CN109174471B - Self-cleaning backwater treatment method - Google Patents
Self-cleaning backwater treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109174471B CN109174471B CN201810989749.1A CN201810989749A CN109174471B CN 109174471 B CN109174471 B CN 109174471B CN 201810989749 A CN201810989749 A CN 201810989749A CN 109174471 B CN109174471 B CN 109174471B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/02—Froth-flotation processes
- B03D1/025—Froth-flotation processes adapted for the flotation of fines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/08—Subsequent treatment of concentrated product
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/12—Agent recovery
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-cleaning backwater treatment method, which takes tailing water obtained by the flotation of the last target mineral as initial backwater, mixes the initial backwater with ore pulp to be subjected to the flotation of the last target mineral, and then dehydrates the mixed ore pulp to obtain overflow water and dehydrated ore pulp; taking the dewatered pulp as the pulp for flotation of the last target mineral; and returning the overflow water as backwater to the raw ore pulp. The invention not only can effectively reduce the medicament content in the backwater which influences the flotation of the target mineral which floats upwards firstly, avoids the adverse influence of the ore pulp made of backwater on the flotation of the target mineral which floats upwards firstly, but also can greatly reduce the cost, save energy, reduce consumption, shorten the flotation time and improve the flotation recovery rate and the medicament utilization rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mineral flotation backwater treatment, in particular to a self-cleaning backwater treatment method.
Background
In order to avoid the outward discharge of the mineral processing wastewater and realize the effective utilization of water resources, most tailing water of mineral flotation can be recycled into a mineral flotation system as return water, so that the flotation effect can be directly influenced by the quality of the return water quality.
For ores containing various recoverable minerals, the process of mineral flotation is a process for gradually separating various target minerals, so that the flotation process of a circulation section of a multi-target mineral separation flotation system can be divided into three parts, namely first-section flotation, middle-section flotation and last-section flotation, wherein the first-section flotation refers to the flotation of the target minerals floating first after raw ores are ground into raw ore pulp, the last-section flotation refers to the flotation of the last target minerals in a circulation section, the middle-section flotation refers to the flotation of the target minerals left except the first-section flotation and the last-section flotation, the middle-section flotation is not an essential flotation process, and the flotation process of some multi-target mineral separation flotation systems only has two parts, namely the first-section flotation and the last-section flotation. For example: in the preferential flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ores, lead minerals are the first floating target minerals, sulfur minerals are the last target minerals, so that the lead mineral flotation is the first-stage flotation, the sulfur mineral flotation is the last-stage flotation, and the zinc mineral flotation is the flotation of the remaining target minerals except the first-stage flotation and the last-stage flotation, namely the middle-stage flotation; in the preferential flotation of the copper-lead-zinc sulfide ore, the copper mineral is the first floating target mineral, and the sulfur mineral is the last target mineral, so that the copper mineral flotation is the first-stage flotation, the sulfur mineral flotation is the last-stage flotation, and the lead mineral flotation and the zinc mineral flotation are the flotation of the residual target minerals except the first-stage flotation and the last-stage flotation, namely the middle-stage flotation; in the mixed flotation of the copper-lead-zinc sulfide ore, the copper-lead mixed mineral is the first floating target mineral, and the sulfur mineral is the last target mineral, so the copper-lead mixed flotation is the first-stage flotation, the sulfur mineral flotation is the last-stage flotation, and the zinc mineral flotation is the flotation of the residual target minerals except the first-stage flotation and the last-stage flotation, namely the middle-stage flotation; in the preferential flotation of the molybdenite, the molybdenite is the target mineral which floats upwards firstly, and the scheelite is the last target mineral, so the molybdenite flotation is the first-stage flotation, the scheelite flotation is the last-stage flotation, and no target mineral is left except for the first-stage flotation and the last-stage flotation, namely, no middle-stage flotation is available.
At present, as shown in fig. 1, in an integrated multi-target mineral separation flotation system in the prior art, after raw ore is ground into raw ore pulp, flotation of target minerals floating first (i.e. first-stage flotation) is performed, the target minerals floating first are separated, and then flotation of the remaining target minerals is performed (i.e. middle-stage flotation) until flotation of the last target minerals (i.e. last-stage flotation) is performed to obtain tailing water, and the tailing water is returned to the grinding process or the flotation of the target minerals floating first as return water (often, the concentrate water of the last target minerals is also used as return water together with the tailing water), so that the water quality of the return water directly affects the flotation effect of the first-stage flotation. Since the collectors used for the flotation of the last target mineral (which remain more or less in the tailing water) adversely affect the flotation separation of the first floating target mineral from the rest of the minerals, if the tailing water is returned to the grinding process or the first stage flotation without any treatment as return water, the first stage flotation is adversely affected, which seriously degrades the concentrate grade of the separated first stage foam product and increases the impurity content thereof, thereby degrading the product quality and the recovery of each metal and deteriorating the whole flotation process.
In order to eliminate substances which are unfavorable for the flotation of the target minerals floating firstly in the backwater, as shown in fig. 2, in the prior art, the backwater is generally sent to a sewage treatment station for treatment, and the backwater is subjected to coagulation and precipitation in the sewage treatment station, so that harmful metal ions and suspended matters in the backwater are removed, and then organic matters are removed by methods such as a physical chemical treatment technology, an oxidation treatment technology, a catalytic oxidation treatment technology, a biological treatment technology, a biochemical treatment technology and the like, so that the backwater can not generate adverse effects on the flotation of the target minerals floating firstly; however, this treatment method in the prior art is expensive.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a self-cleaning backwater treatment method, which not only can effectively reduce the medicament content in backwater, which influences the flotation of the target mineral which floats upwards firstly, and avoid the adverse influence of ore pulp prepared from backwater on the flotation of the target mineral which floats upwards firstly, but also can greatly reduce the cost, save energy, reduce consumption, shorten the flotation time, and improve the flotation recovery rate and the medicament utilization rate.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a self-cleaning backwater treatment method comprises the following steps: taking tailing water obtained by the flotation of the last target mineral as initial backwater, mixing the initial backwater with ore pulp to be subjected to the flotation of the last target mineral, and then dehydrating the mixed ore pulp to obtain overflow water and dehydrated ore pulp; taking the dewatered pulp as the pulp for flotation of the last target mineral; and returning the overflow water as return water to the raw ore pulp, and also serving as the return water as washing water.
Preferably, the pulp to be subjected to the last mineral flotation of interest is classified according to size, so as to obtain a coarse pulp and a fine pulp; mixing the initial backwater with the coarse-grained ore pulp, and then dehydrating the mixed ore pulp to obtain overflow water and dehydrated coarse-grained ore pulp; mixing fine ore pulp and the dehydrated coarse ore pulp to obtain ore pulp for performing flotation on the last target mineral; and returning the overflow water as backwater to the raw ore pulp.
Preferably, the coarse-grained ore pulp is added with a regulator for size mixing and stirring, then is mixed with the initial backwater, and then is dewatered, so that overflow water and dewatered coarse-grained ore pulp are obtained.
Preferably, the fine ore pulp is mixed with the dewatered coarse ore pulp to form the final ore pulp for flotation of the target mineral.
Preferably, the overflow water is subjected to coagulating sedimentation treatment and then returned to the raw ore pulp as return water.
Preferably, the tailing water obtained by the flotation of the last target mineral and the fine target mineral water are used as initial backwater together. Preferably, the dehydration is thickening treatment by a thickener.
A flotation method adopts the self-cleaning backwater treatment method.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided by the invention utilizes the adsorption characteristic of the minerals, takes the tailing water obtained by the flotation of the last target mineral as the initial backwater, mixes the tailing water with the pulp to be subjected to the flotation of the last target mineral, and has high adsorption capacity on the collecting agent for the flotation of the last target mineral, which is remained in the initial backwater, in the pulp to be subjected to the flotation of the last target mineral because the collecting agent for the flotation of the last target mineral is not added in the pulp to be subjected to the flotation of the last target mineral, so that the collecting agent for the flotation of the last target mineral, which is remained in the initial backwater, can be effectively adsorbed, and the content of the collecting agent for the flotation of the last target mineral in the overflow water obtained by dehydration treatment can be greatly reduced, the influence of the adverse collecting agent brought by the backwater on the first-stage flotation is reduced, the separation efficiency of the first-stage flotation is improved, the medicament utilization rate for the flotation of the last target mineral is improved, and the using amount of the collecting agent in the flotation of the last target mineral can be reduced. The invention not only can effectively reduce the medicament content in the backwater which influences the flotation of the target mineral which floats upwards firstly, avoids the adverse influence of the ore pulp made of backwater on the flotation of the target mineral which floats upwards firstly, but also can greatly reduce the cost, save energy, reduce consumption, shorten the flotation time and improve the flotation recovery rate and the medicament utilization rate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle flow of a complete mineral separation flotation system for multiple purposes under untreated backwater conditions in the prior art.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle flow of a complete backwater flotation system for mineral separation under the conditions of coagulating sedimentation and organic matter removal in the prior art.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a principle flow of a self-cleaning backwater treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle flow of a self-cleaning backwater treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a flotation process for performing preferential flotation on lead-zinc sulfide ores in the prior art.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a flotation process flow II for performing preferential flotation on lead-zinc sulfide ores in the prior art.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a flotation process in which the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention is applied to a preferential flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ores.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a flotation process in which the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention is applied to the preferential flotation of lead-zinc sulfide ores.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a flotation process in which the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided in embodiment 3 of the present invention is applied to a preferential flotation of copper-lead-zinc sulfide ores.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a flotation process in which the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided in embodiment 4 of the present invention is applied to a preferential flotation of copper-lead-zinc sulfide ores.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of a flotation process in which the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided in embodiment 5 of the present invention is applied to copper-lead-zinc sulfide ore through floatable flotation such as copper-lead flotation.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a flotation process in which the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided in embodiment 6 of the present invention is applied to copper-lead-zinc sulfide ore through floatable flotation such as copper-lead flotation.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of a flotation process in which the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided in embodiment 7 of the present invention is applied to copper-lead mixed flotation of copper-lead-zinc sulfide ores.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view of a flotation process in which the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided in embodiment 8 of the present invention is applied to copper-lead mixed flotation of copper-lead-zinc sulfide ores.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view of a flotation process in which the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided in embodiment 9 of the present invention is applied to a preferential flotation of lead-zinc-sulfur-fluorite ores.
Fig. 16 is a schematic view of a flotation process in which the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided in embodiment 10 of the present invention is applied to the preferential flotation of lead-zinc-sulfur-barite ores.
Fig. 17 is a schematic view of a flotation process in which the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided in embodiment 11 of the present invention is applied to a preferential flotation of tungsten and molybdenum ores.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The following describes the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided by the invention in detail. Details which are not described in detail in the embodiments of the invention belong to the prior art which is known to the person skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a self-cleaning backwater treatment method includes: taking tailing water obtained by the flotation of the last target mineral as initial backwater, mixing the initial backwater with ore pulp to be subjected to the flotation of the last target mineral, and then dehydrating the mixed ore pulp to obtain overflow water and dehydrated ore pulp; taking the dewatered pulp as the pulp for flotation of the last target mineral; the overflow water is returned as return water to raw ore pulp (for multi-purpose mineral separation flotation with an ore grinding process, the raw ore pulp may be ore pulp in the ore grinding process, and for multi-purpose mineral separation flotation without an ore grinding process, the raw ore pulp may be ore pulp prepared for flotation of the target mineral floating first), and the overflow water may be used as return water as washing water (for example, the overflow water may be returned as return water to the first stage flotation for use as washing water).
Specifically, the self-cleaning backwater treatment method may include the following specific embodiments:
(1) the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided by the invention is suitable for a flotation process simultaneously meeting the following conditions: a flotation process of ore containing various recoverable minerals; secondly, return water generated by the flotation of the last target mineral needs to be returned to the original ore pulp, and the return water can have adverse effect on the flotation of the target mineral floating upwards firstly. For example: the self-cleaning backwater treatment method can be used for treating backwater generated in the flotation process of complex multi-metal sulfide ores such as copper-sulfur ores, copper-lead-zinc sulfide ores, gold-silver-copper-lead-zinc sulfide ores or gold-silver-copper-lead-zinc-sulfur-iron-manganese ores, and the self-cleaning backwater treatment method can be used for treating backwater generated in the flotation process of complex sulfide oxide ores or sulfide non-metal ores such as gold-silver-copper-lead-zinc barite ores, gold-silver-sulfur barite ores, gold-silver-copper-lead-zinc fluorite ores, molybdenum-tungsten ores and lead-zinc-tin-antimony ores. In addition, the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided by the invention is also suitable for the separation flotation process of the non-metal ores which need to adopt different collectors for the first-stage flotation and the last-stage flotation.
(2) The initial backwater can only adopt tailing water obtained by the flotation of the last target mineral, or can jointly use tailing water obtained by the flotation of the last target mineral and fine mineral water of the last target mineral as the initial backwater; and the concentrate water obtained by the target mineral flotation in the first-stage flotation and the middle-stage flotation can be treated according to the prior art, and can also be mixed with the initial return water for treatment.
(3) For a plurality of target mineral separation flotation systems with middle-stage flotation, as the flotation process comprises three parts of first-stage flotation, middle-stage flotation and last-stage flotation, the ore pulp to be subjected to the last target mineral flotation is the bottom flow product of the flotation machine finally obtained by the middle-stage flotation (namely tail ore pulp obtained by the middle-stage flotation); for a plurality of target mineral separation flotation systems without middle section flotation, the flotation process only comprises two parts of first section flotation and last section flotation, and no middle section flotation, so that the ore pulp to be subjected to the last target mineral flotation is the bottom flow product of the flotation machine finally obtained by the first section flotation (namely tail ore pulp obtained by the first section flotation). In the prior art, the ore slurry to be subjected to the flotation of the last mineral of interest is subjected directly to the flotation of the last mineral of interest. The self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided by the invention mixes the ore pulp to be subjected to the final target mineral flotation with the initial backwater, then dehydrates the mixed ore pulp to obtain overflow water and dehydrated ore pulp, and performs the final target mineral flotation by taking the dehydrated ore pulp as the ore pulp subjected to the final target mineral flotation; for example: as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the final underflow product of the flotation machine obtained by the middle-stage flotation is the ore pulp to be subjected to the final target mineral flotation, the initial backwater is mixed with the final underflow product of the flotation machine obtained by the middle-stage flotation, the mixed ore pulp is dewatered to obtain overflow water and dewatered ore pulp, the dewatered ore pulp is used as the ore pulp for performing the final target mineral flotation to perform the final target mineral flotation, and the overflow water is directly returned to the raw ore pulp in the ore grinding process as the backwater or is returned to the raw ore pulp in the ore grinding process after coagulation and precipitation. In practical application, the ore pulp to be subjected to the final target mineral flotation can be directly mixed with the initial backwater, or can be subjected to thickening and size mixing and then mixed with the initial backwater.
(4) The dehydration can be realized by adopting a thickener in the prior art to perform thickening treatment.
(5) The overflow water can be directly returned to the ore grinding process as return water for preparing raw ore pulp, and/or directly returned to the first-stage flotation process as return water for use as washing water (as shown in figure 4), or subjected to coagulating sedimentation treatment first, and then returned to the ore grinding process as return water for use in preparing raw ore pulp, and/or returned to the first-stage flotation process for use as washing water (as shown in figure 3), so that the removal effect on harmful metal ions and suspended matters in the return water can be effectively improved.
(6) In the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided by the invention, the ore pulp to be subjected to the last target mineral flotation can be classified according to the particle size, so that coarse ore pulp and fine ore pulp are obtained; it is common in industry to determine the classification size (e.g. classification size of 0.037mm can be determined) based on ore properties and to classify with cyclones settling sand as a coarse slurry and overflow as a fine slurry. Mixing the initial backwater with the coarse-grained ore pulp, and then dehydrating the mixed ore pulp to obtain overflow water and dehydrated coarse-grained ore pulp; mixing the fine ore pulp and the dewatered coarse ore pulp to obtain ore pulp for performing flotation on the last target mineral; and returning the overflow water as backwater to the raw ore pulp. The 'grading-mixing-dewatering' process not only can effectively reduce the content of organic matters influencing multi-metal separation in return water, but also can effectively reduce the burden of mixing and dewatering and shorten the time of mixing and dewatering, thereby being very suitable for the condition that the mud content in the ore pulp to be subjected to the last target mineral flotation is higher. In practical application, the coarse-grained ore pulp is preferably added with the regulator for size mixing and stirring, then mixed with the initial backwater, and then the mixed ore pulp is dewatered, so that overflow water and dewatered coarse-grained ore pulp are obtained, the removal effect of harmful organic matters in the backwater can be further improved, and the removal efficiency is improved. The fine ore pulp is preferably subjected to size mixing and stirring, and then is mixed with the dehydrated coarse ore pulp to be used as the ore pulp for the flotation of the last target mineral, so that the flotation effect of the last target mineral can be improved, and the flotation recovery rate and the medicament utilization rate are improved.
Further, in the prior art, the collector for the flotation of the last target mineral is designed for the last target mineral, which has an adverse effect on the separation and flotation of the first floating target mineral, if the tailing water containing the collector is directly returned to the grinding process and the first stage flotation as return water without any treatment, the collector also floats the last target mineral in the pulp into the first floating target mineral concentrate, which reduces the grade of the first floating target mineral concentrate, and also affects the separation between the target mineral and other target minerals and the separation between the target mineral and gangue minerals, so that when the tailing water obtained by the flotation of the last target mineral is used as return water, the collector for the flotation of the last target mineral in the return water needs to be removed first, and returning the ore pulp to the grinding process or the primary flotation. The self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided by the invention utilizes the adsorption characteristic of the minerals, takes the tailing water obtained by the flotation of the last target mineral as the initial backwater, and mixes the initial backwater with the pulp to be subjected to the flotation of the last target mineral, and because the collecting agent for the flotation of the last target mineral is not added in the pulp to be subjected to the flotation of the last target mineral, the collecting agent for the flotation of the last target mineral, which is remained in the initial backwater, has high adsorption capacity for the last target mineral, and can effectively adsorb the collecting agent for the flotation of the last target mineral, which is remained in the initial backwater, so that the content of the collecting agent for the flotation of the last target mineral in the overflow water obtained by dehydration treatment is greatly reduced, and the influence of the unfavorable collecting agent on the first-stage flotation caused by backwater is reduced, the separation efficiency of the first-stage flotation is improved, the medicament utilization rate for the flotation of the last target mineral is improved, and the using amount of the collecting agent in the flotation of the last target mineral can be reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided by the invention at least has the following advantages:
(1) the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided by the invention utilizes the adsorption characteristic of the minerals, takes the tailing water obtained by the flotation of the last target mineral as the initial backwater, and mixes the initial backwater with the ore pulp to be subjected to the flotation of the last target mineral, and because the collecting agent for the flotation of the last target mineral is not added in the ore pulp to be subjected to the flotation of the last target mineral, the collecting agent for the flotation of the last target mineral, which is remained in the initial backwater, can be efficiently adsorbed by the last target mineral in the ore pulp to be subjected to the flotation of the last target mineral, so that backwater treatment processes such as a physical chemical treatment technology, an oxidation treatment technology, a catalytic oxidation treatment technology, a biological treatment technology, a biochemical treatment technology and the like in the prior art can be cancelled, and the backwater treatment cost is greatly reduced.
(2) Because the initial backwater and the ore pulp to be subjected to the final target mineral flotation are mixed and then are subjected to dehydration treatment, the last target mineral which adsorbs the residual collecting agent in the initial backwater enters the dehydrated coarse-grain ore pulp and is subjected to the final target mineral flotation, and the collecting agent for the last target mineral needs to be added for flotation in the final target mineral flotation, so that the use amount of the collecting agent in the final target mineral flotation can be greatly reduced, the utilization rate of the collecting agent for the last target mineral is improved, and the total reagent cost is reduced.
(3) When the initial backwater is mixed with the ore pulp to be subjected to the last target mineral flotation, the last target mineral in the ore pulp to be subjected to the last target mineral flotation already adsorbs the collecting agent for the last target mineral, so that the flotation recovery rate is improved, the flotation time is shortened, and the energy is saved and the consumption is reduced.
In conclusion, the embodiment of the invention can effectively reduce the medicament content in the backwater, which influences the flotation of the target mineral floating firstly, and avoid the adverse influence of the ore pulp prepared from the backwater on the flotation of the target mineral floating firstly, and can greatly reduce the cost, save energy, reduce consumption, shorten the flotation time, and improve the flotation recovery rate and the medicament utilization rate.
In order to more clearly show the technical scheme and the technical effects provided by the present invention, the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with specific embodiments below.
Comparative example 1
As shown in fig. 5, a mineral flotation method in the prior art is used for performing preferential flotation on lead-zinc sulfide ores, and valuable elements are lead, zinc and sulfur, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
and step A1, grinding the raw ore of the lead-zinc sulfide ore to obtain the lead-zinc-sulfur raw ore pulp.
And A2, performing lead flotation on the lead-zinc-sulfur raw ore pulp to obtain lead concentrate pulp and lead tailing pulp.
And a step A3 of dehydrating the lead concentrate slurry to obtain lead concentrate and lead concentrate water.
And A4, performing zinc flotation on the lead tailing slurry to obtain zinc concentrate slurry and zinc tailing slurry.
And a step A5 of dehydrating the zinc concentrate slurry to obtain zinc concentrate and zinc concentrate water.
And A6, carrying out sulfur flotation on the zinc tailing slurry to obtain sulfur concentrate slurry and sulfur tailing slurry.
And a step A7 of dehydrating the sulfur concentrate slurry to obtain sulfur concentrate and sulfur concentrate water.
And step A8, dewatering the sulfur tailing pulp to obtain tailings and sulfur tailing water.
Step A9, taking the lead concentrate, zinc concentrate, sulfur concentrate and sulfur tailing as backwater, and carrying out coagulating sedimentation and organic matter removal treatment to obtain treated backwater; and (3) sending the treated return water into a high-level water tank for returning to the ore grinding process to prepare the lead-zinc-sulfur raw ore pulp, and also serving as lead flotation washing water.
Specifically, in comparative example 1, the lead flotation of step a2 was the flotation of the first floating target mineral (i.e., first stage flotation), the zinc flotation of step a4 was the flotation of the remaining target mineral (i.e., middle stage flotation), the sulfur flotation of step a6 was the flotation of the last target mineral (i.e., last stage flotation), and step a9 was the treatment step of returning the return water to the raw ore slurry of lead-zinc-sulfur ore.
Comparative example 2
As shown in fig. 6, a mineral flotation method in the prior art is used for performing preferential flotation on lead-zinc sulfide ores, and valuable elements are lead, zinc and sulfur, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
and step B1, grinding the raw ore of the lead-zinc sulfide ore to obtain the lead-zinc-sulfur raw ore pulp.
And step B2, performing lead flotation on the lead-zinc-sulfur raw ore pulp to obtain lead concentrate pulp and lead tailing pulp.
And a step B3 of dehydrating the lead concentrate slurry to obtain lead concentrate and lead concentrate water.
And step B4, performing zinc flotation on the lead tailing slurry to obtain zinc concentrate slurry and zinc tailing slurry.
And a step B5 of dehydrating the zinc concentrate slurry to obtain zinc concentrate and zinc concentrate water.
And step B6, performing thickening treatment on the zinc tailing slurry to obtain zinc tailing overflow water and thickened zinc tailing slurry.
And step B7, carrying out sulfur flotation on the concentrated zinc tailing pulp to obtain sulfur concentrate pulp and sulfur tailing pulp.
And a step B8 of dehydrating the sulfur concentrate slurry to obtain sulfur concentrate and sulfur concentrate water.
And step B9, performing dehydration treatment on the sulfur overflow water to obtain tailings and sulfur concentrate water.
And a step B10 of returning the zinc tail overflow water to the zinc flotation.
And a step B11 of returning a part of the sulfur tailing water to the sulfur flotation.
Step B12, taking the lead overflow water, the zinc overflow water, the sulfur overflow water and the residual sulfur tail overflow water as return water, and performing coagulating sedimentation and organic matter removal treatment to obtain treated return water; and (3) sending the treated return water into a high-level water tank for returning to the ore grinding process to prepare the lead-zinc-sulfur raw ore pulp, and also serving as lead flotation washing water.
Specifically, in comparative example 2, the lead flotation of step B2 was the flotation of the first floating target mineral (i.e., first stage flotation), the zinc flotation of step B4 was the flotation of the remaining target mineral (i.e., middle stage flotation), the sulfur flotation of step B7 was the flotation of the last target mineral (i.e., last stage flotation), and step B12 was the treatment step of returning the return water to the raw ore slurry of lead-zinc-sulfur ore.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 7, a mineral flotation method, which adopts the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided by the present invention, is used for performing preferential flotation on lead-zinc sulfide ores, and valuable elements are lead, zinc and sulfur, and the method specifically includes the following steps:
and step C1, grinding the raw ore of the lead-zinc sulfide ore to obtain the lead-zinc-sulfur raw ore pulp.
And C2, performing lead flotation on the lead-zinc-sulfur raw ore pulp to obtain lead concentrate pulp and lead tailing pulp.
And C3, performing zinc flotation on the lead tailing slurry to obtain zinc concentrate slurry and zinc tailing slurry.
And C4, adding a regulator into the zinc tailing pulp for size mixing and stirring, mixing with initial backwater, and dehydrating the mixed pulp to obtain overflow water and dehydrated zinc tailing pulp. Wherein the initial backwater comprises sulfur concentrate water and sulfur tailing water.
And C5, adding a sulfur-selecting mineral collecting agent into the dewatered zinc tailing pulp, and performing sulfur flotation to obtain sulfur concentrate pulp and sulfur tailing pulp.
And C6, performing thickening treatment on the sulfur concentrate ore pulp to obtain sulfur concentrate and sulfur concentrate water.
And C7, thickening the sulfur tailing slurry to obtain sulfur tailing water and tailings.
Step C8, performing coagulating sedimentation on the overflow water to obtain clean return water; the clean return water is sent to a high-level water tank to be returned to the lead-zinc-sulfur raw ore pulp in the ore grinding process of the process C1, and can also be returned to the lead flotation process of the process C2 to be used as washing water.
Specifically, in example 1 of the present invention, the lead flotation of the process C2 was the flotation of the first floating target mineral (i.e., first stage flotation), the zinc flotation of the process C3 was the flotation of the remaining target mineral in addition to the first stage flotation and last stage flotation (i.e., middle stage flotation), and the sulfur flotation of the process C5 was the flotation of the last target mineral (i.e., last stage flotation); the lead concentrate pulp and the zinc concentrate pulp are both treated according to the prior art, and the zinc tailing pulp is the pulp to be subjected to the last objective mineral flotation; the procedure C4 adopts a 'mixing-dewatering' scheme to treat the return water, and then returns the return water to the lead-zinc-sulfur raw ore pulp through the procedure C8, the coagulating sedimentation in the procedure C8 is an optional procedure, and the overflow water can be directly returned to the lead-zinc-sulfur raw ore pulp without coagulating sedimentation.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 8, a mineral flotation method, which adopts the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided by the present invention, is used for performing preferential flotation on lead-zinc sulfide ores, and valuable elements are lead, zinc and sulfur, and the method specifically includes the following steps:
and D1, grinding the raw ore of the lead-zinc sulfide ore to obtain the lead-zinc-sulfur raw ore pulp.
And D2, performing lead flotation on the lead-zinc-sulfur raw ore pulp to obtain lead concentrate pulp and lead tailing pulp.
And D3, performing zinc flotation on the lead tailing pulp to obtain zinc concentrate pulp and zinc tailing pulp.
And D4, classifying the zinc tailing pulp according to the granularity, thereby obtaining coarse-grain pulp and fine-grain pulp.
And D5, adding a regulator into the coarse-grain ore pulp for size mixing and stirring, mixing with initial backwater, and dehydrating the mixed ore pulp to obtain overflow water and dehydrated coarse-grain ore pulp. Wherein the initial backwater comprises sulfur concentrate water and sulfur tailing water.
And D6, mixing and stirring the fine ore pulp, mixing the fine ore pulp with the dehydrated coarse ore pulp, adding a sulfur collecting agent, and performing sulfur flotation to obtain sulfur concentrate pulp and sulfur tailing pulp.
And D7, dewatering the sulfur concentrate ore pulp to obtain sulfur concentrate and sulfur concentrate water.
And D8, dehydrating the sulfur tailing slurry to obtain sulfur tailing water and tailings.
Step D9, performing coagulating sedimentation on the overflow water to obtain clean return water; the clean return water is sent to a high-level water tank to be returned to the lead-zinc-sulfur raw ore pulp in the ore grinding process of the process D1, and can also be returned to the lead flotation process of the process D2 to be used as washing water.
Specifically, in example 2 of the present invention, the lead flotation of the process D2 was the flotation of the first floating target mineral (i.e., first stage flotation), the zinc flotation of the process D3 was the flotation of the remaining target mineral in addition to the first stage flotation and last stage flotation (i.e., middle stage flotation), and the sulfur flotation of the process D6 was the flotation of the last target mineral (i.e., last stage flotation); the lead concentrate pulp and the zinc concentrate pulp are both treated according to the prior art, and the zinc tailing pulp is the pulp to be subjected to the last objective mineral flotation; the procedure D4 and procedure D5 adopt a 'grading-mixing-dewatering' scheme to treat the return water, and then the return water is returned to the lead-zinc-sulfur raw ore pulp through the procedure D9, the coagulating sedimentation in the procedure D9 is an optional procedure, and the overflow water can be directly returned to the lead-zinc-sulfur raw ore pulp without coagulating sedimentation.
Performance detection
The following property tests were performed for the above comparative example 1, comparative example 2, inventive example 1 and inventive example 2:
(1) in the prior art, xanthate is usually added in sulfur flotation as a sulfur flotation collector. If the return water in the procedure A9 is not treated by coagulating sedimentation and organic matter removal when the above comparative example 1 is implemented, but the return water is directly sent into a high-level water tank and returned to the ore grinding procedure to prepare the lead-zinc-sulfur raw ore pulp, the lead-zinc-sulfur raw ore pulp prepared by the return water contains a large amount of sulfur-selecting collecting agent xanthate, so that the lead flotation is greatly adversely affected, namely, the xanthate which affects the lead-zinc separation flotation in the lead-zinc-sulfur flotation engineering is mainly used. The effect of xanthate content in the ore pulp on mineral flotation can be detected through experiments as shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1: when the content of xanthate in the return water returned to the raw ore pulp of the lead-zinc-sulfur ore exceeds 5mg/L, the content of zinc and sulfur in the lead concentrate shows a trend of increasing; when the content of xanthate in the backwater returned to the raw ore pulp of the lead-zinc-sulfur ore reaches 10mg/L, the loss of zinc in the lead concentrate is increased by 3 percent, and meanwhile, the lead grade is reduced by 6.74 percent due to the increase of the sulfur content, and is reduced to 42.80 percent from 49.54 percent, so that the impurity content of the lead concentrate is increased, and the backwater can be returned for use after being purified.
(2) The comparative examples 1 and 2 are common backwater treatment processes in the prior art, and part or all of backwater must be subjected to coagulating sedimentation treatment to remove heavy metal ions and suspended matters, and then organic matters are removed by adopting an oxidation method or an activated carbon adsorption method and the like, and then the backwater can be returned for use.
(3) In the lead-zinc-sulfur flotation process, xanthate is mainly used for influencing lead-zinc separation flotation, and the content of the xanthate in tailing water is generally less than 50 mg/L. The embodiment 1 of the invention adopts the technical scheme of mixing-dehydrating provided by the invention, and the embodiment 2 of the invention adopts the technical scheme of grading-mixing-dehydrating provided by the invention; example 2 of the invention is more favourable to dewatering than example 1 of the invention. In the process of implementing the embodiment 1 of the present invention, after the initial return water is mixed with the zinc tailing slurry with the concentration of 60%, the adsorption effect on xanthate in the initial return water is shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2
As can be seen from table 2: after the initial backwater is mixed with the zinc tailing slurry with the concentration of 60%, most of xanthate in the initial backwater can be adsorbed even if the concentration of the mixed slurry is under the dilute condition of 17%; even if the concentration of xanthate in the initial backwater is at a higher level of 200mg/L, a large amount of xanthate can be adsorbed by sulfur minerals after mixing, and the concentration of xanthate in the dehydrated overflow water can be reduced to below 1 mg/L; namely, the adsorption rate can reach 99.5%, and the clean backwater obtained after the dewatered overflow water is subjected to coagulating sedimentation can not influence the lead flotation.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 9, a mineral flotation method adopts the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided by the present invention for performing preferential flotation on copper-lead-zinc sulfide ores, wherein valuable elements are copper, lead, zinc and sulfur; the specific flow of the mineral flotation method is similar to that of the embodiment 1 of the invention, and a 'mixing-dehydration' scheme is adopted to treat return water, and the differences are as follows: copper flotation is the flotation of the first floating target mineral (namely, first-stage flotation), lead flotation and zinc flotation are the flotation of the residual target mineral except for the first-stage flotation and the last-stage flotation (namely, middle-stage flotation), sulfur flotation is the flotation of the last target mineral (namely, last-stage flotation), the zinc tailing pulp is the pulp to be subjected to the last target mineral flotation, and the copper concentrate pulp, the lead concentrate pulp and the zinc concentrate pulp are treated according to the prior art; the overflow water treated by the 'mixing-dewatering' scheme can be directly returned to the ore grinding process, the copper flotation process or the lead flotation process as return water, or can be subjected to coagulation precipitation firstly and then returned to the ore grinding process, the copper flotation process or the lead flotation process.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 10, a mineral flotation method adopts the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided by the present invention, and is used for performing preferential flotation on copper-lead-zinc sulfide ores, wherein valuable elements are copper, lead, zinc and sulfur; the specific flow of the mineral flotation method is similar to that of the embodiment 2 of the invention, and a 'grading-mixing-dewatering' scheme is adopted to treat return water, and the differences are as follows: copper flotation is the flotation of the first floating target mineral (namely, first-stage flotation), lead flotation and zinc flotation are the flotation of the residual target mineral except for the first-stage flotation and the last-stage flotation (namely, middle-stage flotation), sulfur flotation is the flotation of the last target mineral (namely, last-stage flotation), the zinc tailing pulp is the pulp to be subjected to the last target mineral flotation, and the copper concentrate pulp, the lead concentrate pulp and the zinc concentrate pulp are treated according to the prior art; the overflow water treated by the scheme of classification-mixing-dehydration can be directly returned to the ore grinding process, the copper flotation process or the lead flotation process as return water, or can be subjected to coagulation precipitation and then returned to the ore grinding process, the copper flotation process or the lead flotation process.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 11, a mineral flotation method, which adopts the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided by the present invention, is used for performing iso-flotation on copper-lead-zinc sulfide ores, and valuable elements are copper, lead, zinc and sulfur; the specific flow of the mineral flotation method is similar to that of the embodiment 1 of the invention, and a 'mixing-dehydration' scheme is adopted to treat return water, and the differences are as follows: copper-lead and the like can float to be the flotation of the first floating target mineral (namely, first-stage flotation), lead flotation and zinc flotation are the flotation of the residual target mineral except the first-stage flotation and the last-stage flotation (namely, middle-stage flotation), sulfur flotation is the flotation of the last target mineral (namely, last-stage flotation), zinc tailing pulp is pulp to be subjected to the last target mineral flotation, and the copper-lead bulk concentrate pulp, the lead concentrate pulp and the zinc concentrate pulp are treated according to the prior art; the overflow water treated by the 'mixing-dewatering' scheme can be directly returned to the ore grinding process, the copper-lead floatable process or the lead flotation process as return water, and can also be subjected to coagulating sedimentation and then returned to the ore grinding process, the copper-lead floatable process or the lead flotation process.
Example 6
As shown in fig. 12, a mineral flotation method, which adopts the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided by the present invention, is used for performing iso-flotation on copper-lead-zinc sulfide ores, and valuable elements are copper, lead, zinc and sulfur; the specific flow of the mineral flotation method is similar to that of the embodiment 2 of the invention, and a 'grading-mixing-dewatering' scheme is adopted to treat return water, and the differences are as follows: copper-lead and the like can float to be the flotation of the first floating target mineral (namely, first-stage flotation), lead flotation and zinc flotation are the flotation of the residual target mineral except the first-stage flotation and the last-stage flotation (namely, middle-stage flotation), sulfur flotation is the flotation of the last target mineral (namely, last-stage flotation), zinc tailing pulp is pulp to be subjected to the last target mineral flotation, and the copper-lead bulk concentrate pulp, the lead concentrate pulp and the zinc concentrate pulp are treated according to the prior art; the overflow water treated by the scheme of classification-mixing-dehydration can be directly returned to the ore grinding process, the copper-lead floatable process or the lead flotation process as return water, or can be subjected to coagulating sedimentation and then returned to the ore grinding process, the copper-lead floatable process or the lead flotation process.
Example 7
As shown in fig. 13, a mineral flotation method adopts the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided by the present invention, and is used for performing mixed flotation on copper-lead-zinc sulfide ores, wherein valuable elements are copper, lead, zinc and sulfur; the specific flow of the mineral flotation method is similar to that of the embodiment 1 of the invention, and a 'mixing-dehydration' scheme is adopted to treat return water, and the differences are as follows: the copper-lead bulk flotation is the flotation of the first floating target mineral (namely, first-stage flotation), the zinc flotation is the flotation of the residual target mineral except for the first-stage flotation and the last-stage flotation (namely, middle-stage flotation), the sulfur flotation is the flotation of the last target mineral (namely, last-stage flotation), the zinc tailing pulp is the pulp to be subjected to the last target mineral flotation, and the copper-lead bulk concentrate pulp and the zinc concentrate pulp are treated according to the prior art; the overflow water treated by the 'mixing-dewatering' scheme can be directly returned to the ore grinding process or the copper-lead mixed flotation process as return water, or can be subjected to coagulating sedimentation firstly and then returned to the ore grinding process or the copper-lead mixed flotation process.
Example 8
As shown in fig. 14, a mineral flotation method adopts the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided by the present invention, and is used for performing mixed flotation on copper-lead-zinc sulfide ores, wherein valuable elements are copper, lead, zinc and sulfur; the specific flow of the mineral flotation method is similar to that of the embodiment 2 of the invention, and a 'grading-mixing-dewatering' scheme is adopted to treat return water, and the differences are as follows: the copper-lead bulk flotation is the flotation of the first floating target mineral (namely, first-stage flotation), the zinc flotation is the flotation of the residual target mineral except for the first-stage flotation and the last-stage flotation (namely, middle-stage flotation), the sulfur flotation is the flotation of the last target mineral (namely, last-stage flotation), the zinc tailing pulp is the pulp to be subjected to the last target mineral flotation, and the copper-lead bulk concentrate pulp and the zinc concentrate pulp are treated according to the prior art; the overflow water treated by the scheme of classification-mixing-dehydration can be directly returned to the ore grinding process or the copper-lead mixed flotation process as return water, or can be subjected to coagulating sedimentation firstly and then returned to the ore grinding process or the copper-lead mixed flotation process.
Example 9
As shown in fig. 15, a mineral flotation method, which adopts the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided by the present invention, is used for performing preferential flotation on lead-zinc-sulfur-fluorite ores, and valuable elements are lead, zinc, sulfur and fluorite; the mineral flotation method specifically comprises the following steps:
step E1, grinding the raw ore of the lead-zinc-sulfur-fluorite ore to obtain raw ore pulp.
The procedure E2 is basically the same as the procedure a2 to the procedure a6 in the comparative example 1, and the raw ore pulp is subjected to lead flotation, zinc flotation and sulfur flotation in sequence, so that lead concentrate pulp, zinc concentrate pulp, sulfur concentrate pulp and sulfur tailing pulp are obtained in sequence.
And E3, thickening the sulfur tailing pulp to obtain sulfide tailing overflow water and thickened sulfide tailing pulp.
And E4, adding a regulator into the concentrated tailing pulp of the sulfide ore to perform size mixing and stirring, mixing the mixture with initial backwater, and dehydrating the mixed pulp to obtain overflow water and dehydrated tailing pulp. Wherein the initial return water comprises fluorite concentrate water and part of fluorite tailing water.
And E5, adding a fluorite flotation collector into the dewatered tailing slurry, and carrying out fluorite flotation to obtain fluorite concentrate slurry and fluorite tailing slurry.
And E6, dewatering the fluorite concentrate pulp to obtain fluorite concentrate and fluorite concentrate water.
And E7, dehydrating the fluorite tailing slurry to obtain fluorite tailing water and tailings.
And E8, returning part of the fluorite tailing water to the dewatered tailing slurry for fluorite floatation.
Step E9, using the fluorite concentrate water and part of the fluorite tailing water as initial backwater, and carrying out the treatment of step E4; performing coagulating sedimentation on the overflow water obtained in the step E4 to obtain clean return water; and sending the clean backwater into a high-level water tank for returning to the ore grinding process of the process E1 or the lead flotation process of the process E2.
Specifically, in example 9 of the present invention, the lead flotation in the process E2 is the flotation of the first floating target mineral (i.e., first stage flotation), the fluorite flotation in the process E5 is the flotation of the last target mineral (i.e., last stage flotation), the sulfur tailing pulp is the pulp to be subjected to the last target mineral flotation, and the lead concentrate pulp, the zinc concentrate pulp and the sulfur concentrate pulp can be treated according to the prior art; the procedure E4 is to adopt a 'mixing-dewatering' scheme to treat the return water and return the return water to the raw ore pulp through the procedure E9, and the coagulation sedimentation in the procedure E9 is an optional procedure, and the overflow water can be directly returned to the raw ore pulp without coagulation sedimentation.
Example 10
As shown in fig. 16, a mineral flotation method, which adopts the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided by the present invention, is used for performing preferential flotation on lead-zinc-sulfur-barite ores, and the main valuable elements are lead, zinc, sulfur and barite; the specific flow of the mineral flotation method is similar to that of the embodiment 9 of the invention, and a 'mixing-dehydration' scheme is adopted to treat return water, and the differences are as follows: lead flotation is the flotation of the first floating target mineral (i.e. first stage flotation), barite flotation is the flotation of the last target mineral (i.e. last stage flotation), the sulphur tailing pulp is the pulp to be subjected to the last target mineral flotation, and the lead concentrate pulp, the zinc concentrate pulp and the sulphur concentrate pulp can be treated according to the prior art.
Example 11
As shown in fig. 17, a mineral flotation method, which adopts the self-cleaning backwater treatment method provided by the present invention, is used for performing preferential flotation on a molybdenite and scheelite mixed ore, and valuable elements are molybdenum and tungsten; the specific flow of the mineral flotation method is similar to that of the embodiment 9 of the invention, and a 'mixing-dehydration' scheme is adopted to treat return water, and the differences are as follows: molybdenite flotation is the flotation of the first floating target mineral (namely, first-stage flotation), scheelite flotation is the flotation of the last target mineral (namely, last-stage flotation), the molybdenum flotation tailing pulp is the pulp to be subjected to the last target mineral flotation, and the molybdenum concentrate pulp is treated according to the prior art; the overflow water treated by the 'mixing-dewatering' scheme can be directly returned to the ore grinding process or the molybdenite flotation process as return water, or can be subjected to coagulating sedimentation firstly and then returned to the ore grinding process or the molybdenite flotation process.
In conclusion, the embodiment of the invention can effectively reduce the medicament content in the backwater, which influences the flotation of the target mineral floating firstly, and avoid the adverse influence of the ore pulp prepared from the backwater on the flotation of the target mineral floating firstly, and can greatly reduce the cost, save energy, reduce consumption, shorten the flotation time, and improve the flotation recovery rate and the medicament utilization rate.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A self-cleaning backwater treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps: taking tailing water obtained by the flotation of the last target mineral as initial backwater, mixing the initial backwater with ore pulp to be subjected to the flotation of the last target mineral, and then dehydrating the mixed ore pulp to obtain overflow water and dehydrated ore pulp;
taking the dewatered pulp as the pulp for flotation of the last target mineral; and returning the overflow water as backwater to the raw ore pulp.
2. The self-cleaning backwater treatment method of claim 1, wherein the slurry to be subjected to the last mineral flotation of interest is classified according to size, thereby obtaining a coarse slurry and a fine slurry;
mixing the initial backwater with the coarse-grained ore pulp, and then dehydrating the mixed ore pulp to obtain overflow water and dehydrated coarse-grained ore pulp;
mixing the fine ore pulp and the dewatered coarse ore pulp to obtain ore pulp for performing flotation on the last target mineral; and returning the overflow water as backwater to the raw ore pulp.
3. A self-cleaning backwater treatment method according to claim 2, wherein the coarse ore slurry is first mixed with a conditioning agent and then mixed with the initial backwater, and the mixed slurry is then dewatered to obtain overflow water and dewatered coarse ore slurry.
4. The self-cleaning backwater treatment method of claim 2, wherein the fine ore pulp is first slurried and then mixed with the dewatered coarse ore pulp to form the pulp for flotation of a final mineral of interest.
5. The self-cleaning backwater treatment method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the overflowed water is subjected to coagulating sedimentation treatment and then returned to the raw ore slurry as backwater.
6. The self-cleaning backwater treatment method of any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that tailing water obtained by flotation of a last target mineral and a last target mineral concentrate are used together as initial backwater.
7. The self-cleaning backwater treatment method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the dewatering is performed by thickening using a thickener.
8. The self-cleaning backwater treatment method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the overflowed water is used as backwater as washing water.
9. A flotation process characterized by the use of a self-cleaning backwater treatment process as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
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