CN109174436B - Smelting method of nickel sulfide ore - Google Patents
Smelting method of nickel sulfide ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN109174436B CN109174436B CN201811058741.XA CN201811058741A CN109174436B CN 109174436 B CN109174436 B CN 109174436B CN 201811058741 A CN201811058741 A CN 201811058741A CN 109174436 B CN109174436 B CN 109174436B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/005—Preliminary treatment of ores, e.g. by roasting or by the Krupp-Renn process
Abstract
Provides a smelting method of nickel sulfide ore, which comprises the following steps: and (3) separating the high-nickel-content nickel concentrate and the low-nickel-content nickel concentrate by flotation in a mineral separation stage, and then smelting the high-nickel-content nickel concentrate and the low-nickel-content nickel concentrate in different modes. According to the invention, high nickel content sulphide ores such as pentlandite in the nickel sulphide ores and low nickel content pyrrhotite are separated by flotation to obtain high nickel content nickel concentrate and low nickel content nickel concentrate, and different smelting processes are adopted for different concentrates, so that the smelting cost can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a method for smelting nickel sulfide ore.
Background
The nickel sulfide ore generally contains more pyrrhotite besides the main target ores such as pentlandite and chalcopyrite. The theory of pentlandite contains about 33 wt.% of Ni and 33 wt.% of Fe, and the theory of pyrrhotite contains about 0-2 wt.% of Ni and about 63 wt.% of Fe.
The current dressing and smelting process of nickel sulfide ore is to obtain nickel concentrate through ore dressing, then to smelt and blow, and finally to obtain nickel metal through electrolytic refining. In the existing concentration and smelting process, pyrrhotite and pentlandite can be smelted in nickel concentrate together, the smelting feed Ni grade is about 4-8 wt.%, the feed Ni grade is low, the Fe content is high, and the smelting and blowing cost is increased. And a large amount of Fe in low grade nickel matte is removed in the blowing, so that a large amount of iron and quartz are subjected to slagging while energy is consumed, and iron resources are wasted to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides a smelting method of nickel sulfide ore.
The smelting method of the nickel sulfide ore comprises the following steps: and (3) separating the high-nickel-content nickel concentrate and the low-nickel-content nickel concentrate by flotation in a mineral separation stage, and then carrying out smelting in different modes on the high-nickel-content nickel concentrate and the low-nickel-content nickel concentrate.
Wherein the flotation separation uses depressants comprising soluble carbonates, sodium metabisulfite, polyamines, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
Wherein the mass ratio of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, soluble carbonate, sodium metabisulfite and polyamine in the inhibitor is (3-6): (10-15): (4-8): 1.
Wherein the soluble carbonate is selected from one or more of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and ammonium carbonate.
Wherein, the polyamine is selected from one or more of diethylenetriamine and triethylene tetramine.
The smelting of the nickel concentrate with low nickel content comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out oxidizing roasting on the nickel concentrate with low nickel content; carrying out direct reduction roasting on the product after the oxidation roasting is carried out after coal blending; and grinding and magnetically separating the reduction roasting product to obtain a ferronickel product.
Wherein the oxidizing roasting temperature is 750-800 ℃, and the time is 50-60 min; and oxidizing and roasting to obtain a product, wherein the coal blending rate of the product is 8-12%, the reducing and roasting temperature is 1150-1200 ℃, and the time is 40-50 min.
Wherein SO produced by the oxidizing roasting is recovered2Is used for preparing acid.
And smelting the high-nickel-content nickel concentrate, namely smelting, blowing and electrorefining to obtain nickel metal.
The mass percent of the nickel content of the high-nickel-content nickel concentrate is 16-20%, and the mass percent of the nickel content of the low-nickel-content nickel concentrate is 1-2%.
According to the invention, the high nickel content sulfide ores such as pentlandite in the nickel sulfide ore and the low nickel content pyrrhotite are separated by flotation to obtain the high nickel content nickel concentrate and the low nickel content nickel concentrate, and different smelting processes are adopted for different concentrates, so that the smelting cost can be reduced. Furthermore, the high nickel content nickel concentrate adopts the traditional smelting and converting technology, and the low nickel content nickel concentrate adopts the direct reduction technology to directly produce iron-nickel products, so that the iron resource in the pyrrhotite can be fully recovered, the resource waste is avoided, and the slag discharge of the traditional smelting process is reduced.
Drawings
The above and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a smelting method of nickel sulfide ores in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
The high nickel content of the high nickel content nickel concentrate refers to the nickel content of the nickel concentrate used in the traditional smelting process; the "low nickel content" of the product "low nickel content nickel concentrate" means a nickel content that is lower than that of the nickel concentrate used in the conventional smelting process. The nickel content of nickel concentrate used in the traditional smelting process is about 6-8%.
According to the smelting method of the nickel sulfide ore, firstly, the nickel concentrate with high nickel content and the nickel concentrate with low nickel content are separated in the ore dressing stage, and different smelting modes are adopted for different nickel concentrates, so that the purposes of reducing the smelting cost and avoiding the resource waste are achieved. As shown in fig. 1, ore is first beneficiated, a high nickel content nickel concentrate and a low nickel content nickel concentrate are separated by flotation, and then the high nickel content nickel concentrate and the low nickel content nickel concentrate are smelted in different manners.
The flotation separation process can be any separation process. For example, but not limited to, the high nickel content nickel concentrate is separated by adding inhibitor, collector and air foaming agent into the ore pulp, and the low nickel content nickel concentrate is separated by adding activator, collector and the like into the middling.
Depressants used in flotation separation include soluble carbonates, sodium metabisulfite, polyamines and sodium carboxymethylcellulose. The mass ratio of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose to the soluble carbonate to the sodium metabisulfite to the polyamine is (3-6): (10-15): (4-8): 1. The soluble carbonate is selected from one or more of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and ammonium carbonate. The polyamine is selected from one or more of diethylenetriamine and triethylene tetramine.
The mass percent of the nickel content of the sorted high-nickel-content nickel concentrate is 16-20%, and the mass percent of the nickel content of the low-nickel-content nickel concentrate is 1-2%.
The nickel concentrate with low nickel content mainly contains pyrrhotite, and the nickel-iron alloy is obtained by oxidizing roasting, coal-based direct reduction and magnetic separation aiming at the nickel concentrate with low nickel content. The method comprises the following specific steps: firstly, carrying out oxidizing roasting on nickel concentrate with low nickel content; carrying out direct reduction roasting on the product after the oxidation roasting is carried out after coal blending; and grinding and magnetically separating the reduced and roasted product to obtain the ferronickel alloy.
Wherein, the temperature of the oxidizing roasting is 750-800 ℃, and the time is preferably 50-60 min. Oxidation of SO produced during calcination2Can be used for preparing acid, and avoids resource waste.
And (3) carrying out reduction roasting on the product after the oxidation roasting, wherein the coal is mixed by 8-12%. The reduction roasting temperature is 1150-1200 ℃, and the time is preferably 40-50 min.
Finally, the nickel-iron alloy is obtained through ore grinding and magnetic separation.
The nickel concentrate with high nickel content is nickel yellow concentrate, and can be smelted by the existing smelting method recorded in the background technology part. Namely, the nickel metal is obtained through smelting, blowing and electrolytic refining in turn.
The invention provides a new idea for treating nickel sulfide ore, namely separating high nickel content sulfide ore such as pentlandite from low nickel content pyrrhotite during flotation to obtain high nickel content nickel concentrate and low nickel content nickel concentrate, and then treating the two products by adopting different smelting processes. The high nickel content nickel concentrate adopts the traditional smelting and converting technology, and the low nickel content pyrrhotite (low nickel content nickel concentrate) adopts the direct reduction technology to directly produce the iron-nickel alloy. Thus not only reducing the smelting cost, but also fully recovering the iron resource in the pyrrhotite.
Example 1
The Ni content of certain nickel sulfide ore is 0.73 wt.%, CMC, sodium carbonate, DETA and sodium metabisulfite are used as combined inhibitors, butyl xanthate is used as a collecting agent, nickel concentrate with high nickel content is obtained by flotation, tailings after the nickel concentrate with high nickel content is floated adopt copper sulfate to activate pyrrhotite, and butyl xanthate is used as a collecting agent, so that pyrrhotite concentrate (nickel concentrate with low nickel content) is obtained. Finally, flotation yielded a high nickel content nickel concentrate with a nickel content of 18.01 wt.% and a nickel recovery of 69.12%, and a pyrrhotite concentrate with a nickel content of 1.15 wt.% and a nickel recovery of 8.93%.
The nickel concentrate with low nickel content is used for producing a ferronickel product by adopting an oxidizing roasting-coal-based direct reduction-magnetic separation process. Firstly, oxidizing roasting is carried out at the temperature of 750-800 ℃ for 50-60 min to generate SO2The acid can be prepared, the roasted product is roasted for 40-50 min under the conditions of 8-12% of coal blending and the roasting temperature of 1150-1200 ℃, the roasted product is subjected to ore grinding and magnetic separation to obtain the nickel-iron alloy with the Ni content of 2-3 wt% and the Fe content of about 90 wt%, and the nickel recovery rate can reach 90%.
Example 2
The Ni content of certain nickel sulfide ore is 0.81 wt.%, CMC, sodium carbonate, DETA and sodium metabisulfite are used as combined inhibitors, butyl xanthate is used as a collecting agent, nickel concentrate with high nickel content is obtained by flotation, copper sulfate is used for activating pyrrhotite in tailings after the nickel concentrate with high nickel content is floated, and butyl xanthate is used as a collecting agent, so that pyrrhotite concentrate (nickel concentrate with low nickel content) is obtained. Finally, flotation yielded a high nickel content nickel concentrate with a nickel content of 19.21 wt.% and a nickel recovery of 68.34%, and a pyrrhotite concentrate with a nickel content of 1.23 wt.% and a nickel recovery of 9.21%.
The nickel concentrate with low nickel content is used for producing a ferronickel product by adopting an oxidizing roasting-coal-based direct reduction-magnetic separation process. Firstly, oxidizing roasting is carried out, the temperature is 800 ℃, the time is 55min, roasting products are roasted for 50min under the conditions of 10% of coal blending and the roasting temperature is 1200 ℃, ferronickel alloy with the Ni content of 2.83 wt.% and the Fe content of 91.03 wt.% can be obtained by grinding and magnetic separation of the roasting products, and the nickel recovery rate can reach 90.23%.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A smelting method of nickel sulfide ore comprises the following steps:
separating high-nickel-content nickel concentrate and low-nickel-content nickel concentrate by flotation in a beneficiation stage, and then smelting the high-nickel-content nickel concentrate and the low-nickel-content nickel concentrate in different modes;
wherein the nickel content of the high-nickel-content nickel concentrate is 16-20% by mass, and the nickel content of the low-nickel-content nickel concentrate is 1-2% by mass;
the high nickel content nickel concentrate is mainly composed of nickel pyrite, and the low nickel content nickel concentrate is mainly composed of pyrrhotite;
the flotation separation uses depressants, which comprise soluble carbonate, sodium metabisulfite, polyamine and sodium carboxymethylcellulose; the mass ratio of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, soluble carbonate, sodium metabisulfite and polyamine in the inhibitor is (3-6): (10-15): (4-8): 1.
2. A smelting process according to claim 1, wherein the soluble carbonate is selected from one or more of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and ammonium carbonate.
3. A smelting process according to claim 1, wherein the polyamine is selected from one or more of diethylenetriamine and triethylenetetramine.
4. The smelting process according to claim 1, wherein the smelting of the low nickel content nickel concentrate includes the steps of:
firstly, carrying out oxidizing roasting on the nickel concentrate with low nickel content;
carrying out direct reduction roasting on the product after the oxidation roasting is carried out after coal blending;
and grinding and magnetically separating the reduction roasting product to obtain a ferronickel product.
5. A smelting process according to claim 4, wherein the oxidizing roasting is carried out at a temperature of 750 to 800 ℃ for 50 to 60 min; and oxidizing and roasting to obtain a product, wherein the coal blending rate of the product is 8-12%, the reducing and roasting temperature is 1150-1200 ℃, and the time is 40-50 min.
6. A smelting process according to claim 5, wherein SO produced by the oxidizing roasting is recovered2Is used for preparing acid.
7. The smelting process according to claim 1, wherein the smelting of the high nickel content nickel concentrate includes smelting, blowing, and electrorefining to produce nickel metal.
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| CN201811058741.XA CN109174436B (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2018-09-11 | Smelting method of nickel sulfide ore |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110918248B (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2022-08-23 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method for recovering nickel, cobalt and copper from nickel polymetallic ore |
| CN111129490B (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2021-12-03 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Single-phase NiS2Large-scale preparation method of powder |
| CN114892023A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-12 | 中国地质科学院 | Grading leaching method and application of nickel-cobalt sulfide ore |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102896050A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-01-30 | 中国地质科学院矿产综合利用研究所 | Pyrrhotite flotation inhibitor, preparation and application thereof, and copper-nickel sulfide ore beneficiation method |
| CN103495492A (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2014-01-08 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Beneficiation method for copper nickel |
| CN105401168A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-03-16 | 上海大学 | Method for preparing copper-nickel alloy by electro-deposition of low-grade copper and nickel mixed ore |
| CN105435954A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-03-30 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for increasing copper and nickel recycling rate from copper-nickel sulfide ore flotation middlings |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102896050A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-01-30 | 中国地质科学院矿产综合利用研究所 | Pyrrhotite flotation inhibitor, preparation and application thereof, and copper-nickel sulfide ore beneficiation method |
| CN103495492A (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2014-01-08 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Beneficiation method for copper nickel |
| CN105435954A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-03-30 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for increasing copper and nickel recycling rate from copper-nickel sulfide ore flotation middlings |
| CN105401168A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-03-16 | 上海大学 | Method for preparing copper-nickel alloy by electro-deposition of low-grade copper and nickel mixed ore |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 氧化还原法制备镍铁合金粉的研究;刘岩等;《矿产综合利用》;20050828(第4期);第3-6页 * |
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