CN109177226B - Forming die and forming method of composite material box body with approximate closed structure - Google Patents
Forming die and forming method of composite material box body with approximate closed structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN109177226B CN109177226B CN201810997445.XA CN201810997445A CN109177226B CN 109177226 B CN109177226 B CN 109177226B CN 201810997445 A CN201810997445 A CN 201810997445A CN 109177226 B CN109177226 B CN 109177226B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
- B29C70/342—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using isostatic pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
Abstract
The invention relates to a forming die of a composite material box body with an approximate closed structure and a forming method thereof, which realize the manufacture of the composite material box body without a lining, and the forming die can be repeatedly used, and belongs to the technical field of the manufacture of structural composite materials. According to the design method of the forming die suitable for the approximately closed lining-free composite material box body structure, a space frame design method is adopted, the difficulty in controlling the rigidity of the outer surface of the die is solved, and the air-tight system of the forming die is designed, so that the air-tight requirement of forming the composite material box body is met; the die is detachable and combined, can be repeatedly used for many times, and reduces the manufacturing cost of the component die.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a forming die and a forming method of a composite material box body with an approximate closed structure, and belongs to the technical field of structural composite material manufacturing.
Background
The structure schematic diagram of the composite material tank body with the approximate closed structure is shown in figure 1, the structure comprises a front bottom, a cylinder body and a rear bottom, the top end of the front bottom is provided with an opening which is called a front opening, the bottom end of the rear bottom is provided with an opening which is called a bottom opening, only two openings of the front opening and the bottom opening are left after the composite material tank body with the approximate closed structure is formed, and the rest parts form an air-tight characteristic only by virtue of a composite material body, so that the structure of the composite material tank body without the lining, which is approximate to closed, is. Typical representatives of this structure are composite cryogenic tanks and solid rocket motor casings.
The quality of the outer surface of a forming die of the component in the prior art is poor, the structure air tightness requires intelligent guarantees such as metal linings, plastic linings or rubber linings, and the requirement of repeated use for many times cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the forming die and the forming method thereof overcome the defects of the prior art, and provide a composite material box body with an approximate closed structure and a forming method thereof.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a forming die for a composite material box body with an approximate closed structure comprises a front bottom, a cylinder body and a rear bottom, wherein an opening is formed in the center of the top end of the front bottom and is called a front opening, and an opening is formed in the center of the bottom end of the rear bottom and is called a bottom opening; the inner diameters of the front opening and the rear opening are generally different, the size of the front opening is larger, and the inner diameter of the front opening is generally not less than 500 mm;
the forming die comprises a mandrel, two flange connecting mechanisms, a front bottom split module assembly, a barrel body split module assembly, a rear bottom split module assembly, an internal frame and an air-tight system; the airtight system comprises a sealing strip and a vacuum bag;
the outer diameter of the mandrel is matched with the inner diameter of the bottom opening, and the mandrel can penetrate through the front opening and the bottom opening;
the front bottom split module assembly is fixedly connected with the mandrel through one flange connecting mechanism, and the rear bottom split module assembly is fixedly connected with the mandrel through the other flange connecting mechanism;
the flange connecting mechanism comprises a flange and a split flange plate, the split flange plate is a disc consisting of more than one split module, a through hole is formed in the center of the disc, the gap between adjacent split modules in the split flange plate is smaller than 0.5mm, the split flange plate is fixedly connected to the flange through a screw, and the flange is positioned in the central through hole of the split flange plate;
the front bottom split module assembly is used for forming and supporting a front bottom, the front bottom split module assembly comprises more than six front bottom split modules, more than six front bottom longitudinal connecting girders and more than six front bottom transverse connecting girders, the inner surfaces of the adjacent front bottom split modules are sequentially connected and assembled by the front bottom longitudinal connecting girders in a countersunk bolt connection mode to form an integral front bottom split module assembly, and the adjacent front bottom split modules are sealed by an airtight system; when sealing is carried out, the vacuum bag covers the inner surface of the front bottom longitudinal connecting truss, and the edge of the vacuum bag is connected with the inner surface of the front bottom split module through a sealing strip;
the barrel body split module assembly is used for forming and supporting the barrel body and comprises more than six barrel body split modules and more than six barrel body longitudinal connecting girders, the inner surfaces of the adjacent barrel body split modules are sequentially connected and assembled by the barrel body longitudinal connecting girders in a countersunk head bolt connection mode to form the integral barrel body split module assembly, and the adjacent barrel body split modules are sealed by an airtight system; when sealing is carried out, the vacuum bag covers the inner surface of the cylinder body longitudinal connecting truss, and the edge of the vacuum bag is connected with the inner surface of the cylinder body longitudinal connecting truss through a sealing strip;
the rear bottom split module assembly is used for forming and supporting a rear bottom, the rear bottom split module assembly comprises more than six rear bottom split modules, more than six rear bottom longitudinal connecting girders and more than six rear bottom transverse connecting girders, the inner surfaces of the adjacent rear bottom split modules are sequentially connected and assembled by the rear bottom longitudinal connecting girders in a countersunk bolt connection mode to form an integral front bottom split module assembly, and the adjacent rear bottom split modules are sealed by an airtight system; when sealing is carried out, the vacuum bag covers the inner surface of the rear bottom longitudinal connecting truss, and the edge of the vacuum bag is connected with the inner surface of the rear bottom longitudinal connecting truss through a sealing strip;
the inner frame is used for rigidly supporting the inside of the front bottom split module assembly, the inside of the barrel body split module assembly and the inside of the rear bottom split module assembly;
the front bottom split module in the front bottom split module assembly and the barrel body split module in the barrel body split module assembly are sequentially connected into a whole by a front bottom transverse connecting truss in a countersunk head bolt mode, namely the front bottom split module assembly and the barrel body split module assembly are fixedly connected; when a front bottom split module in the front bottom split module assembly and a barrel body split module in the barrel body split module assembly are connected by adopting a front bottom transverse connecting truss, the front bottom split module and the barrel body split module are in an adjacent position relation; the adjacent front bottom split mold module and the barrel body split mold module are sealed through an airtight system; when sealing is carried out, the vacuum bag covers the inner surface of the transverse connecting truss of the front bottom, and the edge of the vacuum bag is connected with the inner surface of the front bottom split module and the inner surface of the cylinder body split module through the sealing strip;
the rear bottom split module in the rear bottom split module assembly and the barrel body split module in the barrel body split module assembly are sequentially connected into a whole by a rear bottom transverse connecting truss in a countersunk head bolt mode, namely, the rear bottom split module assembly and the barrel body split module assembly are fixedly connected; when a rear bottom split module in the rear bottom split module assembly is connected with a barrel body split module in the barrel body split module assembly by adopting a rear bottom transverse connecting truss, the rear bottom split module and the barrel body split module are in an adjacent position relation; the adjacent back bottom split mold module and the barrel body split mold module are sealed through an airtight system; when sealing is carried out, the vacuum bag covers the inner surface of the transverse connecting truss of the rear bottom, and the edge of the vacuum bag is connected with the inner surface of the rear bottom split module and the inner surface of the barrel body split module through the sealing strip;
after the front bottom split module assembly, the rear bottom split module assembly and the barrel body split module assembly are connected into a whole, the gap between each module of the adjacent front bottom split module, the barrel section split module and the rear bottom split module is required to be less than 0.2 mm;
the inner frame comprises a rigid supporting frame, a telescopic supporting rod, a telescopic connecting rod and a connecting piece, the inner frame is used for providing a supporting base for rigid appearances of the front bottom split module assembly, the barrel body split module assembly and the rear bottom split module assembly, the rigid supporting frame comprises more than three pairs of rigid semicircular rings and longitudinal connecting rods, and each pair of rigid semicircular rings forms a circular ring;
each pair of rigid semicircular rings form a circular ring, the circular rings are fixedly connected through a longitudinal connecting rod, one end of a telescopic supporting rod is fixedly connected to the rigid semicircular rings, and the other end of the telescopic supporting rod is fixedly connected to one end of a connecting piece; the other end of the connecting piece is fixedly connected to the inner walls of the front bottom split module assembly, the rear bottom split module assembly or the barrel body split module assembly; adjacent connecting pieces are connected in a reinforcing manner through telescopic connecting rods;
one end of the telescopic supporting rod is connected to the rigid supporting frame, and the other end of the telescopic supporting rod is connected to the connecting piece; the telescopic connecting rods connect circumferentially adjacent telescopic supporting rods together; the connecting pieces are arranged inside the front bottom split mold module, the barrel section split mold module and the rear bottom split mold module, more than one connecting piece is generally arranged on the barrel section split mold module, and more than one connecting piece is generally arranged on the front bottom split mold module and the barrel section split mold module;
the telescopic length of the telescopic support rod and the telescopic connecting rod is more than 10mm, and the bearing capacity is not lower than 200 kg;
the front bottom split mold module, the cylinder section split mold module, the rear bottom split mold module, the front bottom and the rear bottom meet the requirement of air tightness during manufacturing;
connect the airtight region of purlin to adopt the mode of sealing strip and vacuum bag segmentation cladding to carry out airtight control, preceding end longitudinal connection purlin, stack body longitudinal connection purlin, back end longitudinal connection purlin, preceding end transverse connection purlin and back end transverse connection purlin are peripheral to adopt the vacuum bag to be in preceding end split module subassembly back end split module subassembly with stack body split module subassembly inside carry out local airtight cladding, make the inside and outside airtight region that forms of mould.
A method of forming a composite material tank of a near closed structure, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) the forming die is installed, and the specific method comprises the following steps: connecting the front bottom split module assembly with the barrel body split module assembly outside the inner frame, connecting the barrel body split module assembly with the rear bottom split module assembly, sealing through an airtight system, then connecting two flange connecting mechanisms, and finally installing the mandrel to obtain a forming die;
(2) sleeving a pre-formed front bottom at one end of a mandrel, fixedly connecting the front bottom with one of the flange connecting mechanisms, sleeving a pre-formed rear bottom at the other end of the mandrel, and fixedly connecting the rear bottom with the other flange connecting mechanism;
(3) installing the product obtained in the step (2) on a main shaft of winding or laying equipment, carrying out laying forming by adopting a winding or automatic laying technology, coating the product by using a vacuum bag after forming is finished, and curing and forming the product in a vacuum bag pressing or autoclave;
(4) after the curing is finished, the die is disassembled, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
firstly, removing the vacuum bag coated by the outer layer;
secondly, loosening the connection between the two flange connecting mechanisms and the mandrel, and taking out the mandrel;
thirdly, removing the two flange connecting mechanisms;
fourthly, manually entering the interior of the forming die, removing the airtight system, and sequentially dismantling the front bottom longitudinal connecting truss, the barrel body longitudinal connecting truss, the rear bottom longitudinal connecting truss, the front bottom transverse connecting truss and the rear bottom transverse connecting truss;
fifthly, the internal frame is removed, and the front bottom split mold module, the barrel body split mold module and the rear bottom split mold module are taken out, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps: the telescopic supporting rod and the telescopic connecting rod are loosened and separated from the connecting piece, then the rigid supporting frame, the telescopic supporting rod and the telescopic connecting rod, the front bottom split mold module, the barrel body split mold module and the rear bottom split mold module are sequentially disassembled, so far, the mold is completely disassembled, and the surface of the box body is cleaned.
Advantageous effects
(1) According to the design method of the forming die suitable for the approximately closed lining-free composite material box body structure, a space frame design method is adopted, the difficulty in controlling the rigidity of the outer surface of the die is solved, and the air-tight system of the forming die is designed, so that the air-tight requirement of forming the composite material box body is met; the die is detachable and combined, can be repeatedly used for many times, and reduces the manufacturing cost of the component die.
(2) The front opening with the inner diameter of more than 500mm is designed, so that personnel can enter the interior of the die, and the die is convenient to disassemble, assemble and operate;
(3) the requirement for the gap between adjacent split modules of the split flange plate is provided, and the integral installation precision of the flange mechanism is ensured.
(4) The airtight system of the box structure forming die is simple in structure, low in material cost and high in reliability.
(5) According to the molding requirement of the composite material box body, the diameter of the composite material box body is generally more than 2 meters, and the maximum diameter can reach 9 meters, for the structure with the large diameter, the weight is mainly concentrated on the outer circle of the mold, and if the weight is too large, the requirement on molding equipment is too high, so that the manufacturing cost of the component is higher. Meanwhile, in the process of assembling and disassembling the die, manual operation is mainly used, the single-person carrying weight is generally not more than 30kg according to the requirement of the manual operation, even if hoisting assistance is adopted, the weight is not more than 100kg, otherwise, the hoisting split component is difficult to control and collide during dismantling, and even the product is damaged. Therefore, the weight of the die is necessarily controlled within a certain range, and the light composite material die is preferentially adopted for the box body with the larger diameter, so that the rigidity of the die split component is guaranteed, the die split component is convenient to disassemble and assemble, and the light high-strength metal die can be properly considered for the box body with the smaller diameter.
(6) The split module of the composite material box body mold has certain micro-deformation under the action of self gravity, and the deformation size is 3-5 mm. In addition, in the curing process, the die deforms under the influence of self weight, the deformation is transferred to the composite material box body, and the quality and subsequent outer cylinder cementing assembly are obviously influenced. In view of the above, at box mould internal design inner frame, through the flexible regulation support member length of screw thread, make mould surface and inner frame form the rigid support, adopt the mode of member preloading, offset the influence of self gravity and external pressure to mould surface deformation, solved the requirement of the high size precision of mould surface.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a composite box of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a forming mold of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the forming mold of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an inner frame in the forming mold according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a flange connecting mechanism in the forming mold according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the seal of the hermetic system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A is suitable for the shaping mould of the approximate closed non-lining composite material structural member, this mould is made up of dabber 1, flange attachment mechanism 2, front bottom split module assembly 3, barrel body split module assembly 4, rear bottom split module assembly 5, internal frame 6 and airtight system; the front bottom split module assembly 3, the barrel body split module assembly 4 and the rear bottom split module assembly 5 connect all split modules into a whole through internal connecting girders to form an inner shape surface supporting structure of the composite material structural member; the front bottom split module assembly 3 and the rear bottom split module assembly 5 are respectively connected with the flange connecting mechanism 2 by adopting countersunk bolts, and the middle area of the barrel body split module assembly 4, the middle parts of the front bottom split module assembly 3 and the rear bottom split module assembly 5 are respectively connected with the integral rigidity supporting frame by the internal frame 6; the two-end flange connecting mechanism 2 is connected and fixed on the mandrel 1. The internal airtight system consists of a front bottom split mold module 31, a cylinder section split mold module 41, a rear bottom split mold module 51, a box front bottom 8, a box rear bottom 9, a connecting truss airtight area and the like.
The front bottom split mold module 31, the cylinder section split mold module 41 and the rear bottom split mold module 51 are formed by connecting the front bottom split mold module 31, the cylinder section split mold module 41 and the rear bottom split mold module 51 through connecting girders (a front bottom longitudinal connecting girder 32, a cylinder body longitudinal connecting girder 42 and a rear bottom longitudinal connecting girder 52). The front bottom split module component 3 and the barrel body split module component 4 are connected into a whole in a countersunk bolt mode through the adjacent front bottom split module 31 and the barrel section split module 41 by adopting a front bottom transverse connecting truss 33.
The back bottom split module assembly 5 and the barrel body split module assembly 4 are connected into a whole in a countersunk bolt mode through the adjacent back bottom split module 51 and the barrel section split module 41 by adopting a back bottom transverse connecting truss 53, so that a profile split module assembly structure is formed. The gap between adjacent split modules is less than 0.2 mm.
The inner frame 6 is composed of a rigid support frame 61, a telescopic support rod 62, a telescopic connecting rod 63 and a connecting piece 64. Wherein the rigid support frame 61 is composed of a rigid semicircular arc 65 and a longitudinal connecting rod 66; one end of the telescopic supporting rod 62 is connected to the rigid supporting frame 61, and the other end is connected to the connecting piece 64; the telescopic connecting rods 63 connect circumferentially adjacent telescopic supporting rods 62 together; the connecting pieces 64 are installed inside the front bottom split mold module 31, the barrel section split mold module 41 and the rear bottom split mold module 51, more than 2 connecting pieces 64 are generally installed on the barrel section split mold module 41, and more than 1 connecting piece 64 is generally installed on the front bottom split mold module 31 and the barrel section split mold module 41. The telescopic length of the telescopic support rod 62 and the telescopic connecting rod 63 is more than 10mm, and the bearing capacity is not lower than 200 kg.
The flange connecting mechanism 2 is composed of a flange 21 and a split flange plate 22. The split flange plate 22 generally comprises more than 6 blocks, and the gap between adjacent split modules of the split flange plate 22 is less than 0.5 mm.
The airtight system comprises a front bottom split mold module 31, a cylinder section split mold module 41, a rear bottom split mold module 51, a box front bottom 8, a box rear bottom 9, a connecting truss airtight area (a front bottom longitudinal connecting truss 32, a cylinder longitudinal connecting truss 42, a rear bottom longitudinal connecting truss 52, a front bottom transverse connecting truss 33 and a rear bottom transverse connecting truss 53) and the like. When the front bottom split mold module 31, the cylinder section split mold module 41, the rear bottom split mold module 51, the box front bottom 8 and the box rear bottom 9 are manufactured, the air tightness of the components is ensured; connect the airtight region of purlin and adopt the mode of vacuum bag segmentation cladding to carry out airtight control, preceding end longitudinal connection purlin 32, stack shell longitudinal connection purlin 42, back end longitudinal connection purlin 52, preceding end transverse connection purlin 33 and back end transverse connection purlin 53 are peripheral to adopt the vacuum bag to be in preceding end split module subassembly 3 back end split module subassembly 5 with stack shell split module subassembly 4 inside carry out local airtight cladding, make the inside and outside airtight region that forms of mould. When the component is cured, the outer vacuum bag covers the exposed areas at the outer sides of the box body front bottom 8 and the box body rear bottom 9 when covering. In this way, an integral hermetic system is formed.
Taking a certain 2-meter diameter box body as an example, the diameter of the cylinder body of the box body is 2 meters, the length of the box body is 1.5 meters, the front bottom and the rear bottom are hemispheric, the radius of the box body is 1 meter, the front opening is 600mm, and the rear opening is 300 mm. The diameter of the mandrel is 250mm, and the length of the mandrel is 5 m; the diameter of the inner ring of the flange connecting mechanism 2 is 250mm, and the maximum outer diameter is 800 mm; the outer diameter front bottom split module component 3, the barrel body split module component 4 and the rear bottom split module component 5 adopt a composite material laminating structure, and the thickness is 10 mm; the rigid supporting frame 61 on the internal frame 6 has an outer diameter of 600mm and a length of 2 m; the outer diameters of the telescopic supporting rod 62 and the telescopic connecting rod 63 are 40mm, and the telescopic length is 15 mm.
After the die is installed, the die is installed on a main shaft of the equipment, the automatic laying technology is adopted for laying and forming, after forming is completed, the die is coated by a vacuum bag, and the outer side exposed areas of the front bottom 8 and the rear bottom 9 of the box body are coated by the outer vacuum bag. In this way, an integral hermetic system is formed. Curing under vacuum bagging conditions.
And after the solidification is finished, carrying out mould dismantling work.
Firstly, removing materials such as a vacuum bag and the like covered by the outer layer, and then carrying out mould dismantling work. Firstly, loosening the connection between the flange connection mechanism 2 and the mandrel 1, and taking out the mandrel 1; then the flange connecting mechanism 2 is dismantled; then, manually entering the interior of the mold, removing a sealing bag of an airtight system and the like, gradually removing the front bottom longitudinal connecting beam 32, the barrel body longitudinal connecting beam 42, the rear bottom longitudinal connecting beam 52, the front bottom transverse connecting beam 33 and the rear bottom transverse connecting beam 53 between the split molds, then removing the internal frame 6, the front bottom split module assembly 3, the barrel body split module assembly 4 and the rear bottom split module assembly 5 from one end, loosening the telescopic support rod 62 and the telescopic connecting rod 63, separating the telescopic support rod 62 and the telescopic connecting rod 63 from the connecting piece 64, and then sequentially removing the front bottom split module assembly 3, the barrel body split module assembly 4 and the rear bottom split module assembly 5 from the rigid support frame 61, the telescopic support rod 62 and the telescopic connecting rod 63. And cleaning the surface of the component until the mould is completely disassembled.
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Examples
As shown in FIG. 1, taking a 2m diameter box as an example, the diameter of the body of the box is 2m, the length is 1.5 m, the front bottom and the rear bottom are hemispheric, the radius is 1 m, the front opening is 600mm, and the rear opening is 300 mm. The diameter of the mandrel is 250mm, and the length of the mandrel is 5 m; the diameter of the inner ring of the flange connecting mechanism 2 is 250mm, and the maximum outer diameter is 800 mm; the outer diameter front bottom split module component 3, the barrel body split module component 4 and the rear bottom split module component 5 adopt a composite material laminating structure, and the thickness is 10 mm; the rigid supporting frame 61 on the internal frame 6 has an outer diameter of 600mm and a length of 2 m; the outer diameters of the telescopic supporting rod 62 and the telescopic connecting rod 63 are 40mm, and the telescopic length is 15 mm.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 6, a forming mold of a composite material box body with an approximate closed structure comprises a mandrel 1, two flange connection mechanisms 2, a front bottom split module assembly 3, a barrel body split module assembly 4, a rear bottom split module assembly 5, an internal frame 6 and an air-tight system; the airtight system comprises a sealing strip 71 and a vacuum bag 72;
the outer diameter of the mandrel 1 is matched with the inner diameter of the rear opening 91, and the mandrel 1 can penetrate through the front opening 81 and the rear opening 91;
the front bottom split module component 3 is fixedly connected with the mandrel 1 through one flange connecting mechanism 2, and the rear bottom split module component 5 is fixedly connected with the mandrel 1 through the other flange connecting mechanism 2;
as shown in fig. 5, the flange connection mechanism 2 includes a flange 21 and a split flange 22, the split flange 22 is a disc composed of more than 6 split modules, and the center of the disc has a through hole, the gap between adjacent split modules in the split flange 22 is less than 0.5mm, the split flange 22 is fixedly connected to the flange 21 by screws, and the flange 21 is located in the central through hole of the split flange 22;
the front bottom split module assembly 3 is used for forming and supporting the front bottom 8, the front bottom split module assembly 3 comprises more than six front bottom split module modules 31, more than six front bottom longitudinal connecting girders 32 and more than six front bottom transverse connecting girders 33, the inner surfaces of the adjacent front bottom split module modules 31 are sequentially connected and assembled by the front bottom longitudinal connecting girders 32 in a countersunk bolt connection mode to form the integral front bottom split module assembly 3, and the adjacent front bottom split module modules 31 are sealed by an airtight system; when sealing is carried out, the vacuum bag 72 covers the inner surface of the front bottom longitudinal connecting truss 32, and the edge of the vacuum bag 72 is connected with the inner surface of the front bottom split mold module 31 through the sealing strip 71;
the barrel body split module assembly 4 is used for forming and supporting the barrel body 10, the barrel body split module assembly 4 comprises more than six barrel body split module 41 and more than six barrel body longitudinal connecting girders 42, the inner surfaces of the adjacent barrel body split module 41 are sequentially connected and assembled by the barrel body longitudinal connecting girders 42 in a countersunk head bolt connection mode to form the integral barrel body split module assembly 4, and the adjacent barrel body split module 41 are sealed by an airtight system; when sealing is carried out, the vacuum bag 72 covers the inner surface of the cylinder longitudinal connecting truss 42, and the edge of the vacuum bag 72 is connected with the inner surface of the cylinder longitudinal connecting truss 42 through the sealing strip 71;
the rear bottom split module assembly 5 is used for forming and supporting the rear bottom 9, the rear bottom split module assembly 5 comprises more than six rear bottom split module modules 51, more than six rear bottom longitudinal connecting girders 52 and more than six rear bottom transverse connecting girders 53, the inner surfaces of the adjacent rear bottom split module modules 51 are sequentially connected and assembled by the rear bottom longitudinal connecting girders 52 in a countersunk bolt connection mode to form the integral front bottom split module assembly 5, and the adjacent rear bottom split module modules 51 are sealed by an airtight system; when sealing is carried out, the vacuum bag 72 covers the inner surface of the rear bottom longitudinal connecting truss 52, and the edge of the vacuum bag 72 is connected with the inner surface of the rear bottom longitudinal connecting truss 52 through the sealing strip 71;
the internal frame 6 is used for rigidly supporting the inside of the front bottom split module component 3, the inside of the barrel body split module component 4 and the inside of the rear bottom split module component 5;
the front bottom split module 31 in the front bottom split module assembly 3 and the barrel body split module 41 in the barrel body split module assembly 4 are sequentially connected into a whole by a front bottom transverse connecting truss 33 in a countersunk head bolt mode, namely the front bottom split module assembly 3 and the barrel body split module assembly 4 are fixedly connected; when the front bottom split module 31 in the front bottom split module assembly 3 is connected with the barrel body split module 41 in the barrel body split module assembly 4 by adopting the front bottom transverse connecting truss 33, the front bottom split module 31 and the barrel body split module 41 are in adjacent position relation; the adjacent front bottom split mold module 31 and the barrel body split mold module 41 are sealed through an airtight system; when sealing is carried out, the vacuum bag 72 covers the inner surface of the front bottom transverse connecting truss 33, and the edge of the vacuum bag 72 is connected with the inner surface of the front bottom split mold module 31 and the inner surface of the barrel body split mold module 41 through the sealing strip 71;
the rear bottom split module 51 in the rear bottom split module assembly 5 and the barrel body split module 41 in the barrel body split module assembly 4 are sequentially connected into a whole by a rear bottom transverse connecting truss 53 in a countersunk head bolt mode, namely the rear bottom split module assembly 5 and the barrel body split module assembly 4 are fixedly connected; when the rear bottom split module 51 in the rear bottom split module assembly 5 is connected with the barrel body split module 41 in the barrel body split module assembly 4 by the rear bottom transverse connecting truss 53, the rear bottom split module 51 and the barrel body split module 41 are in an adjacent position relation; the adjacent back bottom split mold module 51 and the barrel body split mold module 41 are sealed through an airtight system; when sealing is carried out, the vacuum bag 72 covers the inner surface of the rear bottom transverse connecting truss 53, and the edge of the vacuum bag 72 is connected with the inner surface of the rear bottom split mold module 51 and the inner surface of the barrel body split mold module 41 through the sealing strip 71;
after the front bottom split module assembly 3, the rear bottom split module assembly 5 and the barrel body split module assembly 4 are connected into a whole, the gap between the adjacent front bottom split module 31, the barrel section split module 41 and the rear bottom split module 51 is required to be less than 0.2 mm;
as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the inner frame 6 includes a rigid support frame 61, a telescopic support rod 62, a telescopic connecting rod 63 and a connecting member 64, the inner frame 6 is used to provide a support base for the rigid profile of the front bottom split module assembly 3, the barrel split module assembly 4 and the rear bottom split module assembly 5, wherein the rigid support frame 61 includes more than three pairs of rigid semi-circular rings 65 and longitudinal connecting rods 66, and each pair of rigid semi-circular rings 65 forms a circular ring;
each pair of rigid semicircular rings 65 form a circular ring, the circular rings are fixedly connected through a longitudinal connecting rod 66, one end of the telescopic supporting rod 62 is fixedly connected to the rigid semicircular rings 65, and the other end of the telescopic supporting rod 62 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting piece 64; the other end of the connecting piece 64 is fixedly connected to the inner walls of the front bottom split module component 3, the rear bottom split module component 5 or the barrel body split module component 4; adjacent connecting pieces 64 are connected in a reinforcing manner through telescopic connecting rods 63;
one end of the telescopic supporting rod 62 is connected to the rigid supporting frame 61, and the other end is connected to the connecting piece 64; the telescopic connecting rods 63 connect circumferentially adjacent telescopic supporting rods 62 together; the connecting pieces 64 are arranged inside the front bottom split mold module 31, the cylinder section split mold module 41 and the rear bottom split mold module 51, more than 2 connecting pieces 64 are generally arranged on the cylinder section split mold module 41, and more than 1 connecting piece 64 is generally arranged on the front bottom split mold module 31 and the cylinder section split mold module 41;
the telescopic length of the telescopic support rod 62 and the telescopic connecting rod 63 is more than 10mm, and the bearing capacity is not lower than 200 kg;
the front bottom split mold module 31, the barrel section split mold module 41, the rear bottom split mold module 51, the front bottom 8 and the rear bottom 9 meet the requirement of air tightness during manufacturing;
connect the airtight region of purlin and adopt sealing strip 71 and vacuum bag 72 segmentation cladding mode to carry out airtight control, preceding end longitudinal connection purlin 32, barrel longitudinal connection purlin 42, back end longitudinal connection purlin 52, preceding end transverse connection purlin 33 and back end transverse connection purlin 53 are peripheral to adopt vacuum bag 72 to be in preceding end split module subassembly 3 back end split module subassembly 5 with barrel split module subassembly 4 inside carry out local airtight cladding, make the inside and outside airtight region that forms of mould.
A method of forming a composite material tank of a near closed structure, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) the forming die is installed, and the specific method comprises the following steps: connecting a front bottom split module assembly 3 with a barrel body split module assembly 4 outside an inner frame 6, connecting the barrel body split module assembly 4 with a rear bottom split module assembly 5, sealing through an airtight system, then connecting two flange connecting mechanisms 2, and finally installing a mandrel 1 to obtain a forming die;
(2) sleeving a pre-formed front bottom 8 at one end of a mandrel 1, fixedly connecting the front bottom 8 with one flange connecting mechanism 2, sleeving a pre-formed rear bottom 9 at the other end of the mandrel 1, and fixedly connecting the rear bottom 9 with the other flange connecting mechanism 2;
(3) installing the product obtained in the step (2) on a main shaft of winding or laying equipment, carrying out laying forming by adopting a winding or automatic laying technology, coating the product by using a vacuum bag after forming is finished, and curing and forming the product in a vacuum bag pressing or autoclave;
(4) after the curing is finished, the die is disassembled, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
firstly, removing the vacuum bag coated by the outer layer;
secondly, loosening the connection between the two flange connecting mechanisms 2 and the mandrel 1, and taking out the mandrel 1;
thirdly, removing the two flange connecting mechanisms 2;
fourthly, manually entering the interior of the forming die, removing the airtight system, and sequentially detaching the front bottom longitudinal connecting girder 32, the barrel body longitudinal connecting girder 42, the rear bottom longitudinal connecting girder 52, the front bottom transverse connecting girder 33 and the rear bottom transverse connecting girder 53;
fifthly, the internal frame 6 starts to be dismantled, and the front bottom split mold module 31, the barrel body split mold module 41 and the rear bottom split mold module 51 are taken out, wherein the concrete method comprises the following steps: the telescopic support rod 62 and the telescopic connecting rod 63 are loosened and separated from the connecting piece 64, and then the rigid support frame 61, the telescopic support rod 62, the telescopic connecting rod 63, the front bottom split mold module 31, the barrel body split mold module 41 and the rear bottom split mold module 51 are removed in sequence, so that the mold is completely removed and the surface of the box body is cleaned.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a forming die of approximate enclosed construction combined material box which characterized in that: the forming die comprises a mandrel (1), two flange connecting mechanisms (2), a front bottom split module assembly (3), a barrel body split module assembly (4), a rear bottom split module assembly (5), an internal frame (6) and an airtight system;
the front bottom split module assembly (3) is fixedly connected with the mandrel (1) through one flange connecting mechanism (2), and the rear bottom split module assembly (5) is fixedly connected with the mandrel (1) through the other flange connecting mechanism (2);
the front bottom split module assembly (3) is used for forming and supporting a front bottom (8), the front bottom split module assembly (3) comprises more than six front bottom split module modules (31), more than six front bottom longitudinal connecting girders (32) and more than six front bottom transverse connecting girders (33), the inner surfaces of the adjacent front bottom split module modules (31) are connected through the front bottom longitudinal connecting girders (32), and the adjacent front bottom split module modules (31) are sealed through an airtight system;
the barrel body split module assembly (4) is used for forming and supporting the barrel body (10), the barrel body split module assembly (4) comprises more than six barrel body split module modules (41) and more than six barrel body longitudinal connecting girders (42), the inner surfaces of the adjacent barrel body split module modules (41) are connected through the barrel body longitudinal connecting girders (42), and the adjacent barrel body split module modules (41) are sealed through an airtight system;
the rear bottom split module assembly (5) is used for forming and supporting a rear bottom (9), the rear bottom split module assembly (5) comprises more than six rear bottom split module modules (51), more than six rear bottom longitudinal connecting girders (52) and more than six rear bottom transverse connecting girders (53), the inner surfaces of the adjacent rear bottom split module modules (51) are connected through the rear bottom longitudinal connecting girders (52), and the adjacent rear bottom split module modules (51) are sealed through an airtight system;
the inner frame (6) is used for rigidly supporting the inside of the front bottom split module assembly (3), the inside of the barrel body split module assembly (4) and the inside of the rear bottom split module assembly (5);
a front bottom split module (31) in the front bottom split module assembly (3) is connected with a barrel body split module (41) in the barrel body split module assembly (4) through a front bottom transverse connecting truss (33), and the adjacent front bottom split module (31) and the barrel body split module (41) are sealed through an airtight system;
a rear bottom split module (51) in the rear bottom split module assembly (5) is connected with a barrel body split module (41) in the barrel body split module assembly (4) through a rear bottom transverse connecting truss (53), and the adjacent rear bottom split module (51) and the barrel body split module (41) are sealed through an airtight system;
the composite material box body with the approximate closed structure comprises a front bottom (8), a barrel body (10) and a rear bottom (9), wherein an opening is formed in the center of the top end of the front bottom (8) and is called a front opening (81), an opening is formed in the center of the bottom end of the rear bottom (9) and is called a rear opening (91), the inner diameters of the front opening (81) and the rear opening (91) are different, the front opening (81) is large in size, the inner diameter of the front opening (81) is not smaller than 500mm, and the mandrel (1) can penetrate through the front opening (81) and the rear opening (91);
the inner frame (6) comprises a rigid supporting frame (61), a telescopic supporting rod (62), a telescopic connecting rod (63) and a connecting piece (64), wherein the rigid supporting frame (61) comprises more than three pairs of rigid semicircular rings (65) and longitudinal connecting rods (66), and each pair of rigid semicircular rings (65) form a circular ring;
each pair of rigid semicircular rings (65) form a circular ring, the circular rings are fixedly connected through a longitudinal connecting rod (66), one end of a telescopic supporting rod (62) is fixedly connected to the rigid semicircular rings (65), and the other end of the telescopic supporting rod (62) is fixedly connected to one end of a connecting piece (64); the other end of the connecting piece (64) is fixedly connected to the inner walls of the front bottom split module component (3), the rear bottom split module component (5) or the barrel body split module component (4); the adjacent connecting pieces (64) are connected in a reinforcing way through telescopic connecting rods (63).
2. The forming die for the composite material box body with the approximate closed structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the flange connecting mechanism (2) comprises a flange (21) and a split flange plate (22), and the split flange plate (22) is fixedly connected to the flange (21); the gap between adjacent split modules in the split flange plate (22) is less than 0.5 mm; after the front bottom split module assembly (3), the rear bottom split module assembly (5) and the barrel body split module assembly (4) are connected into a whole, the gap between each adjacent front bottom split module (31), barrel section split module (41) and rear bottom split module (51) is required to be less than 0.2 mm;
the airtight system comprises a sealing strip (71) and a vacuum bag (72);
when the adjacent front bottom split mold modules (31) are sealed through an airtight system, the vacuum bag (72) covers the inner surface of the front bottom longitudinal connecting truss (32), and the edge of the vacuum bag (72) is connected with the inner surface of the front bottom split mold module (31) through a sealing strip (71);
when the adjacent cylinder body split mold modules (41) are sealed through an airtight system, the vacuum bag (72) covers the inner surface of the cylinder body longitudinal connecting truss (42), and the edge of the vacuum bag (72) is connected with the inner surface of the cylinder body longitudinal connecting truss (42) through a sealing strip (71);
when the adjacent rear bottom split mold modules (51) are sealed through an airtight system, the vacuum bag (72) covers the inner surface of the rear bottom longitudinal connecting truss (52), and the edge of the vacuum bag (72) is connected with the inner surface of the rear bottom longitudinal connecting truss (52) through a sealing strip (71);
more than two connecting pieces (64) are arranged on the barrel body split mold module (41), and more than one connecting piece (64) are arranged on the front bottom split mold module (31) and the barrel section split mold module (41);
the telescopic length of the telescopic support rod (62) and the telescopic connecting rod (63) is more than 10mm, and the bearing capacity is not lower than 200 kg;
the front bottom split mold module (31), the cylinder section split mold module (41), the rear bottom split mold module (51), the front bottom (8) and the rear bottom (9) meet the air tightness requirement during manufacturing.
3. The forming die for the composite material box body with the approximate closed structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the front bottom split mold module (31), the barrel body split mold module (41) and the rear bottom split mold module (51) are made of composite materials, and the mass of the modules is not more than 30 kg.
4. A method of forming a composite tank body of approximate closed structure using the forming mold of the composite tank body of approximate closed structure of claim 1, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of:
(1) installing a forming die;
(2) sleeving a pre-formed front bottom (8) at one end of a central spindle (1) of the forming die obtained in the step (1), fixedly connecting the front bottom (8) with one flange connecting mechanism (2), sleeving a pre-formed rear bottom (9) at the other end of the central spindle (1) of the forming die obtained in the step (1), and fixedly connecting the rear bottom (9) with the other flange connecting mechanism (2);
(3) mounting the product obtained in the step (2) on a main shaft of winding or laying equipment, performing laying forming, and after forming, coating the product by using a vacuum bag and performing curing forming;
(4) and after the curing is finished, removing the die to obtain the composite material box body with the approximate closed structure.
5. The method for forming a composite material tank body with an approximate closed structure as claimed in claim 4, wherein: in the step (1), the specific method for installing the forming die comprises the following steps: inside frame (6) outside will be preceding end split module subassembly (3) and stack shell split module subassembly (4) be connected, with stack shell split module subassembly (4) and back end split module subassembly (5) be connected to seal through airtight system, later connect two flange joint mechanism (2), install dabber (1) at last, obtain forming die.
6. The method for forming a composite material tank body with an approximate closed structure as claimed in claim 4, wherein: in the step (4), the specific method for detaching the die comprises the following steps:
firstly, removing the vacuum bag coated by the outer layer;
secondly, loosening the connection between the two flange connecting mechanisms (2) and the mandrel (1), and taking out the mandrel (1);
thirdly, removing the two flange connecting mechanisms (2);
fourthly, manually entering the interior of the forming die, removing the airtight system, and sequentially detaching the front bottom longitudinal connecting truss (32), the barrel body longitudinal connecting truss (42), the rear bottom longitudinal connecting truss (52), the front bottom transverse connecting truss (33) and the rear bottom transverse connecting truss (53);
fifthly, the internal frame (6) is removed, and the front bottom split mold module (31), the barrel body split mold module (41) and the rear bottom split mold module (51) are taken out, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the telescopic support rod (62) and the telescopic connecting rod (63) are loosened and separated from the connecting piece (64), then the rigid support frame (61), the telescopic support rod (62), the telescopic connecting rod (63), the front bottom split mold module (31), the barrel body split mold module (41) and the rear bottom split mold module (51) are removed in sequence, and the mold is removed to the end, the surface of the box body is cleaned, and the composite material box body with the approximate closed structure is obtained.
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| CN111016223A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-04-17 | 北京宇航系统工程研究所 | Detachable combined tool for manufacturing lining-free composite material storage box |
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