrated structure and is in the shape of a solid truncated cone with a large top and a small bottom, and the fourth-level buffer body 64 is circumferentially outward and conical. The tapered friction surface of channel 4 is in contact. The fourth-level buffer body 64 not only further enhances the buffering force, but also better pushes the arc-shaped sliding block 3 to slide to both sides.

Obviously, the buffer base 1 is disk-shaped, the number of arc-shaped sliding blocks 3 is four, and the arc-shaped sliding blocks 3 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction with the center of the buffer base 1 as the center to form an annular structure, and the conical channel 4 forms within a ring structure.

Further, the sliding guide structure 2 includes four sliding grooves 21 circumferentially arranged on the buffer base 1. The sliding grooves 21 are evenly distributed circumferentially with the center of the buffer base 1 as the center, and one end of the sliding groove 21 extends to The center of the buffer base 1 and the other end extend to the circumferential outer side of the buffer base 1. The arc-shaped sliding block 3 is provided with a sliding block 22 corresponding to the sliding groove 21 at the bottom, and the sliding block 22 and the sliding groove 21 are slidingly connected to each other. The sliding block 22 and the sliding groove 21 allow the arcuate sliding block 3 to slide smoothly, avoiding the phenomenon that the arcuate sliding block 3 does not move under the squeeze of the elevator and does not play a buffering role.

Obviously, the horizontal buffer structure 5 includes a number of buffer seats 51 arranged in the circumferential outer side of the buffer base 1 and in the vertical direction. The buffer seats 51 correspond one-to-one to the outer sides of the arc-shaped sliding block 3. The arc-shaped sliding block 3 is arranged around A buffer rod 52 extending outward and arranged horizontally is provided to the outside. The buffer seat 51 is provided with a mounting hole 53 corresponding to the buffer rod 52. The buffer rod 52 and the sliding groove 21 are arranged parallel to each other, and the mounting hole 53 is circumferentially A linear bearing 56 is provided between the inner side and the circumferential outer side of the buffer rod 52. The buffer rod 52 passes through the mounting hole 53 and is provided with a bearing on the buffer rod 52 that can keep the arcuate sliding block 3 moving toward the center of the buffer base 1. Elastic buffer component 54.

Specifically, the elastic buffer assembly 54 includes a buffer spring 55 that is sleeved on the buffer rod 52 . One end of the buffer spring 55 abuts the buffer seat 51 , and the other end acts on the outside of the arc-shaped sliding block 3 . The buffer spring 55 has very good elasticity and has a great buffering effect in the horizontal direction.

It can be seen that the force-bearing end surface 7 of the primary buffer body 61 is provided with a number of buffer protrusions 71 that are integrated with the primary buffer body 61 . The car is actually in contact with the buffer protrusion 71

Preferably, a damping layer 41 is plated on the conical friction surface, and the circumferential outer side of the tertiary buffer body 63 is in contact with the damping layer 41 , and the upper end of the tertiary buffer body 63 does not extend beyond the outer side of the upper end of the conical channel 4 . The damping layer 41 has good shock-absorbing, noise-reducing and flame-retardant properties, and also plays a big role in the buffering effect.

The principle of this embodiment is: when the elevator car falls and hits the buffer, the car will come into contact with the multi-level buffer assembly 6, that is, the car will press the buffer protrusion 71 on the uppermost first-level buffer body 61. The first-level buffer body 61 will squeeze the second-level buffer body 62, and the second-level buffer body 62 will squeeze the third-level buffer body 63 and the fourth-level buffer body 64. Due to the gravity of the car, the third-level buffer body 63 and the fourth-level buffer body 64 Move downward and squeeze the arc-shaped sliding block 3 to follow the slider 22 and move to both sides in the sliding groove 21. During this process, the inclined contact surface between the multi-level buffer components 6 and the arc-shaped sliding block 3 slows down the movement in the tilt direction. Due to the pressure and vibration, the damping layer 41 is subjected to friction to reduce shock and noise, and the buffer rod 52 moves to both sides to cause the buffer spring 55 to contract to reduce shock and reduce pressure.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs can make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or substitute them in similar ways, but this will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the definition of the appended claims. range.

Although this article uses a lot of buffer base 1, sliding guide structure 2, sliding groove 21, slider 22, arc sliding block 3, conical channel 4, damping layer 41, horizontal buffer structure 5, buffer seat 51, buffer rod 52. Mounting hole 53, elastic buffer component 54, buffer spring 55, linear bearing 56, multi-level buffer component 6, primary buffer body 61, secondary buffer body 62, third-level buffer body 63, fourth-level buffer body 64, cone The terms groove 65, force-bearing end surface 7, buffer protrusion 71 and other terms are used, but the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used only to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of the present invention; interpreting them as any additional limitations is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides an elevator multistage buffer, includes buffer base (1) that is the level setting, a serial communication port, buffer base (1) on be equipped with a plurality of arc sliding block (3) that make and all be curved by polyurethane material through slip guide structure (2), arc sliding block (3) circumference distribution set up, arc sliding block (3) inboard circumference surround and form and be cone tube-shape and circumference have conical channel (4) of toper friction surface, arc sliding block (3) circumference outside and buffer base (1) between link to each other through horizontal buffer structure (5), just diameter size of conical channel (4) upper end diameter size to the diameter size diameter of lower extreme diminish, conical channel (4) in be equipped with multistage buffering subassembly (6), multistage buffering subassembly (6) including be solid one-level stage form and upper end have two-level buffer body (62) that are the toper friction surface (7), two-level buffer body (61) lower extreme be set up from last and be the second-level buffer body (62) that the stage form and be the stage form down in proper order, two-level buffer body (63) and three-level buffer body (63) on the three-level buffer body (63) and three-level buffer body (63) on the one-level buffer structure (63), the lower end of the primary buffer body (61) is in circumferential outer side contact with the conical groove (65) of the secondary buffer body (62), the lower end of the secondary buffer body (62) is in circumferential outer side contact with the conical friction surface of the conical channel (4) and the conical groove (65) of the tertiary buffer body (63);

the lower end of the primary buffer body (61) is propped against the middle part or the lower part of the middle part of the conical groove (65) of the secondary buffer body (62) circumferentially outwards; the lower end of the secondary buffer body (62) is propped against the middle part or the lower part of the middle part of the conical groove (65) of the tertiary buffer body (63) circumferentially outwards;

the conical friction surface is plated with a damping layer (41), the circumferential outer side of the three-stage buffer body (63) is in contact with the damping layer (41), and the upper end of the three-stage buffer body (63) does not exceed the outer side of the upper end of the conical channel (4).

2. The multi-stage buffer for an elevator according to claim 1, wherein the primary buffer body (61), the secondary buffer body (62) and the tertiary buffer body (63) are equal in height, and the taper of the primary buffer body (61), the taper of the secondary buffer body (62) and the taper of the tertiary buffer body (63) are gradually increased.

3. The multi-stage buffer for the elevator according to claim 2, wherein the lower end of the three-stage buffer body (63) is provided with a four-stage buffer body (64) which is connected with the three-stage buffer body (63) into a whole and is in the shape of a solid truncated cone with a large upper part and a small lower part, and the peripheral outer side of the four-stage buffer body (64) is contacted with the conical friction surface of the conical channel (4).

4. The multi-stage buffer for an elevator according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the buffer base (1) is disc-shaped, the number of the arc-shaped sliding blocks (3) is four, the arc-shaped sliding blocks (3) are uniformly distributed and surrounded by taking the center of the buffer base (1) as the center of a circle to form an annular structure, and the conical channel (4) is formed in the annular structure.

5. The multistage buffer of claim 4, wherein the sliding guide structure (2) comprises four sliding grooves (21) circumferentially arranged on the buffer base (1), the sliding grooves (21) are uniformly circumferentially distributed by taking the center of the buffer base (1) as a circle center, one end of each sliding groove (21) extends to the center of the buffer base (1), the other end of each sliding groove extends to the circumferential outside of the buffer base (1), sliding blocks (22) corresponding to the sliding grooves (21) are arranged at the bottoms of the arc-shaped sliding blocks (3), and the sliding blocks (22) and the sliding grooves (21) are mutually connected in a sliding mode.

6. The elevator multistage buffer according to claim 4, wherein the horizontal buffer structure (5) comprises a plurality of buffer seats (51) which are arranged on the circumferential outer side of the buffer base (1) and are arranged in the vertical direction, the buffer seats (51) are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the outer sides of the arc sliding blocks (3), the circumferential outer sides of the arc sliding blocks (3) are provided with buffer rods (52) which extend outwards and are horizontally arranged, the buffer seats (51) are provided with mounting holes (53) corresponding to the buffer rods (52), the buffer rods (52) and the sliding grooves (21) are arranged in parallel, linear bearings (56) are arranged between the circumferential inner sides of the buffer rods (52) and the circumferential outer sides of the buffer rods (52), and the buffer rods (52) penetrate through the mounting holes (53) and are provided with elastic buffer assemblies (54) which enable the arc sliding blocks (3) to keep moving towards the center of the buffer base (1).

7. The multi-stage buffer according to claim 6, characterized in that the elastic buffer assembly (54) comprises a buffer spring (55) sleeved on the buffer rod (52), one end of the buffer spring (55) is abutted against the buffer seat (51), and the other end acts on the outer side of the arc-shaped sliding block (3).

8. The multi-stage buffer for the elevator according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of buffer protrusions (71) which are connected with the primary buffer body (61) into an integral structure are arranged on the stress end surface (7) of the primary buffer body (61).