CN109174286B

CN109174286B - Improved double-roller crusher

Info

Publication number: CN109174286B
Application number: CN201811343214.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 羊实; 庹开正
Original assignee: Chengdu Silicon Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Chengdu Silicon Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-11-13
Filing date: 2018-11-13
Publication date: 2020-05-05
Anticipated expiration: 2038-11-13
Also published as: CN109174286A

Abstract

The invention discloses an improved double-roller crusher, which comprises a shell, wherein a feed hopper is arranged at the top end of the shell, two rollers positioned below the feed hopper are arranged in the shell, the bottom end of the feed hopper is positioned in the shell, a support table is arranged below the feed hopper, a first spring is arranged on the support table, the upper end of the first spring is connected with an elastic stripper plate, and the first spring is in a compressed state; the feeder hopper top is provided with the mount, surface mounting has the pneumatic cylinder under the mount, be provided with the second spring on the bottom of the piston rod of pneumatic cylinder, second spring coupling is to the upper surface of elasticity stripper, and the second spring is in tensile state. The invention provides two active and passive elastic stripper plate switching modes, so that the device is more flexible to operate and more uniform in feeding.

Description

Improved double-roller crusher

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of pretreatment of silicon slag recovery, in particular to an improved double-roller crusher.

Background

In the industrial silicon recovery process, the silicon slag needs to be crushed into silicon slag with required size so as to facilitate the subsequent separation and smelting process.

The main equipment used in the silicon slag crushing process comprises a cone crusher and a roller crusher. The roller crusher is divided into a single roller crusher, a double roller crusher and a multi-roller crusher according to the number of rollers, and is divided into a smooth surface crusher and a tooth surface crusher according to the shape of the surface of the roller.

The double-roller crusher mainly controls the two rollers to rotate oppositely through the motor, and silicon materials are fed from the upper part and then extruded and crushed through a gap between the two rollers. The double-roller crusher has the advantages of simple structure, compactness, portability, convenient maintenance and the like, and the crushed product has uniform granularity, small over-crushing and fine granularity.

However, the uneven feeding of the existing twin roll crusher causes the silicon throughput between the two rolls to fluctuate. When the silicon material is less, part of the silicon material can directly pass through the gap between the rollers, and when the silicon material is more, the abrasion to the rollers is serious, the silicon material is stacked on the rollers, the crushing is not thorough, and finally, the product granularity is not uniform and the roller abrasion is higher.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an improved double-roller crusher to solve the problems of uneven product granularity and higher equipment abrasion caused by the fluctuation of the silicon material amount between two rollers in the conventional double-roller crusher.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

an improved double-roller crusher comprises a shell, wherein a feed hopper is arranged at the top end of the shell, two rollers positioned below the feed hopper are arranged in the shell, the bottom end of the feed hopper is positioned in the shell, a support table is arranged below the feed hopper, a first spring is arranged on the support table, an elastic discharging plate is connected to the upper end of the first spring, and the first spring is in a compressed state; the feeder hopper top is provided with the mount, surface mounting has the pneumatic cylinder under the mount, be provided with the second spring on the bottom of the piston rod of pneumatic cylinder, second spring coupling is to the upper surface of elasticity stripper, and the second spring is in tensile state.

In the prior art, the amount of silicon material falling between two rollers of a double-roller crusher for crushing is not uniform and discontinuous. There are many reasons for this problem, for example, when the conveyor conveys the silicon material to the double roll crusher, the amount of the fed material is not uniform and continuous; in the feeding hopper, there is a gap between the silicon materials with larger size, and the size of the gap is uncontrollable and unpredictable, so that there is a possibility that an overhead phenomenon occurs, that is, when a certain silicon material is used as a fulcrum, most of the silicon material is stacked above the certain silicon material and cannot continuously fall, and when the silicon material is removed, the silicon material stacked above the certain silicon material can rapidly fall in a short time, so that the silicon material amount between the two rollers is not uniform and is not continuous. The final result is that the crushed silicon material has uneven granularity, which is not beneficial to the subsequent separation and smelting process, and simultaneously, a large amount of silicon material passing through in a short time not only is not crushed completely, but also can cause serious abrasion to the roller, thereby improving the maintenance cost of the equipment and reducing the service life of the equipment.

In order to solve the problem of fluctuation of the amount of silicon materials crushed between two rollers, the invention provides an improved double-roller crusher. The crusher is the same as the prior art: the silicon material conveying device comprises a shell and a feed hopper positioned at the top end of the shell, wherein the silicon material conveyed by a conveyor enters the inside of the shell through the feed hopper. Two rollers positioned below the feed hopper are arranged in the shell, the driving shafts of the two rollers are erected on the supporting frame, and bearings used for supporting the driving shafts are arranged on the supporting frame. The driving shafts of the two rollers are connected with an output shaft of a driving device such as a motor, and the two rollers rotate oppositely under the driving of the two motors, so that the silicon material passing through the gap is crushed.

The invention is different from the prior art in that the bottom end of the feed hopper is positioned in the shell, the support tables are arranged below the feed hopper and are arranged on the inner wall of the shell, preferably, the number of the support tables is two, the support tables are respectively provided with a first spring, the top end of each first spring is connected with the elastic stripper, the first springs are in a compressed state, and the first springs always provide vertical upward elastic force for the elastic stripper. The feeder hopper top still is provided with the mount, and the mount can be installed on the casing, also can not install as independent part on the casing, and the skilled person in the art should understand, and the size of mount should not exceed the size of feeder hopper in order to cause the feeding to be smooth and easy, and the effect of mount lies in the installation pneumatic cylinder, and the hydraulic oil pump of pneumatic cylinder can be placed on the mount. The piston rod bottom of pneumatic cylinder is provided with the second spring, and the second spring is connected to the upper surface of elasticity stripper, and the second spring is in tensile state, and the second spring provides vertical ascending elastic force to elasticity stripper all the time promptly. Therefore, when the hydraulic cylinder does not provide external force to the elastic stripper, the upper surface of the elastic stripper is tightly attached to the bottom end of the feeding hopper under the elastic force of the first spring and the second spring so as to realize the closing of the bottom end of the feeding hopper.

In some embodiments, the support platform is detachably mounted on the inner wall of the housing, so that the distance between the support platform and the bottom end of the feed hopper can be adjusted, and the first spring and the second spring can be replaced. Therefore, the elastic force to be overcome by the elastic stripper plate can be adjusted according to actual requirements during use, and then the gravity of silicon materials borne by the elastic stripper plate is adjusted, so that the operation flexibility is higher.

The invention has two elastic stripper switch modes of passive and active.

Specifically, the passive switching mode is as follows: after the silicon material entered into the casing inside, at first piled up in the top of elasticity stripper, when the gravity of the silicon material of piling up was greater than the elastic force of first spring, second spring, the vertical downstream of elasticity stripper, the silicon material falls to elasticity stripper below and finally carries out the breakage through the roller clearance from the opening of elasticity stripper and feeder hopper bottom. When silicon material weight reduces, when the gravity of silicon material was less than the elastic force of first spring, second spring on the elastic discharge plate, feeder hopper bottom resealed, did not have silicon material to fall to elastic discharge plate below this moment, and the silicon material is piled up on the elastic discharge plate again.

Although energy-conserving, the passive on-off mode is energy-conserving, at the in-process of arranging the material, along with the silicon material weight reduction on the elastic discharge board, the elastic discharge board is closed gradually, and at the in-process of closing, the great silicon material of certain size can be sandwiched between feeder hopper and elastic discharge board, leads to the unable normal of feeder hopper bottom to close, and the silicon material that is less than this size on the elastic discharge board then can constantly fall to fixed stripper through the opening on, causes "inefficacy collection" in a period. To solve this problem, the invention provides an active switching mode.

The active switching mode is as follows: the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is driven to vertically move up and down by controlling the hydraulic oil pump, and then the elastic discharging plate is driven to vertically move up and down by the second spring, so that the bottom of the feed hopper is switched on and off. In the opening and closing process, the first spring and the second spring are used as buffering functions, so that violent collision between the elastic stripper and the supporting table or the feeding hopper is avoided, and the elastic stripper is effectively protected. The active switching mode can be independently used, namely the time for controlling the hydraulic oil pump to open or close the elastic stripper plate is preset, so that the feed hopper is regularly opened or closed. The active switch mode can also be used in combination with the passive switch mode, when 'failure collection' occurs, the feed hopper is opened by controlling the piston rod to move downwards, and the feed hopper is closed after the silicon material with larger size is discharged.

Through the combination of the passive and active elastic stripper switch modes, even if the conveying capacity of the conveyor is discontinuous and uneven, silicon materials entering the shell can be firstly collected and stacked in the vertical section of the feed hopper, and the silicon materials fall into the lower part of the elastic stripper through the opening opened between the elastic stripper and the feed hopper after the gravity overcomes the elastic force, so that the problem of fluctuation of the feeding capacity is eliminated, and the silicon material quantity falling into the rollers is continuous and even. In addition, in the stacking process, gaps among silicon materials with large sizes can be filled with silicon materials with small sizes, the gaps among the silicon materials are eliminated to a certain extent, the overhead phenomenon is reduced, the uniformity of the silicon material amount falling into the gaps among the rollers is further improved, and the crushing efficiency is improved.

As a preferable structure of the feeding hopper, the feeding hopper comprises a conical reducing section and a vertical section connected to the bottom end of the reducing section, the top end of the shell is connected with the outer wall of the reducing section, the vertical section is of a cylindrical structure, and a gap is reserved between the outer wall of the vertical section and the inner wall of the shell.

Further, the distance of the interval is 20-40 cm.

As a preferable structure of the elastic stripper plate, the elastic stripper plate is of a conical structure with a downward opening, and a vertical central axis of the elastic stripper plate is collinear with a vertical central axis of the feed hopper. The elastic stripper plate is a cone structure with a downward opening, namely the vertex of the cone structure is positioned at the top. The conical structure allows silicon material stacked on the elastic stripper plate to more easily pass through the opening between the feed hopper and the elastic stripper plate and fall below the elastic stripper plate when the elastic stripper plate moves downward. However, the top angle of the conical structure should not be too large, otherwise some tiny silicon materials can be accumulated on the elastic discharging plate to cause unsmooth discharging, but if the top angle is too small, a large amount of silicon materials can pass through the rollers in a short time to cause abrasion to the rollers, and therefore the top angle is preferably between 90 and 130 degrees.

Further, the vertex angle of elasticity stripper is 95~ 125. Preferably, the vertex angle is 110-115 degrees.

Further, a lining plate is arranged on the upper surface of the elastic stripper plate. The lining plate is fixed on the elastic stripper plate and mainly covers the area near the top angle of the elastic stripper plate so as to reduce the abrasion and scraping of the silicon material on the elastic stripper plate when the silicon material falls on the elastic stripper plate.

Further, the lining plate is made of ceramics.

Furthermore, a fixed discharging plate welded on the inner wall of the shell is further arranged below the elastic discharging plate, a discharging opening is formed in the bottom of the fixed discharging plate, and the discharging opening is located right above the gap between the two rollers. The fixed stripper mainly plays a role in carrying and collecting, effectively reduces the impact of silicon materials directly impacting the rollers to cause the rollers, and simultaneously guides the silicon materials to the discharge opening at the bottom, and the silicon materials fall into the gap between the two rollers through the discharge opening, so that the silicon materials are prevented from passing through the gap between the rollers and the shell when not extruded.

Further, the fixed discharging plate is of a conical structure with an upward opening. And the opening of the fixed discharging plate faces upwards, namely the vertex is positioned at the lowest point.

Furthermore, the first spring and the second spring both adopt tension springs. The tension spring can provide higher elastic force.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. the invention provides two active and passive opening and closing modes of the elastic stripper plate, so that an operator can reasonably match and use the two opening and closing modes according to actual conditions or independently use the two opening and closing modes, and the problem of 'failure collection' generated when a silicon material with larger size is clamped between a feed hopper and the elastic stripper plate is solved.

2. According to the invention, even if the conveying amount of the conveyor is discontinuous and uneven, silicon materials entering the shell can be firstly collected and stacked in the vertical section of the feeding hopper, and fall below the elastic discharging plate through the opening opened between the elastic discharging plate and the feeding hopper after gravity overcomes the elastic force, so that the problem of fluctuation of the feeding amount is eliminated, and the silicon material falling between the rollers is ensured to be continuous and even;

3. in the stacking process, gaps among silicon materials with larger sizes can be filled with silicon materials with smaller sizes, so that the gaps among the silicon materials are eliminated to a certain extent, the overhead phenomenon is reduced, and the uniformity of the amount of the silicon materials falling into the gaps among the rollers is further improved;

4. the elastic stripper plate is arranged in a conical structure, so that when the elastic stripper plate moves downwards, silicon materials stacked on the elastic stripper plate can more easily pass through the opening between the feeding hopper and the elastic stripper plate and fall below the elastic stripper plate.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:

1-shell, 2-feed hopper, 3-first spring, 4-support table, 5-elastic stripper, 6-fixed stripper, 7-roller, 8-driving shaft, 9-fixing frame, 10-hydraulic cylinder, 11-piston rod, 12-second spring.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Example (b):

an improved double-roller crusher shown in fig. 1 comprises a shell 1, wherein a feed hopper 2 is arranged at the top end of the shell 1, two rollers 7 positioned below the feed hopper 2 are arranged in the shell 1, the bottom end of the feed hopper 2 is positioned in the shell 1, a support table 4 is arranged below the feed hopper 2, a first spring 3 is arranged on the support table 4, an elastic discharging plate 5 is connected to the upper end of the first spring 3, and the first spring 3 is in a compressed state; a fixed frame 9 is arranged above the feed hopper 2, the fixed frame 9 is an independent part which is not arranged on the shell 1, a hydraulic cylinder 10 is arranged on the lower surface of the fixed frame 9, a second spring 12 is arranged on the bottom end of a piston rod 11 of the hydraulic cylinder 10, the second spring 12 is connected to the upper surface of the elastic discharging plate 5, and the second spring 12 is in a stretching state; the feeding hopper 2 comprises a conical reducing section and a vertical section connected to the bottom end of the reducing section, the top end of the shell 1 is connected with the outer wall of the reducing section, the vertical section is of a cylindrical structure, and a gap is reserved between the outer wall of the vertical section and the inner wall of the shell (1); the distance of the interval is 20-40 cm; the elastic stripper plate 5 is of a conical structure with a downward opening, and the vertical central axis of the elastic stripper plate 5 is collinear with the vertical central axis of the feed hopper 2; the vertex angle of the elastic stripper plate 5 is 95-125 degrees; the upper surface of the elastic stripper plate (5) is provided with a ceramic lining plate; a fixed discharging plate 6 welded on the inner wall of the shell 1 is further arranged below the elastic discharging plate 5, a discharging opening is formed in the bottom of the fixed discharging plate 6, and the discharging opening is located above a gap between the two rollers 7; the fixed discharging plate 6 is of a conical structure with an upward opening; the first spring 3 and the second spring 12 are both tension springs.

In use, the piston rod 12 is in the initial position and does not exert a force on the resilient stripper plate 5. Then, the motor is started, and the motor drives the driving shaft 8 to drive the two rollers 7 to rotate oppositely. And then starting the conveyor, and conveying the silicon material to the feed hopper by the conveyor.

Silicon material gets into 1 back of casing and collects and pile up in the vertical section of feeder hopper 2, and at the in-process that collects, the clearance between the great silicon material of size can be filled to the less silicon material of size, has eliminated the clearance between the silicon material to a certain extent, has reduced built on stilts phenomenon. After the elastic force of the first spring 3 and the second spring 12 is overcome by gravity, silicon falls onto the fixed discharging plate 6 through the opening opened between the elastic discharging plate 5 and the feeding hopper 2, and finally falls into the gap between the two rollers 7 for crushing through the opening on the fixed discharging plate 6, so that the problem of fluctuation of feeding amount is effectively eliminated, and the silicon amount falling between the rollers 7 is ensured to be continuous and uniform.

When the unable normally closed condition of elastic discharge plate 5 appears, control hydraulic oil pump drive piston rod 11 moves down and opens elastic discharge plate 5 for the great silicon material of size can fall to fixed discharge plate 6 on, later normally close elastic discharge plate again, resume to the passive state of unloading.

The use of "first", "second", etc. (e.g., first spring, second spring) in the present invention is for the sake of clarity of description to distinguish the respective components, and is not intended to limit any order or to emphasize importance, etc. Further, the term "connected" used herein may be either directly connected or indirectly connected via other components without being particularly described.

The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An improved double-roller crusher comprises a shell (1), wherein a feed hopper (2) is arranged at the top end of the shell (1), two rollers (7) positioned below the feed hopper (2) are arranged in the shell (1), and the improved double-roller crusher is characterized in that the bottom end of the feed hopper (2) is positioned in the shell (1), a support table (4) is arranged below the feed hopper (2), a first spring (3) is arranged on the support table (4), an elastic discharging plate (5) is connected to the upper end of the first spring (3), and the first spring (3) is in a compressed state; feeder hopper (2) top is provided with mount (9), surface mounting has pneumatic cylinder (10) under mount (9), be provided with second spring (12) on the bottom of piston rod (11) of pneumatic cylinder (10), second spring (12) are connected to the upper surface of elasticity stripper (5), and second spring (12) are in tensile state.

2. An improved twin roll crusher according to claim 1, characterised in that the feed hopper (2) comprises a conical reducing section and a vertical section connected to the bottom end of the reducing section, the top end of the shell (1) being connected to the outer wall of the reducing section, the vertical section being of cylindrical construction, there being a space between the outer wall of the vertical section and the inner wall of the shell (1).

3. An improved twin roll crusher as claimed in claim 2 wherein said spacing is 20 to 40 cm.

4. An improved twin roll crusher according to claim 1, characterised in that the said elastic stripper plate (5) is of a downwardly open conical configuration, the vertical central axis of the elastic stripper plate (5) being collinear with the vertical central axis of the feed hopper (2).

5. An improved twin roll crusher according to claim 4, characterised in that the top angle of the resilient stripper plate (5) is 95-125 °.

6. An improved twin roll crusher as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that the resilient stripper plate (5) is provided with a lining on its upper surface.

7. An improved twin roll crusher as defined in claim 6 in which said liner is made of ceramic.

8. An improved twin roll crusher according to claim 1, characterised in that a fixed stripper plate (6) welded to the inner wall of the shell (1) is arranged below said elastic stripper plate (5), and that the bottom of said fixed stripper plate (6) is provided with a discharge opening located above the gap between the two rolls (7).

9. An improved twin roll crusher according to claim 8, characterised in that the stationary stripper plate (6) is of an upwardly open conical configuration.

10. An improved twin roll crusher according to any of claims 1-9, characterised in that the first (3) and second (12) springs are tension springs.