CN109174177A - A kind of alumina load ionic liquid-palladium catalyst and its preparation and the application in acetylene hydrogenation reaction - Google Patents
A kind of alumina load ionic liquid-palladium catalyst and its preparation and the application in acetylene hydrogenation reaction Download PDFInfo
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- CN109174177A CN109174177A CN201810923803.2A CN201810923803A CN109174177A CN 109174177 A CN109174177 A CN 109174177A CN 201810923803 A CN201810923803 A CN 201810923803A CN 109174177 A CN109174177 A CN 109174177A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0277—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature
- B01J31/0278—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre
- B01J31/0281—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre the nitrogen being a ring member
- B01J31/0284—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides comprising ionic liquids, as components in catalyst systems or catalysts per se, the ionic liquid compounds being used in the molten state at the respective reaction temperature containing nitrogen as cationic centre the nitrogen being a ring member of an aromatic ring, e.g. pyridinium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation
- C07C5/08—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon triple bonds
- C07C5/09—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon triple bonds to carbon-to-carbon double bonds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/60—Reduction reactions, e.g. hydrogenation
- B01J2231/64—Reductions in general of organic substrates, e.g. hydride reductions or hydrogenations
- B01J2231/641—Hydrogenation of organic substrates, i.e. H2 or H-transfer hydrogenations, e.g. Fischer-Tropsch processes
- B01J2231/645—Hydrogenation of organic substrates, i.e. H2 or H-transfer hydrogenations, e.g. Fischer-Tropsch processes of C=C or C-C triple bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2531/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- C07C2531/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
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- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of alumina load ionic liquid-palladium catalyst and its preparations and the application in acetylene hydrogenation reaction.The catalyst includes the ionic liquid and palladium compound of alumina support and load on the surface of the carrier, and the palladium compound is selected from one of chlorine palladium acid, palladium nitrate, palladium acetate, palladium acetylacetonate, dichloro diamino palladium, tetrachloro-palladium acid ammonium, chlorine palladium acid sodium, four ammino palladium of nitric acid；The cation of the ionic liquid is the glyoxaline cation of different carbon chain lengths, and anion is chloride ion, bromide ion, hexafluoro-phosphate radical, tetrafluoro phosphate radical or tetrafluoroborate；Wherein ionic liquid forms one layer of liquid film in carrier surface, and ionic liquid also forms Cabbeen structure with palladium compound；In the catalyst, the load capacity of palladium is 0.03-1wt%, and the load capacity of ionic liquid is 8-40wt%.Catalyst of the present invention is used for selective hydrogenation of acetylene, ethylene can be promoted to be desorbed, to substantially increase the selectivity of ethylene in the reaction.
Description
(1) technical field
Add the present invention relates to a kind of alumina load ionic liquid-palladium catalyst and preparation method thereof and in selective acetylene
Application during hydrogen is ethylene reaction produced.
(2) technical background
Ethylene is widely used in every field as important Organic Chemicals.The resulting ethylogen of industrial production
Expect gas in, often containing 1% acetylene.The trace acetylene mixed in ethylene raw material gas can poison urging for subsequent ethylene polymerization
Agent, and reduce the quality of polyethylene product.Therefore, the acetylene in unstripped gas is removed to 5ppm or less and is of great significance.
Frequently with the acetylene in solvent absorption, selective hydrogenation method removing ethylene raw in ethylene unit.It is inhaled with solvent
Receipts method is compared, and catalysis selective hydrogenation compares absorption process, and pollution is small, while removing acetylene impurities, moreover it is possible to improve the production of ethylene
Amount.However traditional catalyst used by industrial, when acetylene is in high conversion, the selectivity of ethylene is very low.This is because
Ethylene is not desorbed in time during the reaction, caused by excessive hydrogenation.
Based on background above, a kind of suitable catalyst is designed to improve the selection of ethylene in selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction
Property is of great significance for the industrialized production of ethylene.
(3) summary of the invention
The primary purpose of the present invention is that providing a kind of alumina load ionic liquid-palladium for selective hydrogenation of acetylene
Catalyst, the catalyst can greatly improve the selectivity of ethylene in selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of alumina load ionic liquid-palladiums for preparing of simple process to urge
The method of agent.
Third object of the present invention is to provide the alumina load ionic liquid-palladium catalysts to add in selective acetylene
Application in hydrogen reaction has the advantages that conversion of alkyne is high, ethylene selectivity is high, catalyst stability is good.
Technical solution used in the present invention is illustrated below.
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of alumina load ionic liquid-palladium catalyst, including alumina support and
Load ionic liquid and palladium compound on the surface of the carrier, the palladium compound be selected from chlorine palladium acid, palladium nitrate, palladium acetate,
One of palladium acetylacetonate, dichloro diamino palladium, tetrachloro-palladium acid ammonium, chlorine palladium acid sodium, four ammino palladium of nitric acid；The ionic liquid
Selected from glyoxaline ion liquid, cation is selected from the glyoxaline cation of different carbon chain lengths, anion be chloride ion, bromine from
Son, hexafluoro-phosphate radical, tetrafluoro phosphate radical or tetrafluoroborate；Wherein ionic liquid forms one layer of liquid film in carrier surface, and
Ionic liquid also forms Cabbeen structure with palladium compound；In the catalyst, the load capacity of palladium is 0.03-1wt%, ionic liquid
Load capacity be 8-40wt%.
In the present invention, the definition of load capacity is mass percentage of the component relative to carrier.
Further, the specific surface area of alumina support is 58-420m2/g。
Further, the preferred chlorine palladium acid of the palladium compound.
Further, the glyoxaline cation of the different carbon chain lengths is 1- ethyl-3-methylimidazole, 1- propyl -3- methyl
The cation that imidazoles, 1- butyl -3- methylimidazole or 1- amyl -3- methylimidazole are formed.
Further, the ionic liquid preferably easily forms the chlorination 1- propyl -3- first of Cabbeen structure with palladium compound
Base imidazoles, chlorination 1- butyl -3- methylimidazole, 1- propyl -3- methyl imidazolium tetrafluoroborate or 1- propyl -3- methylimidazole six
Fluorophosphate, more preferably chlorination 1- propyl -3- methylimidazole or chlorination 1- butyl -3- methylimidazole.
Further, the load capacity of palladium is preferably 0.05-0.1wt%, more preferable 0.1wt%；The load capacity of ionic liquid is excellent
It is selected as 20-30wt%, more preferably 30wt%.
On the other hand, the present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of alumina load ionic liquid-palladium catalyst, including with
Lower step:
(1) it prepares maceration extract: dissolving palladium compound with solvent, corresponding palladium compound maceration extract is made, wherein the quality of palladium
Concentration is 0.001-0.01g/mL；
(2) it prepares ionic liquid-palladium compound: palladium compound maceration extract being mixed with ionic liquid in proportion, is sufficiently stirred
It mixes and is uniformly dispersed to obtain ionic liquid-palladium compound maceration extract；
(3) equably aluminium oxide is poured into ionic liquid-palladium compound maceration extract, soaks the impregnated liquid of aluminium oxide completely
Not and fully dispersed, the carrier soaked impregnates 8-14h at room temperature, and then the dry 8-14h at 110-130 DEG C, obtains oxygen
Change aluminium supported ion liquid-palladium catalyst.
The preparation method of catalyst of the present invention, palladium compound and ionic liquid are regarded as whole loads, this field
The additional amount of load capacity selection palladium compound and ionic liquid that technical staff can according to need.
In step (1) of the present invention, solvent can be water, hydrochloric acid solution, ethyl alcohol etc. depending on the type of palladium compound,
The present invention does not have particular/special requirement to this.
In step (3) of the present invention, if maceration extract can not submerge the aluminium oxide of addition, a certain amount of deionization can be added
Water is completely submerged aluminium oxide.
In step (3) of the present invention, after aluminium oxide is added, preferably disperse aluminium oxide in maceration extract by ultrasonic treatment
It is even.
Further, the preparation method is further comprising the steps of (4): catalyst made from step (3) is placed in microwave
In reactor, at 100-120 DEG C microwave 10-30min to get finished product catalyst.The step can further promote Cabbeen
The formation of structure.
The third aspect, the present invention provides the alumina load ionic liquid-palladium catalysts in selective hydrogenation of acetylene
Application in reaction.Before application, first catalyst is restored with hydrogen, reduction temperature is 130-200 DEG C, and the recovery time is
1-3h。
Further, the condition of selective hydrogenation of acetylene is: reaction temperature is 60-210 DEG C, reaction pressure 0.1-1MPa,
Air speed is 4000-15000h-1。
In selective hydrogenation of acetylene of the present invention, General reactions temperature is higher, and reactivity is better, but selectivity also can phase
It should reduce.Preferable reaction temperature is 120-170 DEG C.It is preferred that reaction pressure is 0.1-0.3MPa, more preferably normal pressure.It is preferred that air speed
For 6000-10000h-1。
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) alumina load of the invention ionic liquid-palladium catalyst, the mixed liquor of glyoxaline ion liquid and palladium is born
It is loaded on alumina support, on the one hand glyoxaline ion liquid forms one layer of liquid film in carrier surface, using hydrogen in ionic liquid
The characteristic of low solubility in body prevents excessive hydrogenation so that having the hydrogen and acetylene ratio of relative equilibrium in catalyst surface,
Improve the ethylene selectivity of reaction；Another aspect glyoxaline ion liquid and active component palladium form special Cabbeen structure, should
Electronic effect caused by structure makes palladium be in electron rich state, promotes ethylene from palladium active component surface desorption, this makes
Catalyst is obtained while keeping high conversion of alkyne, also substantially increases the selectivity of ethylene in the reaction.In addition, of the invention
Loaded catalyst is made, on the one hand can reduce the dosage of expensive ionic liquid, reduce cost；On the other hand due to ion
Liquid mass transfer effect is bad, is supported on one layer of liquid film of formation on carrier, can improve mass transfer effect.
(2) alumina load of the invention ionic liquid-palladium catalyst preparation method, simple process.
(3) alumina load of the invention ionic liquid-palladium catalyst preparation method introduces microwave treatment step, can be with
Further promote the formation of Cabbeen structure, to further increase ethylene selectivity in reaction.
(4) alumina load of the invention ionic liquid-palladium catalyst prepares ethylene applied to selective hydrogenation of acetylene, has
Have the advantages that conversion of alkyne is high, ethylene selectivity is high, stability is good.
(4) Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that there is alumina load ionic liquid-palladium catalyst selective hydrogenation of acetylene of Cabbeen palladium structure to illustrate
Figure.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is Pd- [Prmim] [Cl]/Al prepared by embodiment 7 respectively2O3The C 1s XPS spectrum figure and N of catalyst
1s XPS spectrum figure indicates the position at Pd-NHC in figure, is the characteristic peak of Cabbeen, this proves to contain Cabbeen structure in catalyst.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is the evaluation result of the long-time selective hydrogenation of acetylene of embodiment 11.
(5) specific embodiment
Illustrate the present invention with specific example below.It is important to point out that embodiment is served only for carrying out the present invention
It further illustrates, but should not be understood as limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1-9
Weigh a certain amount of PdCl2It is dissolved in concentrated hydrochloric acid, is transferred in volumetric flask, a certain amount of deionized water is added and arrives
Corresponding scale, the mass concentration that palladium is made is the chlorine palladium acid solution of 0.001g/mL.According to load capacity listed by table 1 and its proportion,
The chlorine palladium acid solution and ionic liquid of metering are mixed, and a certain amount of deionized water is added, after mixing evenly, equably by oxygen
Change alumina supporter (specific surface area 384m2/ g) it pours into maceration extract, ultrasound makes it be uniformly dispersed.By the aluminium oxide of wetting in room temperature
12h is impregnated, and the dry 12h at 110 DEG C, obtains the alumina load ionic liquid-that can form special Cabbeen palladium structure
Palladium catalyst.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is Pd- [Prmim] [Cl]/Al prepared by embodiment 7 respectively2O3The C 1s XPS spectrum figure and N of catalyst
1s XPS spectrum figure indicates the position at Pd-NHC in figure, is the characteristic peak of Cabbeen, this proves to contain Cabbeen structure in catalyst.
Alumina support texture Nature comparison before and after supported ion liquid and Pd is shown in Table 1 in embodiment 7:
Carrier texture Nature comparison before and after 1 supported ion liquid of table
Table 1 statistics indicate that the ionic liquid of load in Al2O3Carrier surface forms liquid film.
Embodiment 10
Referring to the operation of embodiment 9, it is 58m that difference, which is only that carrier changes specific surface area into,2The aluminium oxide of/g, being made can shape
At alumina load ionic liquid-palladium catalyst of special Cabbeen palladium structure.
Embodiment 11
Referring to the operation of embodiment 9, it is 420m that difference, which is only that carrier changes specific surface area into,2Energy is made in the aluminium oxide of/g
Form alumina load ionic liquid-palladium catalyst of special Cabbeen palladium structure.
Embodiment 12
Alumina load ionic liquid-palladium catalyst prepared by embodiment 2 reacts in microwave reactor in 100 DEG C
30min obtains finished catalyst, and C 1s XPS spectrum figure and N 1s XPS spectrum figure, which also indicate that, contains Cabbeen structure in catalyst.
Embodiment 13
Alumina load ionic liquid-palladium catalyst prepared by embodiment 9 reacts in microwave reactor in 120 DEG C
10min obtains finished catalyst, and C 1s XPS spectrum figure and N 1s XPS spectrum figure, which also indicate that, contains Cabbeen structure in catalyst.
Catalyst obtained carries out catalyst activity and selective evaluation according to following method:
0.3g catalyst is placed in small-sized quartz tube reactor, quartz ampoule is placed in the heating furnace of controllable temperature, instead
Ying Qian is passed through pure H21h is restored at 180 DEG C, reduction gas velocity is 10mL/min；After reduction, by temperature control at 150 DEG C
It is reacted.Reaction gas group becomes (volume fraction): 0.33% acetylene, 0.66% hydrogen, 33% ethylene, surplus nitrogen.Instead
Should gas flow velocity be 50mL/min, reaction pressure is normal pressure.Reaction gas outlet connects gas-chromatography on-line checking, the evaluation of catalyst
As a result it see the table below shown in 2.
2 alumina load ionic liquid of table-palladium catalyst selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction evaluating result
Note:aThe solubility ratio of acetylene and ethylene in chlorination 1- propyl -3- methylimidazole is 1.4:1.
Embodiment 14-18
Weigh a certain amount of PdCl2It is dissolved in concentrated hydrochloric acid, is transferred in volumetric flask, a certain amount of deionized water is added and arrives
Corresponding scale, the mass concentration that palladium is made is the chlorine palladium acid solution of 0.1g/mL.It, will according to load capacity listed by table 1 and its proportion
The chlorine palladium acid solution and ionic liquid of metering mix, and a certain amount of deionized water is added, after mixing evenly, equably will oxidation
Alumina supporter (specific surface area 384m2/ g) it pours into maceration extract, ultrasound makes it be uniformly dispersed.The aluminium oxide of wetting is soaked in room temperature
Stain 12h, and the dry 12h at 110 DEG C, obtain the alumina load ionic liquid-palladium that can form special Cabbeen palladium structure
Catalyst.
Catalyst activity and selectivity evaluation method is same as above, and only changes reaction temperature, and the evaluation result of catalyst see the table below 3
It is shown.
3 alumina load ionic liquid of table-palladium catalyst selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction evaluating result
Embodiment 19-23
Weigh a certain amount of PdCl2It is dissolved in concentrated hydrochloric acid, is transferred in volumetric flask, a certain amount of deionized water is added and arrives
Corresponding scale, the mass concentration that palladium is made is the chlorine palladium acid solution of 0.01g/mL.According to load capacity listed by table 1 and its proportion,
The chlorine palladium acid solution and ionic liquid of metering are mixed, and a certain amount of deionized water is added, after mixing evenly, equably by oxygen
Change alumina supporter (specific surface area 384m2/ g) it pours into maceration extract, ultrasound makes it be uniformly dispersed.By the aluminium oxide of wetting in room temperature
12h is impregnated, and the dry 12h at 110 DEG C, obtains the alumina load ionic liquid-that can form special Cabbeen palladium structure
Palladium catalyst.
Catalyst activity and selectivity evaluation method is same as above, and reaction temperature keeps 150 DEG C of constant, change reaction gas inlet air flows
The evaluation result of speed, catalyst see the table below shown in 4.
4 alumina load ionic liquid of table-palladium catalyst selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction evaluating result
Embodiment 24: stability experiment
According to the reaction condition of embodiment 11, the long-time selective hydrogenation of acetylene performance of catalyst is evaluated, is tied
Fruit is as shown in Figures 4 and 5, shows that catalyst is with good stability.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of alumina load ionic liquid-palladium catalyst, including alumina support and load on the surface of the carrier from
Sub- liquid and palladium compound, the palladium compound are selected from chlorine palladium acid, palladium nitrate, palladium acetate, palladium acetylacetonate, dichloro diamino
One of palladium, tetrachloro-palladium acid ammonium, chlorine palladium acid sodium, four ammino palladium of nitric acid；The ionic liquid is selected from glyoxaline ion liquid,
Its cation is selected from the glyoxaline cation of different carbon chain lengths, and anion is chloride ion, bromide ion, hexafluoro-phosphate radical, tetrafluoro phosphorus
Acid group or tetrafluoroborate；Wherein ionic liquid carrier surface formed one layer of liquid film, and ionic liquid also with palladium compound
Form Cabbeen structure；In the catalyst, the load capacity of palladium is 0.03-1wt%, and the load capacity of ionic liquid is 8-40wt%.
2. alumina load ionic liquid-palladium catalyst as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the alumina support
Specific surface area be 58-420m2/g。
3. alumina load ionic liquid-palladium catalyst as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the palladium ion
Closing object is chlorine palladium acid.
4. alumina load ionic liquid-palladium catalyst as described in one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that: the difference
The glyoxaline cation of carbon chain lengths be 1- ethyl-3-methylimidazole, 1- propyl -3- methylimidazole, 1- butyl -3- methylimidazole or
The cation that 1- amyl -3- methylimidazole is formed.
5. alumina load ionic liquid-palladium catalyst as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that: the ionic liquid
Selected from one of following: chlorination 1- propyl -3- methylimidazole, chlorination 1- butyl -3- methylimidazole, 1- propyl -3- methylimidazole four
Borofluoride, 1- propyl -3- methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate.
6. alumina load ionic liquid-palladium catalyst as described in one of claims 1 to 3 or 5, it is characterised in that: palladium
Load capacity is 0.05-0.1wt%, preferably 0.1wt%；The load capacity of ionic liquid is 20-30wt%, preferably 30wt%.
7. a kind of preparation method of alumina load ionic liquid-palladium catalyst as described in claim 1, including following step
It is rapid:
(1) it prepares maceration extract: dissolving palladium compound with solvent, corresponding palladium compound maceration extract is made, wherein the mass concentration of palladium
For 0.001-0.01g/mL；
(2) it prepares ionic liquid-palladium compound: in proportion mixing palladium compound maceration extract with ionic liquid, be sufficiently stirred point
It dissipates and uniformly obtains ionic liquid-palladium compound maceration extract；
(3) equably aluminium oxide is poured into ionic liquid-palladium compound maceration extract, is totally submerged the impregnated liquid of aluminium oxide simultaneously
Fully dispersed, the carrier soaked impregnates 8-14h at room temperature, and then the dry 8-14h at 110-130 DEG C, obtains aluminium oxide
Supported ion liquid-palladium catalyst.
8. preparation method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the preparation method is further comprising the steps of (4): will
Catalyst made from step (3) is placed in microwave reactor, at 100-120 DEG C microwave 10-30min to get finished product catalysis
Agent.
9. alumina load ionic liquid-palladium catalyst as described in claim 1 answering in selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction
With, before application, first catalyst is restored with hydrogen, reduction temperature be 130-200 DEG C, recovery time 1-3h.
10. application as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that: the condition of selective hydrogenation of acetylene reaction is: reaction temperature is
60-210 DEG C, preferable reaction temperature is 120-170 DEG C；Reaction pressure is 0.1-1MPa, and preferably reaction pressure is 0.1-0.3MPa；
Air speed is 4000-15000h-1, preferably air speed is 6000-10000h-1。
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| CN110560156A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-12-13 | 浙江工业大学 | supported ionic liquid-bimetallic palladium-based catalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
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| FARSHIDFAR, F ET AL.: "IONIC LIQUID ASSISTED ACETYLENE PARTIAL HYDROGENATION OVER SURFACE OF PALLADIUM NANOPARTICLES", 《SURFACE REVIEW AND LETTERS》 * |
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