Mechanical elevator acceleration detection device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of elevator safety prevention devices, in particular to a mechanical elevator acceleration detection device.
Background
With the rapid development of economic society and the increase of urban population density, high-rise buildings are increased rapidly, so that the safety of elevators of the high-rise buildings is concerned by all parties increasingly. In recent years, casualty accidents caused by uncontrolled falling of elevators are frequent, and cause little shadow to public psychology.
In the case of stalling, falling or overspeed top rushing of an elevator installed in a current high-rise building, no speed reducer is arranged in the falling or top rushing process, the elevator car can generate great kinetic energy at the moment of sitting at the bottom or top rushing under the action of gravitational acceleration or excess traction force, and the kinetic potential energy is difficult to be completely buffered and released by a buffer device at the bottom of a pit, which is an important reason for finally causing great personnel and property loss.
Therefore, more and more elevator manufacturers install acceleration detection devices on elevator cars to detect and prevent the acceleration of elevators exceeding the safety value downwards and upwards, and take emergency measures after exceeding a certain value; the existing acceleration detection device mostly adopts an electronic sensor, so that the device is easy to damage, and particularly when the device is arranged outside a car, the electronic components are easy to damage due to the humid environment in a hoistway; therefore, it is necessary to design a mechanical elevator acceleration detection device.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a mechanical elevator acceleration detection device, which adopts a metal inertia block to overcome the spring force to move up or down relative to an installation barrel in the process of emergency acceleration or emergency deceleration of an elevator, conductive contacts are arranged above and below the inertia block, and the inertia block is used for switching on the conductive contacts due to the conductive characteristic of metal to realize the feedback of signals; the two stages of conductive contacts are arranged, so that different processing modes can be adopted for different acceleration speeds; the acceleration detection device adopts a mechanical structure, is simple in structure, reliable in quality and long in service life, and can provide guarantee for the safety of the elevator.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a mechanical elevator acceleration detection device, comprising:
the mounting cylinder is a cylindrical hollow inner cylinder, and the axis of the mounting cylinder is vertically mounted on the elevator car;
the inertia block is a cylindrical metal block arranged in the mounting cylinder, and the excircle of the inertia block is in clearance fit with the inner hole of the mounting cylinder;
the upper sealing cover is plugged at the upper end of the mounting cylinder;
the lower sealing cover is sealed and plugged at the lower end of the mounting cylinder;
a first acceleration detection assembly is arranged between the inertia block and the upper sealing cover in the mounting cylinder;
and a second acceleration detection assembly is arranged between the inertia block and the lower sealing cover in the mounting cylinder.
When the elevator is accelerated or decelerated suddenly downwards or upwards, the speed of the inertia block has hysteresis, and if the acceleration exceeds the safety value of the elevator, the inertia block acts on the first acceleration detection component or the second acceleration detection component to provide an early warning signal or a signal for taking safety measures for the operation of the elevator.
Preferably, the first acceleration detecting unit includes a first buffer spring group mounted between the upper bottom surface of the inertial mass and the inner surface of the upper cover, and further includes a first acceleration feedback unit mounted on the inner surface of the upper cover.
Preferably, the second acceleration detecting unit includes a second buffer spring set mounted between the lower bottom surface of the inertial mass and the inner surface of the lower cover, and a second acceleration feedback unit mounted on the inner surface of the lower cover.
Preferably, the first acceleration feedback assembly includes a first transition plate located between the upper bottom surface of the inertia block and the inner surface of the upper cover and arranged in parallel with the upper bottom surface of the inertia block, and a third buffer spring set installed between the first transition plate and the inner surface of the upper cover.
Preferably, one side of the first transition plate, which is close to the inertia block, is provided with a first insulating layer, one side of the first transition plate, which is far away from the inertia block, is provided with a first conducting layer, and the first insulating layer is provided with two first conducting contacts which are separated from each other; and the inner surface of the upper sealing cover is provided with two second conductive contacts which are separated.
Whereby the inertia mass moves upward relative to the mounting tube during downward acceleration or upward deceleration of the elevator; if the elevator reaches a first acceleration, the elevator is contacted with the first conductive contacts, so that the two first conductive contacts are connected; if the elevator reaches a second acceleration, the inertia block can push the first transition plate to move upwards, so that the first conductive layer is contacted with the second conductive contacts, and the two second conductive contacts are connected; the first acceleration is generally set to be 1.1-1.3 times of the safety acceleration of the elevator, and the second acceleration is set to be 1.3-2 times of the safety acceleration of the elevator.
Preferably, the first conductive contact is connected by a first wire and then extends out of the detection device through the upper cover, and the second conductive contact is connected by a second wire and then extends out of the detection device through the upper cover.
Therefore, the two first wires and the two second wires are respectively connected with a controller to provide signals of the first acceleration and the second acceleration for the controller, and the controller respectively controls the elevator to take different safety measures according to the two signals; and the through holes of the first lead and the second lead after penetrating through the upper sealing cover are sealed by adopting a sealant such as glass cement.
Preferably, the second acceleration feedback assembly includes a second transition plate located between the lower bottom surface of the inertia block and the inner surface of the lower cover and arranged in parallel with the lower bottom surface of the inertia block, and a fourth buffer spring set installed between the second transition plate and the inner surface of the lower cover.
Preferably, one side of the second transition plate, which is close to the inertia block, is provided with a second insulating layer, one side of the second transition plate, which is far away from the inertia block, is provided with a second conductive layer, and the second insulating layer is provided with two third conductive contacts which are separated from each other; and two fourth spaced conductive contacts are arranged on the inner surface of the lower sealing cover.
Whereby the inertia mass moves downward relative to the mounting tube during upward acceleration or downward deceleration of the elevator; if the elevator reaches a third acceleration, the elevator is contacted with the third conductive contacts, so that the two third conductive contacts are connected; if the elevator reaches a fourth acceleration, the inertia block can push the second transition plate to move downwards, so that the second conductive layer is contacted with the fourth conductive contacts, and the two fourth conductive contacts are connected; the third acceleration is generally set to be 1.1 to 1.3 times of the safe acceleration of the elevator, and the fourth acceleration is set to be 1.3 to 2 times of the safe acceleration of the elevator.
Preferably, the third conductive contact is connected by a third wire and then extends out of the detection device through the lower cover, and the fourth conductive contact is connected by a fourth wire and then extends out of the detection device through the lower cover.
Therefore, the two third wires and the fourth wire are respectively connected with the controller to provide signals of the third acceleration and the fourth acceleration for the controller, and the controller respectively controls the elevator to take different safety measures according to the two signals; and the through holes of the third lead and the fourth lead after penetrating through the lower sealing cover are sealed by adopting a sealant such as glass cement.
Preferably, the inertial mass is a copper mass.
The mass of the inertial mass can be reduced by using the copper mass, and good power conduction is guaranteed.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the mechanical elevator acceleration detection device adopts the metal inertia block to overcome the spring force to move up or down relative to the mounting cylinder in the process of emergency acceleration or emergency deceleration of the elevator, conductive contacts are arranged above and below the inertia block, and the inertia block is used as the conductive characteristic of metal to be connected with the conductive contacts, so that the feedback of signals is realized; the two stages of conductive contacts are arranged, so that different processing modes can be adopted for different acceleration speeds; the acceleration detection device adopts a mechanical structure, is simple in structure, reliable in quality and long in service life, and can provide guarantee for the safety of the elevator.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an acceleration detecting apparatus of a mechanical elevator according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a first transition plate of the acceleration sensing apparatus for a mechanical elevator according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the acceleration detecting apparatus for a mechanical elevator according to the present invention at a second transition plate;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the acceleration sensing device of the mechanical elevator according to the present invention accelerating downward or decelerating upward to a small extent;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the acceleration sensing device of the mechanical elevator according to the present invention accelerating downward or decelerating upward to a large extent;
in the figure, 1-mounting cylinder, 2-inertia block, 3-upper sealing cover, 31-second conductive contact, 32-second lead, 4-lower sealing cover, 41-fourth conductive contact, 42-fourth lead, 5-first acceleration detection component, 51-first buffer spring group, 52-first acceleration feedback component, 521-first transition plate, 5211-first insulating layer, 5212-first conductive layer, 5213-first conductive contact, 5214-first lead, 522-third buffer spring group, 6-second acceleration detection component, 61-second buffer spring group, 62-second acceleration feedback component, 621-second transition plate, 6211-second insulating layer, 6212-second conductive layer, 6213-third conductive contact, 6213-second conductive contact, 6214-third conductor, 622-fourth buffer spring set.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained by means of specific embodiments with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, a mechanical elevator acceleration detection device includes:
the elevator car mounting structure comprises a mounting cylinder 1, wherein the mounting cylinder 1 is a cylindrical hollow inner cylinder, and the axis of the mounting cylinder is vertically mounted on an elevator car;
the inertia block 2 is a cylindrical metal block arranged in the installation cylinder 1, and the excircle of the inertia block 2 is in clearance fit with the inner hole of the installation cylinder 1;
the upper sealing cover 3 is plugged at the upper end of the mounting cylinder 1;
the lower sealing cover 4 is plugged at the lower end of the mounting cylinder 1;
a first acceleration detection component 5 is arranged between the inertia block 2 and the upper sealing cover 3 in the mounting cylinder 1;
and a second acceleration detection component 6 is arranged between the inertia block 2 and the lower sealing cover 4 in the mounting cylinder 1.
When the elevator is accelerated or decelerated suddenly downwards or upwards, the speed of the inertia block 2 has hysteresis, and if the acceleration exceeds the safety value of the elevator, the inertia block 2 acts on the first acceleration detection component 5 or the second acceleration detection component 6 to provide an early warning signal or a signal for taking safety measures for the operation of the elevator.
As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, the first acceleration sensing assembly 5 includes a first buffer spring set 51 mounted between the upper bottom surface of the inertial mass 2 and the inner surface of the upper cover 3, and further includes a first acceleration feedback assembly 52 mounted on the inner surface of the upper cover 3.
As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, the second acceleration sensing assembly 6 includes a second buffer spring set 61 mounted between the lower bottom surface of the inertial mass 2 and the inner surface of the lower cover 4, and a second acceleration feedback assembly 62 mounted on the inner surface of the lower cover 4.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 4 and 5, the first acceleration feedback assembly 52 includes a first transition plate 521 disposed between the upper bottom surface of the inertia mass 2 and the inner surface of the upper cover 3 in parallel with the upper bottom surface of the inertia mass 2, and a third buffer spring group 522 disposed between the first transition plate 521 and the inner surface of the upper cover 3.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 4 and 5, a first insulating layer 5211 is disposed on one side of the first transition plate 521 close to the inertial mass 2, and a first conductive layer 5212 is disposed on one side of the first transition plate away from the inertial mass 2, and two first conductive contacts 5213 are disposed on the first insulating layer 5211; the inner surface of the upper cover 3 is provided with two spaced apart second conductive contacts 31.
Thereby, the inertia block 2 moves upward relative to the installation cylinder 1 during the downward acceleration or upward deceleration of the elevator; when the elevator reaches a first acceleration, the elevator contacts the first conductive contacts 5213, so that the two first conductive contacts 5213 are connected; if the elevator reaches the second acceleration, the inertia block 2 pushes the first transition plate 521 to move upwards, so that the first conductive layer 5212 is contacted with the second conductive contacts 31, and the two second conductive contacts 31 are connected; the first acceleration is generally set to be 1.1-1.3 times of the safety acceleration of the elevator, and the second acceleration is set to be 1.3-2 times of the safety acceleration of the elevator.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 4 and 5, the first conductive contact 5213 is connected by a first lead 5214 and then extends out of the detection device through the upper cover 3, and the second conductive contact 31 is connected by a second lead 32 and then extends out of the detection device through the upper cover 3.
Thus, the two first wires 5214 and the second wire 32 are respectively connected with the controller to provide signals of the first acceleration and the second acceleration for the controller, and the controller respectively controls the elevator to take different safety measures according to the two signals; the through holes of the first and second leads 5214 and 32 after passing through the upper cap 3 are sealed with a sealant such as glass cement.
As shown in fig. 1, 3, 4 and 5, the second acceleration feedback assembly 62 includes a second transition plate 621 disposed between the lower bottom surface of the inertia mass 2 and the inner surface of the lower cover 4 and parallel to the lower bottom surface of the inertia mass 2, and a fourth buffer spring group 622 mounted between the second transition plate 621 and the inner surface of the lower cover 4.
As shown in fig. 1, 3, 4, and 5, a second insulating layer 6211 is disposed on the side of the second transition plate 621 close to the inertial mass 2, and a second conductive layer 6212 is disposed on the side far from the inertial mass 2, and two spaced third conductive contacts 6213 are disposed on the second insulating layer 6211; the inner surface of the lower cover 4 is provided with two spaced fourth conductive contacts 41.
Thereby, the inertia block 2 moves downward relative to the installation cylinder 1 during upward acceleration or downward deceleration of the elevator; if the elevator reaches a third acceleration, the elevator can be contacted with the third conductive contacts 6213, so that the two third conductive contacts 6213 are connected; if the elevator reaches a fourth acceleration, the inertia block 2 pushes the second transition plate 621 to move downwards, so that the second conductive layer 6212 is contacted with the fourth conductive contacts 41, and the two fourth conductive contacts 41 are connected; the third acceleration is generally set to be 1.1-1.3 times of the safety acceleration of the elevator, and the fourth acceleration is set to be 1.3-2 times of the safety acceleration of the elevator.
As shown in fig. 1, 3, 4, and 5, the third conductive contact 6213 is connected by a third conductive wire 6214 and then extends out of the detection device through the lower cover 4, and the fourth conductive contact 41 is connected by a fourth conductive wire 42 and then extends out of the detection device through the lower cover 4.
Thus, the two third wires 6214 and the fourth wire 42 are respectively connected with the controller to provide signals of third acceleration and fourth acceleration for the controller, and the controller respectively controls the elevator to take different safety measures according to the two signals; the through holes of the third conductive wires 6214 and the fourth conductive wires 42 passing through the lower cover 4 are sealed with a sealant such as glass cement.
The inertia block 2 is a copper block.
The mass density of copper is large and the electric conductivity is good, so that the mass volume of the detection device can be reduced by using the copper mass for the inertia mass 2, and good electrification is ensured.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the spirit and scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design concept of the present invention, and the technical contents of the present invention are all described in the claims.